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151. Developing policy-ready digital dashboards of geospatial access to emergency obstetric care: a survey of policymakers and researchers in sub-Saharan Africa

Author: Wang, Jia, Wong, Kerry L. M., Olubodun, Tope, Gwacham-Anisiobi, Uchenna, Ogunyemi, Olakunmi, Afolabi, Bosede B., Macharia, Peter M., Makanga, Prestige Tatenda, Abejirinde, Ibukun-Oluwa Omolade, Beňová, Lenka, and Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi
Published: 2024
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152. Parametric optimization and kinetic modelling for organic matter removal from agro-waste derived paper packaging biorefinery wastewater

Author: Jagaba, Ahmad Hussaini, Kutty, Shamsul Rahman Mohamed, Noor, Azmatullah, Affam, Augustine Chioma, Ghfar, Ayman A., Usman, Abdullahi Kilaco, Lawal, Ibrahim Mohammed, Birniwa, Abdullahi Haruna, Kankia, Mubarak Usman, Afolabi, Haruna Kolawole, and Soja, Usman Bala
Published: 2024
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153. Antioxidant and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activities, in silico analyses, and anti-Alzheimer’s disease potential of leaf extracts of three Nigerian endemic medicinal plants (Spondias mombin, Carica papaya and Kalanchoe crenata)

Author: Aanuoluwapo Ruth Adetuyi, Michael E. Ayenero, Mary T. Olaleye, Afolabi A. Akindahunsi, and Afolabi C. Akinmoladun
Subjects: Acetylcholinesterase inhibition, Alzheimer’s disease, Antioxidant activity, Flavonoids, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950, Pharmacy and materia medica, RS1-441
Abstract: Abstract Background The evaluation of the correlations between antioxidant and anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of methanol leaf extracts of three Nigerian endemic plants, Spondias mombin, Carica papaya and Kalanchoe crenata, was carried out. Their constituent phytochemicals were identified by HPLC–DAD fingerprinting. The antioxidant activity as typified by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH·), 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS·+) and nitric oxide (NO) scavenging activities were evaluated. The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity of the extracts was also determined. Results The extracts contained appreciable amounts of the flavonoids, quercetin and kaempferol. The extracts of Spondias mombin, Carica papaya and Kalanchoe crenata showed concentration-dependent inhibitory activities against DPPH· and ABTS·+ with IC50 of 43.29 ± 0.443 µg/mL, 59.27 ± 0.644 µg/mL and 80.20 ± 0.414 µg/mL; 25.43 ± 0.325 (µg/mL), 39.84 ± 0.163 µg/mL and 59.02 ± 0.376 (µg/mL), respectively. The IC50 for the NO scavenging activities of the Spondias mombin, Carica papaya and Kalanchoe crenata extracts were 41.99 ± 0.217 µg/mL, 50.44 ± 0.281 µg/mL and 60.12 ± 0.512 µg/mL, respectively. The IC50 for the inhibitory effects on AChE was 53.24 ± 0.327 µg/mL, 60.95 ± 0.290 µg/m and 70.5 ± 0.426 µg/mL, respectively. The effectiveness of the plant in all the experimental tests was in the following order: S. mombin > C. papaya > K. crenata. The total flavonoid and total phenolic contents have extremely significant positive correlations with the antioxidant activities and AChE inhibitory activity. The correlation coefficients (r 2) of DPPH scavenging activity and NO scavenging activity with the AChE inhibitory activity were 0.8295 µg/mL and 0.7337 µg/mL, respectively (P
Published: 2024
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154. Gastroprotective and ulcer healing potentials of Nigerian Bee Propolis flavonoid extract on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in albino rats (Wistar Strains)

Author: Oyetayo, Noah Segun, Kodie, Dorcas Oyueley, Nwakasi, Martins I., Afolabi, Oladapo O., Jarikre, Theophilus A., Eyarefe, Oghenemega David, and Emikpe, Benjamin O.
Published: 2023
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155. Tetrapleura tetraptera curtails oxidative and proinflammatory biochemical events in lithium-pilocarpine model of status epilepticus

Author: Oladejo, Comfort O., Ogundele, Omowumi O., Adeoti, Abimbola R., Atilola, Jesutola R., Olaleye, M. Tolulope, and Akinmoladun, Afolabi C.
Published: 2023
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156. Some functional properties, antioxidant and bactericidal activities of Garcinia kola Heckel protein hydrolysates: in vitro

Author: Osukoya, Olukemi Adetutu, Gbabo, Favour Paunbranimighe, Fadugba, Abimbola, Afolabi, Olakunle Bamikole, Adewale, Olusola Bolaji, Jaiyesimi, Kikelomo Folake, Adewumi, Funmilayo Deborah, and Talabi, Justina Yetunde
Published: 2023
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157. Improving costing in infrastructure projects to accommodate uncertainties

Author: Onalaja, Afolabi Aderemi, Samwinga, Victor, and Cheung, Wai Ming
Subjects: H700 Production and Manufacturing Engineering
Abstract: Determining a reliable estimate for a construction project based on scant information during the early stage is quite challenging. It is all too usual to make incorrect estimates based on vague client needs and desires. Early cost estimate reliability is vital to the success of construction project delivery. It is widely acknowledged that one of the major factors affecting a country's economy growing is the presence of adequate social and economic infrastructure. Construction projects delivery management team therefore needs adequate and robust improvement in cost estimation at the early stage. There is need for holistic view of how the present-day project control and management professionals manage and deliver infrastructure projects to make it viable economically. Early cost estimation used in providing key decision in financing these infrastructure projects are known to be flawed due to inadequate information. This is followed by the worry that industry mandated risk management principles are ineffective in managing uncertainty, especially in complex project environments. Construction projects therefore have routinely overrun their estimates. The research identified that there is no unanimity on the reference point from which contingency estimate is produced at the early stage. Another identified problem is that there is insufficient uncertainty management during the early stage of the project. This thesis advocates the use of system thinking in identifying uncertainty factors during the early stage of project to improve cost estimate. A mixed method approach was used to fulfil the objectives of the study. Initially, semi-structure interviews were conducted to identify uncertainty factors that impact early project cost estimate and the importance of using system thinking in identifying them. Twenty respondents were selected from UK project control and management professionals involved in infrastructure project delivery. 300 questionnaires were distributed to professionals in the UK infrastructure project industry, including client, contractors, and subcontractors and 76 respondents were received. A snow-balling sample technique was used to gather the respective respondents. Their responses were analysed using statistical techniques, and some of the results served as input for the regression model produced in establishing relationship amongst system thinking, need for cognition scale scores and years of experience. Another quantitative study was done using secondary data (cost information) obtained from 31 infrastructure projects in the UK. These costs date was analysed using Generalized linear model and Bayesian hierarchical regression Model to produce 12 predictive models that estimate cost overrun and final cost of a given infrastructure project during the early stage.6 case-study firms were used for the validation The models produced take cognisant of project level random effects to account for uncertainties in parameter estimation which reduces the level of biases in the models. Parameter estimation is based on Markov chain monte carlo (MCMC) algorithms implemented within the stan framework. Models were assessed for convergence and goodness of fit using a constellation of model diagnostics and fit indices. The findings from all the analysis showed that the covariates are independent of the project level random effects and there is inadequate uncertainty management at the early stage. Additionally, the year of experience is independent of the system thinking and need for cognition scale scores. High system thinking scale scores will enable project control and management professionals practice holism efficiently during project cost estimation process at the early stage. The predictive cost estimating model would estimate the final cost and cost overrun of an infrastructure project at the early stage which will be useful in producing an effective Should cost model (SCM) for UK project delivery team. If utilized properly, could be used at the output definition and feasibility stage (GRIP framework) to inform the first business case (strategic outline case for project departments).
Published: 2023

158. A study of the impact of technology on cybercrime in the public and private sectors in Nigeria

Author: Adedoyin, Afolabi David, Wang, Victoria, and Reid, Iain Douglas
Abstract: This research used Nigeria as an exemplar to examine the social, economic, and cultural characteristics of cybercrime and the impact of technology on cybercrime development, investigation, and prevention. A review of academic sources relating to cybercrime and cyber-security around the world highlighted many gaps in understanding and this research was designed to start filling such gaps. An exploratory research approach was used which comprised 300 questionnaires completed by mainly middle-ranked employees in the public and private sectors affected by cybercrime. These were complemented by interviews with 15 professionals working in the area of cybercrime. The questionnaires concentrated on a proper understanding of cybercrime, cyber-security and how it contributed to the different sectors. The interviews with professionals highlighted five major themes that help establish and understand the relationship between cybercrime, cyber-security and the use of technology. These results were combined to give a holistic picture of cybercrime and cyber security management. The research highlighted poor use of technology to combat cybercrime. It also noted a lack of communication and cooperation in both the private and public sectors when it came to managing cybercrime. There was a serious deficiency in keeping cyber-security measures up to date, especially in the public sector, instead of continuing to rely on traditional cyber-security policies. The private sector showed some promise in trying to update its strategies but continued to give more attention to government policies instead of making its cyber-security strategies more efficient. This research goes on to propose a socio-technical framework for combatting cybercrime. This framework is based on the premise that managing cyber-space should focus on understanding the relationship between cybercrime, cyber-security, and the use of technology. It provides proper management for the various aspects of cybercrime and the threats in Nigeria, taking into consideration the growth of new technologies around the world. This empirical research contributes to knowledge by presenting a comprehensive landscape to understand cybercrime and the use of technology in cyber-security.
Published: 2023

159. Health systems challenges, mitigation strategies and adaptations to maintain essential health services during the COVID-19 pandemic: learnings from the six geopolitical regions in Nigeria

Author: Segun Bello, Rachel Neill, Ayodele S Jegede, Eniola A. Bamgboye, Mobolaji M. Salawu, Rotimi Felix Afolabi, Charles Nzelu, Ngozi Azodo, Anthony Adoghe, Munirat Ogunlayi, Saudatu Umma Yaradua, William Wang, Anne Liu, and Olufunmilayo I. Fawole
Subjects: Health systems resilience, COVID-19, Adaption, Mitigation, Essential health services, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic control strategies disrupted the smooth delivery of essential health services (EHS) globally. Limited evidence exists on the health systems lens approach to analyzing the challenges encountered in maintaining EHS during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to identify the health system challenges encountered and document the mitigation strategies and adaptations made across geopolitical zones (GPZs) in Nigeria. Methods The national qualitative survey of key actors across the six GPZs in Nigeria involved ten states and the Federal Capital Territory (FCT) which were selected based on resilience, COVID-19 burden and security considerations. A pre-tested key informant guide was used to collect data on service utilization, changes in service utilization, reasons for changes in primary health centres’ (PHCs) service volumes, challenges experienced by health facilities in maintaining EHS, mitigation strategies implemented and adaptations to service delivery. Emerging sub-themes were categorized under the appropriate pillars of the health system. Results A total of 22 respondents were interviewed. The challenges experienced in maintaining EHS cut across the pillars of the health systems including: Human resources shortage, shortages in the supply of personal protective equipments, fear of contracting COVID-19 among health workers misconception, ignorance, socio-cultural issues, lockdown/transportation and lack of equipment/waiting area (. The mitigation strategies included improved political will to fund health service projects, leading to improved accessibility, affordability, and supply of consumables. The health workforce was motivated by employing, redeploying, training, and incentivizing. Service delivery was reorganized by rescheduling appointments and prioritizing some EHS such as maternal and childcare. Sustainable systems adaptations included IPC and telehealth infrastructure, training and capacity building, virtual meetings and community groups set up for sensitization and engagement. Conclusion The mitigation strategies and adaptations implemented were important contributors to EHS recovery especially in the high resilience LGAs and have implications for future epidemic preparedness plans.
Published: 2024
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160. Exploring toilet plume bioaerosol exposure dynamics in public toilets using a Design of Experiments approach

Author: Elizabeth N. Paddy, Oluwasola O. D. Afolabi, and M. Sohail
Subjects: Medicine, Science
Abstract: Abstract Bioaerosols generated during toilet flushing can contribute to the spread of airborne pathogens and cross-contamination in indoor environments. This presents an increased risk of fomite-mediated or aerosol disease transmission. This study systematically investigated the factors contributing to increased bioaerosol exposure following toilet flushing and developed an empirical model for predicting the exposure-relevant bioaerosol concentration. Air in a toilet cubicle was sampled by impaction after seeding with Clostridium difficile spores. Design of Experiments (DoE) main effects screening and full factorial design approaches were then employed to investigate the significant factors that heighten the risk of exposure to bioaerosols post-flush. Our findings reveal that the inoculated bacterial concentration (C), time elapsed after flushing (t), lateral distance (d), and mechanical ventilation (v) are significant predictors of bioaerosol concentration, with p-values
Published: 2024
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161. Postpartum length of hospital stay among obstetric patients in Ibadan, Nigeria

Author: Ikeola A. Adeoye, Blessing U. Aleka, Rotimi F. Afolabi, and Timothy A.O Oluwasola
Subjects: Length of hospital stay, Prolonged length of hospital stay, Vaginal delivery, Caesarean delivery, Complications, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background Postpartum Length of hospital stay (PLOHS) is an essential indicator of the quality of maternal and perinatal healthcare services. Identifying the factors associated with PLOHS will inform targeted interventions to reduce unnecessary hospitalisations and improve patient outcomes after childbirth. Therefore, we assessed the length of hospital stay after birth and the associated factors in Ibadan, Nigeria. Methods We used the Ibadan Pregnancy Cohort Study (IbPCS) data, and examined the 1057 women who had information on PLOHS the mode of delivery [spontaneous vagina delivery (SVD) or caesarean section (C/S)]. The outcome variable was PLOHS, which was described as the time interval between the delivery of the infant and discharge from the health facility. PLOHS was prolonged if > 24 h for SVD and > 96 h for C/S, but normal if otherwise. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics, a chi-square test, and modified Poisson regression. The prevalence-risk ratio (PR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) are presented at the 5% significance level. Results The mean maternal age was (30.0 ± 5.2) years. Overall, the mean PLOHS for the study population was 2.6 (95% CI: 2.4–2.7) days. The average PLOHS for women who had vaginal deliveries was 1.7 (95%CI: 1.5–1.9) days, whereas those who had caesarean deliveries had an average LOHS of 4.4 (95%CI: 4.1–4.6) days. About a third had prolonged PLOHS: SVD 229 (32.1%) and C/S 108 (31.5%). Factors associated with prolonged PLOHS with SVD, were high income (aPR = 1.77; CI: 1.13, 2.79), frequent ANC visits (> 4) (aPR = 2.26; CI: 1.32, 3.87), and antenatal admission: (aPR = 1.88; CI: 1.15, 3.07). For C/S: maternal age > 35 years (aPR = 1.59; CI: 1.02, 2.47) and hypertensive disease in pregnancy (aPR = 0.61 ; CI: 0.38, 0.99) were associated with prolonged PLOHS. Conclusion The prolonged postpartum length of hospital stay was common among our study participants occurring in about a third of the women irrespective of the mode of delivery. Maternal income, advanced maternal age, ANC related issues were predisposing factors for prolonged LOHS. Further research is required to examine providers’ perspectives on PLOHS among obstetric patients in our setting.
Published: 2024
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162. Impact of COVID-19 lockdown on physical activity behavior among students in Somalia

