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Many new physics scenarios beyond standard model often necessitate the existence of a (light) neutral scalar H, which might couple to the charged leptons in a flavor violating way, while evading all existing constraints. We show that such scalars could be effectively produced at future lepton colliders, either on shell or off shell depending on their mass, and induce lepton flavor violating (LFV) signals, i.e., e^{+}e^{-}→ℓ_{α}^{±}ℓ_{β}^{∓}(+H) with α≠β. We find that a large parameter space of the scalar mass and the LFV couplings can be probed well beyond the current low-energy constraints in the lepton sector. In particular, a scalar-loop induced explanation of the long-standing muon g-2 anomaly can be directly tested in the on-shell mode.

Repurposing the novel p21-activated protein kinase inhibitor compound 15 identified its antifungal activity against five selected species of phytopathogenic fungi. Lead optimization based on its structure gave rise to a focused library of 20 derivatives, among which compound 3c demonstrated increased activity over compound 15 and even comparable to that of some commercialized fungicides in the market including carbendazim, tebuconazole, and pyraclostrobin. This study showed that p21-activated protein kinase inhibitor compound 15 was able to serve as a molecular platform to develop effective fungicides against fungal phytopathogens and indicate that screening existing protein kinase inhibitors might be an effective way to identify lead compounds for antifungal pesticides development., (Copyright © 2018 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)

Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) and subsequent fine-mapping studies (>50) have implicated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located at the CCDC170/C6ORF97-ESR1 locus (6q25.1) as being associated with the risk of breast cancer. Surprisingly, our analysis using genome-wide differential allele-specific expression (DASE), an indicator for breast cancer susceptibility, suggested that the genetic alterations of CCDC170, but not ESR1, account for GWAS-associated breast cancer risk at this locus. Breast cancer-associated CCDC170 nonsense mutations and rearrangements have also been detected, with the latter being specifically implicated in driving breast cancer. Here we report that the wild type CCDC170 protein localizes to the region of the Golgi apparatus and binds Golgi-associated microtubules (MTs), and that breast cancer-linked truncations of CCDC170 result in loss of Golgi localization. Overexpression of wild type CCDC170 triggers Golgi reorganization, and enhances Golgi-associated MT stabilization and acetyltransferase ATAT1-dependent α-tubulin acetylation. Golgi-derived MTs regulate cellular polarity and motility, and we provide evidence that dysregulation of CCDC170 affects polarized cell migration. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that CCDC170 plays an essential role in Golgi-associated MT organization and stabilization, and implicate a mechanism for how perturbations in the CCDC170 gene may contribute to the hallmark changes in cell polarity and motility seen in breast cancer., (Copyright © 2017 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Objective: To study the expression of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) in peripheral blood of patients with rectal carcinoma and to preliminarily explore its clinical significance., Methods: Blood samples from 76 rectal carcinoma patients who underwent surgery in Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou University between June and October 2013 were collected before operation, postoperative day 10 and 2 years after operation respectively. Flow cytometry was used to detect MDSC percentage in peripheral blood of 76 rectal carcinoma patients and 40 healthy people. The change of MDSC percentage in peripheral blood of rectal carcinoma patients after treatment was investigated. Furthermore, the relationship of peripheral blood MDSC percentage with clinicopathological characteristics was examined., Results: Preoperative MDSC percentage in peripheral blood of 76 rectal carcinoma patients [(3.52±0.68)%] was higher than that of 40 healthy people[(0.92±0.21)%], with significant difference (t=3.026, P=0.005). Preoperative MDSC percentage in peripheral blood of rectal carcinoma patients was significantly related with histological classification (t=2.453, P=0.018), depth of tumor invasion (t=2.051, P=0.035), lymph node metastasis (t=2.328, P=0.022), TNM stage (t=2.529, P=0.016). Univariate analysis showed that TNM stage, histological classification, lymph node metastasis, preoperative MDSC percentage in peripheral blood were the prognostic factors in rectal carcinoma. Multivariate analysis showed that TNM stage (HR=2.535, 95%CI: 0.851 to 4.160, P=0.038) and preoperative MDSC percentage in peripheral blood (HR=3.651, 95%CI: 0.877 to 14.263, P=0.031) were independent prognostic factors of rectal carcinoma. MDSC percentage in peripheral blood of rectal carcinoma patients decreased significantly on the postoperative 10-day [(2.41±0.46)%] compared to that before operation [(3.52±0.68)%], whose difference was statistically significant (t=1.778, P=0.043). During follow-up, tumor recurrence or metastasis was found in 23 patients. MDSC percentage in peripheral blood of rectal carcinoma patients with recurrence or metastasis [(4.37±1.23)%] was higher than that of rectal carcinoma patients without recurrence or metastasis [(2.36±0.35)%] two years after operation, with statistically significant difference (t=1.982, P=0.039)., Conclusions: MDSC percentage in peripheral blood of rectal carcinoma patients is significantly elevated compared to that of healthy people. Increased MDSC percentage indicates poor prognosis and tumor progression in rectal carcinoma patients. Measurement of peripheral blood MDSC percentage may have a potential clinical value in prognosis prediction of rectal carcinoma.

