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New isopimaric acid derivatives containing amines and methyl esters of α-, β-, and ω-amino acids were prepared. Conditions were found for cyclic isomerisation of isopimaric acid propargylamide into 2-(dodecahydrophenanthren-1-yl)-5-methyloxazole or 2-(dodecahydrophenanthren-1-yl)-5-methylene-4,5-dihydrooxazole. The latter was selectively modified by adding the methyl ester of (2-methylamino)butanoic acid at the oxazole C-5 position.

The article considers the results of discussions in the group of Facebook social networking service, dealing with the problem of teenagers’ homosexual relations education. The goal of the research is to study the dynamics of the dispute in Facebook social networking service on the example of the closed group “Teenagers’ Sexual Orientation”. As a whole, 72 people participated in the discussion, involving both representatives, sharing the views of the LGBT community, concerning homosexual relations and teenagers’ heterosexual parents. As a result of the dispute, conducted within Facebook website 230 comments were left. Resulting from the content analysis of the message texts, the estimation of a number of parameters was made. The estimation showed that the parties of the virtual discussion are in deficit of decisions in terms of virtual disputes conduct. The declared wish to argue out doesn’t lead to the real activity, relevant to evidence-based disputes. Thus, we can consider that the participants of the virtual discussion are in deficit of the decisions in terms of virtual disputes conduct.

The work deals with the study of the dynamics of the interaction between people. The theoretical basis of the research is the model of the dynamics of living systems activity, stating the existence of three phases of systems dynamics: termnet, affinity and involvement. The equivalents of these phrases in interpersonal communication are the following: prudence during interaction (equivalent to termnet phase), readiness to avow one’s goals (equivalent to affinity phase), readiness to plan united actions (equivalent to involvement phase). The goal of the research is to study the process of interaction between two persons from the perspective of the theory of dynamics of living systems activity. The participants were offered to enter into agreement during an hour. The time limit of their dialogue had three 20-minute periods. The level of prudence, readiness to discuss goals and plan united actions were estimated every three time segments, using visual-analogue scale. The research was conducted in the group, involving 42 people. The obtained results showed that the communication structure, projected by the theory of dynamics activity seems to be convincing and can be used to describe communicative interactions.

Structures of plant furanolabdanoids and synthetic schemes for a series of furanolabdanoids (coronarins A and E, hedychenone, acuminolide and 17-O-acetylacuminolide) from the available diterpenoids sclareol and larixol were reviewed. Attention was focused on transformations of available furanolabdanoids. Data on the biological activity of native metabolites and their synthetic derivatives were presented.

Methods were proposed for preparing 15,16-dihydroisopimaric acid and its methyl ester. Oxidation of methyl dihydroisopimarate through the action of 3-chloroperbenzoic acid occurred with formation of 7,8-epoxy-derivatives and 7α-hydroxydihydrosandaracopimarate. The latter in addition to 7-oxotetrahydroisopimarate were formed through the action of t-butylhydroperoxide in the presence of MoCl5. Oxidation of dihydroisopimaric acid or the ester by selenium dioxide in dioxane gave the corresponding 14α-hydroxy-derivatives. Pyridinium chlorochromate transformed 14α-hydroxydihydroisopimarate into a mixture of methyl esters of 7α-hydroxy-8,14-epoxyisopimaric, 7-oxo-8,14-epoxyisopimaric, 7-oxo-14-hydroxyisopimaric, and 7α-hydroxysandaracopimaric acids. Oximation of methyl 7-oxotetrahydroisopimarate by hydroxylamine hydrochloride in MeOH in the presence of NaOAc gave a mixture of the corresponding (Z)- and (E)-oximes. Beckmann rearrangement of the 7-(E)-oxime of methyl tetrahydroisopimarate through the action of thionylchloride led to tetradecahydrodibenzo[b,d]azepine.

