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The major challenges during the data acquisition process in an environmental wireless sensor network (EWSN) architecture are the presence of outliers and missing data. Outliers and missing data are ubiquitous in EWSN due to sensor failures, external noise, power dwindling, communication failures etc. Robust tensor principal component analysis (RTPCA) decomposes a noisy data tensor into a low-rank tensor and a sparse tensor, which can be exploited for the data recovery in EWSNs, where the low-rank component represents the intrinsic data tensor and the sparse component represents the gross outlier tensor. In this paper, a novel probabilistic outlier modelling scheme using multivariate Chebyshev's inequality hypothesis is proposed, which maps the sample population and the associated magnitudes of outliers with the spatio-temporal correlations in the acquired data. The inherent spatio-temporal and multi-attribute correlations in the EWSN data are established using singular value methods. A tensor nuclear norm (TNN) which extracts more temporal and multi-attribute correlations in the sensory data through block circulant matricization is used as the minimization function in RTPCA. In the forest surveillance scenario, usage of RTPCA results in a reconstruction accuracy of approximately 90% for a dataset with a high missing ratio of 0.95 and the outliers having largest possible magnitudes considered. For oceanographic data, in which the variance is lower, the simulations show similar performance for different outlier contaminations, although RPTCA performs better than other matrix and tensor data completion methods in terms of reconstruction accuracy.

In this work, a direct comparison of the properties of the TiO2 nanoparticles prepared by microwave and solvothermal methods were carried out and its performance as photoanode in dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) was analyzed. Though previously some works exist on the preparation of TiO2 nanoparticles by solvothermal or microwave methods, they could not be compared directly as the experiment conditions such as choice of solvent, precursors and reaction temperatures were not virtually same. Herein, TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by microwave and solvothermal methods using the same initial precursors and properties of the prepared nanoparticles were compared. From the X-ray diffraction pattern and Raman analysis, the prepared nanoparticles in both the cases were found to be of anatase phase. Optical properties and its carrier lifetime were studied using UV–Vis absorption, photoluminescence (PL) analysis and PL lifetime studies, respectively. Further, its morphology analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and transmission electron microscope (TEM) images, and SAED (selected area electron diffraction) patterns reveals the polycrystalline nature of the prepared nanoparticles. The surface area and the pore size distribution were studied using BET (Brunauer–Emmett–Teller) and BJH (Barrett–Joyner–Halenda) analysis, which revealed its mesoporous nature and uniform pore distribution. The chemical states of the prepared nanoparticles were further characterized using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The DSSC was fabricated using the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles as photoanodes. Further, the power conversion efficiency and the electron transport properties were analyzed.

Geo-polymer concrete is totally different in materials and chemistry which is synthesized from waste material like fly-ash (Class F or C), rice husk along with binding solution which is free of cement. This paper gives an overall view of the process and parameters which effect the geo-polymer concrete till date. It is an inorganic 3D polymer which is synthesized by activation of aluminosilicate source like fly ash or GGBS (waste materials). Due to its high mechanical properties combined with substantial chemical resistance (magnesium or sulphate attack), low shrinkage and creep and environment friendly nature (very less amount of CO2 production in comparison with OPC), it is a novel construction material for future. Till date it was seen that the strength of geo-polymer concrete mostly depends on the molarities of the alkaline liquid NaOH& Na2SiO3 (are used for binding of materials.). It was seen that geo-polymer concrete made of fully Fly-ash or partial replacement by GGBS results with 80% reduction in CO2 emission compared to OPC, although the alkaline solution to some extent pollutes the environment.

Alfa- Feto- protein (AFP) is a protein produced by the baby in the womb. The protein is normally found in the blood stream of the mother, which tends to be elevated or lowered in the blood of the women carrying babies with certain abnormalities it is an Albumin like glycoprotein with a molecular weight of 70,000 D. Is a formed in the yolk sac. Non differential liver cells and the fetal gastro- intestinal tract. Elevated MSAFP levels have also been associated with Chromosome abnormalities, Omphalocele and gastroschisis and rarely congenital, additionally elevated MS AFP levels have associated with an increased risk for adverse perinatal out comes including preeclampsia, premature labor, low birth weight, placental abruption and stillbirth. Int. J. Appl. Sci. Biotechnol. Vol 8(2): 231-234

The flow from a supersonic nozzle when operated at off-design conditions exhibits a wide variety of complex flow structures. The prominent ones are the shock reflections inside the jet. The two main types of shock interactions are the regular reflection (RR) and Mach reflection (MR). The prominent characteristic change in the shock pattern when an RR transforms into an MR is the appearance of the Mach stem with a subsonic region downstream of it. The estimation of the Mach stem height gives the size of the subsonic domain and is a direct method to predict the transition from RR to MR or vice versa. The present study is carried out to estimate the size of the Mach stem in an inviscid jet in the overexpanded regime. The analytical methods employed here are the extension of the techniques developed to estimate the Mach stem size in the wedge flows by Li & Ben-Dor (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 341, 1997a, pp. 101–125), Mouton & Hornung (AIAA J., vol. 45, issue 8, 2007, pp. 1977–1987) and Bai & Wu (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 818, 2017, pp. 116–140). The results from the analytical formulation have been compared with the high resolution computational and experimental results. The analytical method reveals that the open jet has a unique, stable MR configuration and forms an upper limit for achievable Mach stem height for the wedge flows. Apart from the estimation of Mach stem height, the growth rates of Mach stem where the RR–MR transition takes place are also calculated and compared with the ones corresponding to wedge flows.

