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Mining of the global commons in the deep seabed and outer space is grow-ing in technological and economic feasibility. Concurrently, we have in-creasing scientific knowledge of the environmental and social risks in-volved. Is the concept of the global commons and the related international law principle of the common heritage of humankind useful for negotiating such risks? Can this principle overcome its disciplinary legacy of strong mercantilist values and make an evolutionary turn towards greater ecologi-cal and social consciousness? To answer these questions, this reflection examines the role of the commons, corporations, and European empire in the creation of international law as well as environmental crises. It con-cludes that to overcome disciplinary legacies of imperialism and corporate greed, it would be helpful to conceive of international law as itself a global commons. Rather than Eurocentric values writ large, an international law where all cultures could participate on their own terms makes space for more sustainable and equitable legal traditions to reshape the global order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides a scientific socio-philosophical analysis of the dialectical connection of political culture and political ideologies in views on society, integration with social consciousness and its formation as the main preaching. In the process of analysis, philosophical knowledge of the East and West, views and theories of the most famous scientists were used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is an attempt to examine the tactical urbanization approach in meeting urban needs emerging from urbanization; to evaluate the shift in spatial perception due to collective production, and to provide input to the literature on the implementation of the approach in urban open spaces. In the study, how tactical urbanization affects urban open spaces, the differences of Kartal Square Park compared to other open spaces, and whether tactical urbanization can be a solution to the existing problems of the area have been examined. The principles of society-city-environment relations and the transformation of urban open spaces into common spaces are questioned through the determined basic parameters. The employed method is to define the criteria according to the literature and to evaluate the selected area with respect to physical size, spatial analysis, human dimension's qualitative observations, and the analysis of tactical urbanization examples for permanent commoning of the space according to common area categories. This study provides inputs to the use of tactical urbanization as a tool in the planning of urban open spaces, the open space approach to design more livable spaces, and the understanding of the common space impact in the creation of social awareness and consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the modern challenges in education society is to educate the future generation about sustainability goals. The challenge lies also, in how to decide, due to the multifaceted embeddedness within scientific, ethical, and moral domains. To better understand these decisions, I will rely on critical thinking (CT). In this article, the poststructuralist lens has been used along with positioning theory as theoretical and methodological perspectives to understand the discourse of primary teachers when they are discussing Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) tasks. I explore how through a critical discourse analysis (CDA) positioning theory enlightens ESD as a form of social consciousness. This social consciousness is understood through the way two teachers in a focus group interview are positioning themselves when they are engaged in ESD tasks. How are teachers using the pronouns, such as I/me, and we/us when discussing environmental and sustainability issues is discussed from a Derridean perspective, as highlighting the formation of the "we" in terms of actions and its limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mekong Delta in Vietnam is one of the largest and most fertile deltas in Southeast Asia and the world. With many rivers and canals, therefore, the Mekong Delta is also a wild land with many wild animals and natural disasters: "The first half of season is dry, the rest of it is monsoon"; "When you row a boat, you are afraid of crocodiles biting your feet. When you get off the boat, you are afraid of leeches, and when you go to the forest, you are afraid of ghosts". Besides the harshness of nature, this land has flat terrain, fertile alluvial soil, and a mild climate. Therefore, this place has long been inhabited by many different ethnic groups. Since the 17th century, (the Mekong Delta) has received many ethnic groups: "Vietnamese, Chinese, Khmer, and Cham. Ethnic groups come here to make a living and bring their ethnic beliefs with them as a protection to help them stay strong in a foreign land: "When I go away, please take care of yourself and call God for help". Each ethnic group has different beliefs where the Chinese worship Ba Thien Hau, worship Duc Quan Thanh, worship Ba Quan Am, and worship Thien (with the concept: it is the river gods, the sea gods, the gods specializing in saving people at sea like Ba Thien Hau who have blessed them a lot on their long journeys to Vietnam, so the temples are often built on the riverbank, is for the gods to guard, prevent all bad luck, bring good luck and good things). All the above good cultural and religious elements need to be preserved, protected, and handed down. Experiencing hundreds of years of history, along with indigenous folk beliefs, folk beliefs of the Chinese people are becoming social consciousness, connecting the community, contributing to meeting the needs of the people's cultural and spiritual activities, and consolidating. The improve moral values, and ways of life of the Vietnamese people have practical significance for the people of the Mekong Delta. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reveals the essential features and conditions of the long-term process of development of competitive innovation economy - knowledge economy on the example of Ukraine, where the dialogue of late postmodernism and early post-industrialism create special regional conditions. The article characterizes education as not just a form of social consciousness and practice, but as a social and cultural engine and simultaneously marker of civilization development level; considers higher education system from the point of view of society request to form specialists of high qualification level and as a result powerful factor of regional economic growth; offers the directions of Ukraine higher education reforming, which still has signs of late postmodernism. The authors of this article have proved that the synergy of the economic and educational-scientific spheres is capable of changing the global laws of society's existence and returning the course of history to a truly humanistic, technological and divinely attentive course. The development of innovative activities, the introduction of new technologies, which in the long term to overcome the negative trends, primarily related to the need for structural reform of the educational sector in Ukraine and other regions, which are attractors of world change. In particular, cardinal changes require higher education as the most important resource potential that determines the direction of sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Students of Turkish heritage are overrepresented in basic secondary vocational schools and underrepresented in university-track academic secondary schools in Germany. Macro-level studies analyzing this achievement gap generally focus on the effects of family resources, institutional practices, and discrimination. Yet, the impact of macro-level factors, such as the effects of institutional mechanisms on students' identities, remains relatively unquestioned. Drawing on the ethnicization framework and utilizing in-depth interviews and ethnography, this study examines the social consciousness of a group of male Turkish descent students in German secondary school tracks. The study analyzes the relationship between social consciousness and the broader educational context, suggesting that this relationship involves ethnicized oppositional elements stemming not from culture but from class and ethnic stratifications affirmed and lived out in German schools on a daily basis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(Gobodo-Madikizela, p.12) Towards the end of her introduction, Gobodo-Madikizela challenges received thinking about forgiveness and reconciliation that I appreciated. This is an organization that was founded ... in 1995 to bring together children and children's children of those who were persecuted by the Nazis, of Holocaust survivors, as well as descendants of Nazi perpetrators and bystanders. The political is personal Gobodo-Madikizela, Pumla (ed.). [Extracted from the article]

T'ongkit'a music grew out of the 1960s Korean youth culture, which was centered on elite university students. Previous studies on t'ongkit'a music often highlight its political and social consciousness, but even in its heyday, t'ongkit'a music's relationship with political activism was limited and accidental. Though it should not be overlooked that the youth's music was a new mode of social and aesthetic interaction and communication, its political values and effects are rather a later invention of the progressive popular music researchers [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The problem of traditions and innovations in vocal and choral performance is a large-scale, many-sided integral system. This phenomenon of musical culture combines the classical direction and modernization of interpretation processes, which determines the topicality of the research. The aim of the article was to reveal the phenomenon of traditions and innovations in vocal and choral art as a complex multi-vector phenomenon that includes components of different scales, content, and functions that they perform. Methods. The research involved theoretical and practical methods. Problem: theoretical methods are represented by the analysis and arrangement of materials; identification of the main elements of the problem; generalization of the data obtained during the research. The practical methods are based on the search for and collection of scientific concepts and empirical data from the fields of performance, history, pedagogy, philosophy, aesthetics, medicine; on the monitoring of educational, as well as concert and performing activities; creative collaboration with soloists and the choral group. Results. The problem of traditions and innovations in vocal and choral performance is based on the following blocks: preservation of classical principles of academic vocal performance; their synthesis with discoveries and achievements of other spheres; modernization promoted by the expansion and updating of the genre framework, as well as modern engineering equipment. Conclusions. The fact of significance of the phenomenon of traditions and innovations in vocal and choral performance for the culture of society was revealed during the research. Its universality as a many-sided, flexible, large-scale integral phenomenon which consists of many different elements that play a leading role in its formation and are closely related was proved. Its interaction with different areas of society is shown. Prospects. The issue of traditions and innovations in vocal and choral performance is constantly enriched with new content, expands the scope of its implementation and interaction with various forms of social consciousness, science, medicine, which necessitates further study of this phenomenon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Khalid Fateh Mohammad is one of the most famous novelists of the 21st century. His work is an interesting school of diverse themes, however, mainly about recurring mundane issues that concern common people. Khalid Fateh Muhammad's relatively recent novel زينم is varied in its subject matter. He unpicks social evils and brings forth what follows at their heels, underlining their ramifications