The paper describes the morphometric characteristics of three first-year ice ridges investigated in April and May 2016 in the Shokal'skogo Strait (Severnaya Zemlya Archipelago). These studies were conducted using hot water thermal drilling with computer recording of the penetration rate. Boreholes were drilled along the cross-section of the ridge crest mainly at 0.25 m intervals. The main results of the ice ridges studies are given in Part I. Cross-sectional profiles of ice ridges are illustrated. In each borehole, porosity of an ice ridge was calculated as the ratio of the length of all voids to total length of the borehole. Processing of the results showed that when studying ice ridges for obtaining the porosity values close to the true ones, the boreholes should be drilled with a spacing not exceeding two meters. Away from the point where the keel has the maximum draft, the average porosity of the unconsolidated part of the keel tends to increase. This feature is a consequence of the effect of the Archimedes force and agrees with the model of porosity changes from the theory of granular media.

Reactions of methyl phlomisoate with methyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate, methyl vinyl ketone, phenyl vinyl ketone, or N-substituted acrylamides catalyzed by Pd(OAc)2 in the presence of Cu(OAc)2, p-benzoquinone in the mixture of propionic acid and acetonitrile proceed regio- and stereoselectively with the formation of (E)-16-vinyl labdatrienoates. The oxidative coupling under these conditions of the methyl phlomisoate with styrene results in a mixture of 15,16-distyryl-, 16-styryl-, and 16-(1-phenylvinyl)-derivatives of furanolabdanoid.

The possibility of using lithium aluminosilicate glass crystallized in a low-temperature furnace (up to 1000°C) for manufacturing components for radio engineering purposes is studied.

16-(1-R-1,2,3-Triazol-4-ylethyl)-, 16-(1-R-1,2,3-triazol-4-ylmethoxymethyl)-, and 16-{2-(1-R-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)-1-[(1-R-1,2,3-triazol-4-ylmethoxy)ethyl]}-substituted derivatives of methyl lambertianate were synthesized by 1,3-cycloaddition of labdanoid alkynes with azides. The compounds obtained possess considerable cytotoxicity toward the human tumor cell lines CEM-13, MT-4, and U-937. The most active compound, methyl 16-(2-{2-[(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)acetyl]furan-3-yl}ethyl)lambertianate, was found to inhibit the viability of the tumor cells by 50% (CCID50) in the concentration of 7–12 μmol L−1.

Several 15,16-epoxy-8,13,14-labdatriene derivatives modified at the C-16 position with a 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring with various substituent in the 5-th position, were obtained via multistep synthesis from 16-formyl derivatives of natural diterpenoid lambertianic acid. The cytotoxicity of furanolabdanoid-based 1,2,4-oxadiazoles was evaluated against human cancer cells (CEM-13, MT-4, U-937, MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, MEL-8) using the conventional MTT assays. All the tested diterpenoid-oxadiazole hybrids displayed better cytotoxic activity then lambertianic acid. The activity and selectivity to the cell line increased even further in the compounds containing a chloromethyl substituent in the 5-th position of the 1,2,4-oxadiazole ring. Two of the synthesized compounds exhibited high cytotoxic activity against lymphoblastoid cell line CEM-13 (GI50 0.08-0.34 μM), which was higher that than of the comparative drug Doxorubicin. The antitumor mechanism may be related to apoptosis induction in U-937, MCF-7, and CEM-13 cells.

The paper presents the investigation results of morphometric characteristics of three first-year ice ridges conducted in March–June 2011 at «North Pole‐38» drifting station. The height of the ice ridge sail ranged within 3.3–6.1 m; keel draft, from 10.2 to 18.9 m. These studies were conducted using electric thermal drilling with computer recording of the penetration rate. Boreholes were drilled along the cross‐section of the ridge crest at 0.5 m intervals. Cross-sectional profiles of ice ridges are illustrated. In each borehole, ice ridge porosity was calculated as the ratio of the length of all voids to total length of the borehole. Distribution of ice ridge porosity along the cross-section seems to be rather regular. Depth-wise distribution of volume content of solid ice phase is shown for the investigated ice ridges. Average thickness of consolidated layer of ice ridges ranged within 0.8 … 2.6 m.