Author: Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna, Alexios Batrakoulis, Abdulrahman M. Sheikh, Abdulaziz A. Aldayel, Abdulwali Sabo, Mahaneem Mohamed, Hafeez Abiola Afolabi, Abdirizak Yusuf Ahmed, Sahra Isse Mohamed, Mehmet Gülü, and Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali
Subjects: coronavirus diseases, facilitators, lifestyle, exercise, well-being, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Background Due to the worldwide reach of the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities across the globe deemed it essential to enforce exceptional containment measures. Maintaining physical activity (PA) during this time was only feasible through engaging in activities at home. Therefore, this study focused on elucidating the levels of PA and well-being among Somali students in the aftermath of the lockdown measures implemented by governments at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods This study was conducted in Somalia among undergraduate students studying at Somali International University. A total of 1266 students were included in the present study. An online survey was utilized to measure participant PA behavior. The assessment of PA was conducted in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, utilizing the Godin Leisure questionnaire. The study showed that 85.8% of the study participants (n = 1086) were between the ages of 17 and 22. More than half of the participants (58.7%, n = 743) were female and had no other employment (57.3%, n = 743). Results Jogging was the most frequently reported PA (57.3%, n = 726), and PA level was on average 59.7 minutes per day (SD = 25.9). Also, most of the study participants were in their last year (82.1%). In the regression analysis, age, gender, academic year, and work status were significant predictors of being physically active after the COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusion Factors affecting PA after the COVID-19 pandemic include age, gender, academic year, and work status. Males, younger individuals, and those who engage in outdoor exercise are more likely to be physically active. Once the COVID-19 restrictions were relaxed, undergraduate students in Somalia were physically active. A high level of PA appears to be advantageous for public health. Universities in Somalia should uphold school policies that promote an active lifestyle among students, aiming to maintain or enhance the existing level of PA.
Published: 2024
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163. Potential and Legal Challenges of the Metaverse for Environmental Awareness and Sustainability in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis with Singapore

Author: Paul Atagamen Aidonojie, Toyin Afolabi Majekodunmi, Eregbuonye Obieshi, and Omolola Janet Adeyemi-Balogun
Subjects: environmental, legal, metaverse, nigeria, sustainable practice, Environmental law, K3581-3598
Abstract: The Metaverse offered a novel and immersive platform where Nigerian users engaged with virtual environments that mirrored the physical world or even transcended its confines, similar to Singapore's adoption in its economy. This digital realm provided a unique opportunity for individuals and organizations to simulate and visualize the environmental consequences of human activities, thereby deepening awareness of ecological issues. Virtual reality simulations and immersive educational experiences empowered users to witness the ramifications of environmental degradation, motivating them to adopt eco-friendly practices in their daily lives. However, the realization of the Metaverse's potential for promoting environmental awareness and sustainable practices faced various legal challenges. This research employed a hybrid research approach, combining both doctrinal and non-doctrinal methods, to assess the prospects and legal issues surrounding the use of the Metaverse as a catalyst for environmental awareness and sustainability. A total of 304 questionnaires were distributed to Nigerian respondents, and data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical methods. The findings revealed that the burgeoning Metaverse had the potential to play a pivotal role in advancing environmental awareness and sustainable practices, contributing to the mitigation of climate change. Nonetheless, several challenges, such as data privacy, security issues, regulatory concerns related to the Metaverse, digital illiteracy, and insufficient funding for incorporating Metaverse technology, might hinder its effective utilization for promoting environmental awareness and sustainability. It was concluded that the Metaverse possessed transformative power to enhance environmental awareness and sustainable practices in Nigeria. Furthermore, drawing insights from Singapore's experiences in the Metaverse highlighted potential lessons and inspiration for Nigeria as it embarked on this journey of environmental awareness and sustainability through immersive digital experiences.
Published: 2024
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164. Temperature humidity index: influence on milk yield and milk composition of multiparous west african dwarf does

Author: Afolabi Taoheed YUSUFF, Abdulhammed Abiodun BADMOS, Oluwasayope Ibidapo ALLI, Victoria Oluladun CHIMEZIE, Saheed Abimbade ADEYEMI, and Timothy Rotimi FAYEYE
Subjects: ambient temperature, milk composition, milk yield, relative humidity, and temperature- humidity index, Veterinary medicine, SF600-1100
Abstract: This study examined the influence of ambient temperature (AT), relative humidity (RH) and temperature-humidity index (THI) on milk yield (MY) and milk compositions (MC) of West African Dwarf (WAD) goats using a total of thirty-six (36) lactating does. The goats were milked twice daily for twelve (12) weeks during which, AT and RH were monitored. The AT and RH data were used to generate THI. The milk collected at every milking was quantified and also analysed for MC, The AT, RH and THI during each milking period were categorized into low, medium and high ranges, under which the corresponding MY and MC were fixed. The data generated were subjected to Analysis of Variance of a Completely Randomized Design. The result revealed that the highest MY (350.28 mL), recorded during low AT range, was not significantly different from 329.43 mL obtained during medium AT, while high RH range (70-99%) facilitates higher MY (364.30 mL) compare to low and medium ranges. AT exerted no significant difference on all the MCs except protein. Milk fat was highest (7.34%) at low THI, while the lactose (11.30%) at high THI range was significantly higher compared to other ranges. A relatively higher MY (324.35 mL) and milk density (1034.94 kg/m3) was obtained within medium THI range (75.6-85.6). It is concluded that, AT and RH exhibit a synergistic effect on MY and some of the MCs.It is recommended that thermo-comfort THI for dairy WAD goats is between 75.6 and 85.6.
Published: 2024
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165. Food and Water Access Predictors of Food Security among Rural Households in Langai District, North-Central Nigeria

Author: Philip Adewale Adeoye, Tolulope Olumide Afolaranmi, Mathilda Edmond Banwat, Esther Oluwapelumi Adeleke, Afolabi Oladejo, and Daniel A. Ogundijo
Subjects: food security, water supply, psychological adaptation, food expenditure, household agriculture, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Research has shown that food insecurity in households and communities are increasing globally. More people are reported to now having difficulty in accessing safe and quality foods. This study assessed household food and water access as predictors of food security among rural households. This is a cross sectional community survey which used validated tools to collect data among 201 households representing a total population of 1284 in Langai district. Levels of household food and water access were determined; and factors associated with food security were assessed using chi-square. Predictors of food security was assessed using multivariable logistic regression. P < 0,05 was adjudged significant. About 90 % of households own a farm; with almost two-thirds (62,2 %) of households acquiring their food from both self-production and market; and 73,6 % engaging in household agriculture. The majority (82,1 %) of the households sourced their water from boreholes and pipe-borne sources. Significant predictors of food security were lower expenditure on food (AOR: 2,19 [95 % CI: 1,5-4,61]; P = 0,038); not engaged in household agriculture (AOR: 2,88 [95 % CI: 1,09-7,59]; P = 0,032); had access to pipe borne/borehole water (AOR: 2,76 [95 % CI: 1,15-6,44]; P = 0,023) and experienced little or no adverse coping behaviour (AOR: 6,07 [95 % CI: 1,74-21,23]; P = 0,005). Time did not influence food acquisition in the majority of the households. As reported and showcased in this study, the relationship between food security and rural household development is directly proportional in many local communities of a developing country. Efforts should be garnered towards rural household empowerment through improvement in livelihood and security to have sustainable foods and water.
Published: 2024
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166. Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Training of Surgical Resident Doctors at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria

Author: Babatunde Isaac Ademusire, Anuoluwapo Victor Adeyemi, Opeoluwa Samuel Adefarati, Aishat Temitope Alonge, Gladys Zugwai Ibrahim, Toluwanimi Oyebanji, Ideyonbe Samuel Eseile, and Adefemi Oladiran Afolabi
Subjects: covid-19, internship and residency, pandemics, surgeons, personal protective equipment, Surgery, RD1-811
Abstract: Background: Studies in many countries have reported that the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic disrupted surgical residency training. While a few qualitative studies have been conducted to investigate the effect of this disruption in Nigeria, a country with a small surgical workforce, no known quantitative research has assessed the effect of the pandemic on surgical residency training in the country. We, therefore, conducted this study to evaluate the effects of COVID-19 on the training of resident doctors in surgical specialties at the University College Hospital (UCH), Ibadan, Nigeria, using quantitative indicators. Methods: Questionnaires were distributed to surgical resident doctors across different subspecialties at UCH, Ibadan. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, chi-squared test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test, and logistic regression. Results: A total of 87 surgical trainees (response rate, 89.7%) participated in the survey. Some surgical trainees reported an increase in overall working hours (28.6%) and the frequency of weekend calls (9.5%). Only 22.4% continued to work in their primary subspecialty. In comparison with the pre-pandemic period, there was a significant reduction (% deviation in mean±standard deviation; p value) in the time, hours per week, spent in the outpatient clinic (−38±31; p < 0.001), on ward rounds (−25±96; p < 0.001), and in the theater (−35±87; p < 0.001), and major surgeries performed (−48±55; p < 0.001) at the height of the pandemic. Senior surgical trainees were half as likely as junior trainees to feel that the pandemic would cause an extension in the normal duration of their training (adjusted odds ratio, 0.64; confidence interval, 0.20–2.01; p = 0.444). Conclusion: The pandemic caused a reduction in work hours spent performing subspecialty duties and the procedures performed by surgical trainees at UCH, Ibadan. Hospitals should develop strategies to minimize disruptions to surgical residency training programs during pandemics and other healthcare crises.
Published: 2024
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167. Assessment of hypoxemia among young adults with sickle cell anaemia in steady state in southwestern Nigeria: a crosssectional study

Author: Asafa M. A., Ahmed I. O, Afolabi M. S., Bolarinwa R. A., and Ogunlade O.
Subjects: Hypoxemia, Sickle cell anaemia, Steady state, Vaso-occlusive crisis, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract: Abstract Objectives Hypoxia is a known feature of sickle cell anaemia (SCA) which results from chronic anaemia and recurrent vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) which can cause tissue ischaemia that leads to an end organ damage. The hallmark of SCA is chronic anaemia and recurrent vaso-occlusive crisis. The aim of this study is to compare the oxygen saturation of sickle cell anaemic individuals with the normal haemoglobin type (Hb AA) control and also to determine the prevalence of hypoxemia among SCA. Results Two-hundred and twenty-two (136 Hb SS and 86 Hb AA) participated in the study. The mean ± SD of age (years), oxygen saturation (%) and pulse rate (bpm) of participants with sickle cell anaemia and Hb AA control were 21.85 ± 3.04 and 22.14 ± 3.18 (t = 0.701, p = 0.436), 95.21 ± 3.02 and 98.07 ± 0.81 (t=-8.598, p
Published: 2024
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168. Health workforce incentives and dis-incentives during the COVID-19 pandemic: experiences from Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda

Author: Suzanne N. Kiwanuka, Ziyada Babirye, Steven N. Kabwama, Andrew K. Tusubira, Susan Kizito, Rawlance Ndejjo, Marc Bosonkie, Landry Egbende, Berthold Bondo, Mala Ali Mapatano, Ibrahima Seck, Oumar Bassoum, Mamadou MM Leye, Issakha Diallo, Olufunmilayo I. Fawole, Segun Bello, Mobolaji M Salawu, Eniola A Bamgboye, Magbagbeola David Dairo, Ayo Steven Adebowale, Rotimi . F Afolabi, and Rhoda K. Wanyenze
Subjects: Health workforce, Incentives, Dis-incentives, COVID-19, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic presented a myriad of challenges for the health workforce around the world due to its escalating demand on service delivery. A motivated health workforce is critical to effectual emergency response and in some settings, incentivizing health workers motivates them and ensures continuity in the provision of health services. We describe health workforce experiences with incentives and dis-incentives during the COVID-19 response in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Senegal, Nigeria, and Uganda. Methods This is a multi-country qualitative research study involving four African countries namely: DRC, Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda which assessed the workplace incentives instituted in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Key informant interviews (n = 60) were conducted with staff at ministries of health, policy makers and health workers. Interviews were virtual using the telephone or Zoom. They were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed thematically. Themes were identified and quotes were used to support findings. Results Health worker incentives included (i) financial rewards in the form of allowances and salary increments. These motivated health workers, sustaining the health system and the health workers’ efforts during the COVID-19 response across the four countries. (ii) Non-financial incentives related to COVID-19 management such as provision of medicines/supplies, on the job trainings, medical care for health workers, social welfare including meals, transportation and housing, recognition, health insurance, psychosocial support, and supervision. Improvised determination and distribution of both financial and non-financial incentives were common across the countries. Dis-incentives included the lack of personal protective equipment, lack of transportation to health facilities during lockdown, long working hours, harassment by security forces and perceived unfairness in access to and inadequacy of financial incentives. Conclusion Although important for worker motivation, financial and non-financial incentives generated some dis-incentives because of the perceived unfairness in their provision. Financial and non-financial incentives deployed during health emergencies should preferably be pre-determined, equitably and transparently provided because when arbitrarily applied, these same financial and non-financial incentives can potentially become dis-incentives. Moreover, financial incentives are useful only as far as they are administered together with non-financial incentives such as supportive and well-resourced work environments. The potential negative impacts of interventions such as service delivery re-organization and lockdown within already weakened systems need to be anticipated and due precautions exercised to reduce dis-incentives during emergencies.
Published: 2024
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169. Process optimization of superior biosorption capacity of biogenic oyster shells nanoparticles for Congo red and Bromothymol blue dyes removal from aqueous solution: Response surface methodology, equilibrium isotherm, kinetic, and reusability studies