for our societal fabric. In this article, we have primarily analyzed the contribution of Khalid's novel زينم in creating a particular kind of social consciousness in our society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of urban sustainable development has received increasing attention from the relevant Taiwan authorities. On the one hand, the concept of urban sustainable development can be adopted to address the migration and aging problems of the rural township population. On the other hand, the relevant authorities hoped to stimulate local economic activities, to attract the students and workers who had left the area, so that they would return to their hometowns to start a business or seek employment. Therefore, this study analyzes the driving forces of urban sustainable development, as well as its challenges and restrictions, with a focus on the urban stakeholders (residents, sojourners, and travelers). The urban stakeholders should have the opportunity to re-examine the future direction of urban sustainable development and to analyze the challenges involved from a variety of perspectives, thereby finding new opportunities for urban sustainable development. The four driving forces (cultural inheritance, environment preservation, economic development, and social consciousness) were applied to assess the adoption strategies of urban sustainable development. This study determined the status of satisfaction and importance for the driving aspects of urban sustainable development using the SIA (satisfaction & importance analysis) approach and analyzed the network relation structure based on the network relation map approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article rethinks the corporation and 'the social contract with business' for the post-pandemic era. It uses a double historical orientation centred on the turbulence of the 1930s in Europe and America to insist on the company's relationship with government, and to explore transformations in the social contract now needed to socialise and ecologise global business. One part of this history looks forward, from Adolf Berle's modern corporation to the neoliberal corporation and regulatory governance. The article criticises a transformation of regulatory priorities in this era, closely analysing the shift to procedural mandates and questioning the corporate law tactic of 'enlightening' companies. The second part looks backwards to industrial modernism and Walter Rathenau in Germany in the interwar era, and also earlier (the late 1890s), to salvage a different understanding of the company and social contract, built around more constructivist visions of law, government and social consciousness. This part of the article is insistent about the metaphysical aspects of law and about developing law's equalising powers around corporate impactfulness and injustice. It promotes 'thought' about collectivism (John Keynes) and the legal and regulatory recalibration that is needed to confront certain amassing challenges of the present. The article makes institutional transformation about shifting onto a different historical axis, whereby we might re-learn collectivist ambitions around the company that co-evolves with law and government, live to the public interest. It proposes a new social contract with business and a new regulatory modus involving law's 'Creabimus' and 'regulating dangerously' for situations of widely adverse corporate impactfulness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The nature of man, both its social component and biological, make it necessary to understand the possibility of existence and development of personality in the environment. The establishment of social ties is impossible between representatives of society without social relations, the content of which is primarily human rights, with which the obligations of the participants of relations correspond, the presence of measures of legal responsibility, as a certain response of the state to ensure the stability of social relations. Human rights are both at the origins and at the top of legal processes, they accompany all human actions and from how the content of human rights is understood, what forms are given to human rights, and what algorithms (mechanisms) are determined for the use, implementation, implementation, protection and protection of rights person, all derivative legal elements are defined, as well as society, its state and democracy. Based on this, the purpose of the research was to search and analyze the understanding of human rights in the legal doctrine of modern times. Human rights are quite often perceived as certain capabilities of the subject, although this cannot be rejected, since this property is one of the decisive ones for a person, the bearer of these rights, but human rights play a leading role for both societies and states. Human rights, as values, indicates that human rights are a social product of the intellectual activity of both one person and his communities, which, going beyond the limits of individual consciousness, form a cluster of the spiritual life of societies and humanity as a whole, which determines the relationship of a person and society, man and institutions of society. The natural-law concept of human rights is a source for searching and thinking about the understanding of human rights, their content, number, and other features, while positivism reflects the recognition of such rights by society and its entities, in particular, the state. Statism and positivism, most likely, provide an understanding of the form of human rights, which acquires a universally recognized meaning. It is in positive law that human rights are legitimized. The understanding of human rights demonstrates the social and historical-legal formulation of the content of human rights from the ideas of individual individuals to the general social consciousness and legal culture in the field of human rights. In our opinion, it is appropriate to perceive human rights as historically formed and perceived social values, embodied in the capabilities of a certain individual, and along with this, they are at the same time vectors of state development and limits for the exercise of power in relation to an individual and society as a whole. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a work of great honesty, ethical integrity, and insight that illuminates the profoundly damaging and destructive ways in which authoritarianism in modern China has violated the human rights and well-being of Chinese citizens. Weiwei writes extensively and movingly about his father's experiences with authoritarian state persecution and relates these powerfully and effectively to his own related experiences and to those of modern Chinese citizens who aspire to freedom and democracy, but have been prevented from organizing themselves collectively and expressing themselves both individually and collectively to advance this vision. As such, the book holds a special appeal to scholars, students, and all those interested in human rights and democracy promotion as well as recent and contemporary Chinese life and culture. [Extracted from the article]

In recent years, the COVID-19 pandemic has negatively impacted all aspects of social life. Due to ease in the infected method, i.e., through small liquid particles from the mouth or the nose when people cough, sneeze, speak, sing, or breathe, the virus can quickly spread and create severe problems for people’s health. According to some research as well as World Health Organization (WHO) recommendation, one of the most economical and effective methods to prevent the spread of the pandemic is to ask people to wear the face mask in the public space. A face mask will help prevent the droplet and aerosol from person to person to reduce the risk of virus infection. This simple method can reduce up to 95% of the spread of the particles. However, this solution depends heavily on social consciousness, which is sometimes unstable. In order to improve the effectiveness of wearing face masks in public spaces, this research proposes an approach for detecting and warning a person who does not wear or misuse the face mask. The approach uses the deep learning technique that relies on GoogleNet, AlexNet, and VGG16 models. The results are synthesized by an ensemble method, i.e., the bagging technique. From the experimental results, the approach represents a more than 95% accuracy of face mask recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an original theoretical exploration of the potential effects of northern activism on labor conditions and welfare in the South using a duopoly model with endogenous prices, wages and qualities. We assume that all consumers derive the same utility from one ("northern") good but are heterogeneous with respect to the other ("southern") good. This asymmetry captures in a stylized fashion the consensus among northern consumers on the labor conditions prevailing in the North and their ambivalence concerning labor practices in the South. A greater consumer's social consciousness can be seen as a punishment (boycott) for harmful practices or a reward (buycott) for more virtuous practices. If both forms of activism seem to have the same objectives, one should prefer an activism based on positive information. In an in-depth analysis of a boycott and a buycott campaign, we show that the less socially conscious a firm, the higher the likelihood to be targeted by a boycott or a buycott campaign. A higher quality may reduce this likelihood to be targeted. Northern firm should prefer boycott to buycott whereas southern one always prefer buycott. We also show that consumer surplus may decrease with the both form of activism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As part of contemporary racial reckoning, institutions are acknowledging their historical legacies of racism and discrimination. Media institutions, given their role in the social construction of reality, have been called to account by racial justice activists for perpetuating the white-dominant status quo. We develop a framework for recognizing and interpreting efforts at historical repair work in journalism, second draft of history journalism (SDOH), whereby contemporary consciousness about racial injustice, structural inequality, and exclusionary practices inside and outside journalism prompt news organizations to revisit the historical record. Through case study exemplars at U.S. newspapers, we define the three main modes—active, reflective, and active/reflective, and four key characteristics of SDOH journalism—discursive consciousness, institutional consciousness, moral consciousness, and past orientation. We address the contested boundaries of journalism's cultural authority as journalists negotiate between SDOH journalism's moral advocacy in pursuit of social justice and journalists' professional journalistic norms of objectivity and neutrality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is a being that discovers its ontological world, searching for its essence, while also preserving human sociality. It is the thinking ability of every human being that liberates the ontology of the world (s)he experiences, the teleology of the ideal world, through meanings. Society has changed in that time/space in people's perceptions of their own externality the abstract/concrete are constructed by arguments. Ideal facts, relative values are in reality; human/society phenomenon, knowledge/conscience awareness. The dialectical process between the deterministic understanding that fixes the freedom of human will in the cause relation and the factual reality created by human perception continues to be a matter of debate. Things in the universe, the subject in the consciousness of sensory/mental is included as when the material reality precedes the intellectual reality. Critical thinking of the problem of reality with the knowledge of existence in the context of subject and object is possible not only with the perception by social consciousness but also internalized by the individual of consciousness. The mind is subjective phenomena in which the absolute truth in the sign structure is connected to the ideas. The cultural elements obscure the whole meaning of what can be called an