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Aims To evaluate relationships between diet quality and cardiovascular outcomes. Methods Six databases were searched for studies published between January 2007 and October 2021. Eligible studies included cohort studies that assessed the relationship between a priori diet quality and cardiovascular disease mortality and morbidity in adults. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Checklist was used to assess the risk of bias. Study characteristics and outcomes were extracted from eligible studies using standardised processes. Data were summarised using risk ratios for cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality with difference compared for highest versus lowest diet quality synthesised in meta-analyses using a random effects model. Results Of the 4780 studies identified, 159 studies (n = 6 272 676 adults) were included. Meta-analyses identified a significantly lower cardiovascular disease incidence (n = 42 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82–0.84, p < 0.001) and mortality risk (n = 49 studies, relative risk 0.83, 95% CI 0.82–0.84, p < 0.001) among those with highest versus lowest diet quality. In sensitivity analyses of a high number of pooled studies (≥13 studies) the Mediterranean style diet patterns and adherence to the heart healthy diet guidelines were significantly associated with a risk reduction of 15% and 14% for cardiovascular disease incidence and 17% and 20% for cardiovascular disease mortality respectively (p < 0.05). Conclusions Higher diet quality is associated with lower incidence and risk of mortality for cardiovascular disease however, significant study heterogeneity was identified for these relationships.

Aim: This study investigates the effects of degree of multilingualism on cognitive functions in adulthood, with focus on episodic memory recall and including measures of verbal fluency as well as global cognition. Design: We studied a large population-based cohort cross-sectionally, and we also assessed changes over time through longitudinal measurements on four time-points over a 15 year period. Participants were drawn from the Betula prospective cohort study in Umeå, Sweden. The participants included in this study at baseline (n = 894, mean age = 51.44, 59.4% females) were divided according to number of languages into bilinguals (n = 395), trilinguals (n = 284), quadrilinguals (n = 169), and pentalinguals (n = 46). Data and analysis: We analysed performance on tasks of episodic memory recall, verbal fluency (letter and category) and global cognition (Minimental State Examination, MMSE) both cross-sectionally and longitudinally. The control background variables were baseline age, gender, years of education, general fluid ability Gf (Wechsler Block Design Test), and socioeconomic status. We employed a linear mixed modelling approach with entropy balancing weights to assess effects of degree of multilingualism on cognitive functions. Findings and conclusions: Using bilinguals as the reference group, our results indicated that all the other multilingual groups exhibited superior performance on episodic memory recall than bilinguals at baseline. The rate of change over time did not differ for trilinguals and pentalinguals compared to bilinguals. While quadrilinguals declined more over time than bilinguals, they still scored significantly higher than bilinguals at the last test wave. For letter fluency, similarly, all language groups scored higher than bilinguals at baseline, and none of the groups differed from bilinguals in rate of change over time. With regard to category fluency, quadrilinguals scored higher than bilinguals at baseline, but trilinguals and pentaling, Validerad;2024;Nivå 2;2024-03-15 (hanlid);Funder: Swedish Council for Planning and Coordination of Research (Forskningsrådsnämnden) (D1988-0092, D1989-0115, D1990-0074, D1991-0258, D1992-0143, D1997-0756, D1997-1841, D1999-0739 and B1999-474); Swedish Council for Research in the Humanities and Social Sciences (F377/1988-2000); Swedish Council for Social Research (1988-1990: 88-0082, 311/1991-2000);Full text license: CC BY

The vast oxygen-depleted area of the central Baltic Sea is the largest human-induced dead zone in the world with 70,000 km2 or approximately three times the second largest one in the Gulf of Mexico. Methane occurs in high concentrations in bottom waters (3200 nM) and sediments (30 mM), and its dynamics is better constrained for the water column, but still poorly understood on sediments. Here we show that sediment accumulation rate plays a major role in regulating the quantity of organic matter and its residence time in the sulphate reduction and methanogenesis zones and, therefore, affects methane generation, consumption, and diffusive flux in sediments near the seafloor (< 1 m). High fluxes found in high sediment accumulation rate areas and competition for substrate (organoclastic sulphate reduction vs. anaerobic oxidation of methane with sulphate), compromise the ability of the thin microbial filter to consume and prevent methane diffusion through the seafloor.