This paper presents a sparse superresolution approach for high cross-range resolution imaging of forward-looking scanning radar based on the Bayesian criterion. First, a novel forward-looking signal model is established as the product of the measurement matrix and the cross-range target distribution, which is more accurate than the conventional convolution model. Then, based on the Bayesian criterion, the widely-used sparse regularization is considered as the penalty term to recover the target distribution. The derivation of the cost function is described, and finally, an iterative expression for minimizing this function is presented. Alternatively, this paper discusses how to estimate the single parameter of Gaussian noise. With the advantage of a more accurate model, the proposed sparse Bayesian approach enjoys a lower model error. Meanwhile, when compared with the conventional superresolution methods, the proposed approach shows high cross-range resolution and small location error. The superresolution results for the simulated point target, scene data, and real measured data are presented to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed approach.

We developed an integrated framework of combined batch experiments and reactive transport simulations to quantify water-rock-CO 2 interactions and arsenic (As) mobilization responses to CO 2 and/or saline water leakage into USDWs. Experimental and simulation results suggest that when CO 2 is introduced, pH drops immediately that initiates release of As from clay minerals. Calcite dissolution can increase pH slightly and cause As re-adsorption. Thus, the mineralogy of the USDW is ultimately a determining factor of arsenic fate and transport. Salient results suggest that: (1) As desorption/adsorption from/onto clay minerals is the major reaction controlling its mobilization, and clay minerals could mitigate As mobilization with surface complexation reactions; (2) dissolution of available calcite plays a critical role in buffering pH; (3) high salinity in general hinders As release from minerals; and (4) the magnitude and quantitative uncertainty of As mobilization are predicated on the values of reaction rates and surface area of calcite, adsorption surface areas and equilibrium constants of clay minerals, and cation exchange capacity. Results of this study are intended to improve ability to quantify risks associated with potential leakage of reservoir fluids into shallow aquifers, in particular the possible environmental impacts of As mobilization at carbon sequestration sites.

