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169. Evaluation of somatic copy number variation detection by NGS technologies and bioinformatics tools on a hyper-diploid cancer genome

Author

Masood, Daniall, Ren, Luyao, Nguyen, Cu, Brundu, Francesco G., Zheng, Lily, Zhao, Yongmei, Jaeger, Erich, Li, Yong, Cha, Seong Won, Halpern, Aaron, Truong, Sean, Virata, Michael, Yan, Chunhua, Chen, Qingrong, Pang, Andy, Alberto, Reyes, Xiao, Chunlin, Yang, Zhaowei, Chen, Wanqiu, Wang, Charles, Cross, Jr., Frank, Catreux, Severine, Shi, Leming, Beaver, Julia A., Xiao, Wenming, and Meerzaman, Daoud M.

Published
2024
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186. Evaluation of intensive community care services for young people with psychiatric emergencies: study protocol for a multi-centre parallel-group, single-blinded randomized controlled trial with an internal pilot phase

Author

Thaventhiran, Thilipan, Wong, Ben Hoi-Ching, Pilecka, Izabela, Masood, Saba, Atanda, Opeyemi, Clacey, Joe, Tolmac, Jovanka, Wehncke, Leon, Romaniuk, Liana, Heslin, Margaret, Tassie, Emma, Chu, Petrina, Bevan-Jones, Rhys, Woolhouse, Ruth, Mahdi, Tauseef, Dobler, Veronika Beatrice, Wait, Mandy, Reavey, Paula, Landau, Sabine, Byford, Sarah, Zundel, Toby, and Ougrin, Dennis

Published
2024
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197. In Silico and In Vitro Studies to Explore the Effect of Thymoquinone on Isocitrate Lyase, Biofilm Formation, and the Expression of Some Virulence Genes in Candida albicans

Author

Masood Alam Khan, Mohd Azam, and Hina Younus

Subjects
black cumin, thymoquinone, virulence genes, infection, Candida albicans, molecular dynamics, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Thymoquinone (TQ), a bioactive compound from black cumin (Nigella sativa), has demonstrated a broad range of therapeutic effects. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antifungal efficacy of TQ by targeting key virulence factors in Candida albicans, specifically focusing on isocitrate lyase (ICL) activity, biofilm formation, and gene expression. This study explored TQ’s impact on ICL, a decisive enzyme in the glyoxylate cycle, along with its effect on hyphal formation, biofilm development, and the virulent gene expression of C. albicans through in silico and in vitro studies. Molecular docking revealed a binding energy of −6.4 kcal/mol between TQ and ICL, indicating moderate affinity. The stability of the ICL-TQ complex was validated through 50 ns molecular dynamics simulations, showing the root mean square deviation (RMSD) values of 0.35 nm for ICL and 0.38 nm for the complex. In vitro studies further validated these findings, showing a dose-dependent inhibition of ICL activity. TQ at 2 µg/mL reduced enzyme activity by 57%, and at 4 µg/mL, by 91.4%. Additionally, TQ disrupted the yeast-to-hyphae switch, a key virulence factor, with 1 and 2 µg/mL doses significantly inhibiting hyphal formation. The biofilm formation was similarly affected, with a 58% reduction at 2 µg/mL and an 83% reduction at 4 µg/mL. TQ also downregulated the ALS1 and HWP1 genes that are associated with adhesion and biofilm development, demonstrating its broad-spectrum antifungal activity. These findings suggest that TQ is a promising candidate for antifungal therapies, targeting multiple virulence factors in C. albicans and potentially overcoming biofilm-associated drug resistance. Future research should focus on in vivo validation, optimization for clinical applications, and expanding its spectrum against other drug-resistant fungal species.