Background: A new app, Sukaribit, was designed to enable contact between the caregiver and the patient with the intent to improve self-care and glycemic control (hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]). Objective: This study investigated the feasibility of the study methodology and the intervention in preparation for a larger effectiveness study. Methods: Adults with type 2 diabetes were recruited in this randomized controlled feasibility study with a mixed methods design. The intervention group (n=28) tried Sukaribit for 2 months. They were encouraged to report blood glucose levels and medications, and they received feedback from a physician. The control group (n=31) received standard care. Both groups were evaluated with pre and postmeasurements of glycemic control (HbA1c), diabetes distress, physical activity, and self-care. Feasibility was evaluated against 5 progression criteria regarding recruitment, study methods, and active participation. Results: Of the 5 progression criteria, only 2 were met or partially met. The recruitment process exceeded expectations, and data collection worked well for self-reported data but not for HbA1c measured with a home testing kit. The participants were less active than anticipated, and the effect sizes were small. Only the number of blood glucose tests per day was positively affected by the intervention, with 0.6 more tests per day in the intervention group. Conclusions: Recruitment of participants to a future fully powered study may work with minor adjustments. The collection of HbA1c using home testing constituted a major problem, and an alternative strategy is warranted. Finally, the app was not used as intended. In order to proceed with a larger study, the app and study procedures need improvement.

Objective: Previous research has shown that daily activities are crucial for mental health among older people, and that such activities declined during the COVID-19 pandemic. While previous studies have confirmed a link between stringent restrictions and an increase in mental ill-health, the role of daily activities as a mediator in this relationship remains underexplored. We analyzed whether reductions in daily activities mediated the impact of these COVID-19 restrictions on mental ill-health during the pandemic’s initial phase. Methods: We used data from Wave 8 SHARE Corona Survey covering 41,409 respondents from 25 European countries and Israel as well as data on COVID-19 restrictions from the Oxford Government Response Tracker (OxCGRT). Multilevel regression and multilevel-mediation analysis were used to examine the relationships between restrictions, daily activities and mental ill-health. Results: Reductions in walking and shopping showed a notably stronger association with increases in mental ill-health compared to social activities. Furthermore, declines in walking could account for about a quarter of the relationship between restrictions and increased mental ill-health, but the mediating effects of the other activates were negligible. Conclusions: The study highlights the essential role of maintaining daily activities, particularly walking, to mitigate the negative psychological effects of pandemic-related restrictions among older populations in Europe.

BACKGROUND: Occupational Health Service (OHS) is a service that should support employers and employees with theirwork environment. Previous research indicates the need for deeper knowledge about the effect of workplace interventionswith a focus on planning, organizing and designing the workplace to improve work conditions in hospital settings. OBJECTIVE: The aim was to evaluate the outcomes, workplace interventions and intervention strategies in hospital settings. METHODS: A systematic literature review was conducted. CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Scopus, and Web of ScienceCore Collection were searched in September 2021. The Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool was used to evaluate the quality ofthe included studies. Study results are presented through a narrative synthesis. A protocol for this study was registered onthe Open Science Framework. RESULTS: Twenty-six studies, published between 2010 and 2021, were included. These included randomized controlledtrials (RCTs), non-RCTs, and mixed methods reports with moderate to good quality. The results support the use of workplaceinterventions to improve work conditions, health, and well-being in hospital settings. Combinations of different interventions,tailored to the specific organization, were used. Important intervention strategies commonly used in the start-up, evaluation,and intervention of successful workplace interventions, were identified. Using a pragmatist complexity approach in workplaceinterventions can improve outcomes by providing clear intervention strategies and combinations of tailored interventions,related to context specific problems. CONCLUSION: OHS support in workplace interventions with clear intervention strategies will contribute to improve workconditions, health and well-being in hospital settings., Corrected Proof

