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171,548 results on '"A., Bueno"'

151. Everolimus plus endocrine therapy beyond CDK4/6 inhibitors progression for HR+ /HER2− advanced breast cancer: a real-world evidence cohort

Author

Sánchez-Bayona, Rodrigo, Lopez de Sa, Alfonso, Jerez Gilarranz, Yolanda, Sanchez de Torre, Ana, Alva, Manuel, Echavarria, Isabel, Moreno, Fernando, Tolosa, Pablo, Herrero Lopez, Blanca, de Luna, Alicia, Lema, Laura, Gamez Casado, Salvador, Madariaga, Ainhoa, López-Tarruella, Sara, Manso, Luis, Bueno-Muiño, Coralia, Garcia-Saenz, Jose A., Ciruelos, Eva, and Martin, Miguel

Published
2024
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152. Invasive non-native species in Brazil: an updated overview

Author

Zenni, Rafael D., Ziller, Sílvia R., da Rosa, Clarissa A., Sühs, Rafael B., Puechagut, Patricia B., Marterer, Beloni T. P., Heringer, Gustavo, de Matos, Ana Carolina L., Bueno, Marina L., Almeida, Jonathan W., Silva, Carlos H. T., Legracie-Júnior, José Renato, and Chapla, Tatiani E.

Published
2024
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168. Delphi consensus statement for understanding and managing the subcostal hernia: subcostal hernias collaborative report (scholar study)

Author

Baig, S. J., Kulkarni, G. V., Priya, P., Afaque, M. Y., Bueno-Lledo, J., Chintapatla, S., de Beaux, A., Gandhi, J. A., Urena, M. A. Garcia, Hammond, T. M., Lomanto, D., Liu, R., Mehta, A., Miserez, M., Montgomery, A., Morales-conde, S., Palanivelu, C., Pauli, E. M., Rege, S. A., Renard, Y., Rosen, M., Sanders, D. L., Singhal, V. K., Slade, D. A. J., Warren, O. J., and Wijerathne, S.

Published
2024
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176. Behavior-based dependency networks between places shape urban economic resilience

Author

Yabe, Takahiro, Bueno, Bernardo Garcia Bulle, Frank, Morgan, Pentland, Alex, and Moro, Esteban

Subjects
Physics - Physics and Society
Abstract

Urban economic resilience is intricately linked to how disruptions caused by pandemics, disasters, and technological shifts ripple through businesses and urban amenities. Disruptions, such as closures of non-essential businesses during the COVID-19 pandemic, not only affect those places directly but also influence how people live and move, spreading the impact on other businesses and increasing the overall economic shock. However, it is unclear how much businesses depend on each other in these situations. Leveraging large-scale human mobility data and millions of same-day visits in New York, Boston, Los Angeles, Seattle, and Dallas, we quantify dependencies between points-of-interest (POIs) encompassing businesses, stores, and amenities. Compared to places' physical proximity, dependency networks computed from human mobility exhibit significantly higher rates of long-distance connections and biases towards specific pairs of POI categories. We show that using behavior-based dependency relationships improves the predictability of business resilience during shocks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, by around 40% compared to distance-based models. Simulating hypothetical urban shocks reveals that neglecting behavior-based dependencies can lead to a substantial underestimation of the spatial cascades of disruptions on businesses and urban amenities. Our findings underscore the importance of measuring the complex relationships woven through behavioral patterns in human mobility to foster urban economic resilience to shocks.

Published
2023

177. Constraints on metastable superheavy dark matter coupled to sterile neutrinos with the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Errico, B. P. de Souza, De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

Dark matter particles could be superheavy, provided their lifetime is much longer than the age of the universe. Using the sensitivity of the Pierre Auger Observatory to ultra-high energy neutrinos and photons, we constrain a specific extension of the Standard Model of particle physics that meets the lifetime requirement for a superheavy particle by coupling it to a sector of ultra-light sterile neutrinos. Our results show that, for a typical dark coupling constant of 0.1, the mixing angle $\theta_m$ between active and sterile neutrinos must satisfy, roughly, $\theta_m \lesssim 1.5\times 10^{-6}(M_X/10^9~\mathrm{GeV})^{-2}$ for a mass $M_X$ of the dark-matter particle between $10^8$ and $10^{11}~$GeV., Comment: Version accepted for publication in PRD Letters, including Supplemental Material

Published
2023
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178. On the Fundamentals of Quantum Rate Theory and the Long-range Electron Transport in Respiratory Chains

Author

Bueno, Paulo Roberto

Subjects
Physics - General Physics
Abstract

It has been shown that both the electron-transfer rate constant of an electrochemical reaction and the conductance quantum are correlated with the concept of quantum capacitance. This simple association between the two separate concepts has an entirely quantum rate basis that encompasses the electron-transfer rate theory as originally proposed by Rudolph A. Marcus whether the statistical mechanism is properly taken into account. Presently, it is conducted a concise review of the quantum mechanical rate theory principles focused on its relativistic quantum electrodynamics character to demonstrate that it can reconcile the conflicting views established on attempting to use the super-exchange (supported on electron transfer) or `metallic-like' (supported on conductance quantum) mechanisms separately to explain the highly efficient long-distance electron transport observed in the respiratory processes of living cells. The unresolved issues related to long-range electron transport are clarified in light of the quantum rate theory with a discussion focused on Geobacter sulfurreducens films as a reference standard of the respiration chain. Theoretical analyses supported by experimental data suggest that the efficiency of respiration within a long-range electron transport path is intrinsically a quantum mechanical event that follows relativistic quantum electrodynamics principles as addressed by quantum rate theory.