The highly complicated and unsteady flow phenomena associated with a moving projectile in the interior and the transitional ballistic regimes are modelled analytically. It is attempted to estimate the unsteady aerodynamic forces generated on a supersonic projectile launched from an aero-ballistic range using a Lagrangian approach. A comprehensive analytical model is proposed to predict the entire projectile motion right from its start in the launch tube until it enters the exterior ballistic regime. Inviscid axisymmetric flow is considered in the interior and the intermediate ballistic regimes with isentropic assumptions except at the shock locations. The model provides a first-hand estimate of the projectile aerodynamic characteristics launched from a ballistic range with less than 5% error when compared to the computational results in the muzzle properties, which provides valuable design data for the ballistic range designers.

The purpose of the present work is to visualize the separation dynamics of a new lift separation sabot. Conventional sabots used for launching kinetic energy projectiles are a major contributor to the dispersion of the penetrator due to the mechanical interaction between sabot and the penetrator during separation. A sabot with an aerodynamic lifting surface close to the center of gravity is designed and launched from a 25mm caliber gas gun. The visualization results show that the sabot is separating from the penetrator with less rotation of the sabot which leads to less mechanical interaction between the latter and the former.

Zora Neale Hurston embodies all the logical inconsistencies, all the pinnacles and valleys of the writer’s life. She made her life, a memorial, and her spirits stay striking, flammable, stimulating and rousing, constantly modifying the world. Zora Neale Hurston has driven the route in drawing in the meanings of character and encounters inside connections. Her novel “Johah’s Gourd Vine” is scholarly substance is occupied with clarifying connections that can help rediscover the meaning of human relationships. Hurston like numerous other dark fiction journalists stress the dark preacher’s use of their way of life and history to make the African-American’s understands a world that is significant to them. This paper reveals the convention of dark self-assurance incorporates a sort of interior, regional dark patriotism and envelops free African-American populations.

Industrialization and globalization, both on an international and local scale, have caused large quantities of toxic chemicals to be released into the environment. Thus, developing an environmental pollutant sensor platform that is sensitive, reliable, and cost-effective is extremely important. In current years, considerable progress has been made in the expansion of electrochemical sensors and biosensors to monitor the environment using nanomaterials. A large number of emerging biomarkers are currently in existence in the biological fluids, clinical, pharmaceutical and bionanomaterial-based electrochemical biosensor platforms have drawn much attention. Electrochemical systems have been used to detect biomarkers rapidly, sensitively, and selectively using biomaterials such as biopolymers, nucleic acids, proteins etc. In this current review, several recent trends have been identified in the growth of electrochemical sensor platforms using nanotechnology such as carbon nanomaterials, metal oxide nanomaterials, metal nanoparticles, biomaterials and polymers. The integration strategies, applications, specific properties and future projections of nanostructured materials for emerging progressive sensor platforms are also observed. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of nanoparticles in the field of electrochemical sensors and biosensors.

Eosinophilia can be a manifestation of a variety of causes such as infections, allergic reactions and autoimmune processes. Also, it is described in various solid malignancies in the presence of tumour eosinophilic infiltration. We report a patient of high-grade urinary bladder cancer with eosinophilic leukemoid reaction and tumour histopathology demonstrated diffuse infiltration of eosinophils. Though the entity is described to carry a good prognosis in literature, our experience is totally different as the patient deteriorated rapidly in a matter of days, was deemed inoperable in view of worsening performance status and was referred for palliative management.

In this study, pristine ZrO2 (600 °C) and Mg (0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08 M)-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles were effectively synthesized at about 10 nm size and achieved complete degradation of methyl violet and methyl blue dyes under UV irradiation. The calcined products were analyzed by XRD, FTIR, UV-DRS, PL, FESEM-EDX, TEM-SAED pattern and XPS techniques. The tetragonal crystal structure of the pristine ZrO2 and Mg (0.02–0.08 M)-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles were affirmed by XRD analysis. The Mg (0.08 M)-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles were approximately in quasi-spherical morphology and high agglomeration was confirmed by FESEM and TEM results. The surface defects and oxygen vacancies were analyzed by PL spectroscopy. The Mg (0.08 M)-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles exhibited enlarged photocatalytic activity with 94% and 90% degradation of methyl violet and methyl blue dyes under UV irradiation.

An echocardiographic investigation is one of the key modalities of diagnosis in patients suffering from COVID 19, especially if they are elderly, have associated comorbid conditions, and pregnant. Hence, it is becoming extremely essential to look into the correct safety precautions, health-care professionals must take while conducting an echo investigation. At the same time, a focused echo examination aimed at correct imaging view acquisition in the shortest possible time is the need of the hour. The decision matrix formulated for conducting an echocardiographic evaluation is based on the presence or absence of cardiological comorbidity vis-a-vis positive or suspected for COVID- 19. The safety measures and image acquisition have been constructed keeping in mind the current safety precautions by the World Health Organization, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, India. Cardiovasc. j. 2020; 13(1): 97-101