Background: There are important unmet clinical needs to develop cell enrichment technologies to enable unbiased label-free isolation of both single cell and clusters of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) manifesting heterogeneous lineage specificity. Here, we report a pilot study based on the microfluidic acoustophoresis enrichment of CTCs using the CellSearch CTC assay as a reference modality. Methods: Acoustophoresis uses an ultrasonic standing wave field to separate cells based on biomechanical properties (size, density, and compressibility), resulting in inherently label-free and epitope-independent cell enrichment. Following red blood cell lysis and paraformaldehyde fixation, 6 mL of whole blood from 12 patients with metastatic prostate cancer and 20 healthy controls were processed with acoustophoresis and subsequent image cytometry. Results: Acoustophoresis enabled enrichment and characterization of phenotypic CTCs (EpCAM+, Cytokeratin+, DAPI+, CD45-/CD66b-) in all patients with metastatic prostate cancer and detected CTC-clusters composed of only CTCs or heterogeneous aggregates of CTCs clustered with various types of white blood cells in 9 out of 12 patients. By contrast, CellSearch did not detect any CTC clusters, but detected comparable numbers of phenotypic CTCs as acoustophoresis, with trends of finding a higher number of CTCs using acoustophoresis. Conclusion: Our preliminary data indicate that acoustophoresis provides excellent possibilities to detect and characterize CTC clusters as a putative marker of metastatic disease and outcomes. Moreover, acoustophoresis enables the sensitive label-free enrichment of cells with epithelial phenotypes in blood and offers opportunities to detect and characterize CTCs undergoing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transitioning and lineage plasticity.

Road dust is an important source to airborne particles in the Nordic countries. It consists of wear products from road pavement, tyres, brakes, traction sand, salt and dust dragged in from adjacent unbound roads or deposited from nearby or long distance dust sources, like building sites and farmland. The cold climate in the Nordic countries enhances the formation of road dust compared to most European countries, since it promotes the use of studded tyres, which abrades the road surfaces, and winter maintenance where dust forming material is added to the road surfaces. The NORDUST II project has aimed to enhance knowledge about road dust emissions through extensive investigations, including laboratory and field studies, measurements, modeling, and future scenarios. An initial work package summarized current knowledge on mitigating road dust emissions. It found that dust binding solutions are most effective during acute dust episodes, while sweeping is beneficial on a seasonal basis. Preventive measures during autumn and winter can reduce airborne dust in spring. A core component of the project was experimental parameterization of processes in the NORTRIP emissions model. Studies revealed that vehicle weight and speed significantly influence particulate matter (PM) emissions, with heavier vehicles and higher speeds increasing emissions. The type of tire and road surface properties also play crucial roles.Experiments showed that winter sand is quickly crushed into finer fractions when driven over, but only a small portion of the sand mass is crushed. Coarse particles are removed more efficiently than finer particles at low speeds, but all particles are removed at speeds above 20 km/h. A field test in Linköping, Sweden, examined the removal of the dust binder CMA by traffic. Results indicated that the NORTRIP model could largely replicate the impact of traffic migration on CMA concentrations., Research funding provided by Statens vegvesen, Trafikverket, Väylävirasto, Vegagerðin and Vejdirektoratet.

Under perioden 2021-2025 bokförs medlemsstaternas åtagande inom LULUCF-sektorn enligt LULUCF-förordningen (EU) 2018/841. Åtagandet innebär att LULUCF-sektorn inte ska generera några bokförda nettoutsläpp för perioden 2021-2025. Kategorierna i LULUCF-sektorn har olika bokföringsregler. För brukad skogsmark bokförs utsläpp eller upptag relativt en särskilt fastställd referensnivå (FRL, Forest Reference Level). I detta projekt föreslås en metod för omallokering av kolförrådsförändringar i de kolpooler som idag inte är direkt jämförbara mellan rapporterade data inom växthusgasrapporteringen och bokföringsreferensen för brukad skogsmark (FRL). Vidare har teknisk korrigering av FRL undersökts och en process för vidare arbete med teknisk korrigering av FRL föreslås. Syftet med teknisk korrigering av FRL är att FRL ska vara konsistent med den årliga växthusgasrapporteringen och kan t.ex. medges om underlagsdata eller modeller som användes i FRL ändras. Metoden för omallokeringen utgår från att separera stubbar från markkol och förna som simulerats för FRL i Q-modellen. Nedbrytning av markkol, stubbar och grövre rötter har därför delats upp i de två poolerna markkol och stubbar, med hjälp av nedbrytningsklasser som baserats på Riksskogstaxeringens permanenta ytor. Övergången till markkol sker när en stubbe övergår till att inte längre vara en stubbe (nedbrytningen har nått ett visst stadium) och skattades till 21 år för gran, 23 år för tall och 10 år för löv. Vägledningen kring teknisk korrigering av FRL är inte tydlig och därför föreslås en process med avsikt att förtydliga om och hur en teknisk korrigering bör ske. Fram till dess föreslås en nivåjustering av den framtagna FRL i enlighet med IPCC riktlinjer (baserat på den redan framtagna FRL). Vidare behövs en fortsatt dialog med/mellan Naturvårdsverket, EU-kommissionen och Joint Research Center (JRC) för klargöranden kring processen. Om en teknisk korrigering av FRL fastslås bör en insats göras inför submission 2027 i for, In this project, a method for reallocation of carbon stock changes is suggested for carbon pools in the reference level for 2021 to 2025 for forest land (FRL), which currently are not compatible with reported data to the GHG reporting. In addition, a technical correction of the FRL has been investigated and a process for future work with technical correction of the FRL is suggested. Technical correction of the FRL can be admitted if supporting data of models that are used in FRL are changed. The method for reallocation is based on separating the stumps from the soil carbon pool that was simulated aggregated for FRL with the Q-model. The decomposition of soil carbon, stumps and coarse roots has been divided in stumps and soil carbon with decomposition classes based on permanent plots from the National Forest Inventory. The transition to soil carbon occurs when a stump passes over to no longer being a stump (the decomposition has reached a certain state) and was estimated to 21 years for Norway spruce, 23 years for Pine and 10 years for deciduous forest. The guidance on technical correction of FRL is not clear and therefore a process with the aim of clarifying if and how a technical correction should be done is suggested. Until then, a level adjustment of the current FRL is suggested, in accordance with the IPCC Guidelines. Further, a continuous dialogue between the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency, The European Committee and the Joint Research Center (JRC) is needed for clarification around the process. If a technical correction of the FRL is established, additional efforts are needed for submission 2027, by developing in-data and calibration of the Q-model.

Sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR) are often insufficiently engaged with in professional higher education. This study presents results from a mapping of SRHR indicators in formal higher education documents relating to 11 higher educational profession programmes in Norway. The findings show a modest level of inclusion of SRHR indicators but a low level of constructive alignment between different levels of educational documents regarding SRHR. These findings likely negatively impact the ability to reach sustainable development goals (SDGs) relating to sexual health (SDG 3: Good health and well-being) and gender equality (SDG 5: Genderequality), both of which highlight SRHR as an important contributor to population health and development. To meet the population’s needs for SRHR, formal documents in higher education should display greater clarity, and ensure that education, regardless of type, placement and context, provides equal knowledge and competence on SRHR for future professionals., CC BY 4.0

The amount of people with dementia in Sweden is increasing, as are the associated costs. Thus, technological innovations, digitalization, and new work practices are becoming more crucial to accommodate this development. There is an increasing demand for a more time-effective dementia diagnosis process, and one area for improvement is within speech assessments. This thesis has investigated whether it is possible to develop an interface for multidimensional clinical language analysis of dementia. The result was an automated tool that evaluates transcribed speech from several different dimensions. These include a machine learning prediction, a syntactic analysis in the form of a word dependency plot, a semantic analysis, and a series of different linguistic features. The visualization was created with the Python package Gradio and divided into two tabs: one with the numerical values and one with graphs to facilitate comparisons to baselines from the data. Furthermore, a market analysis has been conducted to investigate the potential of such an application in the Swedish medical market and where it could be implemented. This was conducted through interviews with three different market participants. From the interviews, it was found that there is potential for such an application for speech-language pathologists, who conduct more thorough speech assessments. The interviews revealed that the analysis of speech is still heavily manual-intensive and presents an opportunity for time optimization. It is in this aspect that the market viability of the tool lies., Antalet personer i Sverige med demens ökar, liksom kostnaderna inom demensvården. Tekniska innovationer, digitalisering och nya arbetssätt blir därför allt mer avgörande för att utrusta sjukvården för denna förändring. Det finns ett ökat behov av en mer tidseffektiv demensutredning och ett förbättringsområde är inom talbedömningar. Detta examensarbete har undersökt om det är möjligt att utveckla ett gränssnitt för multidimensionell klinisk språkanalys av demens. Resultatet blev ett automatiserat verktyg som utvärderar transkriberat tal från flera olika dimensioner. Detta inkluderar en maskininlärningsmodell, en syntaktisk analys i form av ett språkträd, en semantisk analys och en utvärdering av olika språkliga egenskaper. Visualiseringen var skapad med hjälp av Python-paketet Gradio och delades upp i två flikar: en med numeriska värden och en med grafer för att underlätta jämförelser med referensvärden från datan. Vidare har en marknadsanalys genomförts för att undersöka potentialen för en sådan applikation inom den svenska vården och var verktyget skulle kunna implementeras. Denna analys har genomförts genom intervjuer med tre olika marknadsaktörer. Man fann att det finns potential för ett sådant verktyg för logopeder, som utför mer noggranna talbedömningar. Intervjuerna avslöjade att analysen av tal fortfarande är en manuellt intensiv process som lämnar utrymme för tidsoptimering och att det är i denna aspekt som verktygets marknadspotential finns.