Published
2023

179. B2G4: A synthetic data pipeline for the integration of Blender models in Geant4 simulation toolkit

Author

Rodriguez, Angel Bueno, Sattler, Felix, Prada, Maximilian Perez, Stephan, Maurice, and Barnes, Sarah

Subjects
Physics - Computational Physics, Physics - Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The correctness and precision of particle physics simulation software, such as Geant4, is expected to yield results that closely align with real-world observations or well-established theoretical predictions. Notably, the accuracy of these simulated outcomes is contingent upon the software's capacity to encapsulate detailed attributes, including its prowess in generating or incorporating complex geometrical constructs. While the imperatives of precision and accuracy are essential in these simulations, the need to manually code highly detailed geometries emerges as a salient bottleneck in developing software-driven physics simulations. This research proposes Blender-to-Geant4 (B2G4), a modular data workflow that utilizes Blender to create 3D scenes, which can be exported as geometry input for Geant4. B2G4 offers a range of tools to streamline the creation of simulation scenes with multiple complex geometries and realistic material properties. Here, we demonstrate the use of B2G4 in a muon scattering tomography application to image the interior of a sealed steel structure. The modularity of B2G4 paves the way for the designed scenes and tools to be embedded not only in Geant4, but in other scientific applications or simulation software., Comment: submitted for review at the Muographers 2023 conference. Initial version. 6 pages, 4 figures

Published
2023
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180. Radio Measurements of the Depth of Air-Shower Maximum at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Anukriti, Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Errico, B. P. de Souza, De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Auger Engineering Radio Array (AERA), part of the Pierre Auger Observatory, is currently the largest array of radio antenna stations deployed for the detection of cosmic rays, spanning an area of $17$ km$^2$ with 153 radio stations. It detects the radio emission of extensive air showers produced by cosmic rays in the $30-80$ MHz band. Here, we report the AERA measurements of the depth of the shower maximum ($X_\text{max}$), a probe for mass composition, at cosmic-ray energies between $10^{17.5}$ to $10^{18.8}$ eV, which show agreement with earlier measurements with the fluorescence technique at the Pierre Auger Observatory. We show advancements in the method for radio $X_\text{max}$ reconstruction by comparison to dedicated sets of CORSIKA/CoREAS air-shower simulations, including steps of reconstruction-bias identification and correction, which is of particular importance for irregular or sparse radio arrays. Using the largest set of radio air-shower measurements to date, we show the radio $X_\text{max}$ resolution as a function of energy, reaching a resolution better than $15$ g cm$^{-2}$ at the highest energies, demonstrating that radio $X_\text{max}$ measurements are competitive with the established high-precision fluorescence technique. In addition, we developed a procedure for performing an extensive data-driven study of systematic uncertainties, including the effects of acceptance bias, reconstruction bias, and the investigation of possible residual biases. These results have been cross-checked with air showers measured independently with both the radio and fluorescence techniques, a setup unique to the Pierre Auger Observatory., Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. D

Published
2023

181. Demonstrating Agreement between Radio and Fluorescence Measurements of the Depth of Maximum of Extensive Air Showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Anukriti, Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Errico, B. P. de Souza, De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

We show, for the first time, radio measurements of the depth of shower maximum ($X_\text{max}$) of air showers induced by cosmic rays that are compared to measurements of the established fluorescence method at the same location. Using measurements at the Pierre Auger Observatory we show full compatibility between our radio and the previously published fluorescence data set, and between a subset of air showers observed simultaneously with both radio and fluorescence techniques, a measurement setup unique to the Pierre Auger Observatory. Furthermore, we show radio $X_\text{max}$ resolution as a function of energy and demonstrate the ability to make competitive high-resolution $X_\text{max}$ measurements with even a sparse radio array. With this, we show that the radio technique is capable of cosmic-ray mass composition studies, both at Auger and at other experiments., Comment: Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett

Published
2023

182. CAPIVARA: Cost-Efficient Approach for Improving Multilingual CLIP Performance on Low-Resource Languages

Author

Santos, Gabriel Oliveira dos, Moreira, Diego A. B., Ferreira, Alef Iury, Silva, Jhessica, Pereira, Luiz, Bueno, Pedro, Sousa, Thiago, Maia, Helena, Da Silva, Nádia, Colombini, Esther, Pedrini, Helio, and Avila, Sandra

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning
Abstract

This work introduces CAPIVARA, a cost-efficient framework designed to enhance the performance of multilingual CLIP models in low-resource languages. While CLIP has excelled in zero-shot vision-language tasks, the resource-intensive nature of model training remains challenging. Many datasets lack linguistic diversity, featuring solely English descriptions for images. CAPIVARA addresses this by augmenting text data using image captioning and machine translation to generate multiple synthetic captions in low-resource languages. We optimize the training pipeline with LiT, LoRA, and gradient checkpointing to alleviate the computational cost. Through extensive experiments, CAPIVARA emerges as state of the art in zero-shot tasks involving images and Portuguese texts. We show the potential for significant improvements in other low-resource languages, achieved by fine-tuning the pre-trained multilingual CLIP using CAPIVARA on a single GPU for 2 hours. Our model and code is available at https://github.com/hiaac-nlp/CAPIVARA.