16-Propargylaminomethyl substituted and 16-propargyloxymethyl substituted furanolabdanoids were synthesized, which under the action of AuCl3 in acetonitrile underwent cycloisomerization forming 7-hydroxyisoindolines or 7-hydroxydihydroisobenzofurans substituted by a terpenoid fragment.

Objectives Pregnancy Associated Plasma Protein A (PAPP-A)-derived N- and C-terminal fragments of IGF-binding protein-4 (NT- and CT-IGFBP-4) released from vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques are proposed to be used for cardiovascular risk assessment. Design and methods NT- and CT-IGFBP-4 were measured by novel immunoassays in EDTA-plasma of 180 patients admitted to the emergency department with symptoms of myocardial ischemia but without ST-segment elevation. Six-month incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), including myocardial infarction, cardiac death, percutaneous coronary interventions, and coronary artery bypass grafting was recorded. Results Sixteen patients met the endpoint. NT- and CT-IGFBP-4 were strong predictors of MACE: area under ROC curve (AUC) 0.856 and 0.809, respectively. NT-IGFBP-4 concentrations ≥ 214 μg/L and CT-IGFBP-4 concentrations ≥ 124 μg/L were associated with increased risk of future MACE: adjusted hazard ratio 13.79 and 7.93, respectively. Conclusions IGFBP-4 fragments can be utilized as biomarkers for MACE prediction in patients with suspected myocardial ischemia.

Allylic oxidation of phlomisoic acid and its methyl ester by selenium dioxide occurred stereoselectively to form 7α-hydroxy derivatives of labdanoids, which were oxidized by active manganese dioxide to 7-ketofuranolabdanoids. Oximation of the last by hydroxylamine hydrochloride in MeOH in the presence of NaOAc gave pure (E)-ketooximes. Beckmann rearrangement of 7-ketooximes of phlomisoic acid and its methyl ester occurred with formation of the corresponding octahydro-1 H-benzoazepines.

Sorption of transplutonium (TPE) and rare-earth (REE) elements on Purolite®S-957 ion exchanger containing phosphonic acid and sulfo groups was studied. Rare-earth elements are efficiently sorbed from weakly acidic solutions (≤0.1 M HNO3). An increase in the solution acidity and introduction of sodium ions into the sorption medium lead to a decrease in the sorption. With S-957 resin, REE and TPE were separated for the first time on a phosphorus-containing sorbent by displacement chromatography in the presence of DTPA (diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid).

Contemporary machining methods for ceramic materials are analyzed. Laser, hydroabrasive and high-speed machining are considered. The possibility of using these methods for machining large complexly-shaped ceramic objects having a double surface curvature is evaluated.

Coupling of methyl 16-aminomethyllambertianate with N-Boc-protected ω-amino acids resulted in 16-(N-Boc-aminononan)- and 16-(N-Boc-aminoundecan)amidomethyllabdanoids. Interaction of methyl aminomethyllambertianate with bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2,3-dicarboxylic acid anhydride led to the amide of bicyclo[2.2.1]heptan-1,2-dicarboxylic acid with a labdanoid substituent. Reaction of methyl 16-aminomethyllambertianate with chloroacetyl chloride resulted in methyl 16-(chloroacetylaminomethyl)lambertianate; coupling of the latter with methyl esters of amino acids gave the corresponding amides of methyl lambertianate. The compounds obtained were more cytotoxic toward CEM-13, MT-4, and U-937 tumor cell lines as compared with lambertianic acid; the dose inhibiting tumor cell viability by 50% (CCID50) of the more active compounds was 3.9–9.9 μM.

The mechanism of structure formation and phases formed in the course of synthesis of a glass ceramic lithium aluminosilicate system are analyzed.