In the modern world, people are not moving enough. People can sit down for multiple hours in a row at an office job, which can lead to multiple health risks like obesity, depression and cancer. One way of counteracting this sedentary behavior is to encourage people to move more by playing exergames, video games that require the player to move and exert themselves to play. The benefit of playing exergames does, however, only apply when they are continually played over a longer period of time. To see how well exergames work over a longer period of time, two casual physics based exergames were developed. Each exergame was then played 100 times each by both authors to see how score and movement changed over time. It was found that both games required greater movement to get higher scores. The movement amount of the exergames slightly decreased over time in some cases but, most often, stayed at the same level or increased over time.

Syfte – Utifrån arbetets problembeskrivning har följande syfte formulerats: Syftet med arbetet är att identifiera möjligheten till, samt lönsamheten av en effektivisering av interna transporter genom AGV-lösningar hos producerande företag. Utifrån syftet har följande frågeställningar formulerats: I. Vilka krav ställs på företag för att kunna effektivisera interna transporter genom AGV-lösningar? II. Hur påverkar införandet av AGV-lösningar effektiviseringen av de interna transporterna? III. Vilka faktorer kan spela in vid beräkningar av AGV-lösningars lönsamhet? Metod – Studien är en fallstudie, i en enfallsstudies riktning där insamlade data har inhämtats med hjälp av observationer, intervjuer, frekvensstudier och dokumentstudier för att besvara studiens frågeställningar. Vidare grundar sig metoderna främst på insamlingen av data hos fallföretaget, men även hos truckleverantörer. Då arbetet är baserat på ett fall, har även många teorier studerats för att skapa ett generaliserbart arbete. Avslutningsvis har mycket fokus under arbetets gång legat på att säkerställa en hög trovärdighet i arbetet. Exempel på detta är triangulering av metoder, användning av peer-reviewed källor samt transparens kring utförandet. Resultat – Arbetets resultat visar tydliga behov för verksamheter att analysera flödet vid intresse av att införa en AGV-lösning. Detta bör göras för att skapa en mer effektiv implementering med mer lovande resultat. Vidare har resultaten visat att införandet av AGV-lösningar är mest aktuellt och tillämpningsbart vid simpla, repetitiva flöden. Avslutningsvis har det identifierats att lönsamheten i implementeringen kan variera då verksamheters krav varierar. Dock skapar implementeringen möjligheter för omplacering av personal vilket kan bidra till ökad lönsamhet. Implikationer – Implikationer av arbetet berör vikten av att utföra en nulägesanalys. Vidare implikationer är användning av standardisering för att säkerställa jämna flöden, samt investeringskalkyler för, Purpose – Using the problem description, the following purpose has been formulated: The purpose of the work is to identify the possibility, as well as profitability, of increased efficiency in internal transport through AGV-solutions in manufacturing companies. Based on the purpose, the following research questions have been formulated: I. What requirements are set on companies to increase efficiency of internal transports through AGV-solutions? II. How does the introduction of AGV-solutions affect the efficiency of internal transports? III. What factors can impact the calculations of an AGV-solutions’ profitability? Method – The study is a case study in a single-case study direction, where the data has been collected using observations, interviews, frequency studies and document studies to answer the study’s research questions. Furthermore, the methods are mainly based on the collection of data at the case company, but also with the truck suppliers. As the work is based on one case, many theories have been studied to create a generalizable work. Finally, a lot of focus during the work has been on securing a high level of credibility in the work. Examples of this are triangulation of methods, use of peer-reviewed sources and transparency about the execution. Findings – The result of the study highlights a clear need for businesses to analyze their workflows when considering the implementation of an AGV solution. This should be done to ensure a more efficient implementation with more promising outcomes. Furthermore, the results have shown that the adoption of AGV solutions is most relevant and applicable in simple, repetitive workflows. Finally, it has been identified that the profitability of implementation can vary as businesses requirements differ. However, the implementation creates opportunities for staff redeployment, which can contribute to increased profitability. Implications – Further implications of the work touch upon the importance of conducting a curren