object-inherent truth, in indirect processing. In this article, conceptually, the phenomena of Relativism / Absolutism will be examined in the reality of Idealism / Materialism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses G.W.F. Hegel's view on the hierarchy and evolution of religions, focusing on Christianity and Islam. Hegel considered Christianity to be the philosophical religion par excellence, while Islam lacked a solid organizing principle. Although these assessments may be Eurocentric and not shared today, the article highlights the importance of considering the influence of religions in shaping social consciousness and praxis in an interconnected world. It argues that religions that combine self-awareness with an understanding of ecological limitations and a inclination towards individual freedom and autonomy are most suitable for counteracting the negative effects of modernity. It concludes that the separation between Church and State is beneficial in the long run. [Extracted from the article]

The development of a critical consciousness around issues of poverty is an essential goal of social work educators. Teaching students about poverty requires that they evaluate their preexisting attitudes to assess compatibility with professional social work ethics and values. Recognizing the meaning that students give to their prior attitudes, course experiences, and personal reflections can help social work educators better understand how shifts in poverty attitudes may occur. In this paper, the authors discuss the use of student journaling immediately following experiential learning activities as a useful process for developing empathetic understanding of issues of poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The production of fruits and vegetables is expected to increase in the United Kingdom (UK) as a response to increasing consumers' demand, coupled with impacts of Brexit on the imports from the European Union (EU). Retailers and consumers are more aware of the environmental impact and provenance of food and are demanding to their suppliers to implement sustainable agricultural practices. Seven horticultural farmers and farm managers across the UK were interviewed to investigate the implementation of sustainable practices, and the motivations and enablers for adoption, as well as perceptions on sustainability and climate change. Factors influencing adoption mainly were efficiency and cost reduction, regulations, and market demand, even though, environmental, and social consciousness also played a role in adoption. There was little evidence that participation in knowledge networks or the perception of climate change and impacts, and of carbon footprint assessments influenced the adoption of sustainable agricultural practices, but this finding deserves further investigation. Farmers' awareness of the importance of soil was clear and governments should encourage farmers' involvement in the monitoring of soil health, as a mean of engaging them in the wider discussion about the implementation of sustainable land management, including climate change adaptation and mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the evolution of Michael Polanyi's critique of economic planning. It portrays how the focal point of his critique shifted from addressing the 'spirit,' 'social consciousness,' and 'public emotion' of the people supporting planned economies to addressing the administrative 'unmanageability' and the logical impossibility of economic planning. Polanyi developed thought experiments of imaginary economies, contrasted the 'pyramid of authority' with the polygons of liberty, and explained organic (spontaneous order) and inorganic (corporate order) ways of adjusting economic relations. He attempted to relax the Leviathan of Soviet economics, and drew the conclusion that mathematics is not sufficient in itself to properly address the economy. Eventually, Polanyi developed an institutionalist approach in order to be able to address both the variability of market economies and the failures of socialist 'super-planners' who claimed to eliminate the drift of individual economic adjustments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study used qualitative research methodology and a case study design to explore the impact of multicultural texts on teaching and learning within a summer reading program, through the lens of four preservice teacher candidates. Semi-structured interviews and weekly journal entries were the primary data collection methods and were later analyzed using thematic analysis. James Banks’ “Levels of Integration of Multicultural Content” was the theoretical framework that guided this study. It was found that multicultural texts supported the teaching and learning of diverse learners. The major themes included content reflective of the reader, an extended cultural scope, and social consciousness and advocacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Purpose: This current research investigates antecedents affecting young consumers' purchasing intention of organic foods in a developing nation's (Pakistan) context utilizing Theory of Planned Behavior. For this purpose, theoretical framework comprising characteristics of a product, concerns of consumers and consciousness were proposed. Design/methodology/approach: Responses were collected from a sample comprising 418 young consumers through the convenience sampling technique. The data has been evaluated through Structural Equation Modeling. Findings: Findings demonstrate that characteristics of products and concerns of consumers significantly affect young consumer's health and social consciousness. However, such health and social consciousness were found to have an insignificant effect on young consumers' attitudes. Moreover, findings also show that attitude is positively linked with young consumers' purchase frequency towards organic foods. Outcomes also approve moderation of environmental awareness between attitude and organic food purchasing intention. Practical implications: The present study offers numerous implications for marketers, policymakers and socio-ecological