BACKGROUND Pituitary adenomas are mostly benign tumors, although certain cases have invasiveness, which might be related with high expression of miR-106b. The PTEN-PI3K/AKT signal pathway is known to be related with cell migration and invasion. Among these, PTEN is the target gene for miR-106b. Whether miR-106b affects invasiveness of pituitary adenoma via PTEN-PI3K/AKT is unclear. MATERIAL AND METHODS Both invasive and non-invasive pituitary adenoma tissue samples were collected from our Neurosurgery Department, in parallel with brain tissues after head contusion surgery. Pituitary adenoma cell line HP75 was cultured in vitro and divided into NC and miR-106b inhibitor groups for measuring cell cycle/proliferation. Malignant growth of cells was measured by agarose gel clonal assay, while cell migration and invasion were reflected by starch assay and Transwell assay, respectively. The expression of PTEN, PI3K/AKT, and MMP-9 was measured. RESULTS MiR-106b was significantly up-regulated in pituitary adenoma but PTEN was down-regulated, especially in invasive tumors. The inhibition of miR-106b remarkably suppressed proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of HP75 cells, with major arrest of cell cycles. The inhibition of miR-106b significantly depressed starch healing and invasive potency of cells. A negative targeted regulation existed between miR-106b and PTEN, as the inhibition of miR-106b significantly enhanced PTEN expression, affecting the activity of downstream PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, thus affecting migration and invasion of pituitary adenoma. CONCLUSIONS MiR-106b can affect migration and invasion of pituitary adenoma cells via regulating PTEN and further activity of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and MMP-9 expression.

Objective: To detect the expression of ERβ in laryngeal carcinoma and the its correlation with the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition(EMT) specific biomarkers., Method: Picture MT-Pv9000 was used to detect ERβ and EMT in 72 cases of human aqueous laryngeal carcinoma and 8 cases of adjacent non-neoplastic laryngeal mucosa by immunohistochemistry., Result: The positive rates of ERβ in tumors and adjacent non-neoplastic laryngeal mucosa were 27.78% and 25.00%, respectively. The differences were not significant (P > 0.05). The abnormal expression rates of E-cadherin and β-catenin were 61.11% and 76.39% respectively. The expression of ERβ correlated negatively with the loss of E-cadherin, nuclear translocation of β-catenin and increased TNM stage. The differences were significant (P < 0.05)., Conclusion: The positive expressions of ERβ suggest a good prognosis in the differentiation, clinical stages and lymphatic metastasis of the laryngeal carcinoma. The underlying mechanism may be related with the abnormal expressions of E-cadherin and β-catenin.

A male patient with hypopharyngeal cancer accepted operation under general anesthesia. Sixth day after surgery in patient with sudden chest pain and obvious difficulty in breathing. Blood oxygen saturation of 90%. The electrocardiogram showed: ST-T change,Tv6 flat;blood gas analysis: pH 7. 491, PCO2 34. 1 mmHg, PO2 54. 7 mmHg; D-Dimer 3. 87 mg/L; white blood cell 17. 50 × 10(9)/L. CTPA showed: right pulmonary artery embolism,pulmonary infection. Another male patient with the right tonsil cancer accepted operation under general anesthesia. Fourth day of patient suddenly appear bosom frowsty and obvious difficulty in breathing. Blood oxygen sat- uration of 88%. Blood gas analysis: pH: 7. 48, PCO2 : 33 mmHg, PO2 : 57 mmHg; D-Dimer: 2. 97 mg/L; white blood cell:11. 80 × 10(9)/L. CTPA showed: the main pulmonary artery and right pulmonary artery branch embolism, pulmonary inflammation. Both were diagnosised as acute pulmonary embolism and recovered well after giving anticoagulant therapy in time.

Objective: To establish a animal model of biliary leakage in pigs with laparoscopy., Methods: Eight healthy Bama minipigs were subject to laparoscopic surgery under general anesthesia.The cystic duct was resected at 0.5-1.0 cm from the root and the stump was left open with the gallbladder removed. Blood routine and hepatic functions of the pigs were tested before and 24 h after the surgery, and endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERC) was performed 24 h after the surgery. At 48 h after the surgery, the pigs were sacrificed for observation of the stump of the cystic duct., Results: The gallbladder, cystic duct, cystic artery, and the anatomical relations between the gallbladder and liver and between the cystic duct and common bile duct were fully exposed under laparoscopy. White blood cells, neutrophils and direct bilirubin increased significantly after the operation (P<0.05). The cystic ducts were resected at 0.5-1 cm away from the roots of the cystic ducts in 7 pigs and at 2 cm in 1 pig., Conclusion: Laparoscopy is safe and feasible for establishing the porcine model of biliary leakage.