Published
2023

183. Aspects of higher-curvature gravities with covariant derivatives

Author

Aguilar-Gutierrez, Sergio E., Bueno, Pablo, Cano, Pablo A., Hennigar, Robie A., and Llorens, Quim

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Abstract

We study various aspects of higher-curvature theories of gravity built from contractions of the metric, the Riemann tensor and the covariant derivative, $\mathcal{L}(g^{ab},R_{abcd},\nabla_a)$. We characterise the linearized spectrum of these theories and compute the modified Newton potential in the general case. Then, we present the first examples of Generalized Quasi-topological (GQT) gravities involving covariant derivatives of the Riemann tensor. We argue that they always have second-order equations on maximally symmetric backgrounds. Focusing on four spacetime dimensions, we find new densities of that type involving eight and ten derivatives of the metric. In the latter case, we find new modifications of the Schwarzschild black hole. These display thermodynamic properties which depart from the ones of polynomial GQT black holes. In particular, the relation between the temperature and the mass of small black holes, $T\sim M^{1/3}$, which universally holds for general polynomial GQT modifications of Einstein gravity, gets modified in the presence of the new density with covariant derivatives to $T\sim M^{3}$. Finally, we consider brane-world gravities induced by Einstein gravity in the AdS bulk. We show that the effective quadratic action for the brane-world theory involving arbitrary high-order terms in the action can be written explicitly in a closed form in terms of Bessel functions. We use this result to compute the propagator of metric perturbations on the brane and its pole structure in various dimensions, always finding infinite towers of ghost modes, as well as tachyons and more exotic modes in some cases., Comment: 44 pages, 2 figures; v2: typos fixed, references added

Published
2023

184. Ground observations of a space laser for the assessment of its in-orbit performance

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Lux, O., Krisch, I., Reitebuch, O., Huber, D., Wernham, D., Parrinello, T., Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Anukriti, Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Bwembya, A., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Errico, B. P. de Souza, De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Góra, D., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hörandel, J. R., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Köhler, J., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Martins, M. A., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pelayo, R., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Bertolli, C. Pérez, Pękala, J., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Schäfer, C. M., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Straub, M., Strähnz, S., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Sánchez, F., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vlastimil, J., Vorobiov, S., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics, Physics - Optics
Abstract

The wind mission Aeolus of the European Space Agency was a groundbreaking achievement for Earth observation. Between 2018 and 2023, the space-borne lidar instrument ALADIN onboard the Aeolus satellite measured atmospheric wind profiles with global coverage which contributed to improving the accuracy of numerical weather prediction. The precision of the wind observations, however, declined over the course of the mission due to a progressive loss of the atmospheric backscatter signal. The analysis of the root cause was supported by the Pierre Auger Observatory in Argentina whose fluorescence detector registered the ultraviolet laser pulses emitted from the instrument in space, thereby offering an estimation of the laser energy at the exit of the instrument for several days in 2019, 2020 and 2021. The reconstruction of the laser beam not only allowed for an independent assessment of the Aeolus performance, but also helped to improve the accuracy in the determination of the laser beam's ground track on single pulse level. The results presented in this paper set a precedent for the monitoring of space lasers by ground-based telescopes and open new possibilities for the calibration of cosmic-ray observatories., Comment: 10 pages, 10 figures

Published
2023

185. Fibrotaxis: gradient-free, spontaneous and controllable droplet motion on soft solids

Author

Bhopalam, Sthavishtha R., Bueno, Jesus, and Gomez, Hector

Subjects
Physics - Fluid Dynamics, Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Most passive droplet transport strategies rely on spatial variations of material properties to drive droplet motion, leading to gradient-based mechanisms with intrinsic length scales that limit the droplet velocity or the transport distance. Here, we propose droplet {\it fibrotaxis}, a novel mechanism that leverages an anisotropic fiber-reinforced deformable solid to achieve spontaneous and gradient-free droplet transport. Using high-fidelity simulations, we identify the fluid wettability, fiber orientation, anisotropy strength and elastocapillary number as critical parameters that enable controllable droplet velocity and long-range droplet transport. Our results highlight the potential of fibrotaxis as a droplet transport mechanism that can have a strong impact on self-cleaning surfaces, water harvesting and medical diagnostics., Comment: revised paper