The remotely controlled replacement of the concrete covering of the spent fuel dry storage unit 3A with a new iron horizontal biological shielding was carried out during works aimed at the improvement of the radiological environment at the NWC ?SevRAO? - Branch of FSUE ?RosRAO?, Andreeva Bay, Murmansk Region. Video control systems, a BROKK robotic manipulator, HIAB manipulator crane, gamma detectors of the ASCRO radiation monitoring system, and a CARTOGAM gamma camera were employed. A CARTOGAM gamma camera was used in all stages of the work involving high radiation levels for the remote location of the most dangerous gamma radiation sources and the evaluation of their dose rates. Gamma detectors of the ASCRO radiation monitoring system were located at several spots of the dry storage unit 3A in order to control the radiation situation. The use of the ASCRO and CARTOGAM has allowed us to avoid unauthorized exposure of the staff involved in the operations at the dry storage unit 3A site.

Results are presented for a study of functional coating application, for example with increased blackness coefficient, on ceramic and glass ceramic materials. Various methods for coating application used currently are considered. A coating is proposed based on methyl phenyl spirocyloxane polymer (product MFSS-8).

Plutonium dioxide recovered in the course of reprocessing of SNF from WWER reactors (so-called high-level PuO2) was subjected to dissolution in 0.6–3.0 M HNO3 in the presence of Am(III) ions under ozonation with an ozone-oxygen mixture containing 30–180 mg l−1 O3. Measurements of the rate of the PuO2 dissolution in 3 M HNO3 in the temperature interval from 30 to 80°C showed that, with an increase in the ozone concentration in the ozone-oxygen mixture from 30 to 180 mg l−1, the dissolution rate increases by a factor of 4–5. The acceleration of the PuO2 dissolution is attributed to the formation of Am(V,VI) by homogeneous oxidation of Am(III) ions with ozone dissolved in HNO3. The Am dioxocations formed act as PuO2 oxidants and are continuously regenerated by the oxidation of Am(III) with ozone. This assumption is confirmed by an additional increase in the dissolution rate, observed on introducing Am(III) into the initial electrolyte for the PuO2 dissolution.

Some features of external and internal structures of one-year hummocks formed as a result of multiple interaction of ice fields in various time intervals are considered. Using the concrete results of field researches of ice hummocks as examples, both the main differences in their structure as compared with the single hummocks and common features arisen under certain hydrometeorological and ice conditions are demonstrated.

The microstructure, phase composition, and mechanical properties of the alloy 44NKhTYu have been studied using metallography, X-ray diffraction, and acoustic testing. The main peculiarities of the formation of intermetallic phases and their effect on the mechanical properties of the alloy have been determined.

The influence of citrate additions to eluents based on diethylenetriaminopentaacetic acid on the separation of rare-earth elements (REEs) under irradiation were studied experimentally and theoretically. Citric acid additions to the eluent were found to increase the radiation stability of a complexone, leading to a more effective separation of elements. For citrate additions of 0.01 mol/l, the REE concentration in eluates decreased as the eluent decomposition increased. For 0.024 mol/l citrate, the dependence of REE concentration on eluent decomposition had a maximum due to the participation of citric acid in complexation with REE.

The oxidation of n-heptadecane was studied at various partial pressures of oxygen in an oxygen-argon mixture from 100 to 10% and various initiation rates Wi in the range (1–5)·10−6 mol L−1 s−1 at 413 K. The kinetic curves of oxygen uptake and hydroperoxide buildup were obtained under the indicated conditions. The observed features of n-heptadecane oxidation at low concentrations of oxygen may qualitatively be explained and quantitatively described if the oxidation scheme takes into account the cross termination of alkyl and peroxyl radicals R · + RO2 · \(\underrightarrow {k_5 }\) ROOR along with the square termination of peroxyl radicals. A method for determination of the corresponding kinetic parameter by the dependence of the initial oxidation rate on the partial oxygen pressure was proposed. A method for identification of the key reactions and determination of the kinetic parameters by the kinetics of oxygen uptake at lowered oxygen concentrations was developed. The kinetic model of the process was obtained, which quantitatively describes the kinetic curves of oxygen uptake and hydroperoxide buildup at the initial steps of initiated oxidation of n-heptadecane.

