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تعد الصحافة صورة من صور الحضارة في اي بلد، بل أنها " ركن من أعظم الأركان التي تشيد عليها دعائم الحضارة والعمران" مثلما قال عنها نابليون بونابرت، فالصحافة إذن مقياس من مقاييس الحضارة وروح البلاد وشريانها، فالأمة بلا صحافة كهيكل بلا روح فدورها كبير في رقي الشعب وثقافته وفي تنبيه الوعي القومي وتهذيبه، وفي الحقيقة ان الصحافة دولة بكاملها لها كيانها واهميتها فحكومتها الكتاب وشعبها القراء، وإذا ما أردنا دراسة تاريخ امة او حضارة فعلينا البحث عن صحافتها وتفاعلها مع المجتمع وقدرتها على التأثر بحركته والتأثير فيه، ومن هنا تكمن أهمية البحث عن تاريخ الصحافة لواء كربلاء وموقفها من الاحداث السياسية في العراق.

درس البحث اثر السياسة الامريكية على الاوضاع السياسية والاجتماعية الفليبينية وهو موضوع مهم لانهُ يبين لنا السياسة الامريكية التي فتتت المجتمع الفليبيني، واستخدمت تلك السياسة في بلدان اسيا واغلب بلدان العالم الثالث بهدف الاستمرار في استغلال خيرات تلك البلدان، باسلوب استعماري جديد، ومن خلال الموضوع حاولت ابراز السياسة الامريكية في مدة ما قبل الاستقلال ومن ثم في مدة ما بعد الاستقلال، لكي اوضح كيف ان الولايات المتحدة الامريكية استغلت الفليبين بعد الاستقلال بوجه استعماري جديد خلقت من خلاله الفتنة في المجتمع الفليبيني.

Introduction: Sucrose is an evidence-based intervention used for short-term pain management and distress from minor procedures. Limited research exists on nurses' knowledge and use of sucrose in Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Saudi Arabia. Objective: To assess nurses' knowledge and use of sucrose in Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Saudi Arabia. Methods: A cross-sectional online survey was used to collect data from a convenience sample of 68 neonatal intensive care nurses in Saudi Arabia. A modified tool assessed the knowledge and use of sucrose. Logistic regression analysis was used to find the predictors for sucrose use. Results: Most respondents never used sucrose for neonatal pain management and did not receive any training on sucrose. The mean knowledge of nurses regarding sucrose and its use was very low (38%): 16% had a high level of knowledge regarding sucrose, 13% moderate, 19% low, and 52% very low. Nurses who received training on sucrose use and nurses who read or heard about sucrose predicted the use of sucrose. Conclusion: Nurses' knowledge and use of sucrose were inadequate. Interventional programs are needed to enhance the nurses' knowledge regarding sucrose and its use and to enhance the utilization of sucrose as a pain management intervention in the Neonatal Intensive Care Units in Saudi Arabia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel design of phased array antenna based on a Slotted Waveguide Antenna Array (SWAA) is introduced in this paper. The CST Microwave Studio simulation results show that the S‒parameters, the gain, the axial ratio, and the beamwidth of the proposed phased array antenna are affected by the value of the progressive phase shift. The simulated results of the proposed phased array antenna at different values of progressive phase demonstrate that the S‒parameters for almost all ports are less than ‒10 dB over at least 2% bandwidth, the simulated phased array antenna gain is above 17 dB in the frequency range from 9.5 GHz to 9.7 GHz, the range of frequencies over which the simulated Axial Ratio (AR) is below 3 dB is not fixed and varied according to the selected progressive phase, the simulated beamwidth can be 6.5˚ or narrower based on the value of the progressive phase shift.

Poverty alleviation is a development general agenda all over the world, including Indonesia. Quality and sustainable development is the development capabling of empowering people to alleviate poverty and improve quality of life. The Program of Main Family Building (MKU) initiated by the Indonesian BMT Association (PBMTI) is a new idea as an effort of Baitul Maal wa Tamwil (BMT) to be involved in empowerment programs, especially family. The MKU program launched since 2014 needs to be evaluated to find out how effective the program is. This research focuses on program identification through four indicators of effectiveness, namely the accuracy of targets, socialization, objectives and monitoring program. This study uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires to 32 respondents consisting of all MKU program members. The finding revealed that the MKU program implemented by the KSPPS Tumang BMT showed sufficient effectiveness or 72.7% effective.