Published
2023

186. The Pierre Auger Observatory Open Data

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Dourado, L. Andrade, Andringa, S., Apollonio, L., Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bertou, X., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Büsken, M., Bwembya, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Campuzano, F., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Čermáková, B., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Errico, B., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Dorosti, Q., Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fehler, T., Feldbusch, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filip, P., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Freitas, M., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Góra, D., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Gülzow, L., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Hörandel, J. R., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Jilek, V., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. -H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Köhler, J., Krieger, F., Kubatova, M., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Bravo, O. Martínez, Martins, M. A., Mathes, H. -J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pękala, J., Pelayo, R., Pelgrims, V., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Bertolli, C. Pérez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reuzki, A., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Sampathkumar, P., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Sánchez, F., Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Schäfer, C. M., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Sedoski, A., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Simkova, K., Simon, F., Smau, R., Šmída, R., Sommers, P., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Strähnz, S., Straub, M., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Uzeiroska, R., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Vašíčková, V., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Veberič, D., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vorobiov, S., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Weitz, M., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., and Zavrtanik, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Pierre Auger Collaboration has embraced the concept of open access to their research data since its foundation, with the aim of giving access to the widest possible community. A gradual process of release began as early as 2007 when 1% of the cosmic-ray data was made public, along with 100% of the space-weather information. In February 2021, a portal was released containing 10% of cosmic-ray data collected from 2004 to 2018, during Phase I of the Observatory. The Portal included detailed documentation about the detection and reconstruction procedures, analysis codes that can be easily used and modified and, additionally, visualization tools. Since then the Portal has been updated and extended. In 2023, a catalog of the 100 highest-energy cosmic-ray events examined in depth has been included. A specific section dedicated to educational use has been developed with the expectation that these data will be explored by a wide and diverse community including professional and citizen-scientists, and used for educational and outreach initiatives. This paper describes the context, the spirit and the technical implementation of the release of data by the largest cosmic-ray detector ever built, and anticipates its future developments., Comment: 27 pages, 8 figures

Published
2023

187. The impact of angle-dependent partial frequency redistribution on the scattering polarization of the solar Na i D lines

Author

Janett, Gioele, Ballester, Ernest Alsina, Belluzzi, Luca, Alemán, Tanausú del Pino, and Bueno, Javier Trujillo

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

The long-standing paradox of the linear polarization signal of the Na i D1 line was recently resolved by accounting for the atom's hyperfine structure and the detailed spectral structure of the incident radiation field. That modeling relied on the simplifying angle-averaged (AA) approximation for partial frequency redistribution (PRD) in scattering, which potentially neglects important angle-frequency couplings. This work aims at evaluating the suitability of a PRD-AA modeling for the D1 and D2 lines through comparisons with general angle-dependent (AD) PRD calculations, both in the absence and presence of magnetic fields. We solved the radiative transfer problem for polarized radiation in a one-dimensional semi-empirical atmospheric model with microturbulent and isotropic magnetic fields, accounting for PRD effects, comparing PRD-AA and PRD-AD modelings. The D1 and D2 lines are modeled separately as two-level atomic system with hyperfine structure. The numerical results confirm that a spectrally structured radiation field induces linear polarization in the D1 line. However, the PRD-AA approximation greatly impacts the Q/I shape, producing an antisymmetric pattern instead of the more symmetric PRD-AD one, while presenting a similar sensitivity to magnetic fields between 10 and 200 G. Under the PRD-AA approximation, the Q/I profile of the D2 line presents an artificial dip in its core, which is not found for the PRD-AD case. We conclude that accounting for PRD-AD effects is essential to suitably model the scattering polarization of the Na i D lines. These results bring us closer to exploiting the full diagnostic potential of these lines for the elusive chromospheric magnetic fields.

