Search

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Shandong Medical Journal is the property of Shandong Medical Health Newspapers and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We present deep number counts at 450 and 850 μm using the SCUBA-2 camera on the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope. We combine data for six lensing cluster fields and three blank fields to measure the counts over a wide flux range at each wavelength. Thanks to the lensing magnification, our measurements extend to fluxes fainter than 1 mJy and 0.2 mJy at 450 μm and 850 μm, respectively. Our combined data highly constrain the faint end of the number counts. Integrating our counts shows that the majority of the extragalactic background light (EBL) at each wavelength is contributed by faint sources with LIR < 1012L⊙, corresponding to luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) or normal galaxies. By comparing our result with the 500 μm stacking of K-selected sources from the literature, we conclude that the K-selected LIRGs and normal galaxies still cannot fully account for the EBL that originates from sources with LIR < 1012L⊙. This suggests that many faint submillimeter galaxies may not be included in the UV star formation history. We also explore the submillimeter flux ratio between the two bands for our 450 μm and 850 μm selected sources. At 850 μm, we find a clear relation between the flux ratio and the observed flux. This relation can be explained by a redshift evolution, where galaxies at higher redshifts have higher luminosities and star formation rates. In contrast, at 450 μm, we do not see a clear relation between the flux ratio and the observed flux. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

本研究運用行動研究協助研究者進行教學實習課的規劃、實施與省思，研究目的為探討授課研究融入教學實習課中的實踐情形，並瞭解授課研究融入教學實習課中職前教師的學習成效。研究參與者是國民小學職前教師 36 位，資料蒐集方式為訪談、觀察與文件蒐集。在資料分析之後，本研究得到的結論為：首先，授課研究透過理念介紹、微型教學與集中實習等實踐歷程，有助於教學實習課的實施。其次，職前教師在微型教學時逐漸掌握設計與實施教學，對小學生的理解仍有困難。在集中實習時可深化職前教師的教學設計與實施教學的成效，及更加理解小學生的學習。本研究的建議是引導職前教師在集中實習後再一次修訂教學設計，及進一步探討職前教師在教材教法課或教育實習階段參與授課研究的情形。 This study utilized action research to conduct planning, implementation, and reflection on a teaching internship. The objectives of this study were to understand the implementation of integrating a lesson study with a teaching internship course as well as pre-service teachers’ learning effectiveness. The participants were 36 elementary school pre-service teachers. Interviews, observations, and documents collection were conducted for data collection. After data analysis, the following conclusions were obtained. First, the lesson study was conducive to the practice of the teaching internship course through the processes of an introduction to ideas, microteaching and intensive internship. Second, pre-service teachers gradually mastered the design and implementation of teaching during microteaching, but there were still difficulties in understanding elementary school students. During the intensive internship, it was possible to deepen the effectiveness of pre-service teachers’ teaching design and implementation and to better understand elementary school students’ learning. The suggestions of this research are to guide preservice teachers to revise their teaching designs after the intensive internship. This study also advises to further explore the situation of pre-service teachers’ participation in the lesson study in regards to teaching materials, methods course, or educational practicum.