Author: Abdulrahman Oyekanmi Adeleke, R.C. Omar, Kamil Kayode Katibi, Temitope T. Dele-Afolabi, Akil Ahmad, Junaid Olawale Quazim, Abiodun A. Amusa, and Mohammed B. Alshammari
Subjects: Oyster shell wastes, Nanoparticle, Dyes, Adsorption, Isotherm, Kinetic, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: The essential use of natural materials or microbial biomass for effective dye removal from water, combined with simultaneous antimicrobial activity, is crucial for environmental and biomedical applications. Functionalized oyster shell waste nanoparticles (OY-NPs) were synthesized and utilized for efficient biosorption of Congo red (CR) and bromothymol blue (BB) dyes from solution, exhibiting promising antibacterial properties against gram-negative bacteria, specifically Escherichia coli (E. coli), in wastewater. Employing response surface methodology and central composite design, the impact of key process variables; pH, initial concentration, time, and adsorbent doses were investigated. Characterization through scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform irradiation, and x-ray diffraction analyses revealed mesoporous crystalline structures rich in CaCO3, featuring prominent functional groups such as C–O, CO, and O-H. Optimization of batch experiments yielded peak efficiency at pH 3.3, initial concentration of 72.34 mg/L, contact time of 84.44 min, and a dosage of 0.1 for CR and BB, achieving a desirability coefficient of 1.0. Equilibrium studies aligned with the Langmuir isotherm model determined coefficient (R2 > 0.977), while kinetic experiments correlated well with the pseudo-second-order model (R2 > 0.9). OY-NPs demonstrated optimal adsorption capacities of 84.77 and 180.61 mg/g for CR and BB, respectively, with spontaneous and endothermic removal. Reusability studies showcased consistently high adsorption efficiency over 5 cycles, highlighting the eco-friendly and recyclable potential of OY-NPs for wastewater treatment applications. The observed antibacterial activity further supports their suitability for antimicrobial applications.
Published: 2024
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170. Insight into antioxidant-like activity and computational exploration of identified bioactive compounds in Talinum triangulare (Jacq.) aqueous extract as potential cholinesterase inhibitors

Author: Olakunle Bamikole Afolabi, Oluwaseun Ruth Olasehinde, Olutunmise Victoria Owolabi, Kikelomo Folake Jaiyesimi, Funmilayo Deborah Adewumi, Olajumoke Tolulope Idowu, Samson Olatunde Mabayoje, Adejoke Olukayode Obajuluwa, and Oghenerobor Benjamin Akpor
Subjects: Cholinesterase inhibitors, Talinum triangulare, Phytonutrients, Alzheimer’s disease, Drug development, Other systems of medicine, RZ201-999
Abstract: Abstract Background Recent reports have highlighted the significance of plant bioactive components in drug development targeting neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Thus, the current study assessed antioxidant activity and enzyme inhibitory activity of the aqueous extract of Talinum triangulare leave (AETt) as well as molecular docking/simulation of the identified phytonutrients against human cholinesterase activities. Methods In vitro assays were carried out to assess the 2,2- azinobis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) cation radicals and cholinesterase inhibitory activities of AETt using standard protocols. High performance liquid chromatography coupled with diode-array detection (HPLC–DAD) was employed to identify compounds in AETt. Also, for computational analysis, identified bioactive compounds from AETt were docked using Schrodinger's GLIDE against human cholinesterase obtained from the protein data bank ( https://www.rcsb.org/ ). Results The results revealed that AETt exhibited a significant concentration-dependent inhibition against ABTS cation radicals (IC50 = 308.26 ± 4.36 µg/ml) with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) as the reference. Similarly, AETt demonstrated a significant inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE, IC50 = 326.49 ± 2.01 µg/ml) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, IC50 = 219.86 ± 4.13 µg/ml) activities with galanthamine as the control. Molecular docking and simulation analyses revealed rutin and quercetin as potential hits from AETt, having showed strong binding energies for both the AChE and BChE. In addition, these findings were substantiated by analyses, including radius of gyration, root mean square fluctuation, root mean square deviation, as well as mode similarity and principal component analyses. Conclusion Overall, this study offers valuable insights into the interactions and dynamics of protein–ligand complexes, offering a basis for further drug development targeting these proteins in AD.
Published: 2024
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171. Sensitivity analysis of Typhoid Fever model with Saturated Incidence rate.

Author: Kehinde Bashiru, Mutairu Kolawole, Taiwo Ojurongbe, Mutiu Olaosebikan, Nureni Adeboye, and Habeeb Afolabi
Subjects: typhoid fever, saturated incident rate, sensitivity analysis, stability, Mathematics, QA1-939
Abstract: In this study, a dynamic model for typhoid fever incorporating protection against infection in the presence of saturated incidence rate is proposed. The existence and uniqueness solution is proved in order to ascertain the existence of the model. Stability analysis of endemic and disease free equilibrium was carried out to investigate the dynamic behavior of the transmission of the disease in a given population. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to detect the impact of the parameters of the reproductive number and which parameters should focus as a control intervention. Numerical simulation of the model was carried out and the result is presented graphically, the result shows that an increase in the probability of the sources of protection and sociology factor dictate low disease prevalence in a population.
Published: 2024
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172. Global burden and strength of evidence for 88 risk factors in 204 countries and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Brauer, Michael, Roth, Gregory A, Aravkin, Aleksandr Y, Zheng, Peng, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasi, Madineh Akram, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasifard, Mitra, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdi, Parsa, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Armita, Abegaz, Tadesse M, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Abiodun, Olumide, Abiso, Temesgen Lera, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abukhadijah, Hana Jihad Jihad, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Adane, Mesafint Molla, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adedoyin, Rufus Adesoji, Adekanmbi, Victor, Aden, Bashir, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adha, Rishan, Adibi, Amin, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adzigbli, Leticia Akua, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afolabi, Rotimi Felix, Afshin, Ashkan, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika, Agbozo, Faith, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Noah, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Anisuddin, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Safoora, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akhlaghi, Shiva, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akkala, Sreelatha, Akombi-Inyang, Blessing, Al Awaidy, Salah, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Alahdab, Fares, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Alalwan, Tariq A, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Nazmul, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albakri, Almaza, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Aldhaleei, Wafa A, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemayohu, Mulubirhan Assefa, Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta, Al-Fatly, Bassam, Al-Gheethi, Adel Ali Saeed, Al-Habbal, Khairat, Alhabib, Khalid F, Alhassan, Robert Kaba, Ali, Abid, Ali, Amjad, Ali, Beriwan Abdulqadir, Ali, Iman, Ali, Liaqat, Ali, Mohammed Usman, Ali, Rafat, Ali, Syed Shujait Shujait, Ali, Waad, Alicandro, Gianfranco, Alif, Sheikh Mohammad, Aljunid, Syed Mohamed, Alla, François, Al-Marwani, Sabah, Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M, Almustanyir, Sami, Alomari, Mahmoud A, Alonso, Jordi, Alqahtani, Jaber S, Alqutaibi, Ahmed Yaseen, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M, Alrawashdeh, Ahmad, Al-Rifai, Rami Hani, Alrousan, Sahel Majed, Al-Sabah, Salman Khalifah, Alshahrani, Najim Z, Altaany, Zaid, Altaf, Awais, Al-Tawfiq, Jaffar A, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Aluh, Deborah Oyine, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J, Alwafi, Hassan, Al-Wardat, Mohammad Sami, Al-Worafi, Yaser Mohammed, Aly, Hany, Aly, Safwat, Alzoubi, Karem H, Al-Zyoud, Walid, Amaechi, Uchenna Anderson, Aman Mohammadi, Masous, Amani, Reza, Amiri, Sohrab, Amirzade-Iranaq, Mohammad Hosein, Ammirati, Enrico, Amu, Hubert, Amugsi, Dickson A, Amusa, Ganiyu Adeniyi, Ancuceanu, Robert, Anderlini, Deanna, Anderson, Jason A, Andrade, Pedro Prata, Andrei, Catalina Liliana, Andrei, Tudorel, Anenberg, Susan C, Angappan, Dhanalakshmi, Angus, Colin, Anil, Abhishek, Anil, Sneha, Anjum, Afifa, Anoushiravani, Amir, Antonazzo, Ippazio Cosimo, Antony, Catherine M, Antriyandarti, Ernoiz, Anuoluwa, Boluwatife Stephen, Anvari, Davood, Anvari, Saeid, Anwar, Saleha, Anwar, Sumadi Lukman, Anwer, Razique, Anyabolo, Ekenedilichukwu Emmanuel, Anyasodor, Anayochukwu Edward, Apostol, Geminn Louis Carace, Arabloo, Jalal, Arabzadeh Bahri, Razman, Arafat, Mosab, Areda, Demelash, Aregawi, Brhane Berhe, Aremu, Abdulfatai, Armocida, Benedetta, Arndt, Michael Benjamin, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arooj, Mahwish, Artamonov, Anton A, Artanti, Kurnia Dwi, Aruleba, Idowu Thomas, Arumugam, Ashokan, Asbeutah, Akram M, Asgary, Saeed, Asgedom, Akeza Awealom, Ashbaugh, Charlie, Ashemo, Mubarek Yesse, Ashraf, Tahira, Askarinejad, Amir, Assmus, Michael, Astell-Burt, Thomas, Athar, Mohammad, Athari, Seyyed Shamsadin, Atorkey, Prince, Atreya, Alok, Aujayeb, Avinash, Ausloos, Marcel, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Awoke, Andargie Abate, Ayala Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina, Ayatollahi, Haleh, Ayestas Portugal, Carlos, Ayuso-Mateos, Jose L, Azadnajafabad, Sina, Azevedo, Rui M S, Azhar, Gulrez Shah, Azizi, Hosein, Azzam, Ahmed Y, Backhaus, Insa Linnea, Badar, Muhammad, Badiye, Ashish D, Bagga, Arvind, Baghdadi, Soroush, Bagheri, Nasser, Bagherieh, Sara, Bahrami Taghanaki, Pegah, Bai, Ruhai, Baig, Atif Amin, Baker, Jennifer L, Bakkannavar, Shankar M, Balasubramanian, Madhan, Baltatu, Ovidiu Constantin, Bam, Kiran, Bandyopadhyay, Soham, Banik, Biswajit, Banik, Palash Chandra, Banke-Thomas, Aduragbemi, Bansal, Hansi, Barchitta, Martina, Bardhan, Mainak, Bardideh, Erfan, Barker-Collo, Suzanne Lyn, Bärnighausen, Till Winfried, Barone-Adesi, Francesco, Barqawi, Hiba Jawdat, Barrero, Lope H, Barrow, Amadou, Barteit, Sandra, Basharat, Zarrin, Basiru, Afisu, Basso, João Diogo, Bastan, Mohammad-Mahdi, Basu, Sanjay, Batchu, Sai, Batra, Kavita, Batra, Ravi, Baune, Bernhard T, Bayati, Mohsen, Bayileyegn, Nebiyou Simegnew, Beaney, Thomas, Behnoush, Amir Hossein, Beiranvand, Maryam, Béjot, Yannick, Bekele, Alehegn, Belgaumi, Uzma Iqbal, Bell, Arielle Wilder, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Muhammad Bashir, Bello, Olorunjuwon Omolaja, Belo, Luis, Beloukas, Apostolos, Bendak, Salaheddine, Bennett, Derrick A, Bennitt, Fiona B, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benzian, Habib, Beran, Azizullah, Berezvai, Zombor, Bernabe, Eduardo, Bernstein, Robert S, Bettencourt, Paulo J G, Bhagavathula, Akshaya Srikanth, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhandari, Dinesh, Bhardwaj, Nikha, Bhardwaj, Pankaj, Bhaskar, Sonu, Bhat, Ajay Nagesh, Bhat, Vivek, Bhatti, Gurjit Kaur, Bhatti, Jasvinder Singh, Bhatti, Manpreet S, Bhatti, Rajbir, Bhuiyan, Mohiuddin Ahmed, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bikbov, Boris, Bishai, Jessica Devin, Bisignano, Catherine, Biswas, Atanu, Biswas, Bijit, Biswas, Raaj Kishore, Bjørge, Tone, Boachie, Micheal Kofi, Boakye, Hosea, Bockarie, Moses John, Bodolica, Virginia, Bodunrin, Aadam Olalekan, Bogale, Eyob Ketema, Bolla, Srinivasa Rao, Boloor, Archith, Bonakdar Hashemi, Milad, Boppana, Sri Harsha, Bora Basara, Berrak, Borhany, Hamed, Botero Carvajal, Alejandro, Bouaoud, Souad, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert, Boxe, Christopher, Braithwaite, Dejana, Brant, Luisa C, Brar, Amanpreet, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Breitner, Susanne, Brenner, Hermann, Briko, Andrey Nikolaevich, Britton, Gabrielle, Brown, Colin Stewart, Browne, Annie J, Brunoni, Andre R, Bryazka, Dana, Bulamu, Norma B, Bulto, Lemma N, Buonsenso, Danilo, Burkart, Katrin, Burns, Richard A, Busse, Reinhard, Bustanji, Yasser, Butt, Nadeem Shafique, Butt, Zahid A, Caetano dos Santos, Florentino Luciano, Cagney, Jack, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Calina, Daniela, Cámera, Luis Alberto, Campos, Luciana Aparecida, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Cao, Chao, Cao, Fan, Cao, Yubin, Capodici, Angelo, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carr, Sinclair, Carreras, Giulia, Carrero, Juan J, Carugno, Andrea, Carvalho, Felix, Carvalho, Márcia, Castaldelli-Maia, Joao Mauricio, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castelpietra, Giulio, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Catapano, Alberico L, Cattaruzza, Maria Sofia, Caye, Arthur, Cederroth, Christopher R, Cegolon, Luca, Cenderadewi, Muthia, Cercy, Kelly M, Cerin, Ester, Chadwick, Joshua, Chakraborty, Chiranjib, Chakraborty, Promit Ananyo, Chakraborty, Sandip, Chan, Jeffrey Shi Kai, Chan, Raymond N C, Chandan, Joht Singh, Chandika, Rama Mohan, Chaturvedi, Pankaj, Chen, An-Tian, Chen, Catherine S, Chen, Haowei, Chen, Meng Xuan, Chen, Mingling, Chen, Simiao, Cheng, Ching-Yu, Cheng, Esther T W, Cherbuin, Nicolas, Chi, Gerald, Chichagi, Fatemeh, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chimoriya, Ritesh, Ching, Patrick R, Chirinos-Caceres, Jesus Lorenzo, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Cho, William C S, Chong, Bryan, Chopra, Hitesh, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christopher, Devasahayam J, Chu, Dinh-Toi, Chukwu, Isaac Sunday, Chung, Eric, Chung, Sheng-Chia, Chutiyami, Muhammad, Cioffi, Iolanda, Cogen, Rebecca M, Cohen, Aaron J, Columbus, Alyssa, Conde, Joao, Corlateanu, Alexandru, Cortese, Samuele, Cortesi, Paolo Angelo, Costa, Vera Marisa, Costanzo, Simona, Criqui, Michael H, Cruz, Jessica A, Cruz-Martins, Natália, Culbreth, Garland T, da Silva, Alanna Gomes, Dadras, Omid, Dai, Xiaochen, Dai, Zhaoli, Daikwo, Patience Unekwuojo, Dalli, Lachlan L, Damiani, Giovanni, D'Amico, Emanuele, D'Anna, Lucio, Darwesh, Aso Mohammad, Das, Jai K, Das, Subasish, Dash, Nihar Ranjan, Dashti, Mohsen, Dávila-Cervantes, Claudio Alberto, Davis Weaver, Nicole, Davitoiu, Dragos Virgil, De la Hoz, Fernando Pio, de la Torre-Luque, Alejandro, De Leo, Diego, Debopadhaya, Shayom, Degenhardt, Louisa, Del Bo', Cristian, Delgado-Enciso, Ivan, Delgado-Saborit, Juana Maria, Demoze, Chalachew Kassaw, Denova-Gutiérrez, Edgar, Dervenis, Nikolaos, Dervišević, Emina, Desai, Hardik Dineshbhai, Desai, Rupak, Devanbu, Vinoth Gnana Chellaiyan, Dewan, Syed Masudur Rahman, Dhali, Arkadeep, Dhama, Kuldeep, Dhane, Amol S, Dhimal, Mandira Lamichhane, Dhimal, Meghnath, Dhingra, Sameer, Dhulipala, Vishal R, Dhungana, Raja Ram, Dias da Silva, Diana, Diaz, Daniel, Diaz, Luis Antonio, Diaz, Michael J, Dima, Adriana, Ding, Delaney D, Dinu, Monica, Djalalinia, Shirin, Do, Thanh Chi, Do, Thao Huynh Phuong, do Prado, Camila Bruneli, Dodangeh, Masoud, Dohare, Sushil, Dokova, Klara Georgieva, Dong, Wanyue, Dongarwar, Deepa, D'Oria, Mario, Dorostkar, Fariba, Dorsey, E Ray, Doshi, Rajkumar, Doshmangir, Leila, Dowou, Robert Kokou, Driscoll, Tim Robert, Dsouza, Ashel Chelsea, Dsouza, Haneil Larson, Dumith, Samuel C, Duncan, Bruce B, Duraes, Andre Rodrigues, Duraisamy, Senbagam, Dushpanova, Anar, Dzianach, Paulina Agnieszka, Dziedzic, Arkadiusz Marian, Ebrahimi, Alireza, Echieh, Chidiebere Peter, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Edinur, Hisham Atan, Edvardsson, David, Edvardsson, Kristina, Efendi, Ferry, Eftekharimehrabad, Aziz, Eini, Ebrahim, Ekholuenetale, Michael, Ekundayo, Temitope Cyrus, El Arab, Rabie Adel, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, El-Dahiyat, Faris, Elemam, Noha Mousaad, Elgar, Frank J, ElGohary, Ghada Metwally Tawfik, Elhabashy, Hala Rashad, Elhadi, Muhammed, Elmehrath, Ahmed O, Elmeligy, Omar Abdelsadek Abdou, Elshaer, Mohammed, Elsohaby, Ibrahim, Emeto, Theophilus I, Esfandiari, Negin, Eshrati, Babak, Eslami, Majid, Esmaeili, Sayed Vahid, Estep, Kara, Etaee, Farshid, Fabin, Natalia, Fagbamigbe, Adeniyi Francis, Fagbule, Omotayo Francis, Fahimi, Saman, Falzone, Luca, Fareed, Mohammad, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sá, Faris, MoezAlIslam Ezzat Mahmoud, Faris, Pawan Sirwan, Faro, Andre, Fasina, Folorunso Oludayo, Fatehizadeh, Ali, Fauk, Nelsensius Klau, Fazylov, Timur, Feigin, Valery L, Feng, Xiaoqi, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Feroze, Abdullah Hamid, Ferrara, Pietro, Ferrari, Alize J, Ferreira, Nuno, Fetensa, Getahun, Feyisa, Bikila Regassa, Filip, Irina, Fischer, Florian, Fitriana, Ida, Flavel, Joanne, Flohr, Carsten, Flood, David, Flor, Luisa S, Foigt, Nataliya A, Folayan, Morenike Oluwatoyin, Force, Lisa M, Fortuna, Daniela, Foschi, Matteo, Franklin, Richard Charles, Freitas, Alberto, Friedman, Sara D, Fux, Blima, G, Sridevi, Gaal, Peter Andras, Gaihre, Santosh, Gajdács, Márió, Galali, Yaseen, Gallus, Silvano, Gandhi, Aravind P, Ganesan, Balasankar, Ganiyani, Mohammad Arfat, Garcia, Vanessa, Gardner, William M, Garg, Ravindra K, Gautam, Rupesh K, Gebi, Tilaye Gebru, Gebregergis, Miglas W, Gebrehiwot, Mesfin, Gebremariam, Tesfay B B, Gebremeskel, Teferi Gebru, Gerema, Urge, Getacher, Lemma, Getahun, Genanew K a, Getie, Molla, Ghadirian, Fataneh, Ghafarian, Sadegh, Ghaffari Jolfayi, Amir, Ghailan, Khalid Yaser, Ghajar, Alireza, Ghasemi, MohammadReza, Ghasempour Dabaghi, Ghazal, Ghasemzadeh, Afsaneh, Ghassemi, Fariba, Ghazy, Ramy Mohamed, Gholami, Ali, Gholamrezanezhad, Ali, Gholizadeh, Nasim, Ghorbani, Mahsa, Gil, Artyom Urievich, Gil, Gabriela Fernanda, Gilbertson, Nora M, Gill, Paramjit Singh, Gill, Tiffany K, Gindaba, Ebisa Zerihun, Girmay, Alem, Glasbey, James C, Gnedovskaya, Elena V, Göbölös, Laszlo, Godinho, Myron Anthony, Goel, Amit, Golechha, Mahaveer, Goleij, Pouya, Golinelli, Davide, Gomes, Nelson G M, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gorini, Giuseppe, Goudarzi, Houman, Goulart, Alessandra C, Gouravani, Mahdi, Goyal, Anmol, Graham, Simon Matthew, Grivna, Michal, Grosso, Giuseppe, Guan, Shi-Yang, Guarducci, Giovanni, Gubari, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohialdeen, Guha, Avirup, Guicciardi, Stefano, Gulati, Snigdha, Gulisashvili, David, Gunawardane, Damitha Asanga, Guo, Cui, Gupta, Anish Kumar, Gupta, Bhawna, Gupta, Mohak, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajat Das, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Sapna, Gupta, Veer Bala, Gupta, Vijai Kumar, Gupta, Vivek Kumar, Habibzadeh, Farrokh, Habibzadeh, Parham, Hadaro, Tesfahun Simon, Hadian, Zahra, Haep, Nils, Haghi-Aminjan, Hamed, Haghmorad, Dariush, Hagins, Hailey, Haile, Demewoz, Hailu, Alemayehu, Hajj Ali, Adel, Halboub, Esam S, Halimi, Aram, Hall, Brian J, Haller, Sebastian, Halwani, Rabih, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamdy, Nadia M, Hameed, Sajid, Hamidi, Samer, Hammoud, Ahmad, Hanif, Asif, Hanifi, Nasrin, Haq, Zaim Anan, Haque, Md Rabiul, Harapan, Harapan, Hargono, Arief, Haro, Josep Maria, Hasaballah, Ahmed I, Hasan, Ikramul, Hasan, Mohammad Jahid, Hasan, S M Mahmudul, Hasani, Hamidreza, Hasanian, Mohammad, Hashmeh, Nadim, Hasnain, Md Saquib, Hassan, Amr, Hassan, Ikrama, Hassan Zadeh Tabatabaei, Mahgol Sadat, Hassani, Shokoufeh, Hassanipour, Soheil, Hassankhani, Hadi, Haubold, Johannes, Havmoeller, Rasmus J, Hay, Simon I, Hebert, Jeffrey J, Hegazi, Omar E, Hegena, Tadele Yohannes, Heidari, Golnaz, Heidari, Mohammad, Helfer, Bartosz, Hemmati, Mehdi, Henson, Claire A, Herbert, Molly E, Herteliu, Claudiu, Heuer, Austin, Hezam, Kamal, Hinneh, Thomas Kwadwo, Hiraike, Yuta, Hoan, Nguyen Quoc, Holla, Ramesh, Hon, Julia, Hoque, Mohammad Enamul, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hossain, Sahadat, Hosseini, Seyed Ehsan, 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Samer H, Murray, Christopher J L, and Gakidou, Emmanuela
Published: 2024
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173. Global age-sex-specific mortality, life expectancy, and population estimates in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1950–2021, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic: a comprehensive demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Schumacher, Austin E, Kyu, Hmwe Hmwe, Aali, Amirali, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Jaffar, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasi, Madineh Akram, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdelwahab, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abdurehman, Ame Mehadi, Abebe, Mesfin, Abedi, Aidin, Abedi, Armita, Abegaz, Tadesse M, Abeldaño Zuñiga, Roberto Ariel, Abhilash, E S, Abiodun, Olugbenga Olusola, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abouzid, Mohamed, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abrigo, Michael R M, Abtahi, Dariush, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Acuna, Juan Manuel, Adair, Tim, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Adebayo, Oladimeji M, Adegboye, Oyelola A, Adekanmbi, Victor, Aden, Bashir, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adeyomoye, Olorunsola Israel, Adha, Rishan, Adibi, Amin, Adikusuma, Wirawan, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afework, Abel, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afraz, Ali, Afyouni, Shadi, Afzal, Saira, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agodi, Antonella, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmadzade, Mohadese, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Ajumobi, Olufemi, Akalu, Gizachew Taddesse, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akkala, Sreelatha, Akyirem, Samuel, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, Al Homsi, Ammar, Al Qadire, Mohammad, Ala, Moein, Aladelusi, Timothy Olukunle, AL-Ahdal, Tareq Mohammed Ali, Alalalmeh, Samer O, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Manjurul, Alam, Zufishan, Al-amer, Rasmieh Mustafa, Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour, Alanzi, Turki M, Albashtawy, Mohammed, AlBataineh, Mohammad T, Aldridge, Robert W, Alemi, Sharifullah, 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Published: 2024
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174. Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990–2021: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021

