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The study was conducted to evaluate the antimicrobial properties of the root extracts of some Limonium species, viz. L. effusum, L. globuliferum and L. lilacinum. The root extracts obtained were evaluated against 9 bacteria, and 12 fungi isolated from hazelnut, and walnut. The maximum antibacterial activity was obseved to be in methanol extract. Furthermore, the ethanol extract of L. lilacinum also had the maximum antibacterial activity against L. monocytopenus. The methanol extract of L. lilacinum exhibited the most potent antibacterial activity among the tested extracts. Our findings showed that Limonium root extracts significantly reduced the growth of fungi as compared to control. The inhibitory effects of the Limonium root extracts on the mycelial growth of 12 fungal species isolated from nuts in agar diffusion plate assay showed fungal growth reduced at the 6th day of experiment. The mycelial growth of A. alternata was maximum inhibited (100%) by L. globuliferum water extracts on 6th day.

[Abstract Not Available]

The copolymerization of (2-cyclohexylidene-1,3-dioxolane-4-yl) methyl methacrylate monomer with styrene and acrylonitrile were carried out in 1,4-dioxane solution at 60 °C using BPO as an initiator. The copolymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR spectroscopic techniques. Thermal properties of the polymers were also studied by thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The copolymer compositions were determined by elemental analysis. The monomer-reactivity ratios were calculated by the application of conventional linearization methods as a result of Fineman–Ross and Kelen–Tudős to less than 1 for both monomers. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 2326–2331, 2001

Two new methacrylate monomers, 2-[3-(6-tetralino)-3-methylcyclobutyl]-2-ketoethyl methacrylate (TKEMA) and 2-(3-mesityl-3-methylcyclobutyl)-2-ketoethyl methacrylate (MKEMA), were obtained from the reaction of 1-chloroacetyl-3-methyl-3-arylcyclobutane with sodium methacrylate. The oxime and hydrazone derivatives of poly(TKEMA) and poly(MKEMA) were prepared with hydroxylamine and 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine. Poly(TKEMA) and poly(MKEMA), their oxime and hydrazone derivatives, and the monomers were characterized with Fourier transform infrared and NMR techniques. The glass-transition temperatures and thermal stability of the polymers and their oxime and hydrazone derivatives were compared. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 4167–4173, 2001

The free radical copolymerization of 2-3-(mesityl-3-methylcyclobutyl)-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (MCHEMA) with acrylonitrile (AN) has been carried out in 1,4-dioxane at 60°C. The copolymers were characterized by infrared, 13 C and 1 H NMR spectroscopic methods. The copolymer compositions were established by elemental analysis. The reactivity ratios of copolymerization were computed by using the Fineman–Ross and Kelen–Tudős methods, and were found to be r 1 =0.29±0.002, r 2 =0.98±0.003 and r 1 =0.21±0.009, r 2 =0.75±0.003, respectively ( r 2 is reactivity ratios of MCHEMA). The glass transition temperature and thermal decomposition temperature were investigated by DSC-50 and TGA-50 thermobalance, respectively. The solubility parameters and densities of all the copolymers were determined.

Two new hydroxyethyl methacrylates having aryl and cyclobutane rings were synthesized by addition to 1-(epoxyethyl)-3-aryl-3-methylcyclobutane to methacrylic acid. The monomers prepared are 2-(3-methyl-3-phenylcyclobutyl)-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (PCHEMA) and 2-(3-methyl-3-mesitylcyclobutyl)-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (MCHEMA). Both monomers were polymerized at 60°C in 1,4-dioxane solution using benzoyl peroxide as initiator. Poly(PCHEMA) and poly(MCHEMA) and their monomers were characterized by FT-IR and 1H- and 13C-NMR techniques. Weight average molecular weights of the polymers were determined for poly(PCHEMA) poly(MCHEMA) by gel permation chromatography. Thermal stabilities of the polymers were essentially the same. Glass transition temperatures for poly(PCHEMA) and poly(MCHEMA) were determined as 105 and 137°C, respectively. No changes of the polymers by irradiation with UV light at 254 nm were observed. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 35: 2123–2128, 1997

The thermal degradation of poly[2-(3-chloro-3-methylcyclobutyl)-2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate] [poly(CBHEMA)] has been studied by using thermal volatilisation analysis (TVA) and thermogravimetry (TG). Programmed heating was carried out at 10 °C min −1 from room temperature to 500 °C. Volatile products were separated by subambient TVA and identified by gasphase IR and MS, and GC-MS for volatile liquids. The cold ring fraction and partially degraded polymer have been examined by IR spectroscopy. The monomer was not formed during the degradation since HCl elimination from the chain began at about 150 °C, which is a low temperature for the production of monomer. However, some monomer homologues from the HCl-eliminated polymer were dedected as minor products. The polymer yields carbon monoxide, methane and oxygen as non-condensable products at − 196 °C. Carbon dioxide, hydrogen chloride, water and some unsaturated and saturated hydrocarbons were found in the volatile products. The liquid products of the degradation, the formation of anhydride ring structures and the mechanism of degradation are discussed.