organizations regarding development of intervention strategies to promote the purchase of organic foods. The study provides implications regarding making organic foods more accessible to all consumers in order to increase organic food consumption in developing countries. Originality/value: Although young consumers are aware of organic food products, their knowledge about the concept is limited. Therefore, this study provides an understanding of consumer's perspective regarding their purchase intention of organic foods, which will help marketers, researchers and food producers to achieve marketing strategies for the development of these products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article introduces Roman Hadjikosev's debut novel, Debelyanov's Diary: The Blue Notebook. Herein, the main creative virtues of the work are demonstrated, including: accepting the challenge of writing a biographical novel about a classic Bulgarian author, whose artistic and personal profiles are extremely stable in the social consciousness; challenging the definition of the genre by incorporating original creative decisions; examining the character system of the novel as an original decision for building Debelyanov's character via the features of other individual protagonists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Communication Theory & Research / Iletisim Kuram ve Arastirma Dergisi is the property of Gazi University, Faculty of Communication and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mental peculiarities of man of IT-civilization are being theoretically reconstructed in the article. The relevance of the topic is determined by the impact (which is apparently controversial and frequently even causing concern) of newest technologies on people’s psyche and somatic features, their private and social life. In methodology the authors rely on non-idealistic dialectics that is correlated with the content of critical social theory. In the stated methodological paradigm, priority is given to a positive non-classical dialectics which is being distinguished from both a classical dialectics and a negative one. The paper is primarily focused on specificity of social consciousness which categorical status is mostly related to Marxist intellectual tradition. The latter is chosen as a paradigm in the given text. Along with that, Marxist problematization of consciousness and its neighboring realities – ontological, epistemological, social ones – is interpreted with historically actual objective and subjective circumstances in mind. In this regard, the role of socio-cultural templates of modernity, modernism and postmodernity is being highlighted. We specify the content of conceptually significant concepts: social consciousness, information, ideology, propaganda, and consumer society. Consumer society itself is identified as capitalism of new technological and mental mode. The negative character of information and computer technologies’ influence on human psyche is being accentuated and elaborated. On the basis of adduced arguments, it is stated: consciousness of digital society’s man is prone to destruction, eclecticism and is susceptible to being manipulated which is fraught with totalitarian outcome. The resistance strategy is being defined. Its important component is an ability to detect innovative forms of exploitation and control concealed behind technological novelties.

The article gives a theoretical survey of the concepts of social consciousness and depicts the history of formation of this concept in the 1950–70s in the works of Vladislav Kelle and Matvey Kovalzon, Evald Ilyenkov, Vasily Tugarinov et al. The philosophy of this period was characterized by the antinomy between the increasing dogmatism of diamat/histmat and the tendency towards convergence with world philosophical thought. The struggle between ideological and scientific attitudes in Soviet humanities intensified. The scientific spirit permeated through the formation of sociology and its increasing influence at both empirical and theoretical levels of analysis. During this period the problems of dialectics of individual and social consciousness, forms of social consciousness and mechanics of their functioning, correlation of social consciousness with public opinion, etc., are under investigation. Much attention is given to the debate on the nature of the ideal, which Ilyenkov explicitly linked to social consciousness. The opposition of natural scientific and philosophical approaches to the study of consciousness is considered. The article draws attention to the scientific breakthroughs of the time: the problem of consciousness for the first time is discussed in the light of the achievements of computerization in the 1960s and the problem of creating artificial intelligence. Three main approaches to the study of social consciousness are considered: ontological, epistemological and sociological. The problem of social consciousness has been actively discussed in Soviet philosophical literature since the late 1950s (although some studies were conducted even in the prewar period). At this time, there appear works in which social consciousness is interpreted not only as a reflection of social being, i.e. of the socio-economic structure of society, but also as a relatively independent phenomenon that requires multidimensional study and has a reverse effect on people’s material relations. Such an approach opened up the possibility of sociological analysis of consciousness. The key concept of Soviet sociology is public opinion, understood as a peculiar state of public consciousness. Thus, the methodological foundations of empirical sociology, which aims to study public opinion, are laid. Boris Grushin discovers the specificity of public opinion in its neutrality, equal acceptability for all social classes. The scholar regards sociological research as an effective tool for the formation of civil society and increasing its self-consciousness. The article shows the specificity of the concept of public consciousness in Soviet sociology, including empirical research based on mass interviews and study of public opinion.