Author: Naghavi, Mohsen, Ong, Kanyin Liane, Aali, Amirali, Ababneh, Hazim S, Abate, Yohannes Habtegiorgis, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbasgholizadeh, Rouzbeh, Abbasian, Mohammadreza, Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen, Abbastabar, Hedayat, Abd ElHafeez, Samar, Abdelmasseh, Michael, Abd-Elsalam, Sherief, Abdelwahab, Ahmed, Abdollahi, Mohammad, Abdollahifar, Mohammad-Amin, Abdoun, Meriem, Abdulah, Deldar Morad, Abdullahi, Auwal, Abebe, Mesfin, Abebe, Samrawit Shawel, Abedi, Aidin, Abegaz, Kedir Hussein, Abhilash, E S, Abidi, Hassan, Abiodun, Olumide, Aboagye, Richard Gyan, Abolhassani, Hassan, Abolmaali, Meysam, Abouzid, Mohamed, Aboye, Girma Beressa, Abreu, Lucas Guimarães, Abrha, Woldu Aberhe, Abtahi, Dariush, Abu Rumeileh, Samir, Abualruz, Hasan, Abubakar, Bilyaminu, Abu-Gharbieh, Eman, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburuz, Salahdein, Abu-Zaid, Ahmed, Accrombessi, Manfred Mario Kokou, Adal, Tadele Girum, Adamu, Abdu A, Addo, Isaac Yeboah, Addolorato, Giovanni, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adekanmbi, Victor, Adepoju, Abiola Victor, Adetunji, Charles Oluwaseun, Adetunji, Juliana Bunmi, Adeyeoluwa, Temitayo Esther, Adeyinka, Daniel Adedayo, Adeyomoye, Olorunsola Israel, Admass, Biruk Adie Adie, Adnani, Qorinah Estiningtyas Sakilah, Adra, Saryia, Afolabi, Aanuoluwapo Adeyimika, Afzal, Muhammad Sohail, Afzal, Saira, Agampodi, Suneth Buddhika, Agasthi, Pradyumna, Aggarwal, Manik, Aghamiri, Shahin, Agide, Feleke Doyore, Agodi, Antonella, Agrawal, Anurag, Agyemang-Duah, Williams, Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku, Ahmad, Aqeel, Ahmad, Danish, Ahmad, Firdos, Ahmad, Muayyad M, Ahmad, Sajjad, Ahmad, Shahzaib, Ahmad, Tauseef, Ahmadi, Keivan, Ahmadzade, Amir Mahmoud, Ahmed, Ali, Ahmed, Ayman, Ahmed, Haroon, Ahmed, Luai A, Ahmed, Mehrunnisha Sharif, Ahmed, Meqdad Saleh, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Ahmed, Syed Anees, Ajami, Marjan, Aji, Budi, Akara, Essona Matatom, Akbarialiabad, Hossein, Akinosoglou, Karolina, Akinyemiju, Tomi, Akkaif, Mohammed Ahmed, Akyirem, Samuel, Al Hamad, Hanadi, Al Hasan, Syed Mahfuz, 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Sarikhani, Yaser, Sarkar, Tanmay, Sarmiento-Suárez, Rodrigo, Sarode, Gargi Sachin, Sarode, Sachin C, Sarveazad, Arash, Sathian, Brijesh, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sayeed, Abu, Sayeed, Md Abu, Saylan, Mete, Sayyah, Mehdi, Scarmeas, Nikolaos, Schaarschmidt, Benedikt Michael, Schlaich, Markus P, Schlee, Winfried, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione Jayce Ceola, Schuermans, Art, Schumacher, Austin E, Schutte, Aletta Elisabeth, Schwarzinger, Michaël, Schwebel, David C, Schwendicke, Falk, Šekerija, Mario, Selvaraj, Siddharthan, Senapati, Sabyasachi, Senthilkumaran, Subramanian, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serban, Dragos, Sethi, Yashendra, Sha, Feng, Shabany, Maryam, Shafaat, Amir, Shafie, Mahan, Shah, Nilay S, Shah, Pritik A, Shah, Syed Mahboob, Shahabi, Saeed, Shahbandi, Ataollah, Shahid, Izza, Shahid, Samiah, Shahid, Wajeehah, Shahsavari, Hamid R, Shahwan, Moyad Jamal, Shaikh, Ahmed, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shakeri, Alireza, Shalash, Ali S, Sham, Sunder, Shamim, Muhammad Aaqib, Shams-Beyranvand, Mehran, Shamshad, Hina, Shamsi, Mohammad Anas, Shanawaz, Mohd, Shankar, Abhishek, Sharfaei, Sadaf, Sharifan, Amin, Sharifi-Rad, Javad, Sharma, Rajesh, Sharma, Saurab, Sharma, Ujjawal, Sharma, Vishal, Shastry, Rajesh P, Shavandi, Amin, Shayan, Maryam, Shehabeldine, Amr Mohamed Elsayed, Sheikh, Aziz, Sheikhi, Rahim Ali, Shen, Jiabin, Shetty, Adithi, Shetty, B Suresh Kumar, Shetty, Pavanchand H, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shiferaw, Desalegn, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shin, Youn Ho, Shiri, Rahman, Shirkoohi, Reza, Shitaye, Nebiyu Aniley, Shittu, Aminu, Shiue, Ivy, Shivakumar, K M, Shivarov, Velizar, Shokraneh, Farhad, Shokri, Azad, Shool, Sina, Shorofi, Seyed Afshin, Shrestha, Sunil, Shuval, Kerem, Siddig, Emmanuel Edwar, Silva, João Pedro, Silva, Luís Manuel Lopes Rodrigues, Silva, Soraia, Simpson, Colin R, Singal, Anjali, Singh, Abhinav, Singh, Balbir Bagicha, Singh, Garima, Singh, Jasbir, Singh, Narinder Pal, Singh, Paramdeep, Singh, Surjit, Sinha, Dhirendra Narain, Sinto, Robert, Siraj, Md Shahjahan, Sirota, Sarah Brooke, Sitas, Freddy, Sivakumar, Shravan, Skryabin, Valentin Yurievich, Skryabina, Anna Aleksandrovna, Sleet, David A, Socea, Bogdan, Sokhan, Anton, Solanki, Ranjan, Solanki, Shipra, Soleimani, Hamidreza, Soliman, Sameh S M, Song, Suhang, Song, Yimeng, Sorensen, Reed J D, Soriano, Joan B, Soyiri, Ireneous N, Spartalis, Michael, Spearman, Sandra, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Srivastava, Vijay Kumar, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stanikzai, Muhammad Haroon, Stark, Benjamin A, Starnes, Joseph R, Starodubova, Antonina V, Stein, Caroline, Stein, Dan J, Steinbeis, Fridolin, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinmetz, Jaimie D, Steiropoulos, Paschalis, Stevanović, Aleksandar, Stockfelt, Leo, Stokes, Mark A, Stortecky, Stefan, Subramaniyan, Vetriselvan, Suleman, Muhammad, Suliankatchi Abdulkader, Rizwan, Sultana, Abida, Sun, Haitong Zhe, Sun, Jing, Sundström, Johan, Sunkersing, David, Sunnerhagen, Katharina S, Swain, Chandan Kumar, Szarpak, Lukasz, Szeto, Mindy D, Szócska, Miklós, Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabatabaei, Seyyed Mohammad, Tabatabaei Malazy, Ozra, Tabatabaeizadeh, Seyed-Amir, Tabatabai, Shima, Tabish, Mohammad, TADAKAMADLA, JYOTHI, Tadakamadla, Santosh Kumar, Taheri Abkenar, Yasaman, Taheri Soodejani, Moslem, Taiba, Jabeen, Takahashi, Ken, Talaat, Iman M, Talukder, Ashis, Tampa, Mircea, Tamuzi, Jacques Lukenze, Tan, Ker-Kan, Tandukar, Sarmila, Tang, Haosu, Tang, Hong K, Tarigan, Ingan Ukur, Tariku, Mengistie Kassahun, Tariqujjaman, Md, Tarkang, Elvis Enowbeyang, Tavakoli Oliaee, Razieh, Tavangar, Seyed Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Tefera, Yibekal Manaye, Temsah, Mohamad-Hani, Temsah, Reem Mohamad Hani, Teramoto, Masayuki, Tesler, Riki, Teye-Kwadjo, Enoch, Thakur, Rishu, Thangaraju, Pugazhenthan, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Tharwat, Samar, Thayakaran, Rasiah, Thomas, Nihal, Thomas, Nikhil Kenny, Thomson, Azalea M, Thrift, Amanda G, Thum, Chern Choong Chern, Thygesen, Lau Caspar, Tian, Jing, Tichopad, Ales, Ticoalu, Jansje Henny Vera, Tillawi, Tala, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Titova, Mariya Vladimirovna, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Toriola, Adetunji T, Torre, Anna E, Touvier, Mathilde, Tovani-Palone, Marcos Roberto, Tran, Jasmine T, Tran, Nghia Minh, Trico, Domenico, Tromans, Samuel Joseph, Truyen, Thien Tan Tri Tai, Tsatsakis, Aristidis, Tsegay, Guesh Mebrahtom, Tsermpini, Evangelia Eirini, Tumurkhuu, Munkhtuya, Tung, Kang, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Uddin, Sayed Mohammad Nazim, Udoakang, Aniefiok John, Udoh, Arit, Ullah, Atta, Ullah, Irfan, Ullah, Saeed, Ullah, Sana, Umakanthan, Srikanth, Umeokonkwo, Chukwuma David, Unim, Brigid, Unnikrishnan, Bhaskaran, Unsworth, Carolyn Anne, Upadhyay, Era, Urso, Daniele, Usman, Jibrin Sammani, Vahabi, Seyed Mohammad, Vaithinathan, Asokan Govindaraj, Valizadeh, Rohollah, Van de Velde, Sarah M, Van den Eynde, Jef, Varga, Orsolya, Vart, Priya, Varthya, Shoban Babu, Vasankari, Tommi Juhani, Vasic, Milena, Vaziri, Siavash, Vellingiri, Balachandar, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verghese, Nicholas Alexander, Verma, Madhur, Veroux, Massimiliano, Verras, Georgios-Ioannis, Vervoort, Dominique, Villafañe, Jorge Hugo, Villanueva, Gabriela Ines, Vinayak, Manish, Violante, Francesco S, Viskadourou, Maria, Vladimirov, Sergey Konstantinovitch, Vlassov, Vasily, Vo, Bay, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vongpradith, Avina, Vos, Theo, Vujcic, Isidora S, Vukovic, Rade, Wafa, Hatem A, Waheed, Yasir, Wamai, Richard G, Wang, Cong, Wang, Ning, Wang, Shu, Wang, Song, Wang, Yanzhong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Waqas, Muhammad, Ward, Paul, Wassie, Emebet Gashaw, Watson, Stefanie, Watson, Stephanie Louise Watson, Weerakoon, Kosala Gayan, Wei, Melissa Y, Weintraub, Robert G, Weiss, Daniel J, Westerman, Ronny, Whisnant, Joanna L, Wiangkham, Taweewat, Wickramasinghe, Dakshitha Praneeth, Wickramasinghe, Nuwan Darshana, Wilandika, Angga, Wilkerson, Caroline, Willeit, Peter, Wilson, Shadrach, Wojewodzic, Marcin W, Woldegebreal, Demewoz H, Wolf, Axel Walter, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wondimagegene, Yohannes Addisu, Wong, Yen Jun, Wongsin, Utoomporn, Wu, Ai-Min, Wu, Chenkai, Wu, Felicia, Wu, Xinsheng, Wu, Zenghong, Xia, Juan, Xiao, Hong, Xie, Yang, Xu, Suowen, Xu, Wang-Dong, Xu, Xiaoyue, Xu, Yvonne Yiru, Yadollahpour, Ali, Yamagishi, Kazumasa, Yang, Danting, Yang, Lin, Yano, Yuichiro, Yao, Yao, Yaribeygi, Habib, Ye, Pengpeng, Yehualashet, Sisay Shewasinad, Yesiltepe, Metin, Yesuf, Subah Abderehim, Yezli, Saber, Yi, Siyan, Yigezu, Amanuel, Yiğit, Arzu, Yiğit, Vahit, Yip, Paul, Yismaw, Malede Berihun, Yismaw, Yazachew, Yon, Dong Keon, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, You, Yuyi, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yousefi, Zabihollah, Yu, Chuanhua, Yu, Yong, Yuh, Faith H, Zadey, Siddhesh, Zadnik, Vesna, Zafari, Nima, Zakham, Fathiah, Zaki, Nazar, Zaman, Sojib Bin, Zamora, Nelson, Zand, Ramin, Zangiabadian, Moein, Zar, Heather J, Zare, Iman, Zarrintan, Armin, Zeariya, Mohammed G M, Zeinali, Zahra, Zhang, Haijun, Zhang, Jianrong, Zhang, Jingya, Zhang, Liqun, Zhang, Yunquan, Zhang, Zhi-Jiang, Zhao, Hanqing, Zhong, Chenwen, Zhou, Juexiao, Zhu, Bin, Zhu, Lei, Ziafati, Makan, Zielińska, Magdalena, Zitoun, Osama A, Zoladl, Mohammad, Zou, Zhiyong, Zuhlke, Liesl J, Zumla, Alimuddin, Zweck, Elric, Zyoud, Samer H, Wool, Eve E, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2024
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175. British Food (In)security Policies in Colonial Nigeria and Popular Reactions in the Southwestern and Southeastern Provinces, 1939–45