Three derivatives of styrene monomer, 4-chlorophenyl-4-vinylbenzyl ether (I), 4-methoxyphenyl-4-vinylbenzyl ether (II) and 4-ethylphenyl-4-vinylbenzyl ether (III) were synthesized. The synthesized two novel compounds (I and III) and one with undefined structural features were identified by experimental spectroscopic techniques and density functional approach. The optimized geometrical structure, vibrational and electronic transitions along with chemical shifts of those compounds were presented in this study. The vibrational spectra of investigated compounds were recorded in solid state with FT-IR spectrometry in the range of 4000-400 cm-1. The computational vibrational wavenumbers and also ground state equilibrium conformations were carried out by using density functional method with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. Assignments of the fundamental vibrational modes were examined on the basis of the measured data and total energy distribution (TED) of the vibrational modes, calculated with scaled quantum mechanical (SQM) method. Isotropic chemical shift of hydrogen and carbon nuclei were investigated via observed 1H and 13C NMR spectra in deuterated DMSO solution and predicted data applied with gauge-invariant atomic orbitals (GIAOs) method. The UV absorption spectra of monomers were observed in the range of 200-800 nm in ethanol, and time dependent DFT method was used to obtain the electronic properties. A detailed description of spectroscopic behaviors of compound was given based on the comparison of experimental measurements and theoretical computations. © 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

When the recent history of financial, social, environmental and ethical reporting is examined, the idea that increasing expectations of shareholders and stakeholders on transparency and accountability can be met by a single report has great importance. Therefore, the integrated reporting issue after the sustainability reports is on the agenda. When we look at the development of integrated reporting and Corporate Reporting (CR), since integrated reporting has complicated theoretical background, organizations have difficulties to understand whether their report is an integrated one. So in this study we try to reveal basic principles, theoretical background and development process of integrated reporting. We look at globally the development of integrated reporting between the years 1999-2015 on Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) database and prepared visual tables showing the development of Integrated Reporting (IR) aiming to create positive contribute to CR literature. In the present study; we determine that in 2012 integrated reporting is made the most, large businesses prefer integrated reporting the most, integrated reporting is made in European region the most, and financial services sector is the sector publishing integrated report the most.

The free radical copolymerization of 6-bromo-2-naphthyl-4-vinylbenzyl ether (BrNVBE) with 6-bromo-2-naphthyl 2-methylacrylate (BrNMA) has been carried out in 1, 4-dioxane at 65 °C ± 1 and were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and gel permeation chromatography. 1 H-NMR analysis was used to determine the molar fractions of BrNVBE and BrNMA in the copolymers. The monomer–reactivity ratios were calculated according to the general copolymerization equation using Kelen-Tudos and Finemann-Ross linearization methods. The reactivity ratios indicated a tendency toward alternation copolymerization. The polydispersity indices of the polymers, determined with gel permeation chromatography, suggested a strong tendency for chain termination by disproportionation. The thermal behaviors of copolymers with various compositions were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The glass-transition temperature of the copolymers increased with increasing BrNMA content in the copolymers. Also, the apparent thermal decomposition activation energies were calculated by the Ozawa and Kissinger methods with a Shimadzu TGA 60 thermogravimetric analysis thermobalance.

Einleitung: Das maligne Melanom (MM) führt häufig zu einer cerebralen Metastasierung, die Prognose ist auch bei maximaler Therapie vergleichsweise schlecht. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die retrospektive Evaluation von Patienten die an cerebralen Metastasen des MM neurochirurgisch behandelt[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 129. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie

L'etude clinique et cephalometrique d'un groupe d'enfants respirateurs buccaux possedant des vegetations adenoides hypertrophiees a permis de mettre en evidence des phenomenes adaptatifs. A la modification immediate de la posture de la tete succede a long terme celle des parametres cranio-faciaux pendant la croissance : augmentation des dimensions verticales anterieures, inclinaison du plan palatin et du corps mandibulaire, angulation du condyle et de la branche montante.