Published
2023

188. AugerPrime Surface Detector Electronics

Author

The Pierre Auger Collaboration, Halim, A. Abdul, Abreu, P., Aglietta, M., Allekotte, I., Cheminant, K. Almeida, Almela, A., Aloisio, R., Alvarez-Muñiz, J., Yebra, J. Ammerman, Anastasi, G. A., Anchordoqui, L., Andrada, B., Andringa, S., Anukriti, Aramo, C., Ferreira, P. R. Araújo, Arnone, E., Velázquez, J. C. Arteaga, Assis, P., Avila, G., Avocone, E., Badescu, A. M., Bakalova, A., Barbato, F., Mocellin, A. Bartz, Bellido, J. A., Berat, C., Bertaina, M. E., Bhatta, G., Bianciotto, M., Biermann, P. L., Binet, V., Bismark, K., Bister, T., Biteau, J., Blazek, J., Bleve, C., Blümer, J., Boháčová, M., Boncioli, D., Bonifazi, C., Arbeletche, L. Bonneau, Borodai, N., Brack, J., Orchera, P. G. Brichetto, Briechle, F. L., Bueno, A., Buitink, S., Buscemi, M., Bwembya, A., Büsken, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Cabana-Freire, S., Caccianiga, L., Caruso, R., Castellina, A., Catalani, F., Cataldi, G., Cazon, L., Cerda, M., Cermenati, A., Chinellato, J. A., Chudoba, J., Chytka, L., Clay, R. W., Cerutti, A. C. Cobos, Colalillo, R., Coleman, A., Coluccia, M. R., Conceição, R., Condorelli, A., Consolati, G., Conte, M., Convenga, F., Santos, D. Correia dos, Costa, P. J., Covault, C. E., Cristinziani, M., Sanchez, C. S. Cruz, Dasso, S., Daumiller, K., Dawson, B. R., de Almeida, R. M., de Jesús, J., de Jong, S. J., Neto, J. R. T. de Mello, De Mitri, I., de Oliveira, J., Franco, D. de Oliveira, de Palma, F., de Souza, V., de Errico, B. P. de Souza, De Vito, E., Del Popolo, A., Deligny, O., Denner, N., Deval, L., di Matteo, A., Dobre, M., Dobrigkeit, C., D'Olivo, J. C., Mendes, L. M. Domingues, Anjos, J. C. dos, Anjos, R. C. dos, Ebr, J., Ellwanger, F., Emam, M., Engel, R., Epicoco, I., Erdmann, M., Etchegoyen, A., Evoli, C., Falcke, H., Farmer, J., Farrar, G., Fauth, A. C., Fazzini, N., Feldbusch, F., Fenu, F., Fernandes, A., Fick, B., Figueira, J. M., Filipčič, A., Fitoussi, T., Flaggs, B., Fodran, T., Fujii, T., Fuster, A., Galea, C., Galelli, C., García, B., Gaudu, C., Gemmeke, H., Gesualdi, F., Gherghel-Lascu, A., Ghia, P. L., Giaccari, U., Glombitza, J., Gobbi, F., Gollan, F., Golup, G., Gongora, J. P., González, J. M., González, N., Goos, I., Gorgi, A., Gottowik, M., Grubb, T. D., Guarino, F., Guedes, G. P., Guido, E., Berisso, M. Gómez, Vitale, P. F. Gómez, Góra, D., Hahn, S., Hamal, P., Hampel, M. R., Hansen, P., Harari, D., Harvey, V. M., Haungs, A., Hebbeker, T., Hojvat, C., Horvath, P., Hrabovský, M., Huege, T., Hörandel, J. R., Insolia, A., Isar, P. G., Janecek, P., Johnsen, J. A., Jurysek, J., Kampert, K. H., Keilhauer, B., Khakurdikar, A., Covilakam, V. V. Kizakke, Klages, H. O., Kleifges, M., Knapp, F., Kunka, N., Lago, B. L., Langner, N., de Oliveira, M. A. Leigui, Lema-Capeans, Y., Letessier-Selvon, A., Lhenry-Yvon, I., Lopes, L., Lu, L., Luce, Q., Lundquist, J. P., Payeras, A. Machado, Majercakova, M., Mandat, D., Manning, B. C., Mantsch, P., Marafico, S., Mariani, F. M., Mariazzi, A. G., Mariş, I. C., Marsella, G., Martello, D., Martinelli, S., Martins, M. A., Bravo, O. Martínez, Mathes, H. J., Matthews, J., Matthiae, G., Mayotte, E., Mayotte, S., Mazur, P. O., Medina-Tanco, G., Meinert, J., Melo, D., Menshikov, A., Merx, C., Michal, S., Micheletti, M. I., Miramonti, L., Mollerach, S., Montanet, F., Morejon, L., Morello, C., Mulrey, K., Mussa, R., Namasaka, W. M., Negi, S., Nellen, L., Nguyen, K., Nicora, G., Niechciol, M., Nitz, D., Nosek, D., Novotny, V., Nožka, L., Nucita, A., Núñez, L. A., Oliveira, C., Palatka, M., Pallotta, J., Panja, S., Parente, G., Paulsen, T., Pawlowsky, J., Pech, M., Pelayo, R., Pereira, L. A. S., Martins, E. E. Pereira, Armand, J. Perez, Perrone, L., Petrera, S., Petrucci, C., Pierog, T., Pimenta, M., Platino, M., Pont, B., Pothast, M., Shahvar, M. Pourmohammad, Privitera, P., Prouza, M., Puyleart, A., Bertolli, C. Pérez, Pękala, J., Querchfeld, S., Rautenberg, J., Ravignani, D., Akim, J. V. Reginatto, Reininghaus, M., Ridky, J., Riehn, F., Risse, M., Rizi, V., de Carvalho, W. Rodrigues, Rodriguez, E., Rojo, J. Rodriguez, Roncoroni, M. J., Rossoni, S., Roth, M., Roulet, E., Rovero, A. C., Ruehl, P., Saftoiu, A., Saharan, M., Salamida, F., Salazar, H., Salina, G., Gomez, J. D. Sanabria, Santos, E. M., Santos, E., Sarazin, F., Sarmento, R., Sato, R., Savina, P., Scherini, V., Schieler, H., Schimassek, M., Schimp, M., Schmidt, D., Scholten, O., Schoorlemmer, H., Schovánek, P., Schröder, F. G., Schulte, J., Schulz, T., Schäfer, C. M., Sciutto, S. J., Scornavacche, M., Segreto, A., Sehgal, S., Shivashankara, S. U., Sigl, G., Silli, G., Sima, O., Simon, F., Smau, R., Sommers, P., Soriano, J. F., Squartini, R., Stadelmaier, M., Stanič, S., Stasielak, J., Stassi, P., Straub, M., Strähnz, S., Suomijärvi, T., Supanitsky, A. D., Svozilikova, Z., Szadkowski, Z., Sánchez, F., Tairli, F., Tapia, A., Taricco, C., Timmermans, C., Tkachenko, O., Tobiska, P., Peixoto, C. J. Todero, Tomé, B., Torrès, Z., Travaini, A., Travnicek, P., Trimarelli, C., Tueros, M., Unger, M., Vaclavek, L., Vacula, M., Galicia, J. F. Valdés, Valore, L., Varela, E., Veberič, D., Ventura, C., Quispe, I. D. Vergara, Verzi, V., Vicha, J., Vink, J., Vlastimil, J., Vorobiov, S., Vásquez-Ramírez, A., Watanabe, C., Watson, A. A., Weindl, A., Wiencke, L., Wilczyński, H., Wittkowski, D., Wundheiler, B., Yue, B., Yushkov, A., Zapparrata, O., Zas, E., Zavrtanik, D., Zavrtanik, M., and Šmída, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Operating since 2004, the Pierre Auger Observatory has led to major advances in our understanding of the ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. The latest findings have revealed new insights that led to the upgrade of the Observatory, with the primary goal of obtaining information on the primary mass of the most energetic cosmic rays on a shower-by-shower basis. In the framework of the upgrade, called AugerPrime, the 1660 water-Cherenkov detectors of the surface array are equipped with plastic scintillators and radio antennas, allowing us to enhance the composition sensitivity. To accommodate new detectors and to increase experimental capabilities, the electronics is also upgraded. This includes better timing with up-to-date GPS receivers, higher sampling frequency, increased dynamic range, and more powerful local processing of the data. In this paper, the design characteristics of the new electronics and the enhanced dynamic range will be described. The manufacturing and test processes will be outlined and the test results will be discussed. The calibration of the SD detector and various performance parameters obtained from the analysis of the first commissioning data will also be presented.