Computer recording of thermal drilling rate of ice hummocks and stamukhas gives the objective information on their internal structure and basic morphometric characteristics. Methods of determination of the consolidation layer of ice hummocks and stamukhas and the thermal drilling data processing technique are considered in the paper. The reliability of determination of consolidated layer boundaries on the basis of the thermal drilling rate should be corroborated by the temperature measurements. To estimate the time spent for the ice hummock temperature measurement using the polyethylene tubes which are put into the boreholes and filled with the antifreeze, the experimental study of the borehole freezing rate was carried out depending on the temperature and salinity of ice. The results of experiments corroborating the existence of convection in the antifreeze are given. The used methods of ice hummock temperature measurement are discussed. The method of investigation of ice formations combining the thermal drilling technique and ice temperature measurement on the borehole wall enables to obtain the accurate data on the position of the lower boundary of consolidated layer, although it results in a smaller number of the boreholes.

The changes that occur under conditions of irradiation in a chromatographic system were considered with the use of a mathematical model for eluents with a wide pH range at constant concentration of complexone. The effect of the concentration of complexone and the behavior of individual components of the mixture under separation were studied at constant pH. The character of the change in the concentrations and pH values in eluates was determined. Experimental data obtained earlier were interpreted on the basis of the above considerations.

Simulation of displacement complex-forming chromatography systems under irradiation conditions was performed for eluents based on diethylenetriaminepentaacetate. Acetates, iminodiacetates, formates, glycinates, and succinates were considered as radiolysis products. The model with an acetic acid salt as the radiolysis product best correlated with the experimental data.

The reaction of phlomisoic acid methyl ester with styrene, catalyzed by Pd(OAc)2, in the presence of Cu(OAc)2 and 1,4-benzoquinone in a mixture of propionic acid with diethyl ether gave the corresponding 15,16-distyryl derivative and only traces of 15- and 16-monosubstituted furanolabdanoids. Oxidative coupling of the title compound with methyl acrylate under analogous conditions afforded a mixture of 15-mono-, 16-mono-, and 15,16-dialkenylation products whose ratio changed during the process. The reaction was stereoselective, and the exocyclic double bond in the products had exclusively E configuration.

Existing ceramic technology is analyzed for producing high-speed zenith guided rocket antenna radomes made of glass ceramic OTM-357. This is the main production operations, and their disadvantages are noted. Prospects are considered for modernizing the technology.

Existing technology for manufacturing high-speed zenith guided rocket radomes from quartz and glass ceramic materials is analyzed. The main production operations are provided for this technology, their disadvantages are demonstrated, and ways of improving the quality of components are considered.

Three main materials are considered: sitall, high-alumina and quartz ceramic, currently used for creating rocket radomes. Physicotechnical properties of the materials are provided: thermal shock resistance, thermal conductivity, dielectric permittivity, dielectric loss tangent, and also stability during component operation.

Vilsmeier-Haak reaction of phlomisoic acid methyl ester gave a mixture of 15- and 16-formyllabdanoids. In addition, methyl 2-formyldodecahydrophenanthro[1,2-b]furan-6-carboxylate was isolated, and its structure was determined by X-ray analysis. Reductive amination of 16-formyllabdanoid with benzylamine or α-amino acid methyl esters led to the formation of labdanoid furfurylamines which reacted with maleic anhydride to produce N-substituted 4-oxo-10-oxa-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.01,5]dec-8-ene-6-carboxylic acids. Acylation of labdanoid furfurylamines with (E)-but-2-enoyl chloride afforded the corresponding unsaturated amides which were converted into 10-oxa-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.01,5]dec-8-en-4-ones via intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction. Treatment of the oxa adducts with boron trifluoride-diethyl ether complex gave dihydroisoindol-1-one derivatives containing a diterpene fragment.

Radioparent materials that exist in the world, that may be used in the production of the radome of high-speed zenith guided rocket fairings are analyzed. The main physicotechnical indices are provided for these materials and the future for their application in radome production is indicated.