OZET: Adenoidler, cocukluk donemlerinde, cesitli nedenlerle hipertrofiye olarak nasofarengeal havayolunu kismen veya tamamen kapatabilir ve bu yolla bireyin soluma modelinde degisimlere neden olabilir. Soluma modeliyle bas posturu ve kraniofasial morfoloji arasinda yakin iliskiler bulundugu bilinmektedir. Klinikte, nasofarengeal havayolu boyutlari, lateral sefalometrik filmier yoluyla pratik ve guvenilir sekilde saptanabilir. Bu metodun, rinomanometrik yontemlerle de korelasyon gosterdigi belirlenmistir. Sefalometrik filmler ve ortodontik fotograflarin cekiminde, Frankfurt Horizontal duzleminin yere paralel olmasi siklikla onerilmektedir. Bu calismanin amaci klinik ve radyografik metodlara dayanarak adenoidsektomi endikasyonu konmus bireylerde bas posturunu ve FH duzlemi egimini belirlemek ve sonuclari kontrol bireyleriyle karsilastirmaktir.

A new type of methacrylate monomer, 2-(4-acetylphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl-2-methylacrylate(AOEMA), was synthesized. The radical homopolymerization of AOEMA was performed at 65 °C in a 1,4-dioxane solution with benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. The oxime, and thiosemicarbazone derivatives of poly[2-(4-acetylphenoxy)-2-oxoethyl-2-methylacrylate] (AOEMA) were prepared with hydroxylamine hydrochloride, and thiosemicarbazone hydrochloride, respectively. The monomer and its homopolymer were characterized with Fourier transform infrared and NMR techniques. The thermal stabilities of poly(AOEMA) and its derivatives were investigated using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The ultraviolet stability of the polymers were compared. The antibacterial and antifungal effects of the monomer and the polymer and its derivatives were also investigated on various bacteria and fungi. The activation energies of the thermal degradation of the polymers were calculated with the Ozawa method.

The synthesis of two new methacrylate esters containing morpholine and pyrrolidine group are described. The monomers produced from the reaction of corresponding morpholino chloroacetamide and pyrrolidino chloroacetamide with sodium methacrylate were polymerized in DMSO solution at 65degreesC using AIBN as an initiator. The monomers and their polymers were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), H-1- and C-13-NMR spectroscopy. The glass transition temperature of the polymers were investigated by DSC and thermal decomposition activation energies were calculated by the Ozawa method using the SETARAM Labsys thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) thermobalance, respectively. By using gel permeation chromatography, weight average ((M) over bar (W)) and number average ((M) over bar (n)) molecular weights and polidispersity indices of the polymers were determined.

The synthesis of two new methacrylates such as 2-((cyclohexylideneamino)oxy)-2-oxoethyl methylacrylate (CHOEMA) and 2-((cyclopentylideneamino)oxy)-2-oxoethyl methylacrylate (CPOEMA) are described. The monomers produced from the reaction of corresponding cyclohexanone O-(2-chloroacetyl) oxime and cyclopentanone O-(2- chloroacetyl) oxime with sodium methacrylate was polymerized in 1,4-dioxane solution at 65°C using AIBN as an initiator. The monomers and their polymers were characterized by IR, 1 H- and 13 C-NMR spectroscopy. The glass transition temperature of the polymers was investigated by DSC and the apparent thermal decomposition activation energies (Ed) were calculated by Ozawa and multiple heating rate kinetics (MHRK) method using the Shimadzu TGA thermobalance. By using gel permeation chromatography, weight-average (Mw) and number-average (Mn) molecular weights and polydispersity indices of the polymers were determined. The antibacterial and antifungal effects of the monomers and polymers were also investigated on various bacteria and fungi. The photochemical properties of the polymers were investigated by UV and FTIR spectra.