As the future of construction machine operations is to become autonomous or remotely controlled, there is a need to establish safe operations inside the cabin. One such safety measure is to be able to detect people inside the cabin of a machine. In this thesis, a Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave (FMCW) mmWave radar from Texas Instruments (TI) has been used to collect data inside a wheel loader cabin provided by Volvo Construction Equipment. To classify the data and distinguish between a person, an empty cabin, and an inanimate object, the clustering algorithm Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) has been used. The thesis has also investigated the possibility of extracting respiratory rate from the radar signal in a controlled office environment. To do this, a Butterworth filter was used on the range bin where the subject was sitting. The results presented in this thesis prove the methods successful in controlled environments, with an accuracy of up to 91 % when distinguishing between a person and an inanimate object. The extraction of respiratory rate had an average absolute error of 0.82 Breaths Per Minute (BPM). Even though the results prove the methods successful they fail to distinguish between a person and an inanimate object when noise is introduced from vibrations of the motor. Further work needs to be done in order to filter the vibration noise from the signal.

Introduktion: Denna studie undersöker effekterna av biofilisk design och grönområden i urbana miljöer på folkhälsan. Mot bakgrund av ökande urbanisering och miljömässiga utmaningar, har forskning identifierat naturliga miljöer som en nyckelfaktor för att förbättra mentala, fysiska och sociala hälsoutfall. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att utforska hur biofilisk design och gröna ytor kan integreras i stadsplanering för att förbättra allmän hälsa och välbefinnande. Studien syftar även till att identifiera specifika element av biofilisk design som är mest effektiva i urbana kontexter. Metod: Genom en strukturerad litteraturstudie har forskning om biofilisk design och grönområden analyserats. Elva originalartiklar från databaserna CINAHL och MEDLINE har granskats för att utvärdera deras inverkan på psykologiska och fysiologiska hälsoutfall samt social sammanhållning. Resultat: Resultaten visar att grönområden och biofilisk design signifikant främjar mental och fysisk hälsa. Särskilt noterades en minskad risk för psykiatriska störningar och bättre fysiska hälsoresultat som lägre blodtryck och ökad vitalitet. Socialt bidrog dessa miljöer till ökad sammanhållning och gemenskapskänsla. Slutsats: Studien visar på att integrering av gröna ytor och naturliga element i stadsplanering är väsentlig för att främja en hållbar folkhälsa. Framtida forskning bör fokusera på att ytterligare utforska de socioekonomiska faktorerna som påverkar tillgången till och effekterna av dessa designelement. Effektiv integrering av biofilisk design kan förändra urban hälsoplanering och stärka samhällens resiliens mot miljömässiga och psykosociala stressorer., Introduction: This study examines the impacts of biophilic design and green spaces in urban environments on public health. During rising urbanization and environmental challenges, natural settings have been identified as key to improving mental, physical, and social health outcomes. Aim: This research aims to explore how biophilic design and green areas can be incorporated into urban planning to enhance overall health and well-being. It also seeks to identify which elements of biophilic design are most effective within urban contexts. Methods: A structured literature review was conducted, analyzing research on biophilic design and green spaces. Eleven original articles from the CINAHL and MEDLINE databases were reviewed to assess their impact on psychological and physiological health outcomes, as well as social cohesion. Results: The findings suggest that green spaces and biophilic design significantly promote mental and physical health. Notably, they reduce the risk of psychiatric disorders and improve physical health outcomes such as lower blood pressure and increased vitality. Socially, these environments enhance community cohesion and a sense of belonging. Conclusion: The study confirms that integrating green spaces and natural elements into urban planning is essential for promoting sustainable public health. Future research should further investigate the socioeconomic factors influencing access to and the effects of these design elements. Effective integration of biophilic design could change urban health planning and strengthen community resilience against environmental and psychosocial stressors.

