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Using a silicon photodiode, we have performed measurements of the power emitted by a vacuum arc in the UV and visible spectral ranges. Measurements have been carried out upon stabilizing the arc by an axial magnetic field in high-current modes with developed anodic activity. The power of radiation emerging from the arc through the side surface is measured. The results obtained show that, when analyzing the energy balance of a high-current vacuum arc, the radiation must be taken into account.

Aim. To assess the efficacy and safety of using the drug Extimia BIOCAD (international nonproprietary name INN: empegfilgrastim) in order to reduce the frequency and duration of neutropenia, the frequency of febrile neutropenia (FN) and infections manifested by FN in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases receiving myelosuppressive therapy. Materials and methods. This publication presents the interim results of a multicenter retrospective prospective observational post-marketing study of the safety and efficacy of the drug Extimia BIOCAD (INN: empegfilgrastim) in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases receiving cytotoxic therapy (LEGERITY). The interim data analysis included 40 patients with lymphoproliferative diseases (Hodgkins lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, multiple myeloma, primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, splenic marginal zone lymphoma), who were treated in ten research centers of the Russian Federation (Moscow, St. Petersburg, regional clinics). The median age of patients was 48 (2172) years, 13/40 (32.5%) patients belonged to the older age group (60 years). Patients had functional status on the ECOG scale of 02 and received at least 2 chemotherapy injections against the background of prophylaxis with empegfilgrastim. Empegfilgrastim was administered at a dose of 7.5 mg subcutaneously once 24 hours after the end of the administration of cytotoxic chemotherapeutic agents. Primary endpoint: frequency of neutropenia 35 degrees of severity; secondary endpoints: frequency of FN; frequency of severe infections (34 stages); frequency of antibiotic prescription; relative dose intensity of therapy of the conducted chemotherapy courses; the incidence of all adverse reactions in patients who received at least one dose of the study drug empegfilgrastim; the incidence of all serious adverse reactions in patients who received at least one dose of the study drug empegfilgrastim; the incidence of CTCAE 5.0 grade 34 HP in patients who received at least one dose of the study drug empegfilgrastim; discontinuation rate of study drug empegfilgrastim due to adverse reactions. Results. The results of this study demonstrate that the incidence of neutropenia of 3 degree of severity after the 1st cycle of chemotherapy developed in 2/40 patients (5%) and as a result of high-dose therapy (R-DHAP). Neutropenia of any severity was reported in 5/40 patients (12.5%). Cases of FN development have not been registered. Severe infections (mucositis, enteropathy, pneumonia, etc.), as well as the use of antibacterial and antifungal drugs during 1 cycle of chemotherapy and in the inter-course period after 1 cycle of therapy were not recorded in any patient. The next course of myelosuppressive therapy was not delayed due to the development of neutropenia in any of the patients during the study. Adverse events, according to the researcher, associated with the use of empegfilgrastim, were registered in 2/40 patients (5%): moderate generalized pain syndrome (diffuse pain) of 1 severity and in one case ossalgia of 2 severity. No serious adverse reactions were reported. Conclusion. The results of the interim analysis of the study demonstrate the high efficacy of the first Russian original pegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor empegfilgrastim after a single administration of a fixed dose in the treatment of patients with aggressive and indolent lymphomas. The drug has a favorable tolerance profile in any age group of patients, especially in elderly patients. Administration of empegfilgrastim as a prophylaxis of neutropenia in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases receiving myelosuppressive therapy of varying intensity can reduce the burden on medical personnel, improve patient adherence to treatment, and contribute to the implementation of the therapeutic plan.