Published
2023

189. Quantum Rate Electrodynamics and Resonant Junction Electronics of Heterocyclic Molecules

Author

Nieto, Edgar Fábian Pinzón, Lopes, Laís Cristine, Santos, Adriano dos, Raposo, Maria Manuela Marques, and Bueno, Paulo Roberto

Subjects
Physics - General Physics
Abstract

Quantum rate theory encompasses the electron-transfer rate constant concept of electrochemical reactions as a particular setting, besides demonstrating that the electrodynamics of these reactions obey relativistic quantum mechanical rules. The theory predicts a frequency $\nu = E/h$ for electron-transfer reactions, in which $E = e^2/C_q$ is the energy associated with the density-of-states $C_q/e^2$ and $C_q$ is the quantum capacitance of the electrochemical junctions. This work demonstrates that the $\nu = E/h$ frequency of the intermolecular charge transfer of push-pull heterocyclic compounds, assembled over conducting electrodes, follows the above-stated quantum rate electrodynamic principles. Astonishingly, the differences between the molecular junction electronics formed by push-pull molecules and the electrodynamics of electrochemical reactions observed in redox-active modified electrodes are solely owing to an adiabatic setting (strictly following Landauer's ballistic presumption) of the quantum conductance in the push-pull molecular junctions. An appropriate electrolyte field-effect screening environment accounts for the resonant quantum conductance dynamics of the molecule-bridge-electrode structure, in which the intermolecular charge transfer dynamics within the frontier molecular orbital of push-pull heterocyclic molecules follow relativistic quantum mechanics in agreement with the quantum rate theory.

Published
2023

191. Protracted neuronal recruitment in the temporal lobes of young children.

Author

Nascimento, Marcos, Biagiotti, Sean, Herranz-Pérez, Vicente, Santiago, Samara, Bueno, Raymund, Abel, Taylor, Zhang, Zhuangzhi, Rubio-Moll, Juan, Yang, Zhengang, Garcia-Verdugo, Jose, Huang, Eric, Sorrells, Shawn, Kriegstein, Arnold, Alvarez-Buylla, Arturo, and Ye, Chun

Subjects
Animals, Child, Preschool, Humans, Infant, Cell Movement, Entorhinal Cortex, Ganglionic Eminence, Interneurons, Macaca mulatta, Neurons, Single-Cell Gene Expression Analysis, Temporal Lobe
Abstract

The temporal lobe of the human brain contains the entorhinal cortex (EC). This region of the brain is a highly interconnected integrative hub for sensory and spatial information; it also has a key role in episodic memory formation and is the main source of cortical hippocampal inputs1-4. The human EC continues to develop during childhood5, but neurogenesis and neuronal migration to the EC are widely considered to be complete by birth. Here we show that the human temporal lobe contains many young neurons migrating into the postnatal EC and adjacent regions, with a large tangential stream persisting until the age of around one year and radial dispersal continuing until around two to three years of age. By contrast, we found no equivalent postnatal migration in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta). Immunostaining and single-nucleus RNA sequencing of ganglionic eminence germinal zones, the EC stream and the postnatal EC revealed that most migrating cells in the EC stream are derived from the caudal ganglionic eminence and become LAMP5+RELN+ inhibitory interneurons. These late-arriving interneurons could continue to shape the processing of sensory and spatial information well into postnatal life, when children are actively interacting with their environment. The EC is one of the first regions of the brain to be affected in Alzheimers disease, and previous work has linked cognitive decline to the loss of LAMP5+RELN+ cells6,7. Our investigation reveals that many of these cells arrive in the EC through a major postnatal migratory stream in early childhood.