Bakgrund: I Sverige föds det mellan 86 000–120 000 barn per år och har gjorts sedan 70-talet. Av alla barn som föds behöver 10% vårdas på neonatalavdelning, en tredjedel vårdas på grund av prematuritet och två tredjedelar för andra hälsoproblem som exempelvis andningsstörning och infektion. Det har gjorts studier på djur där avnavling utförts innan gasutbytet i lungan har etablerats, där kan ses att cirkulationen allvarligt försämras. Resultatet i dessa studier har lett fram till den pågående SAVE-studien där nyfödda barn återupplivas med intakt navelsträng. Det innebär att stimulering, luftvägsrensning och ventilation sker utan att navelsträngen klampas och klipps. SAVE-studien syftar till att undersöka om barn i behov av återupplivning efter födseln återhämtar sig snabbare och om järndepåerna blir högre om navelsträngen klipps vid ett senare skede. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa samarbetet mellan neonatalpersonal och förlossningspersonal på förlossningsrummet vid ventilation med intakt navelsträng.Metod: Denna kvalitativa studie är en del av en nationell multicenterstudie vid namn Sustained cord circulation And Ventilation (SAVE) vars syfte är att implementera och utvärdera ventilation med intakt navelsträng för alla barn i Sverige. Kvalitativ innehållsanalys enligt Graneheim och Lundman med induktiv ansats valdes för att besvara studiens syfte. Den kvalitativa studiedesignen valdes för att förklara, analysera och identifiera mönster. Resultat: Kommunikationen blev påverkad på förlossningsrummet vid ventilation med sen avnavling. Det upplevdes svårt att tala fritt när föräldrarna var närvarande, vilket försvårade samarbetet för teamet. Neonatalpersonalen tyckte att det var svårt att överlämna uppgiften att kontrollera utrustningen för återupplivning till förlossningspersonalen, denna rutin fanns på vissa sjukhus. Ibland fungerade inte utrustningen när kontroller genomfördes eller när utrustningen skulle användas vid en återupplivningssituation. Det upple, Background: In Sweden, between 86 000 and 120 000 newborns are born each year, a trend that has continued since the 1970s. Of all the newborns, 10 % require care in neonatal units. One-third of these newborns are admitted due to prematurity, while the remaining two-thirds face other health issues such as respiratory problems and infections. There have been studies on animals where early cord clamping before lung gas exchange is established leads to a serious deterioration in circulation. The findings from these studies have informed the ongoing SAVE-study, where newborns are resuscitated with the intact umbilical cord. The SAVE-study aims to investigate whether infants in need of resuscitation after birth recover more quickly when the cord is cut at a later stage. Aim: The study's purpose was to highlight the collaboration between neonatal staff and delivery room personnel during ventilation using the intact umbilical cord.Method: This qualitative study is part of a national multicenter study called Sustained Cord Circulation and Ventilation (SAVE), which aims to implement and evaluate ventilation using the intact umbilical cord for all infants in Sweden. Qualitative content analysis, following the approach by Graneheim and Lundman, was selected as method to address the study’s purpose. The qualitative study design was chosen to explain, analyze, and identify patterns. Results: Communication was affected in the delivery room during ventilation with late umbilical cord removal. It was perceived as difficult to speak freely when the parents were present, which made collaboration difficult for the team. Neonatal staff found it difficult to hand over the task of checking the resuscitation equipment to delivery staff, this routine existed in some hospitals. Sometimes the equipment did not work when checks were carried out or when the equipment was to be used in resuscitation situations. It felt cramped in the delivery room with a lot of equipment in the way, which made c

Anorexia nervosa (AN) är en psykiatrisk sjukdom där personen som är drabbad svälter sig och aktivt försöker gå ner i vikt genom olika tillvägagångssätt. Anorexia nervosa drabbar främst kvinnor och har ofta debut i tonåren. Sjukdomen kan vara svårbehandlad och är ofta förenad med lång återhämtning. Anorexia nervosa kan ge allvarliga somatiska komplikationer och orsaka för tidig död. En väl utformad vård och snabb handläggning är av stor vikt för att ge goda möjligheter till återhämtning. Syftet med denna studie var att belysa patienters upplevelse av att vårdas för anorexia nervosa. Metoden utgörs av en litteraturöversikt där tolv kvalitativa artiklar använts i resultatet. Under dataanalysen framkom fyra teman och sju subteman. Resultatet visar att patienterna upplever en ambivalens inför att söka vård och vårdas för sin sjukdom. De upplever att vårdandet kretsar kring mat och vikt i stället för att utgå från de bakomliggande känslorna. Vårdrelationen belyses som en betydande del i hur patienterna upplever vårdandet och påverkar hur väl vårdandet kan tillgodogöras. Patienterna önskar vara delaktiga i sin vård och bli sedd som en hel människa. Vidare visar resultatet att patienterna upplever att olika vårdsammanhang påverkar möjligheten att tillgodogöra sig behandling. Diskussionen belyser hur ambivalensen påverkar vårdandet och sjuksköterskans bristande kunskaper i att vårda patienterna med anorexia nervosa. Patienternas behov av att bearbeta de bakomliggande känslorna belyses och vidare förs en diskussion om vårdandet skulle kunna anpassas efter patientens livsvärld.