Author: Afolabi, Abiodun S.
Published: 2024

176. Assessment of the anxiolytic, antidepressant, and antioxidant potential of Parquetina nigrescens (Afzel.) Bullock in Wistar rats

Author: Akinduko, Ayokunmi Adebukola, Salawu, Sule Ola, Akinmoladun, Afolabi Clement, Akindahunsi, Afolabi Akintunde, and Osemwegie, Osarenkhoe Omorefosa
Published: 2024
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177. People living with HIV in Ogun East Senatorial district, Nigeria-a happy and physically active people

Author: Abiodun, Olumide, Amaike, Chikwendu, Oguine, Chibuike A., Ogundipe, Opeoluwa, Afolabi, Ebunoluwa, Afolabi, Aanuoluwa A., and Bamidele, Olabisi T.
Published: 2024
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178. Gold prospectivity mapping using 'SWARA' model on geophysical datasets in parts of Ilesa Schist belt, Southwestern Nigeria

Author: Ayokunle Adewale Akinlalu, Oluwapelumi Idowu Obideyi, Daniel Oluwafunmilade Afolabi, Kola Abdul-Nafiu Adiat, and Oluwamayowa Joseph Adeola
Subjects: Aeromagnetics, Aeroradiometrics, SWARA, Concentration-Area (C-A) Fractal Model, Gold mineralisation, Geology, QE1-996.5, Geophysics. Cosmic physics, QC801-809
Abstract: This study employed a knowledge–driven model (stepwise weight assessment ratio analysis (SWARA)) for the prospectivity mapping of gold in parts of Ilesa Schist belt, Southwestern Nigeria. Aeromagnetic, aero-radiometric and remote sensing (Atmospheric Spaceborne Thermal Emission and reflection Radiometer (ASTER) data) datasets were utilized for this study. Data enhancement techniques were performed on the aeromagnetic data to produce the lineament map of the study area. Also, analyses of the aeroradiometric and ASTER datasets were used in delineating hydrothermally altered zones in the study area. Lithology, lineament density, hydrothermal alteration and slope were the factors considered to produce the gold potential map of the study area using the SWARA model for weight assignment. The study showed that NE–SW trending structures aid the transportation of hydrothermal and mineralizing fluids in the study area. Furthermore, gold mineralisation is observed to occur majorly on the granitoids. From the SWARA model, weight assignment results showed that the factors influencing gold mineralisation in descending order of importance are hydrothermal alteration, lithology, lineament density and slope. The produced gold mineralisation map based on the weight assignment classified the study area into five classes: background, low, moderate, high and very high with the southern, western and northwestern axis of the study area having moderate to very high potential of gold mineralisation. Qualitative validation using mining pits showed 73 % success rate while quantitative validation utilizing linear regression model showed a success rate of 74 % substantiating the reliability of the model.
Published: 2024
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179. Upgrading the versatility of conventional machine tools using the mechatronic approach

Author: Olugbenga Adegbemisola Aderoba, Khumbulani Mpofu, Buliaminu Kareem, Olurotimi Akintunde Dahunsi, Olayinka Oladele Awopetu, and Ilesanmi Afolabi Daniyan
Subjects: Mechatronics, machine tools, dynamic programming, INTEGMAC, Python, integrity, Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General), TA1-2040
Abstract: Production managers seek cost-effective methods to meet the basic requirements of a modern manufacturing system, as several conventional machine tools in most manufacturing industries face abandonment or require upgrades due to challenges related to precision and accuracy. This study presents an innovative mechatronic approach that combines three key machine tool parameters: speed, pressure and alignment modules. It integrates them into conventional machine tools as an integrity upgrading enabler through real-time monitoring. A dynamic programming model was used to obtain the integrity and a generated Python software named INTEGMAC, connected seamlessly with Integrity Evaluator 1.0 hardware to analyze real-time attributes of machine tools. INTEGMAC recommends remedial actions, where necessary, to enhance machine tool integrity and was successfully tested on a Boxford 11-30 Industrial Lathe, which improved the electric motor and spindle speeds, offset and angular misalignment, hydraulic and pneumatic pressure readings to meet the manufacturer’s benchmark specification. These collective modifications resulted in a significant increase in total integrity from 78.24% to 95.78%. Similar comparable results were obtained from follow-up tests to validate the performance of the developed system. This solution is currently applied in the machine tool industry and can also be extended to other industrial machines.
Published: 2024
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180. Measuring decision aid effectiveness for end-of-life care: A systematic review

Author: M. Courtney Hughes, Erin Vernon, Chinenye Egwuonwu, and Oluwatoyosi Afolabi
Subjects: End-of-life care, Decision aids, Systematic review, Advance care planning, Palliative care, Dying, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: Objective: To systematically review research analyzing the effectiveness of decision aids for end-of-life care, including how researchers specifically measure decision aid success. Methods: We conducted a systematic review synthesizing quantitative, qualitative, and mixed-methods study results using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Four databases were searched through February 18, 2023. Inclusion criteria required articles to evaluate end-of-life care decision aids. The review is registered under PROSPERO (#CRD42023408449). Results: A total of 715 articles were initially identified, with 43 meeting the inclusion criteria. Outcome measures identified included decisional conflict, less aggressive care desired, knowledge improvements, communication improvements, tool satisfaction, patient anxiety and well-being, and less aggressive care action completed. The majority of studies reported positive outcomes especially when the decision aid development included International Patient Decision Aid Standards. Conclusion: Research examining end of life care decision aid use consistently reports positive outcomes. Innovation: This review presents data that can guide the next generation of decision aids for end-of-life care, namely using the International Patient Decision Aid Standards in developing tools and showing which tools are effective for helping to prevent the unnecessary suffering that can result when patients' dying preferences are unknown.
Published: 2024
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181. Modelling the properties of composite flour of maize–Pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium for meal production using simplex-centroid design

Author: Bolanle Aishat Akinwande, James Oyedokun, Abiola Esther Olajide, and Olajumoke Esther Afolabi
Subjects: modelling, properties, maize–Pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium flour, meal, Agriculture, Food processing and manufacture, TP368-456
Abstract: AbstractThis study modelled the properties of composite flour of maize and Pleurotus tuber-regium sclerotium (PTS) and the sensory properties of their meal. The simplex-centroid design was used for the experimental design. The properties of composite flour and their meal were determined. The indices indicating the validity of generated models were coefficient of determination (R2) values above 80%, except for swelling index and colour, with the average absolute deviation values close to 0 and bias factor and accuracy factor values approaching 1. The models adequately described the properties studied. The PTS flour improved crude protein and fibre contents, while maize and PTS flours had the synergistic effect of improving the antioxidant properties, of the composite flour. With an increase in maize flour, there was an improvement in taste, texture and overall acceptability of the meal. However, an increase in PTS flour resulted in an increase in colour preference and a decrease in taste, aroma and overall acceptability of the meal. PTS flour could be used to improve maize-based meal for food security, but a functionality-enhancing agent may need to be incorporated into the flour for better properties of the meal.
Published: 2024
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182. Potentials of single nucleotide polymorphisms and genetic diversity studies at HSP90AB1 gene in Nigerian White Fulani, Muturu, and N’Dama cattle breeds