ÖZET Göğüs kanseri, kadınlarda çok sık rastlanan hastalıklardan biridir. Mamo- grafi ve fiziksel incelemelerin, hastalığı teşhis etmede başarılı oldukları bilinmek tedir. Hastalığın bîr an evvel teşhis edilmesinde seçilecek muayene politikasının önemi büyüktür. Hastalık, gecikmiş bir Markof prosesi olarak modellenmiştir. Durumlar iyi, hastalıklı, ve terminal vaka şeklinde tanımlanabilir. Model ayrıca hastalığı teşhis için bazı testler içermektedir. Test sonuçları hatalı olabilir. Yardış-pozitif ve negatif sonuçların elde edilmesi mümkündür. Periyodik, kısmen periyodik ve dinamik muayene politikaları ; teşhis ede bilme olasılığı, beklenen test sayısı, teşhisdeki beklenen gecikme ve geriye kalan zaman, beklenen maliyet ve teşhis edilebilirlik açılarından değerlendirilmiş ve sonuçlar tıbbi otoriteler tarafından tavsiye edilen muayene politikaları ile karşılaş- tırılmıştır. IV ABSTRACT Breast cancer is one of the most important diseases inflicted by women. Mammography and breast physical examinations have proved particularly effec tive in detecting the onset of the disease. One should be carefull in choosing a screening policy to detect the disease before it enters the terminal stage where no means of therapy exists. The disease is modeled as a delayed Markov process that progresses through several states. The states can be classified as good, defective, and failure. The model also includes a binary test for detecting the positive deterioration. The test results are imperfect so that false positive and negative results can be obtained. Periodic, multi-periodic, and dynamic policies are evaluated in terms of some performance measures such as probability of detection, expected number of inspections, expected detection delay and lead times, expected cost and detection capability. The results are compared with the policies recommended by medical authorities. 94

Bilginin baş döndürücü bir hızla geliştiği günümüzde, bu gelişmenin neden olduğu sosyal değişime ayak uydurabilmenin anahtarı iyi bir eğitim almakta görülmektedir. Eğitimden söz edebilmek için, iş ile ilgili temel becerilerin kazandırılması, iş ile ilgili kuramsal ve pratik bilgilerin verilmesi ve davranışların olumlu yönde geliştirilmesine azami gayret gösterilmelidir. Türkiye'de, planlanmış, programlanmış milli hedeflere yönelik eğitim; örgün ve yaygın eğitim kurumlarında yapılmaktadır. Eğitim sürecinin ilk basamağını ilköğretim okulları oluşturmaktadır. Bu sürecin daha verimli olabilmesi için kurum ve çalışanları, ilköğretim müfettişleri tarafından denetlenir, gerekli rehberlik çalışmaları yapılır ve çalışanlara mesleki yardımda bulunulur. Bu araştırmamızda ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini gerçekleştirme düzeyi ve bu rolleri yerine getirebilmek için alınması gerekli önlemlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla; Sakarya Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğü'nde görevli ilköğretim müfettişleri, il merkezinde 1 1, Hendek ilçe merkezinde 5 ve Hendek ilçesine bağlı 9 köy ilköğretim okulu örneklem grubuna dahil edilmiştir. Örneklem grubuna dahil edilen birimlerden, 34 ilköğretim müfettişi, 56 idareci ve 328 öğretmenin cevapladığı anket geçerli sayılmış ve bilgisayar ortamında SPSS programına aktarılmıştır. İlköğretim müfettişlerinin, yöneticilerin ve öğretmenlerin; ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini gerçekleştirme düzeyine ilişkin görüşleri konusunda toplanan veriler; ölçekler ve alt ölçekler dikkate alınarak düzenlenmiş ve iki ortalama arasındaki fark önemlilik testi (t-testi), tek yönlü varyans analizi (Anova) teknikleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Tüm istatistiksel analizler 0.05 önemlilik derecesinde yapılmış, verilerin istatistiksel analizlerini yapmak için SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Sciences) programı kullanılmıştır. VIIIAraştırma sonucunda, ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini gerçekleştirme düzeyleri ile ilgili olarak; öğretmen, yönetici ve ilköğretim müfettişlerinin görüşleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark çıkmıştır. Öğretmenler ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini "çok az" gerçekleştirdiklerini; ilköğretim müfettişleri ise, "büyük ölçüde" gerçekleştirdiklerini belirtmişlerdir. İlköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini gerçekleştirme düzeyleri ile ilgili olarak branş ve sınıf öğretmenlerinin görüşleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark çıkmamakla birlikte her iki branş öğretmenleri de ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini yeterince gerçekleştiremediklerini belirtmişlerdir. Öğretmenler ve yöneticilerin görev yaptıkları yerlere göre (il merkezi, ilçe merkezi, köy) ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini gerçekleştirme düzeyi hakkındaki görüşleri incelendiğinde, öğretmenlerin görev yerlerinin görüşlerini değiştirmediği tümünün ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini "çok az" gerçekleştirdiğini belirttiği, bunun yanında yöneticilerin görev yerlerine göre görüşleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark olduğu, bu farkında ilçedeki yöneticilerden kaynaklandığı bulunmuştur. Öğretmenlerin kıdemleri itibariyle ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini gerçekleştirme düzeyi hakkındaki görüşleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamakla birlikte 16-20 yıllık öğretmenler ile 1-5 yıllık öğretmenler arasındaki fark anlamlıdır. Yöneticilerin kıdemleri itibariyle ilköğretim müfettişlerinin rehberlik rollerini gerçekleştirme düzeyi hakkındaki görüşleri arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. It is considered that getting a good education is the key to keep up with the social change which is caused by rather rapidly developing data. In order to mention about the education, we should make the maximum effort to earn the basic abilities about the work, to provide the theoric and applied datas about the work and to improve the behaviours in a good way. In Turkey, education, regording planned and programmed national target, is given in formal and informal education institutions. The first step öf education process is primary education schools. In order to make this process more productive, the institution and its workers are controlled by primary education inspectors, All necessary guidance work is done. And the teachers are helped in their professions. In this research we tried to determine the level of realization of guidance by inspertors and also we tried to determine the measures which is needed to be taken to carry out the mission. It is included all primary education inspectors working in Sakarya National Education Directorate, and 1 1 pirimary education schools which are in the city center, 5 in the center of Hendek and 9 in the villages of Hendek to the sample group. From the units which are included to the sample group, 34 primary education inspectors, 56 administrators and 328 teachers have answered the questionnaire and it has been transferred into SPSS programme on PC. The datum which has been collected about the ideas of realization of guidance role of primary education inspectors by primary education inspectors, anministrators and teachers, has been organized with measures and sub-measures. The distinction between two averages inportancy test (t-test) and one way variance analysis (Anova), Statictical techniques are used. All stastictial analyses have been done in 0.05 importancy degree, and in order two make statistical analyses of datum SPSS (Statistical Package For Social Sciences) programme has been used.At the end of the research it is realized that there is a clear distinction as statistical among the the thoughts of teachers administrators and primary education inspectors about the level of realization guidance role of primary education inspectors. Teachers think that primary education inspectors realize their guidance role at a low rate. But primary education inspectors say that they realize their role mostly. There is no clear distinction as statics between primary school teacher and high school teachers. But both of them have said that primary education inspectors couldn't realize their guidance role. As the places where teachers and administrators work, when the level of realization of gudance role of primary education inspectors has been inspected. It is understood that the places where teachers work don't make any differences. All of them say that the primary education inspectors have been doing their guidance role at a low rate.. But there is a clear distinction as statistical for administrators' ideas as the places where they work. This distinction source from the town's administrators. There is no clear distinction as statistical for teachers by seniority who have ideas about the level of realization of guidance role of primary education inspectors. But there is a clear distinction between teachers who have been working 16-20 years and teachers who have been working for 1 and 5 years. There is no clear distinction as statistical for administrators by seniority about the level of realization of guidance role of primary education inspectors.