Published
2024

192. Multiple microbial guilds mediate soil methane cycling along a wetland salinity gradient

Author

Hartman, Wyatt H, de Mesquita, Clifton P Bueno, Theroux, Susanna M, Morgan-Lang, Connor, Baldocchi, Dennis D, and Tringe, Susannah G

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Ecology, Climate Action, Life on Land, Wetlands, Soil, Methane, Salinity, Carbon, Ammonium Compounds, Nitrogen, Sulfates, methane, methanogenesis, methanotrophs, salinity, sulfate, carbon cycling, decomposition, wetlands
Abstract

Estuarine wetlands harbor considerable carbon stocks, but rising sea levels could affect their ability to sequester soil carbon as well as their potential to emit methane (CH4). While sulfate loading from seawater intrusion may reduce CH4 production due to the higher energy yield of microbial sulfate reduction, existing studies suggest other factors are likely at play. Our study of 11 wetland complexes spanning a natural salinity and productivity gradient across the San Francisco Bay and Delta found that while CH4 fluxes generally declined with salinity, they were highest in oligohaline wetlands (ca. 3-ppt salinity). Methanogens and methanogenesis genes were weakly correlated with CH4 fluxes but alone did not explain the highest rates observed. Taxonomic and functional gene data suggested that other microbial guilds that influence carbon and nitrogen cycling need to be accounted for to better predict CH4 fluxes at landscape scales. Higher methane production occurring near the freshwater boundary with slight salinization (and sulfate incursion) might result from increased sulfate-reducing fermenter and syntrophic populations, which can produce substrates used by methanogens. Moreover, higher salinities can solubilize ionically bound ammonium abundant in the lower salinity wetland soils examined here, which could inhibit methanotrophs and potentially contribute to greater CH4 fluxes observed in oligohaline sediments.IMPORTANCELow-level salinity intrusion could increase CH4 flux in tidal freshwater wetlands, while higher levels of salinization might instead decrease CH4 fluxes. High CH4 emissions in oligohaline sites are concerning because seawater intrusion will cause tidal freshwater wetlands to become oligohaline. Methanogenesis genes alone did not account for landscape patterns of CH4 fluxes, suggesting mechanisms altering methanogenesis, methanotrophy, nitrogen cycling, and ammonium release, and increasing decomposition and syntrophic bacterial populations could contribute to increases in net CH4 flux at oligohaline salinities. Improved understanding of these influences on net CH4 emissions could improve restoration efforts and accounting of carbon sequestration in estuarine wetlands. More pristine reference sites may have older and more abundant organic matter with higher carbon:nitrogen compared to wetlands impacted by agricultural activity and may present different interactions between salinity and CH4. This distinction might be critical for modeling efforts to scale up biogeochemical process interactions in estuarine wetlands.

Published
2024

193. Disentangling the effects of sulfate and other seawater ions on microbial communities and greenhouse gas emissions in a coastal forested wetland

Author

de Mesquita, Clifton P Bueno, Hartman, Wyatt H, Ardón, Marcelo, and Tringe, Susannah G

Subjects
Microbiology, Biological Sciences, Ecology, Life Below Water, Climate Action, soil microbes, wetlands, seawater intrusion, sulfate, methane
Abstract

Seawater intrusion into freshwater wetlands causes changes in microbial communities and biogeochemistry, but the exact mechanisms driving these changes remain unclear. Here we use a manipulative laboratory microcosm experiment, combined with DNA sequencing and biogeochemical measurements, to tease apart the effects of sulfate from other seawater ions. We examined changes in microbial taxonomy and function as well as emissions of carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide in response to changes in ion concentrations. Greenhouse gas emissions and microbial richness and composition were altered by artificial seawater regardless of whether sulfate was present, whereas sulfate alone did not alter emissions or communities. Surprisingly, addition of sulfate alone did not lead to increases in the abundance of sulfate reducing bacteria or sulfur cycling genes. Similarly, genes involved in carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus cycling responded more strongly to artificial seawater than to sulfate. These results suggest that other ions present in seawater, not sulfate, drive ecological and biogeochemical responses to seawater intrusion and may be drivers of increased methane emissions in soils that received artificial seawater addition. A better understanding of how the different components of salt water alter microbial community composition and function is necessary to forecast the consequences of coastal wetland salinization.

Published
2024

194. Gravity current analyzer for lock-release experiments

Author

de Carvalho Bueno, Rafael, da Silva, Nathan Streisky, dos Santos, André Diniz, and Bleninger, Tobias Bernward

Subjects
Information and Computing Sciences, Engineering, Software Engineering, Gravity current, laboratory flumes, sediment resuspension, PIV, density current
Published
2024

195. Promoting Reproducibility and Replicability in Political Science

Author

Brodeur, Abel, Esterling, Kevin, Ankel-Peters, Jörg, Bueno, Natália S, Desposato, Scott, Dreber, Anna, Genovese, Federica, Green, Donald P, Hepplewhite, Matthew, de la Guardia, Fernando Hoces, Johannesson, Magnus, Kotsadam, Andreas, Miguel, Edward, Velez, Yamil R, and Young, Lauren

Subjects
Political Science, Human Society, Reproducibility, replicability, political science, Political science
Abstract

This article reviews and summarizes current reproduction and replication practices in political science. We first provide definitions for reproducibility and replicability. We then review data availability policies for 28 leading political science journals and present the results from a survey of editors about their willingness to publish comments and replications. We discuss new initiatives that seek to promote and generate high-quality reproductions and replications. Finally, we make the case for standards and practices that may help increase data availability, reproducibility, and replicability in political science.