—We studied the effects of intranasal administration of native α-synuclein, whose hyperproduction and misfolding are the key link in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and other age-related neurodegenerative diseases, on hippocampal neurogenesis, the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, locomotor activity, learning, memory, and anxiety level in ageing animals. The experiments were performed with 12-month-old C57BL/6 male mice which were treated for 14 days with a solution of recombinant native α-synuclein or physiological saline once every 24 hours. To evaluate behavioral indices, the following tests were used: open field, novel object recognition, conditioned passive avoidance response, and elevated plus maze. Proliferating cells, immature neurons, and dopaminergic nerve cells were immunohistochemically detected using antibodies against bromodeoxyuridine, doublecortin, and tyrosine hydroxylase. It was demonstrated that α-synuclein causes a considerable increase in the number of proliferating cells and a decrease in the number of immature neurons in the dentate gyrus the hippocampus, as well as a decrease in the density of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta. Mice that received native α-synuclein demonstrated lower locomotion speed, impairments in long-term associative memory, and changes in anxiety-like behavior. We compared the obtained data with the previous results on the effects of α-synuclein oligomers and fibrils under similar experimental protocols. The data are viewed as experimental evidence of the impairment of postnatal neurogenesis during the development of synucleinopathies and support the notion that different α-synuclein conformations cause the development of different neurodegenerative diseases.

An improved architecture of a hybrid matrix detector that operates in the vacuum ultraviolet-hard X-ray range in the 32 × 32 format for high-speed registration of the radiation profile of high-temperature plasma with photon energies of (Eph = 1–10 000 eV) is described. The detector includes silicon photodiodes, preamplifiers, and a system for digitizing and transmitting information with a frame time of 2 μs and continuous recording of up to 4 s. This work took the experience of using the previous model of a 16 × 16 hybrid matrix detector in the T-11M and Globus-M tokamaks into account. The results of absolute calibrations of the photodiode sensitivity in the 1–60 000 eV energy range are presented. A functioning prototype of a 1 × 32 submodule is demonstrated.

The fourth volume of the textbook shows the design features of the main components and parts of turbochargers and air coolers that affect their working conditions and methods of maintenance and repair. Recommendations on the frequency of regulated work and possible malfunctions are given. With examples from ship practice, the methods of disassembly, assembly, defection and repair of the main components and parts of turbochargers and air coolers are considered. Recommendations on running-in and post-repair tests of marine diesel engines are proposed. The previous volumes show the design features, provide recommendations on the frequency of regulated work and maintenance and repair of other components and parts of marine diesel engines. It is intended for students of higher educational institutions studying in the specialty "Operation of marine power plants" and university teachers. It may be useful for ship mechanics.

A genetically determined predisposition to the development of HLA-alloimmunization as a result of blood transfusions is associated with the presence of HLA-alleles DRB1*04, DQA1*03:01, DQA1*05:01 and HLA-haplotype DRB1*04-DQA1*03:01-DQB1*03:02 in the genotypes of recipients. The risk of antibody production is reduced in patients with HLA-alleles DRB1*16, DQA1*01:02, DQB1*05:02 and HLA-haplotype DRB1*16-DQA1*01:02-DQB1*05:02.

A study is performed of the effect the morphology of films consisting of silver nanoparticles chemically deposited on porous silicon films and monocrystalline silicon wafers with textured surfaces has on the conditions for observing plasmon resonance. It is shown that the investigated semiconductor structures can be used as sensors for complex organic molecules, and biological objects of micron and submicron size that produce the SERS effect.

The actual character of the research is based on the observation that the periods of financial instability during the last decade in Russia were determined by the specific features of the post-Soviet socio-economic model and their proper understanding is required for right choice of the instruments of anti-crisis policy. Such knowledge is becoming even more important under the oil shock and COVID-19 pandemic in the first half of 2020. The purpose is to provide systemic analysis of the crisis processes in the Russian economy in 2014-2016 as the combination of several interdependent economic processes specific for the large-scale resource export oriented economy. It raises the issue of potential recovery mechanism for such type of economy and such type of the crisis and analyses theoretical and methodological foundations for choice of anti-crisis policy instruments. The research methodology includes reference to the comparative study of systemic financial crises in South East Asia in 1997-1999 and Russian Federation in 2014-2016 and derivation of specific predictions of the third generation currency crises models which are relevant for the case of the Russian Federation in 2014-2016. The result includes the conclusions on the specific features of the potential recovery mechanism in such type of the crisis and the choice of anti-crisis policy instruments on different time horizons. It also outlines the issues for further research and open questions for macroeconomic policy debates.