Author: De Campos, John S., Onasanya, Gbolabo O., Ubong, Akpan, T.Yusuff, Afolabi, Adenaike, Adeyemi S., Mohammed, Akinfolarin A., and Ikeobi, Christian O.
Published: 2024
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183. Information Literacy, Libraries, and the Nigerian Public Sphere

Author: Oladokun, Taofeek, primary, Ibitoye, Adelani R., additional, and Afolabi, Toyosi Rachael, additional
Published: 2024
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184. Types of Biobased Nanomaterials

Author: Afolabi, Olusegun Adigun, primary, Turup Pandurangan, Mohan, additional, and Kanny, Krishnan, additional
Published: 2024
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185. Routine sterile glove and instrument change at the time of abdominal wound closure to prevent surgical site infection (ChEETAh): a model-based cost-effectiveness analysis of a pragmatic, cluster-randomised trial in seven low-income and middle-income countries

Author: Kachapila, Mwayi, Oppong, Raymond, Ademuyiwa, Adesoji O., Bhangu, Aneel, Dauda, Risikat, Ghosh, Dhruva N., Kamarajah, Sivesh K, Lawani, Ismail, Medina, Antonio Ramos-De la, Monahan, Mark, Morton, Dion G., Omar, Omar, Picciochi, Maria, Tabiri, Stephen, Roberts, Tracy E., Brocklehurst, Peter, Chakrabortee, Sohini, Glasbey, James, Hardy, Pollyanna, Harrison, Ewen, Lillywhite, Rachel, Magill, Laura, Nepogodiev, Dmitri, Simoes, Joana, Smith, Donna, Kadir, Bryar, Pinkney, Thomas, Brant, Felicity, Li, Elizabeth, Runigamugabo, Emmy, Bahrami-Hessari, Michael, Bywater, Edward, Martinez, Laura, Habumuremyi, Sosthene, Ntirenganya, Faustin, Williams, Emmanuel, Fourtounas, Maria, Melic, Bokossa K. Covalic, Suroy, Atul, Ahogni, Didier, Ahounou, Aristide, Boukari, K. Alassan, Gbehade, Oswald, Hessou, Thierry K, Nindopa, Sinama, Nontonwanou, M.J. Bienvenue, Guessou, Nafissatou Orou, Sambo, Arouna, Tchati, Sorekou Victoire, Tchogo, Affisatou, Tobome, Semevo Romaric, Yanto, Parfait, Gandaho, Isidore, Hadonou, Armel, Hinvo, Simplice, Hodonou, Montcho Adrien, Tamou, Sambo Bio, Lawani, Souliath, Dossou, Francis Moise, Gaou, Antoine, Goudou, Roland, Kouroumta, Marie-Claire, Malade, Enrif, Dikao, Anne stredy Mkoh, Nsilu, Joel Nzuwa, Ogouyemi, Pencome, Akpla, Marcelin, Mitima, Nathan Bisimwa, Kovohouande, Blaise, Loupeda, Stephane Laurent, Agbangla, Mamonde Victorin, Hedefoun, Sena Emmanuel, Mavoha, Thierry, Ngaguene, Juvenal, Rugendabanga, Janvier, Soton, Rish Romaric, Totin, Martin, Agbadebo, Mouhamed, Dewamon, Hubert, Akpo, Irene, Djeto, Martin, Hada, Aissatou, Hollo, Monsede, Houndji, Albert, Houndote, Anasthasie, Hounsa, Sylvestre, Kpatchassou, Expedit, Yome, Hugues, Alidou, Mohamed Moussa, Bara, Eric Jerry, Yovo, B.T. Bonheur Dossou, Guinnou, Robert, Hamadou, Souleymane, Kola, H.Pauline, Moussa, Nabil, Cakpo, Boniface, Etchisse, Lolyta, Hatangimana, Emery, Muhindo, Moise, Sanni, Katia, Yevide, Agossou Barthelemy, Agossou, Hermann, Musengo, Fiston Basirwa, Behanzin, Hulrich, Seto, Djifid Morel, Alia, Bill Armstrong, Alitonou, Arnaud, Mehounou, Y.Edith, Agbanda, Lucien, Attinon, Julien, Hounsou, Nounagnon Rene, Gbassi, Marcel, Adagrah, Aniakwo, Alhassan, Bin Baaba Alhaji, Amoako-Boateng, Mabel Pokuah, Appiah, Anthony Baffour, Asante-Asamani, Alvin, Boakye, Benedict, Debrah, Samuel A, Ganiyu, Rahman Adebisi, Enti, Donald, Koggoh, Patience, Kpankpari, Richard, Opandoh, Isanella Naa M., Manu, Meshach Agyemang, Manu, Maison Patrick Opoku, Mensah, Samuel, Morna, Martin Tangnaa, Nortey, Michael, Nkrumah, John, Ofori, Emmanuel Owusu, Quartson, Elizaberth Mercy, Acquah, Ato Oppong, Adam-Zakariah, Leslie Issa, Asabre, Esther, Boateng, Ruby Acheampong, Koomson, Barbara, Kusiwaa, Ataa, Twerefour, Emmanuel Yaw, Ankomah, James, Assah-Adjei, Frank, Boakye, Anthony Appiah, Fosu, Godfred, Serbeh, Godwin, Gyan, Kofi Yeboah, Nyarko, Isaac Omane, Robertson, Zelda, Acheampong, Dorcas O, Acquaye, Jane, Adinku, Michael, Agbedinu, Kwabena, Agbeko, Anita Eseenam, Amankwa, Emmanuel Gyimah, Amoah, Michael, Amoah, George, Appiah, Juliana, Arthur, Joshua, Ayim, Alex, Ayodeji, Emmanuel Kafui, Boakye-Yiadom, Jonathan, Boateng, Edward Amoah, Dally, Charles, Davor, Anthony, Gyasi-Sarpong, Christian Kofi, Hamidu, Naabo Nuhu Noel, Haruna, Iddrisu, Kwarley, Naa, Lovi, Agbenya Kobla, Nimako, Boateng, Nyadu, Bertina Beauty, Opoku, Dominic, Osabutey, Anita, Sagoe, Robert, Tuffour, Samuel, Tufour, Yaa, Yamoah, Francis Akwaw, Yefieye, Abiboye Cheduko, Yorke, Joseph, Addo, Kwame Gyambibi, Akosa, Enoch Appiah, Boakye, Percy, Coompson, Christian Larbi, Gyamfi, Brian, Kontor, Bismark Effah, Kyeremeh, Christian, Manu, Ruth, Mensah, Elijah, Solae, Friko Ibrahim, Toffah, Gideon Kwasi, Adu-Brobbey, Raphael, Labaran, Abdul-Hamid, Owusu, Junior Atta, Adobea, Vivian, Bennin, Amos, Dankwah, Fred, Doe, Stanley, Kantanka, Ruth Sarfo, Kobby, Ephraim, Larnyor, Hanson, Owusu, Prince Yeboah, Sie-Broni, Clement Ayum, Zume, Marshall, Abantanga, Francis Atindaana, Abdulai, Darling Ramatu, Acquah, Daniel Kwesi, Ayingayure, Emmanuel, Osman, Imoro, Kunfah, Sheba, Limann, Gbana, Mohammed, Shamudeen Ahhassan, Mohammed, Sheriff, Musah, Yakubu, Ofori, Bernard, Owusu, Emmanuel Abem, Saba, Abdul-Hafiz, Seidu, Anwar Sadat, Yakubu, Mustapha, Yenli, Edwin Mwintiereh Ta-ang, Bhatti, Kavita, Dhiman, Jyoti, Dhir, Karan, Hans, Monika, Haque, Parvez D, Jesudason, Esther Daniel Mark, Madankumar, Latha, Mittal, Rohin, Nagomy, Ida, Prasad, Soosan, Dasari, Amos, Jacob, Priya, Kurien, Elizabeth, Mathew, Arpit, Prakash, Danita, Susan, Anju, Varghese, Rose, Ortiz, Reyes Cervantes, Gonzalez, Gonzalo Hernandez, Krauss, Rosa Hernandez, Miguelena, Luis Hernández, Romero, Marco Hurtado, Gomez, Isaac Baltazar, Aguirre, Celina Cuellar, Avendaño, Alejandro Cuevas, Sansores, Luis Dominguez, Mejia, Hector Ortiz, Campo, Laura Urdapilleta Gomez del, Sánchez, Irani Durán, Vazquez, Diana Gonzalez, Lara, Maria Martínez, Maldonado, Laura Martinez Perez, Fuente, Alejandra Nayen Sainz de la, Medina, Antonio Ramos De la, Adeleye, Victoria, Adeniyi, Oluwafunmilayo, Akinajo, Opeyemi, Akinboyewa, David, Alasi, Iyabo, Alakaloko, Felix, Atoyebi, Oluwole, Balogun, Olanrewaju, Belie, Orimisan, Bode, Christopher, Ekwesianya, Andrew, Elebute, Olumide, Ezenwankwo, Francis, Fatuga, Adedeji, Ihediwa, George, Jimoh, Adesola, Kuku, Jubril, Ladipo-Ajayi, Oluwaseun, Makanjuola, Ayomide, Mokwenyei, Olayanju, Nwokocha, Samuel, Ogein, Olubunmi, Ojewola, Rufus, Oladimeji, Abraham, Olajide, Thomas, Oluseye, Oluwaseun, Seyi-Olajide, Justina, Soibi-Harry, Adaiah, Ugwu, Aloy, Abdur-Rahman, Lukman, Adeleke, Nurudeen, Adesola, Muideen, Afolabi, Rafiat, Agodirin, Sulaiman, Aremu, Isiaka, Bello, Jibril, Lawal, Saheed, Lawal, Abdulwahab, Raji, Hadijat, 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Mumuni, Kareem, Yahaya, Shekira, Alhassan, Jaabir, Jeffery-Felix, Ametepe, Naah, Gifty, Noufuentes, Carmen, Sakyi, Abraham, Chaudhary, Ramkaran, Misra, Sanjeev, Pareek, Puneet, Pathak, Manish, Sharma, Naveen, Sharma, Nivedita, Huda, Farhanul, Mishra, Neha, Ranjan, Rohit, Singh, Shanky, Solanki, Pratik, Verma, Raunak, Yhoshu, Enono, John, Suzan, Kutma, Ananta, Philips, Sanish, Hepzibah, Alice, Mary, Grace, Chetana, Chetana, Dummala, Prashant, Jacob, Jurgen, Mary, Priya, Samuel, Oliver, Sukumar, Ashwin, Syam, Niyah, Bhatt, Alisha, Bhatti, William, Dhar, Tapasya, Goyal, Ankush, Goyal, Sunita, Jain, Deepak, Jain, Rita, Kaur, Savleen, Kumar, Karan, Luther, Anil, Mahajan, Amit, Mandrelle, Kavita, Michael, Vishal, Mukherjee, Partho, Rajappa, Reuben, Singh, Prashant, Williams, Rahul, D, Sreekar, Kumari, Pushplatha, Shankar, Bharat, Sharma, Srujan, Surendran, Suraj, Thomas, Anita, Trinity, Paul, Kanchodu, Sudheer, Leshiini, K, Bansal, Ishan, Gupta, Sanjay, Gureh, Monika, Kapoor, Simran, Aggarwal, Manisha, Kanna, Vinoth, Kaur, Harmanjot, Kumar, Ashwani, Singh, Simrandeep, Singh, Gurtaj, John, Viju, Adnan, Mohammed, Kumar, Pardeep, S, Abhishek, Sehrawat, Vikram, Singla, Deepak, Thami, Gaurav, Kumar, Vijay, Mathew, Stanley, Akhtar, Naseem, Chaturvedi, Arun, Gupta, Sameer, Prakash, Puneet, Rajan, Shiv, Singh, Mohit, Tripathi, Abhilasha, Thomas, Josy, Zechariah, Pradeep, Kichu, Moloti, Joseph, Susan, Pundir, Neha, Samujh, Ram, Kour, Robindera, Saqib, Najmus, Raul, Subrat, Rautela, Komal, Sharma, Rajeev, Singh, Nishu, Vakil, Rakesh, Chowdhury, Priyanka, Chowdhury, Sona, Roy, Bipradas, Abdullahi, Aisha, Abubakar, Maimuna, Awaisu, Mudi, Bakari, Fadimatu, Bashir, Mohammed, Bello, Ahmad, Daniyan, Muhammad, Gimba, Justina, Gundu, Isaac, Oyelowo, Nasir, Sufyan, Ibrahim, Umaru-Sule, Hajara, Usman, Mohammed, Yahya, Anisah, Yakubu, Alfa, Abdullahi, Muzzammil, Soladoye, Abdulmajeed, Yahaya, Abubakar, Abdulrasheed, Lubabatu, Aminu, Bashiru, Bello-Tukur, Firdaws, Chinyio, Damai, Joshua, Samaila, Lawal, Jamila, Mohammed, Caleb, Nuwam, Deborah, Sale, Danjuma, Sani, Abdulrasheed, Tabara, Salome, Usam, Emmanuel, Yakubu, Josiah, Adegoke, Folasade, Ige, Oluwasuyi, Bakare, Adewumi, Akande, Olukemi, Anyanwu, Noble, Eke, Grace, Oyewole, Yemisi, Abunimye, Esther, Adeoluwa, Adebunmi, Adesiyakan, Adedotun, Amao, Michael, Ashley-Osuzoka, Christiana, Gbenga-Oke, Christianah, Olanrewaju, Olabisi, Olayioye, Olawunmi, Olutola, Stephen, Onyekachi, Kenneth, Osariemen, Emili, Osunwusi, Benedetto, Owie, Emmanuel, Okoro, Chukwuemeka, Ugwuanyi, Kenneth, Ugwunne, Chuka, Olasehinde, Olalekan, Akinloye, Abidemi, Akinniyi, Ayodeji, Ejimogu, Joseph, Okedare, Amos, Omotola, Omolara, Sanwo, Francis, Awodele, Kehinde, Aisuodionoe-Shadrach, Oseremen, Alfred, Janet, Atim, Terkaa, Mbajiekwe, Ndubuisi, Olori, amson, Suleiman, Salisu, Sunday, Helen, Ida, Genesis, Oruade, David, Osemwegie, Osarenkhoe, Ajibola, Gboyega, Elemile, Peter, Fakoya, Adegbolahan, Ojediran, Oluwabukade, Olagunju, Naomi, Bello, Robiat, Ojajuni, Adeolu, Oyewale, Sabur, Abhulimen, Victor, Okoi, Nnyonno, Mizero, Japhet, Mutimamwiza, Immaculee, Nirere, Francoise, Niyongombwa, Irenee, Byaruhanga, Anastase, Dukuzimana, Rongin, Uwizeye, Marcel, Ruhosha, Mathias, Igiraneza, joselyne, Ingabire, Faustine, Karekezi, Aloys, Mpirimbanyi, Christophe, Mukamazera, Lydia, Mukangabo, Clemence, Imanishimwe, Alphonsine, Kanyarukiko, Salathiel, Mukaneza, Francine, Mukantibaziyaremye, Deborah, Munyaneza, Aphrodis, Ndegamiye, Gibert, Nyirangeri, Pierrine, Tubasiime, Ronald, Dusabe, Moses, Izabiriza, Emelyne, Mutuyimana, Josiane, Mwenedata, Olivier, Rwagahirima, Elisee, Zirikana, Job, Sibomana, Isaie, Rubanguka, Desire, Umuhoza, Josine, Uwayezu, Roda, Uzikwambara, Leoncie, Dieudonne, Aime, Kabanda, Elysee, Mbonimpaye, Salomee, Mukakomite, Christine, Muroruhirwe, Piolette, Butana, Herbert, Dusabeyezu, Moise, Batangana, Mediatrice, Bucyibaruta, Georges, Mukanyange, Violette, Munyaneza, Emmanuel, Mutabazi, Emmanuel, Mwungura, Espoir, Ncogoza, Isaie, Nyirahabimana, Jeannette, Nyirasebura, Dancilla, Dusabimana, Anaclet, Kanyesigye, Sam, Munyaneza, Robert, Hyman, Gabriella, Moore, Rachel, Sentholang, Nnosa, Wondoh, Paul, Ally, Zain, Domingo, Aimee, Munda, Philip, Nyatsambo, Chido, Ojo, Victor, Pswarayi, Rudo, Cook, Jonathan, Jayne, David, Laurberg, Soeren, Brown, Julia, Smart, Neil, and Cousens, Simon
Published: 2024
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186. Age-Stratified Assessment of the Impact of Breast Cancer Knowledge on the Lifestyle and Dietary Patterns Among Nigerian Females