Published
2024
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198. The Role of University Switching Costs, Perceived Service Quality, Perceived University Image and Student Satisfaction in Shaping Student Loyalty

Author

Mazhar Ali, Huma Amir, and Masood Ahm

Abstract

While majority of earlier studies have examined service quality, student satisfaction, and university image as determinants of student loyalty, university switching costs have largely been ignored. This study includes university switching costs with perceived service quality (perceived academic quality, perceived administrative quality, and perceived physical facilities), student satisfaction, and perceived university image as determinants of student loyalty. Data was gathered through purposively sampling undergraduate business students from five universities in Karachi. Using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling, a significant impact of student satisfaction, university image, and university switching costs on student loyalty was established. Universities may provide monetary and non-monetary incentives to increase university switching costs and, consequently, help retain students. This study contributes to student loyalty literature by adapting the customer loyalty definition to educational context, examining the role of university switching costs in retaining students, and presenting an empirical model depicting interrelations among determinants of student loyalty.

Published
2024
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199. Impact of Flipped Classroom on EFL Learners' Self- Regulated Learning and Higher-Order Thinking Skills during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Author

Fatemeh Samadi, Manoocher Jafarigohar, Masood Saeedi, Mansoor Ganji, and Farzaneh Khodabandeh

Abstract

The advent of innovative online tools has ushered in new possibilities for enhancing the quality of language learning. This study delved into the influence of the flipped classroom approach on augmenting the cognitive and meta-cognitive competence of EFL learners. Two distinct participant groups were enlisted for the study's sequential phases, necessitating varying sample sizes to compare the effects of the flipped classroom against traditional instructional modes on the improvement of EFL learners' self-regulated learning strategies and higher-order thinking. Homogeneous groups of language learners were essential for addressing the research inquiries, and participants were selected from two private language institutes in Arak, Iran. Multiple data sources, including a language proficiency test, the Self-Regulation Questionnaire, a flipped classroom attitude questionnaire, and the Higher-Order Thinking Skills Test, were employed to gather the necessary data. The results demonstrated a significant impact of flipped classrooms on learners' utilization of cognitive self-regulated learning strategies, indicating that the flipped classroom approach fosters students' development as self-directed learners. Concerning the influence of the flipped classroom on enhancing EFL learners' higher-order thinking skills, it was deduced that the flipped classroom significantly affected the learners' engagement in evaluating, analyzing, and creating. The implications of these findings underscore the potential of the flipped classroom approach to positively shape EFL learners' self-regulated learning and higher-order thinking skills, advocating for its incorporation into language education practices.

Published
2024
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200. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices of Health Professions Students on Mentorship: A Cross-Sectional Study at a Sub-Saharan African Medical School

Author

Elvis Tamale, Irene Atuhairwe, Arnold Ssemwogerere, Brian Muhimbura, Lorna Atimango, Paddy Derrick Malinga, Jonathan Mulungi, Joseph Ssekitto, Josephine Naigaga, Timothy Mwanje Kintu, Kiran Mitha Masood, Victor Ohuruogu, and Joseph Ngonzi

Abstract

Background: Mentoring involves the informal conveyance of knowledge, social capital, and support, as perceived by the recipient to be pertinent to aspects of work, career, and personal or professional development. Students pursuing health-related courses need access to mentorship and its benefits during their formative academic and career states. However, in Sub-Saharan Africa, many institutions have not fully embraced this despite the benefits of mentorship. Aim: The primary purpose of this study was to assess medical students' knowledge about mentorship and explore their attitudes and practices toward mentorship. Methodology: We held an online cross-sectional study utilizing a pre-tested self-reported questionnaire targeting health professional students in the faculty of medicine, Mbarara University of Science and Technology (MUST). The collected data were coded and summarized using descriptive statistics and thematic analysis. Results: Two hundred eighty-three (283) students participated in this study. Of this group, 79.9% were aware of mentorship, 61% were willing to commit 1-2 h a week for mentorship, and Zoom was the preferred mode of communication; 98.2% expressed the need for a structured student-led hybrid mentorship program. Conclusion: Mentorship at Mbarara University of Science and Technology was considered beneficial by health professions students in the Faculty of Medicine. Recommendation: Future studies should explore accessibility to mentorship and the effectiveness of existing mentorship processes.

Published
2024
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