Places of location of some γ-ray sources on the site for temporary storage of solid radioactive wastes of SevRAO OF-2 Federal State Unitary Enterprise (Gremikha settlement, Murmansk oblast, Russia) were determined using a procedure for remote determination of radiation source coordinates with a Cartogam γ-imaging system. The γ-ray spectra from these radiation sources were recorded using the remote procedure with an ISOCS spectrometric complex. In particular, the isotope composition of γ-active containers Bet8, TK113, L18, and L20 was determined. The main technogenic γ-radiation from these objects is associated with the decay of 137Cs and, to a lesser extent, with the decay of 60Co, 152Eu, and 154Eu. For the Bet8 container, its activity content was estimated (∼1014 Bq). The dependence of the specific activity of the soil surface layer in the guard zone in front of the waste storage site on the distance from the site was determined with a 7 m step. The specific activity considerably decreases with an increase in the distance from the site (from 15–28 kBq kg−1 at a distance of 3 m to 1–2.8 kBq kg−1 at a distance of 10–24 m).

The effect is considered of such operating properties as the design of a molding unit and the method of drying gypsum molds, on the life of the forming surface of molding units. Avoidance of the disadvantages revealed combined with results obtained in part 1 (E. I. Sudal’tsev, D. V. Kharitonov, and A. A. Anashkina, “Increase in the service life of forming surfaces of molding units. Part 1. Study of the improvement of molding unit forming surface material quality,” Novye Ogneupory, No. 2, 30 - 38 (2010).) of this work make it possible to increase the service life of molds by more than a factor of three

Reactions of 16-cyanomethyllambertianate with organozinc reagents obtained from ethyl esters of α-bromoacetic, α-bromopropionic, and α-bromobutyric acids gave the corresponding enaminoesters, β-ketoesters, and β-hydroxyesters of labdanoids whose yield depended on the reaction conditions and the structure of the α-bromoester. By Reformatsky reaction of 16-formylmethyllambertianate with α-bromoesters of carboxylic acids stereoisomeric β-hydroxyesters of labdanoids were synthesized.

Materials are reviewed that are used in manufacturing the forming surfaces of molding units. Choice of the optimum water and gypsum ratio for a gypsum paste is provided and methods are considered for improving gypsum mold quality.

A method for preparing 15,16-epoxylabda-8(9),13(16),14-trien-18-oic (phlomisoic) acid was proposed. Its structure was confirmed by an XSA. N-containing derivatives of phlomisoic acid that contained amines, hydrazides, and methyl esters of amino acids on the C-18 atom in addition to (2-oxo-2-aminoacetyl)-substituted derivatives of the C-16 methyl ester of phlomisoic acid were prepared.

To analyze diagnosis and treatment of patients with tuberculous peritonitis, to develop the algorithms for instrumental examination and differential diagnosis.There were 48 patients with tuberculous peritonitis. The examination included radiography, abdominal and thoracic computed tomography, ultrasound, and laparoscopy. All patients underwent histological, cytological, microbiological and molecular-genetic analysis of abdominal exudate and peritoneal biopsy. Exclusion criterion was signs of secondary peritonitis.Clinical picture of tuberculous peritonitis was accompanied by nonspecific symptoms. Previously identified pulmonary tuberculosis and HIV-infection were present in 93.8 and 70.8% of patients. Diagnostic laparoscopy of abdominal cavity as the main method of instrumental diagnosis together with cytological, molecular-genetic and microbiological research of peritoneal exudate and tissue specimens were useful to determine diagnosis in 87.2-95.8% of cases.Tuberculous peritonitis may be assumed in patients with previous tuberculosis of lungs or other localizations, HIV-infection. Computed tomography is the most informative method to diagnose tuberculous peritonitis. Diagnostic laparoscopy is indicated for suspected tuberculous peritonitis. This procedure is supplemented by peritoneal biopsy, cytological, molecular-genetic and microbiological examination of peritoneal exudate and tissue specimens.Цель исследования - изучение результатов диагностики и лечения больных туберкулезным перитонитом, разработка алгоритмов их инструментального обследования и проведения дифференциального диагноза. Материал и методы. Проведен анализ результатов диагностики и лечения 48 пациентов с туберкулезным перитонитом. В комплекс обследования вошли полипозиционная рентгенография, КТ органов брюшной полости и грудной клетки, УЗИ, видеолапароскопия. Всем больным проведены гистологический, цитологический, микробиологический и молекулярно-генетический анализы экссудата брюшной полости и биоптатов брюшины. Критерием исключения пациентов из исследования были признаки вторичного перитонита. Результаты. Клиническая картина туберкулезного перитонита сопровождалась неспецифической симптоматикой. Туберкулез легких и ВИЧ-инфекции ранее выявлены соответственно у 93,8 и 70,8% больных. Диагностическая видеолапароскопия брюшной полости явилась базовым методом инструментальной диагностики, которая в сочетании с цитологическим, молекулярно-генетическим и микробиологическим исследованиями перитонеального экссудата и биопсийного материала позволила в 87,2-95,8% клинических наблюдений поставить диагноз туберкулезного перитонита. Заключение. Предположить туберкулезную этиологию перитонита позволяет ранее выявленный туберкулез легких или другой локализации, а также сопутствующая ВИЧ-инфекция. Наиболее информативным лучевым методом диагностики туберкулезного перитонита является рентгеновская КТ. Диагностическая видеолапароскопия показана при любом подозрении на туберкулезную этиологию перитонита. Ее необходимо дополнить биопсией брюшины, цитологическим, молекулярно-генетическим и микробиологическим исследованиями перитонеального экссудата и биопсийного материала.