Author: Magdalene Eno Effiong, Israel Sunmola Afolabi, and Shalom Nwodo Chinedu
Subjects: Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract: PURPOSEBreast cancer (BC) is a major cause of cancer-related mortality in Nigeria, which is exacerbated by a lack of understanding of how knowledge of BC risk factors influences the lifestyle and dietary patterns of Nigerians across age groups. This study evaluated the influence of knowledge of BC risks on lifestyle and dietary patterns across age groups, aiming to inform early management, prevention, and survival rates.METHODSA cross-sectional survey was conducted in Ota, Ado-odo, Ogun State, Nigeria, involving participants from six educational institutions. The study assessed knowledge of BC risks factors and lifestyle/dietary habits using questionnaires. Results were analyzed using Epi Info software and SPSS version 20.RESULTSThe participants' age ranged from 13 to 60 years, with a mean of 21 years. The age categories of the participants were 75.24% adolescents (13-19), 18.68% young adults (20-40), and 6.08% middle-aged (41-60). Middle-aged individuals had the least knowledge about smoking (7.58%), alcohol (26.09%), antibiotics (7.25%), and red meat/smoked foods (20.09%), which translated into their poor dietary/lifestyle patterns. Young adults showed profound physical inactivity (71.00%), while adolescents consumed more carbonated drinks (71.53%), which corresponded to lack of knowledge about the effects of physical inactivity (10.85%) and consumption of carbonated drinks (13.70%) on BC risk.CONCLUSIONThe study found that understanding BC risk factors directly affects lifestyle and dietary patterns. Age groups with higher knowledge had better lifestyle/dietary patterns. This highlights the need for a tailored intervention on lifestyle and dietary education across all age groups, especially the middle-aged, so as to inform a deliberate adjustment in lifestyle and dietary habits, which play crucial roles in BC incidence, survival, and prevention.
Published: 2024
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187. Intravenous ferric carboxymaltose versus oral ferrous sulphate for the treatment of moderate to severe postpartum anaemia in Nigerian women (IVON-PP): protocol for an open-label randomised controlled type 1 hybrid effectiveness-implementation trial

Author: Mobolanle Balogun, Aduragbemi Banke-Thomas, Ejemai Amaize Eboreime, Kate Walker, Folasade Ogunsola, Eleanor J Mitchell, Bosede Bukola Afolabi, Titilope Adenike Adeyemo, Ochuwa Adiketu Babah, Victoria Olawunmi Adaramoye, Opeyemi Rebecca Akinajo, Ibraheem Ajibola Abioye, Chisom Florence Chieme, Yewande Oshodi, and Rachel Quao
Subjects: Medicine
Abstract: Introduction Postpartum anaemia is often caused by iron deficiency with onset during the antepartum period and can be exacerbated by excessive blood loss at birth. Its prevalence is estimated as 50–80% in low-income and middle-income countries. It poses adverse consequences on the mother and negatively impacts her ability to care for her newborn. Prompt treatment of postpartum anaemia is thus important. Adherence to oral iron is reportedly low in Nigeria due to its side effects and forgetfulness by the mothers. Intravenous iron such as ferric carboxymaltose, given as a single dose, might help overcome adherence issues, but investigation in a high-quality randomised control trial in Nigeria is first required while evaluation of challenges around its implementation is also warranted.Objective To determine the clinical effectiveness, tolerability and safety, of using intravenous ferric carboxymaltose (intervention) vs oral ferrous sulphate (control) for treating moderate to severe iron deficiency anaemia in postpartum women and to evaluate implementation of ferric carboxymaltose in treating postpartum anaemia in Nigeria.Methods and analysis This study is an open-label randomised controlled trial with a concurrent implementation study. It is a hybrid type 1 effectiveness-implementation design conducted in four states across Northern and Southern Nigeria. A total of 1400 eligible and consenting women with postpartum moderate to severe anaemia (haemoglobin concentration
Published: 2024
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188. Soursop leaf extract and fractions protects against L-NAME-induced hypertension and hyperlipidemia

Author: Okim Okim Nsor, Babatunde Adebola Alabi, Joseph Ayo Badejo, Faith Afolabi, Okot-Asi Nku-Ekpang, and Ezekiel Olugbenga Iwalewa
Subjects: Annona muricata (Annonaceae), N-nitro-L-arginine-methyl ester, blood pressure, captopril, antioxidants, Nutrition. Foods and food supply, TX341-641
Abstract: IntroductionDespite the high phenolic content of Annona muricata, little is known about its anti-hypertensive and antihyperlipidemic properties. This study evaluated the anti-hypertensive and antihyperlipidemic potential of A. muricata leaf extracts.Materials and methodsForty-two male Wistar rats were divided into seven groups of six animals each. N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) was used to induce hypertension and hyperlipidemia.ResultsPhytochemical screening of Annona muricata leaf extracts (AMLE) revealed the presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins, steroids, terpenoids, and phenols. Comparing the methanol extract with the ethyl acetate fraction, quantification revealed that the methanol extract contained more phenolics, flavonoids, and alkaloids. The AMLE rats significantly reduced triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL, VLDL, atherogenic index, coronary risk index, and blood pressure. The significant decrease in GSH, catalase, SOD, GST, and oxidative stress markers (MDA, nitrites, and MPO) was reversed by AMLE in a dose-dependent manner. Also, the elevated serum levels of TNF-α and IL-1β in the hypertensive rats were attenuated in the treatment groups.DiscussionThis study suggests the potential ameliorative effects of Annona muricata leaf extracts against L-NAME-induced hypertension in rats. Notably, the study showed the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of A. muricata leaf extracts, which is seen in its ability to attenuate oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. A. muricata extracts also decreased atherogenic risk and improved lipid profiles.
Published: 2024
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189. High prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) in human samples from Nigeria: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola, Rafidah Hanim Shueb, Engku Nur Syafirah Engku Abd Rahman, Hafeez Abiola Afolabi, Yusuf Wada, Abdirahman Hussein Elmi, Muath Abdu Hakami, Sfeeah Mofareah Alghzwani, Osman AE. Elnoubi, and Ahmad A. Alshehri
Subjects: Carbapenem, Enterobacterales, Resistance, Nigeria, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: Objectives: The rise in Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) is perturbing. To curb the menace of CRE, a comprehensive understanding of its prevalence and epidemiology is crucial. As varying reports abound, the true prevalence of CRE in Nigeria remains unknown. Here, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis following standard guidelines to assess the situation of CRE in Nigeria. Methods: We searched electronic databases including Pubmed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for articles providing information on CRE in Nigeria. The data gathered were analyzed using OpenMeta Analyst and Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. The random-effect model was employed to calculate pooled resistance to carbapenem antibiotics. Results: From 321 retrieved records, 57 were finally included. The studies were predominantly from the South-West region (n = 19). Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the most frequently tested Enterobacterales among the included studies. The pooled prevalence estimate for imipenem resistance among CRE was 11.2 % (95 % CI: 7.9–15.7). Meropenem resistance had an estimate of 13.5 % (95 % CI: 9.1–19.6), whereas ertapenem and doripenem were estimated at 17.0 % (95 % CI: 9.9–27.7) and 37.9 % (95 % CI: 15.0–67.8), respectively. High heterogeneity (I2>85 %, p
Published: 2024
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190. Sociolinguistic Investigation of Euphemisms in Yorùbá and Ẹ̀dó

Author: Reuben Oluwafemi Ikotun, Kehinde Omololu Olowo, and Ismail Olaitan Afolabi
Subjects: Euphemism, Politeness, Euphemism in Yorùbá, Euphemism in Ẹ̀dó, Sociolinguistics, Translating and interpreting, P306-310
Abstract: Euphemisms are an essential lubricant and catalyst for interpersonal communication, used by individuals to deliver complex and somewhat provocative messages in a more placid and thoughtful manner. Therefore, they play a crucial role in social interactions and daily conversations. This study investigates the sociocultural nuances that influence the use of euphemisms among Yorùbá and Ẹ̀dó speakers, as well as how the speakers employ the rewording system to navigate or manage intricate social relationships in culturally sensitive environments, and sustain harmony within their communities. Unlike previous research focusing broadly on African and Nigerian languages, this research uniquely compares the nuanced use of euphemisms among speakers of these specific cultural and linguistic groups. Drawing from Politeness Theory (Brown & Levinson, 1987) and the Connotative Theory of Meaning (Trask, 1999), the study employs an eclectic framework. Qualitative data, gathered through recordings and transcriptions of interviews with adult native speakers, were thematically analyzed. The findings reveal that both Yorùbá and Ẹ̀dó languages feature euphemisms characterized by shared traits, yet they also exhibit distinct differences in composition and semantic features. In Yorùbá discourse, euphemisms often take the form of indirect references or metaphors, particularly when discussing sensitive subjects like sexuality, death, or social misconduct. Conversely, Ẹ̀dó speakers tend to employ more direct and straightforward euphemistic expressions. Despite these differences, both cultures share a common emphasis on social hierarchy and respect, using euphemisms as a culturally sanctioned means to delicately broach diverse topics. In all, both cultures prioritise social hierarchy and respect, and euphemisms provide a culturally accepted means of discreetly discussing diverse topics. Overall, This study highlights the significance of euphemisms in facilitating effective communication and nurturing interpersonal relationships within linguistically diverse communities. It enriches our understanding of how language choices reflect and uphold cultural norms, offering insights that contribute to broader discussions on communication strategies and cultural sensitivity.
Published: 2024
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191. Geophysical investigation of groundwater contamination in urban areas: a case study of active dumpsites in oyo town, Nigeria

Author: Kamaldeen Olasunakanmi SULEMAN, Testimony Dayo Owolabi, Olufemi Louis Ogunmola, Lukman Ayobami Sunmonu, and Bola Afolabi Abdulhamid
Subjects: Technology, Technology (General), T1-995, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract: nvironmental safety is a pressing global concern, particularly in Africa, where poor sanitation and contaminated water sources contribute to rising health issues. Active dumpsites are recognized as a source of groundwater pollution, yet their specific impact on water quality remains insufficiently documented. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate potential groundwater contamination resulting from active dumpsites in the Ilaka area of Oyo town, Nigeria. Electrical Resistivity Tomography was established on two traverses at the study area with a total length of 150 m and 5 m electrode spacing. Eight Vertical Electrical Sounding points were sounded at the established profiles. The geoelectric sections revealed three distinct layers: the topsoil, the weathered layer, and the fresh basement. In Traverse One, the recorded layer resistivity ranges from 29 to 938 Ωm, while in Traverse Two, it ranges from 30 to 1243 Ωm. The corresponding layer thickness varies from 0.8 to 21 m in Traverse One and from 2.5 to 24 m in Traverse Two, indicating a shallow overburden thickness. The 2D image of ERT revealed extremely low resistivity values in all the traverses across the dumpsites which suggests the presence of clay formation underlying the topsoil which may have been trapped in the contaminant plumes. Groundwater from the study area was found to be free from contaminants.
Published: 2024
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192. Attenuation of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by Ocimum gratissimum leaf flavonoid-rich extracts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats

Author: Basiru Olaitan Ajiboye, Courage Dele Famusiwa, Monsurah Oluwaseyifunmi Amuda, Stephen Oluwaseun Afolabi, Benjamin Temidayo Ayotunde, Adedeji A. Adejumo, Ajoke Fehintola Idayat Akindele, Babatunji Emmanuel Oyinloye, Olutunmise Victoria Owolabi, Claudia Genovese, and Oluwafemi Adeleke Ojo
Subjects: Ocimum gratissimum, Flavonoid, PI3K/AKT, Redox stress, Inflammation, Diabetes, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Biochemistry, QD415-436
Abstract: Diabetes is a group of medical conditions characterized by the body's inability to effectively control blood glucose levels, due to either insufficient insulin synthesis in type 1 diabetes or inadequate insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes. According to this research, the PI3K/AKT pathway of Ocimum gratissimum leaf flavonoid-rich extracts in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats was studied. We purchased and used a total of forty (40) male Wistar rats for the study. We divided the animals into five (5) different groups: normal control (Group A), diabetic control (Group B), low dose (150 mg/kg body weight) of Ocimum gratissimum flavonoid-rich leaf extract (LDOGFL) (Group C), high dose (300 mg/kg body weight) of Ocimum gratissimum flavonoid-rich leaf extract (HDOGFL) (Group D), and 200 mg/kg of metformin (MET) (Group E). Streptozotocin induced all groups except Group A, which serves as the normal control group. The experiment lasted for 21 days, following which we sacrificed the animals and harvested their brains for biochemical analysis on the 22nd day. We carried out an analysis that included reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione transferases (GST), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), along with GLUT4, MDA, pro-inflammatory cytokines, NO, neurotransmitters, cholinergic enzyme activities, cardiolipin, and the gene expression of PI3K/AKT. The obtained result indicates that the flavonoid-rich extracts of O. gratissimum significantly enhanced the levels of GSH, GST, CAT, GPx, and SOD, as well as GLUT4 and cardiolipin. The levels of GSH, GST, CAT, GPx, and SOD, as well as GLUT4 and cardiolipin, were significantly increased by gratissimum. Moreover, the extracts decrease the levels of MDA, pro-inflammatory cytokines, NO, neurotransmitters, and cholinergic enzyme activities. Additionally, the flavonoid-rich extracts of O. gratissimum significantly improved the AKT and PI3K gene expressions in diabetic rats. gratissimum had their AKT and PI3K gene expressions significantly (p
Published: 2024
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193. Rhetorical and Ideological Strategies in Campaign Jingles on Osun 2022 Gubernatorial Election