1926 yılında yürürlüğe giren Türk Medenî Kanunu, Türk hukuk tarihinde çok büyük bir değişimi ifade etmektedir. Bu tarihe kadar tamamen şer'î hukuka dayanan Türk medenî hukuku, artık laik bir hüviyete bürünmüştür. Bu durum, eski hukuk normları çerçevesinde oluşmuş toplumsal pratiklerle, yeni hukukun inşa etmeye çalıştığı düzen arasında birtakım tezatlar ortaya çıkarmıştır. Bu çalışmada, 1926'da kabul edilen Türk Medenî Kanunu'na göre meşru sayılmayan imam nikahı, mehir ve poligami konuların-da yeni yasanın mevcut hukuk kültürüyle diyaloğu tespit edilmeye çalışılmıştır.Anahtar Kelimeler: Medeni Kanun, Adliye Arşivleri, Konya The Turkish Civil Code, which entered into force in 1926, represents a great change in Turkish law history. Turkish civil code based on purely Shari'a law till that date has turned into a secular identity. This has created some contradictions between the social practices that were built around the old legal norms and the order in which the new law tried to build. In this study, it is tried to determine the dialogue between the new law and the current legal culture on religion marriage, bride price and polygamy which are not considered legitimate according to the Turkish Civil Code adopted in 1926.Keywords: Civil Code, Courthouse Archives, Konya 82