Published
2024

196. Advancing bioenergetics-based modeling to improve climate change projections of marine ecosystems

Author

Rose, KA, Holsman, K, Nye, JA, Markowitz, EH, Banha, TNS, Bednaršek, N, Bueno-Pardo, J, Deslauriers, D, Fulton, EA, Huebert, KB, Huret, M, Ito, Si, Koenigstein, S, Li, L, Moustahfid, H, Muhling, BA, Neubauer, P, Paula, JR, Siddon, EC, Skogen, MD, Spencer, PD, van Denderen, PD, van der Meeren, GI, and Peck, MA

Subjects
Ecological Applications, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Climate Action, Bioenergetics, Modeling, Climate change, Fish, Projections, Challenges, Agent-based, Oceanography, Ecology, Zoology, Marine Biology & Hydrobiology, Ecological applications
Abstract

Climate change has rapidly altered marine ecosystems and is expected to continue to push systems and species beyond historical baselines into novel conditions. Projecting responses of organisms and populations to these novel environmental conditions often requires extrapolations beyond observed conditions, challenging the predictive limits of statistical modeling capabilities. Bioenergetics modeling provides the mechanistic basis for projecting climate change effects on marine living resources in novel conditions, has a long history of development, and has been applied widely to fish and other taxa. We provide our perspective on 4 opportunities that will advance the ability of bioenergetics-based models to depict changes in the productivity and distribution of fishes and other marine organisms, leading to more robust projections of climate impacts. These are (1) improved depiction of bioenergetics processes to derive realistic individual-level response(s) to complex changes in environmental conditions, (2) innovations in scaling individual-level bioenergetics to project responses at the population and food web levels, (3) more realistic coupling between spatial dynamics and bioenergetics to better represent the local- to regional-scale differences in the effects of climate change on the spatial distributions of organisms, and (4) innovations in model validation to ensure that the next generation of bioenergetics-based models can be used with known and sufficient confidence. Our focus on specific opportunities will enable critical advancements in bioenergetics modeling and position the modeling community to make more accurate and robust projections of the effects of climate change on individuals, populations, food webs, and ecosystems.

Published
2024

197. Evaluation of the neuroprotective efficacy of the gramine derivative ITH12657 against NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in the rat retina.

Author

Di Pierdomenico, Johnny, Gallego-Ortega, Alejandro, Norte-Muñoz, María, Vidal-Villegas, Beatriz, Bravo, Isaac, Boluda-Ruiz, María, Bernal-Garro, Jose, Fernandez-Bueno, Iván, Pastor-Jimeno, Jose, Villegas-Pérez, María, Avilés-Trigueros, Marcelino, de Los Ríos, Cristobal, and Vidal-Sanz, Manuel

Subjects
Brn3a + RGCs, NMDA excitotoxicity, SD-OCT, glaucoma, neuroprotection, retina calcium blocker, retina ganglion cell, αRGCs
Abstract

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate, the neuroprotective effects of a new Gramine derivative named: ITH12657, in a model of retinal excitotoxicity induced by intravitreal injection of NMDA. METHODS: Adult Sprague Dawley rats received an intravitreal injection of 100 mM NMDA in their left eye and were treated daily with subcutaneous injections of ITH12657 or vehicle. The best dose-response, therapeutic window study, and optimal treatment duration of ITH12657 were studied. Based on the best survival of Brn3a + RGCs obtained from the above-mentioned studies, the protective effects of ITH12657 were studied in vivo (retinal thickness and full-field Electroretinography), and ex vivo by quantifying the surviving population of Brn3a + RGCs, αRGCs and their subtypes α-ONsRGCs, α-ONtRGCs, and α-OFFRGCs. RESULTS: Administration of 10 mg/kg ITH12657, starting 12 h before NMDA injection and dispensed for 3 days, resulted in the best significant protection of Brn3a + RGCs against NMDA-induced excitotoxicity. In vivo, ITH12657-treated rats showed significant preservation of retinal thickness and functional protection against NMDA-induced retinal excitotoxicity. Ex vivo results showed that ITH12657 afforded a significant protection against NMDA-induced excitotoxicity for the populations of Brn3a + RGC, αRGC, and αONs-RGC, but not for the population of αOFF-RGC, while the population of α-ONtRGC was fully resistant to NMDA-induced excitotoxicity. CONCLUSION: Subcutaneous administration of ITH12657 at 10 mg/kg, initiated 12 h before NMDA-induced retinal injury and continued for 3 days, resulted in the best protection of Brn3a + RGCs, αRGC, and αONs-RGC against excitotoxicity-induced RGC death. The population of αOFF-RGCs was extremely sensitive while α-ONtRGCs were fully resistant to NMDA-induced excitotoxicity.

Published
2024

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