Author: Folorunso Emannuel AWONIYI, Ismail Olaitan AFOLABI, and Richard Damilare AKANO
Subjects: Rhetorical strategies, ideological representation, speech acting, political jingles, Osun 2022 Gubernatorial Election, Language and Literature
Abstract: The 2022 governorship election in Osun State is one of the most discussed political developments in Nigeria and has only received passing coverage in national dailies. In this study, we explored the rhetorical and ideological strategies in selected political jingles used during the exercise. The investigation was based on the eclectic consideration of Aristotle’s rhetoric genres, Van Dijk's ideological structures and speech act theory. The descriptive qualitative study examined six campaign jingles broadcast on Rave 91.7 FM, including those of the All Progressive Congress (APC), the People's Democratic Party (PDP), and the Accord Party. The jingles were evaluated through pragmatic and critical discourse analysis lenses. The study revealed how rhetorical techniques such as negative other-representation of political opponents, foregrounding achievements through evidentiality, reliance on political ethos, allusion and appeal to citizens' plights, and appeal to voters' logic and reason were used in the examined jingles. It highlighted that the rhetorical categories were quoted in epideictic, deliberative and forensic persuasive frames, and were indexed by illocutionary acts of warning, advising, pleading, promising, assuring, disclaiming, rejecting, boasting, and praising. Overall, lexicalisation, comparison, actor description, inference, and disclaimer were employed to elevate the status of the in-group while diminishing the status of contending political parties, as the parties involved locked horns over the control of the state
Published: 2024
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194. Integrating human factors into the distribution model of goods and fast-moving consumer goods for effective inventory control

Author: Afolabi Ogbeyemi, Akinola Ogbeyemi, and Wenjun Zhang
Subjects: Management. Industrial management, HD28-70
Abstract: Multiple factors contribute to the occurrences of disruptions in workflow management within the e-commerce system that focuses on the distribution of goods and other fast-moving consumer goods (FMCG). These disruptions have particularly affected and increased lead times and caused frequent shipment delays. The causes of these disruptions, especially in the context of distribution of goods and FMCG towards inventory control, have been widely speculated upon in recent years. Given the recent interruptions, the study presented in this paper used a methodology called statistical model analysis (SMA) to study the impact of human factors (HFs) on the system performance in a warehouse distribution system. A case study was taken on a particular company called ABC and XYZ to model the impact of some specific HF such as job fatigue, and job rotation to name a few and to uncover the underlying reasons behind the ongoing disruptions within the distribution system. Specifically, the result of this study aims to provide a data-driven understanding of these issues and one of the contributions of this study is to enhance our understanding of the significance of these HFs, rather than focusing on the equipment and materials as seen in prior research. Through this data-based approach study, stakeholders in operations management, e-commerce, and the supply chain system would be well-informed in many ways to resolve the challenges faced by humans in the system towards enhancing their overall system performance.
Published: 2024
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195. ORAL MALODOUR: AN INDICATOR OF ORAL NEGLECT AND POOR SELF-ESTEEM AMONG SLUM DWELLING CHILDREN IN NIGERIA

Author: Afolabi Oyapero, Moyosoore Osoba, Samson Kareem, and Sydon Agbor
Subjects: quality of life., self-esteem, oral health, oral malodor, halitosis, Dentistry, RK1-715
Abstract: Objective: Oral malodour, an inadequately studied disease in children, is the third most prevalent reason for dental consultations, with negative impacts on psychosocial health. This study assessed self-rated and normatively assessed oral malodour and its impact on quality of life among a cohort of slum dwelling children in Lagos, Nigeria. Method: This descriptive survey was conducted among slum dwelling children in Lagos State, Nigeria. A multi-stage sampling method was utilized to select participants for the study. The Organoleptic test was utilized by two calibrated dentists to assess oral malodour. The Self-Reported Scale for Oral Health (SOHO) and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSE) were used to assess quality of life and self-esteem. Regression analysis was done using sociodemographic, clinical, self-esteem and QOL variables as the predictor variables to identify their strength of association with oral malodour. The probability level of p
Published: 2024
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196. Assessing the underlying factors affecting trust and transparency in the construction industry: A mixed method approach

Author: Abdulkabir Bello, Aliyyu Abiola Abdulraheem, Oladayo Popoola Afolabi, Adefemi Aka, and Precious Oluwatofunmi Gbenga
Subjects: Construction performance, Developing countries, Project delivery, Transparency, Trust, Stakeholder relationships, Engineering economy, TA177.4-185, Building construction, TH1-9745
Abstract: Trust and transparency are pivotal factors for the successful functioning of the construction industry, and their absence can lead to many challenges. This study delves into the context of the Nigerian construction industry to explore the impediments to trust and transparency and develop strategies for improvements. The study adopts a mixed-methods research to comprehensively examine the factors affecting trust and transparency using semi-structured interviews and structured questionnaires. These factors were categorised into four clusters: "Communication and Information Sharing", "Ethical and Integrity Issues", "Technological and Operational Challenges", and "Project-specific and Security Concerns" and validated by experts before administration of the surveys. The interview data was thematically analysed, while the questionnaire was analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling. The findings underscore the detrimental effects of inadequate communication protocols, ethical lapses, technological advancement resistance, and project data security vulnerabilities. Consequently, the study proposes comprehensive strategies, including establishing clear communication protocols, reinforcing ethical frameworks, embracing technological innovations, and implementing robust security measures. These strategies aim to enhance information sharing, foster ethical compliance, improve operational efficiency, and safeguard critical project data, fostering a culture of trust and transparency within the Nigerian construction industry.
Published: 2024
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197. Effects of combined aerobic and resistance training on glycemic control, blood pressure, inflammation, cardiorespiratory fitness and quality of life in patients with type 2 diabetes and overweight/obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Sameer Badri AL-Mhanna, Alexios Batrakoulis, Wan Syaheedah Wan Ghazali, Mahaneem Mohamed, Abdulaziz Aldayel, Maha H. Alhussain, Hafeez Abiola Afolabi, Yusuf Wada, Mehmet Gülü, Safaa Elkholi, Bishir Daku Abubakar, and Daniel Rojas-Valverde
Subjects: Exercise, Physical activity, Insulin resistance, Metabolic syndrome, Cardiometabolic health, Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract: Background Structured aerobic or resistance training alone seems to be a beneficial tool for improving glucose homeostasis, chronic systemic inflammation, resting cardiovascular function, and mental health in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of the present study was to synthesize the available data on the effectiveness of combined aerobic and resistance training (CART) on glycemic control, blood pressure, inflammation, cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and quality of life (QoL) in overweight and obese individuals with T2DM. Methods A database search was carried out in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Science Direct, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar from inception up to May 2023. The Cochrane risk of bias tool was used to assess eligible studies, and the GRADE method to evaluate the reliability of evidence. A random-effects model was used, and data were analyzed using standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals. The study protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (ID: CRD42022355612). Results A total of 21,612 studies were retrieved; 20 studies were included, and data were extracted from 1,192 participants (mean age: 57 ± 7 years) who met the eligibility criteria. CART demonstrated significant improvements in body mass index, glycated hemoglobin, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, CRF, and QoL compared to ST. These findings highlight the significance of exercise interventions such as CART as essential elements within comprehensive diabetes management strategies, ultimately enhancing overall health outcomes in individuals with T2DM and overweight/obesity.No differences were found in resting heart rate between CART and ST. An uncertain risk of bias and poor quality of evidence were found among the eligible studies. Conclusion These outcomes show clear evidence considering the positive role of CART in inducing beneficial changes in various cardiometabolic and mental health-related indicators in patients with T2DM and concurrent overweight/obesity. More studies with robust methodological design are warranted to examine the dose-response relationship, training parameters configuration, and mechanisms behind these positive adaptations.
Published: 2024
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198. Sex and COVID-19 vaccination uptake and intention in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda

Author: Rawlance Ndejjo, Nuole Chen, Steven N. Kabwama, Eniola A. Bamgboye, Marc Bosonkie, Oumar Bassoum, Suzanne N. Kiwanuka, Mobolaji M. Salawu, Landry Egbende, Ndeye Mareme Sougou, Rotimi F. Afolabi, Mamadou Makhtar Mbacké Leye, Segun Bello, Ayo S. Adebowale, Magbagbeola D. Dairo, Ibrahima Seck, Olufunmilayo I. Fawole, Mala Ali Mapatano, Lily L. Tsai, and Rhoda K. Wanyenze
Subjects: COVID-19, sex, trust, vaccines, vaccination, Africa, Gynecology and obstetrics, RG1-991, Women. Feminism, HQ1101-2030.7
Abstract: The introduction of vaccines marked a game changer in the fight against COVID-19. In sub-Saharan Africa, studies have documented the intention to vaccinate and the uptake of COVID-19 vaccines. However, little is documented about how sex differences could have impacted COVID-19 vaccination. We conducted a multi-country cross-sectional study to assess the sex differences in COVID-19 vaccine uptake and intention to vaccinate in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), Nigeria, Senegal, and Uganda. This study involved analysis of data from mobile surveys conducted between March and June 2022 among nationally constituted samples of adults in each country. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression models were run. The self-reported uptake of COVID-19 vaccines was not significantly different between males and females (p = 0.47), while the intention to vaccinate was significantly higher among males (p = 0.008). Among males, obtaining COVID-19 information from health workers, testing for COVID-19, and having high trust in the Ministry of Health were associated with higher vaccination uptake. Among females, having high trust in the government was associated with higher vaccination uptake. For intention to vaccinate, males who resided in semi-urban areas and females who resided in rural areas had significantly higher vaccination intention compared to their counterparts in urban areas. Other factors positively associated with vaccination intention among males were trust in the World Health Organization and perceived truthfulness of institutions, while males from households with a higher socio-economic index and those who had declined a vaccine before had a lower vaccine intention. Overall, the factors differentiating vaccine uptake and intention to vaccinate among males and females were mostly related to trust in government institutions, perceived truthfulness of institutions, and respondent's residence. These factors are key in guiding the tailoring of interventions to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in sub-Saharan Africa and similar contexts.
Published: 2024
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199. Study protocol for a pilot quasi-experimental study on oral health education for nurses and community health workers in Nigeria

Author: Abimbola M. Oladayo, Folake B. Lawal, Oyinkansola O. Sofola, Omolara G. Uti, Afolabi Oyapero, Adetayo Aborisade, Bernal Stewart, Carlo Amorin Daep, Deon Hines, Jacinto Beard, Aderonke Dedeke, Omotayo F. Fagbule, Adeola T. Williams, Obioma C. Uchendu, Kudirat Ohiare, Adetomiwa O. Adedire, Abdul-Kabir Adegoke Yahya-Imam, Oluwagbenga Ilori Adeniji, Aishatu Baba Mele, Amina Sani Baffa, Ifeoluwa Adetula, Taiwo A. Lawal, Gbemisola Aderemi Oke, and Azeez Butali
Subjects: primary health care (PHC), oral health education, oral health, nurses, community health workers, pilot study, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract: IntroductionThe primary health care system provides an ideal setting for the integration of oral health into general health care as well as equitable access to oral health care. However, the limited oral health knowledge of primary health care workers necessitates appropriate training before they can participate in health promotion efforts. This pilot training was designed to examine the impact of the Oral Health Education module for Nurses and Community Health Care Workers on their oral health awareness and referral practices.MethodsThis study will utilize a quasi-experimental design (pre-and post with a non-equivalent control group) to assess the impact of a five-day pilot oral health education program on the knowledge and referral practices of Nurses and Community Health Workers in primary health care centers in three states in Nigeria-(Lagos, Oyo, and Kano). The training modules were developed based on the six iterative steps described in the intervention mapping framework – needs assessment, highlighting program objectives and outcomes, selection of theory and mode of intervention, designing program based on theory, designing implementation plans, and developing an evaluation plan. Only the intervention group will participate in the full educational training sessions but both groups will complete the pre-and post-intervention questionnaires.DiscussionThis pilot training combined the standardized training modules from the recently launched “Oral Health Training Course for Community Health Workers in Africa” and a newly developed maternal and child oral health module by our group using an evidence-based approach. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first program to examine the impact of the standardized OpenWHO modules. The success of this training will lay the foundation for developing a sustained channel for providing oral health education at the primary health care level in Nigeria, West Africa, and Africa.
Published: 2024
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200. Targeted variant prevalence of FBXW7 gene mutation in colorectal carcinoma propagation. The first systematic review and meta-analysis

Author: Hafeez Abiola Afolabi, Salzihan Md Salleh, Zaidi Zakaria, Ch'ng Ewe Seng, Norasikin Mohd Nafi, Ahmad Aizat Bin AbdulAziz, Yusuf Wada, Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola, Sameer Badri Al-Ml-hanna, and Ali Mussa
Subjects: Colon cancer, Colorectal carcinoma, CRC, FBXW7 gene mutation, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract: FBXW7 is a tumour suppressor gene that functions as E3-ubiquitin-ligase, targeting numerous oncoproteins for degradation, i.e., Cyclin-E, c-Myc, and Notch. FBXW7 performs a pivotal role in regulating cell cycle progression. FBXW7 mutation is frequently implicated in various cancers. Methodology: A systematic review and meta-analysis done on several studies using “Preferred Reporting Items for Systemmatic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA)” criteria and registered with PROSPERO (registration-number-CRD42023388845). The preliminary search comprises 1182 articles; however, 58 studies were subsequently chosen after eliminating non-eligible studies. To explore the prevalence of FBXW7 mutation among colorectal cancer patients, data were analysed using “OpenMeta Analyst and comprehensive meta-analysis-3.0 (CMA-3.0)” software. Results: This meta-analysis involves 13,974 respondents; most were males 7825/13,974, (56.0 %). Overall prevalence of FBXW7 mutations was 10.3 %, (95%CI: 8.6–12.4), I2 = 90.5 %, (P
Published: 2024
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