The creation of a special conciliation-compensatory mechanism for resolving criminal law conflicts in the economic sphere is an urgent political and legal problem. Without its permission, it is impossible to establish a new system of legal relations in the economic sphere between the state, the population and business, corresponding to the needs of the socio-economic development of Russia. Formally, such a mechanism is provided for in Article 761 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation and 281 of the Criminal Procedure Code of the Russian Federation. Under his normal work, the main task would be solved: compensation for damage from economic crimes, restoration of social relations in the economy. In addition, this would be achieved with the maximum saving of forces and means of law enforcement agencies. However, in practice, primarily in the preliminary investigation, this legal mechanism is applied little and does not fulfill its purpose. The article explains the causes of this phenomenon and suggests measures to address them. Part of these measures, legal and technical in nature, is associated with the optimization of the existing model for terminating the criminal in connection with compensation for damage. Among them, it is proposed to refuse such conditions for deciding on the termination of a criminal case (prosecution), such as the primacy, degree of public danger of the crime, the fullness of the consent of a person with a suspicion (accusation) against him and others. However, a much greater effect of the analyzed legal mechanism could be achieved if the preliminary investigation was carried out. The establishment of a judicial procedure for bringing charges, forming the basis of criminal liability and exemption from it in connection with compensation for a crime committed in the economic sphere would make the procedure fair and open, and therefore attractive to all participants in a criminal case.

A detector for detection of beta-decay electrons in experiments on recording of a signal of sterile neutrinos is searched for. A set of parameters indicates that an avalanche silicon precision detector is a promising detector that allows electron counting rates of up to 2.5 × 107 s–1 for an active area of 0.785 mm2 at room temperature with a possibility of spectrometric detection.

—The pre-fibrillar oligomeric structures of the α-synuclein protein formed during misfolding play an important role in the molecular pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease and other age-dependent neurodegenerative diseases. We studied the effect of toxic α-synuclein oligomers administered intranasally for 14 days on the motor activity, learning, memory, and anxiety of adult (6-month-old) male C57Bl/6 mice, and on the levels and metabolism of monoamines and neurotransmitter amino acids in the hippocampus and the frontal cortex. We used the open field, passive avoidance, and elevated plus maze tests. The levels of monoamines and their metabolites, and neurotransmitter amino acids in the brain tissue of animals were determined by high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection. It was found that oligomers of α‑synuclein cause an increase in anxiety in adult mice, a pronounced decrease in dopamine levels and oppositely directed changes in dopamine metabolite levels in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. No significant changes were found in learning indices and long-term memory, motor activity of animals, levels of noradrenaline, serotonin, or neurotransmitter amino acids in the studied brain structures after treatment with α-synuclein oligomers. We compared the experimental data and the results of our previous studies on the behavioral and neurochemical effects of oligomeric protein structures in aging 12-month-old mice. The possible mechanisms of the age-dependent effects of the α-synuclein oligomers are discussed.

Over the pastdecade, particular attention has been paid to studies of the chemical composition of medical plants to identify the possible negative consequences of using raw plant material polluted with heavy metals for the production of medical drugs. In our study, we analyzed the chemical composition of the medical plants growing in the impact area of the Novocherkassk power station. Specifically, the plants Artemisia austriaca, Poa pratensis and Elytrigia repenswere examined for the analysis.The content and distribution of Zn and Cd, which are most distributed in industrial emissions and belong to the first class of hazardous elements, were measured. The maximum permissible content (MPC) of Zn in the raw material of Artemisia austriaca and Elytrigia repens was found, as was the maximum content of Cd in all analyzed plants growing in the 5km area around thepower station. The plant Artemisia austriacawasfound to have Zn and Cd accumulation in itsabovegroundcomponents, while in Poa pratensis and Elytrigia repens, accumulation was in the roots. The morphobiometric parameters of the plants were mostly dependent on the soil properties, followed by the degree of technogenic load. The content of Zn and Cd in the medical drugs was higher than the MPC without visible features of heavy metal pollution and so these plants weredangerous for human health. Keywords: heavy metals, technogenic load, phytoreagents, morphometric parameters