Dengue remains a severe threat to public health. The safety and efficacy of the licensed dengue vaccine is not clinically satisfactory, which necessitate the need of new approach in designing an effective dengue vaccine without eliciting adverse reaction. Herein, we have designed a lipidated multi-epitope peptide vaccine (LipoDV) that can elicit highly targeted humoral and cell-mediated immune responses. To improve its immunogenicity, LipoDV was presented on the surface of MPLA-functionalized polymersome nanoparticles (PNs-LipoDV-MPLA). The as-constructed vaccine delivery platform resembles the structural morphology of DENV owing to its spherical nanoscale particle size and surface immunostimulatory properties given by LipoDV and MPLA that emulating the functional role of DENV E and prM/M proteins respectively. A proof-of-concept study demonstrated that BALB/c mice immunized with PNs-LipoDV-MPLA induced a stronger antigen-specific antibody response with an enhanced cell-mediated immunity as characterized by the elevated IFN-γ secretion in comparison to other tested vaccine candidates which possess a lesser structural trait of DENV. The DENV-mimicking nanoparticles vaccine exhibited negligible toxicity as analyzed by hemolytic test, MTT assay, histopathological examination and abnormal toxicity test on immunized mice. Collectively, our study provides a strong foundation in designing an effective peptide-based vaccine delivery platform against DENV infection.

Objectives: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCAs) are a leading cause of death worldwide. However, data regarding the management and outcomes of affected patients are lacking in the Middle East. The current study aimed to present the angiographic findings and outcomes of patients presenting with OHCA in Muscat, Oman. Methods: This retrospective study took place between January 2012 and December 2016 at the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital (SQUH), Muscat, Oman. All adult patients who presented following an OHCA to the Emergency Department of SQUH during the study period were included. Demographic and clinical data were collected from electronic medical records. Results: A total of 216 patients were included in the study. The majority (63.9%) presented after having collapsed, while 22.3% presented with chest pains. Asystole was the most frequent initial cardiac rhythm (62.5%), with only 10% having ventricular tachycardia/fibrillation. Very few patients (1.4%) had received cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) prior to presentation. In total, 85 patients (39.4%) returned to spontaneous circulation (RSC); of these, post-RSC electrocardiography revealed an ST-segment elevation in 41.2% and normal findings in 23.5%. There were 63 patients who underwent coronary angiography, with 28 requiring stenting. Overall, 13% of patients survived and were discharged, although three survivors suffered permanent hypoxic brain damage. Conclusion: The overall survival rate of patients who had experienced an OHCA was low. Education programmes should focus on the benefits of immediate CPR for individuals experiencing an OHCA, with more opportunities for CPR training to be made available to the general public in Oman. Keywords: Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation; Patient Outcome Assessment; Survival Rate; Coronary Angiography; Oman.

Aim: To explore variations in males’ and females’ oral health beliefs and behaviors and to assess the influence of oral health beliefs on their related behaviors within each gender. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was designed to obtain information from patients attending outpatient clinics of King Abdulaziz Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Of the 553 self-reported questionnaires, 519 were filled comprising 251 males and 268 females. The questionnaire consisted of two parts: six demographic questions and 25 questions assessing oral health beliefs and behaviors. The statistical analysis was done using frequency distribution and chi square tests. Results: Comparing males with females, there was no significant gender difference in beliefs. However, when it comes to behaviors, females were found to act more positively than males in many assessed oral health aspects of the study. When comparing beliefs versus behaviors towards the importance of oral health styles, a gap of 12–45% was noted between those “who believe of oral health behaviors” and those “who actually practiced them”. Conclusions: The study presented valuable information about the differences between beliefs and behaviors of Saudi population. It also indicated that females in general, acted more positively toward oral health than males. Health care providers might need to focus more on the improvement of oral health behaviors and practices especially among males. The real reasons for lack of behaviors need further investigation. Furthermore, oral health campaigns should switch focus from people’s education to oral health practices and actions. Keywords: Gender, Specific, Oral, Health, Belief, Behavior

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine patterns of troponin testing in the emergency department of a large tertiary care hospital in Oman and to determine its effect on patient management, including length of hospital stay (LOS). Methods: This retrospective study analysed the medical records of all adult patients undergoing troponin testing in the emergency department of the Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman, during the month of July 2015. Patients who presented with an ST-elevation myocardial infarction were excluded. Results: A total of 4,845 patients attended the emergency department during the study period; of these, troponin tests were ordered for 588 patients. The majority of the patients had negative troponin test results (81.3%). Chest pain, palpitations and breathlessness were the most common presenting complaints for those with positive troponin results. However, 41.8% of patients did not have any cardiac symptoms. Individuals with positive troponin tests had a significantly longer LOS compared to those with negative tests (mean: three versus one day; P = 0.001). In total, only 28.2% of those with positive troponin test results had final diagnoses associated with a cardiac condition, such as heart failure, an acute coronary syndrome (ACS), atrial fibrillation or other types of arrhythmia. Conclusion: A positive troponin test was associated with increased LOS; however, only a small proportion of these patients had a final diagnosis associated with a cardiac condition. Guidelines should be provided to ensure that troponin testing is performed only in cases where an ACS is suspected.