We describe a simple, potentially low-cost, amperometric, enzyme-amplified, sandwich-type immunoassay, monitoring IgG at a concentration as low as approximately 7 pg/mL with a dynamic range of 10(4). The assay utilizes a screen-printed carbon electrode on which a redox hydrogel and avidin are co-electrodeposited. To neutralize nonspecifically binding positively charged microdomains of the avidin, two polyanions, poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) and poly(acrylic acid), are applied. These polyanions bind to the film not only electrostatically but also by Michael addition reaction to cysteine, lysine, or arginine functions of the avidin. The electrode is then made specific for the analyte, for which rabbit IgG was chosen, by conjugating the film-bound avidin to biotin-labeled anti-rabbit IgG. After exposure to the tested solution and capture of rabbit IgG, the sandwich is completed by conjugation of horseradish-peroxidase (HRP)-labeled anti-rabbit IgG. Electrical contact between the HRP and the electrode-bound hydrogel results in the formation of an electrocatalyst for the electroreduction of H2O2 to water. The application of the poly(acrylic acid-co-maleic acid) and the poly(acrylic acid) reduces the nonspecific adsorption-associated noise, lowers the detection limit from 3 ng/mL (approximately 20 pM analyte antibody concentration) to approximately 7 pg/mL (approximately 40 fM analyte antibody concentration), and also expands the dynamic range to 10(4).

The electrochemical sandwich-type, enzyme-amplified assay of Zhang, Kim, and Heller (Anal. Chem. 2003, 75, 3267-3269) was simplified by replacing the amplifying horseradish peroxidase with bilirubin oxidase (BOD). BOD catalyzes the reduction of ambient O(2) to water and obviates the need for adding H(2)O(2). Femtomolar (10(-)(15) M) concentrations of DNA were detected at a 10-microm-diameter tip of a carbon fiber electrode. Correspondingly, a few thousand copies of DNA were detected in approximately 5-microL samples. The sandwich is formed in an electron-conducting redox hydrogel, to the polymer of which a DNA capture sequence is bound. Capture of the analyte DNA and its hybridization with a BOD-labeled complementary DNA sequence, electrically connects the BOD label to the electron-conducting redox polymer, which is in electrical contact with the electrode. Placing the BOD in contact with the redox polymer thus converts the noncatalytic base layer into a catalyst for the electroreduction of O(2) to water at +0.12 V (vs Ag/AgCl) (Figure 1). In an exemplary assay, approximately 3000 copies of the iron transporting sequence of the sit gene of Shigella flexneri were detected without PCR amplification.

A 38-base DNA sequence has been detected at 20 pmol L(-1) concentration in 15-35- microL droplets by means of an electrochemical enzyme-amplified sandwich-type assay on a mass-manufacturable screen-printed carbon electrode. Formation of the sandwich brought the horseradish peroxidase-label of the detection sequence into electrical contact with a pre-electrodeposited redox polymer, making the sandwich an electrocatalyst for the reduction of hydrogen peroxide to water at +0.2 V (Ag/AgCl). Sensitivity twenty times better than that of a related system resulted from: 1. fivefold reduction of the noise by substituting the formerly used poly( N-vinyl imidazole)-co-acrylamide comprising redox co-polymer with poly(4-vinyl pyridine)-co-acrylamide comprising redox polymer, enabling use of the electrodes at a more oxidizing potential at which noise (the rate of non-enzyme catalyzed electroreduction currents of dissolved oxygen and hydrogen peroxide) was lower; 2. doubling of the catalytic electroreduction current upon electrodeposition of a second layer of the redox polymer on the capture sequence-containing film; and 3. doubling of the current by increasing the coverage by the capture sequence.