Bakgrund: Palliativ vård i livets slutskede är vården som ges under patienters sista tid i livet och syftar till att lindra lidande och främja livskvalité. Tidigare forskning visar att sjuksköterskor upplever tidsbrist och otillräcklig kunskap för att möta patienter och anhöriga i vården i livets slutskede. Sjuksköterskor beskriver att tidsbrist och kunskapsbrist påverkar omvårdnaden i livets slutskede. Sjuksköterskor anser att anhöriga är en viktig del för högkvalitativ vård men upplever att omständigheter påverkar omvårdnaden av palliativ vård i livets slutskede. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva anhörigas erfarenheter av palliativ vård i livets slutskede. Metod: En allmän litteraturöversikt enligt Friberg. Åtta kvalitativa artiklar, två kvantitativa artiklar en artikel med mixad metod har analyserats. Resultat: Anhöriga upplevde att kommunikation och stöd bidrog till att vårdrelationer skapades med vårdpersonal. Anhöriga beskrev att delaktighet var betydelsefullt för att tillgodose närståendes behov. Smärtlindring för närstående var ett grundläggande behov enligt anhöriga. Slutsats: Det kan finnas en kunskapslucka hos sjuksköterskor och den grundläggande utbildningen bör innehåll mer kunskap om kommunikation, stöd, delaktighet och smärtlindring. Detta för att tillgodose anhörigas och närståendes behov i palliativ vård i livets slutskede

Introduktion: I ambulansen sker ett dyadiskt teamarbete, där två personer, varav minst en sjuksköterska, arbetar tillsammans. Ett effektivt och välfungerande teamarbete har visat sig främja personalens hälsa och trygghet samt öka patientsäkerheten, medan hinder i teamarbetet kan skapa ineffektivitet och öka risken för misstag. Syfte: Specialistsjuksköterskors upplevelser av dyadiskt teamarbete i prehospital miljö. Metod: Studien har en kvalitativ design med induktiv ansats. Åtta specialistsjuksköterskor, arbetande på akutambulans i Sverige, intervjuades via semistrukturerade intervjuer. Kvalitativ manifest innehållsanalys valdes som analysmetod. Resultat: Analysen resulterade i fyra kategorier; vikten av öppenhet och trygghet, känslor av ensamhet och otrygghet, kommunikationens betydelse samt kompetens och erfarenhet påverkar samarbetet. Resultatet visade att specialistsjuksköterskorna upplevde att tillit inom teamet var avgörande för teamarbetet, där tryggheten i samspelet med kollegan bidrog till både lust och säkerhet i arbetet. Vid bristande tillit i teamarbetet kunde känslor av ensamhet och otrygghet uppstå vilket kunde ge osäkerhet i arbetet. Kommunikationen i teamet var viktigt för att kunna sköta sitt jobb och vid tydlig kommunikation minskade risken för missförstånd. Specialistsjuksköterskorna beskrev att erfarenhet och kompetens var en stark orsak till trygghet i teamarbetet. Slutsats: En slutsats utifrån studiens resultat är att det är viktigt att det dyadiska teamet i ambulansen är tillitsfullt och har en öppen karaktär. Att man vågar lita på varandra i teamet och att man har en gemensam bild av det arbete som skall genomföras. Att arbetet i ambulansen både blir roligare och säkrare om man har en bra kommunikation och försöker skapa en atmosfär som är tillåtande och utvecklande. Ett teamarbete med bristande tillit leder till osäkerhet, tvivel och ökar risken för missförstånd. Det behövs ytterligare studier för att utveckla metoder för att stärka den psyk