The kinetic characteristics of the autooxidation and initiated oxidation of decene oligomers PAO-2, PAO-4, PAO-6, and PAO-10+ at 120°C were studied. The mechanism of the oxidation of PAO-2 fraction is examined in detail using a mathematical model. The key reactions in the mechanism of PAO-2 oxidation at 120, 130, and 140°C are identified and the kinetic parameters determined. It is shown that the high oxidizability of an oligomer is determined not only by the presence of double bonds and hydroperoxides in samples, but also by high rates of chain initiation and decomposition of hydroperoxides with formation of free radicals. A comparative study of the mechanism of oxidation of a PAO-2 sample prepared using an alternative technology was carried out. It is shown that both the qualitative and quantitative parameters of the oxidation stability of the produced oligomer depend on the production technology. With the aim of enhancing oxidation stability of the initial nonhydrogenated products of oligomerization, the process of oxidation of PAO-2 sample was studied in the presence of antioxidants based on sterically hindered phenols and aromatic amines. It is demonstrated that such inhibitors can be used for anti-oxidation protection of the primary oligomerization products during their storage.

Study of hummocks is a very important applied and scientific problem. The main objective of this work is representing new information on structure of hummocks that were studied in the spring time at the North Pole 35 drifting station. In this paper, methodology and results of studying several hummocks with different morphology are considered. The maximum hummock keel draft varied from 3.5 to 14 m, while the maximum sail height was between 2.5 and 3.9 m. The hummock porosity and porosity of the unconsolidated part of its keel varied in the range of 6–18 and 4–26%, respectively. The average thickness of the hummock consolidated layer stayed in the range from 1.8 to 2.4 m. It was found that relatively small sail heights do not affect the consolidated layer thickness, however higher sails influence on the consolidated layer size. The higher the hummock sail, the less its consolidated layer thickness is.

The reductive amination of methyl 16-formyllambertianate with L-leucine or L-methionine esters resulted in labdanoid furfurylamines whose acylation with maleic anhydride on chlorides of methacrylic or crotonic acids gave the corresponding unsaturated amides that readily entered into the reaction of intramolecular [4+2]-cycloaddition giving the corresponding derivatives of 10-oxa-3-azatricyclo[5.2.1.01,5]dec-8-en-4-one. As a result of a sequence of reactions: The amination of methyl 16-formyllambertianate with cystamine, the acylation of the obtained methyl 16-thiazolidinyllambertianate with the above mentioned acid chlorides or with maleic anhydride, and the intramolecular cyclization of the arising furfurylamine we obtained terpenoid derivayives of 7,9a-epoxyhexahydrothiazolo[2,3-a]isoindol-5-one.