Two recent studies highlight the potential of a demand response (DR) program as a tool to manage peak-hour electricity consumption by households. Households in these studies respond to the offer of financial rewards or an appeal to the sense of civic duty and significantly reduce electricity consumption during declared peak hours. Due to the small number of peak events included in these studies, however, a question remains whether households will continue to respond to repeated calls to action over a long span of time. We analyze a demand response program of Gangwon Province, South Korea, called "Electricity Piggy Bank" where the incentive offered was in the form of small monetary reward together with an appeal to social consciousness. The program tracked the electricity usage of about 2,000 households over one-year period during which peak events were declared once a week. We find significant reduction in electricity usage during declared peak hours and, more importantly, no decay of effects over time. The magnitude of electricity savings during peak hours is no less than the one reported for the previous financial-incentive-based DR, suggesting that offering small monetary rewards together with pro-social stimuli can be a viable alternative to a financial-reward-oriented scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article refers to anthropological, sociological and pedagogical aspects of reframing - in a creative way - the rituals addressed to children at the threshold of puberty. Based on a presentation of a new ritual of farewell to childhood, the paper is a theoretical reflection on the need of introducing new rituals that create ground for animation-educational practice. This practice - by revivifying creativity in areas considered so far closed and exclusive - makes it possible to overcome socially unfavourable structures of performance, and the inceptions of new, legitimized and empowering forms of subjective representations. Ritual's creative qualities - in Victor Turner's conceptualization - have inspired the authors to emphasize the need to replace a hegemony of thinking with a heterogeneity of thinking about the rites of passage. This undertaking is directed towards creating a space in social consciousness for rituals that are other than religious ones. Following Gert Biesta's thinking, we argue that the farewell to childhood in the form we propose can be seen as an expression of pedagogical interruption and a practice of commonality which is a common good, one endlessly fragile and requiring cultivation. The secular children's rite of passage and other secular rituals that arise not in opposition to religious rituals, but alongside them, are such common goods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In contemporary legal sociology research, legal culture and legal consciousness are often used as synonymous or closely related, overlapping concepts. The aim of this paper is to elucidate the possibility of separating the two concepts through a more in-depth analysis. The first part of the paper explores the ideological-historical connections between the two concepts and argues that the conceptual confusion between legal culture and legal consciousness that characterises contemporary legal sociology occurred in the 1970s in American legal scholarship. The concept of social legal consciousness is first discussed in the context of conceptual analysis. After a general definition of legal consciousness, the components of individual legal consciousness, the factors and mediating structures linking individual and social legal consciousness, and finally the theoretical issues of conceptualisation are discussed. The second part of the conceptual analysis focuses on the concept of legal culture. The difficulties of defining the concept are taken into account, starting from a review of the academic debate surrounding the work of Lawrence Friedman. The concept of legal culture is constructed on the basis of the criteria for conceptualisation derived from this. The core concept is culture, and the distinguishing feature is a sociological concept of law. Next, it introduces the distinction between lay and professional culture and examines the extent to which the concept of legal culture thus outlined meets the criteria set out above. The paper concludes by summarising the rationale and yields of the conceptual analysis, highlighting the dynamic relationship between legal culture and social legal consciousness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

American culture's emphasis on individualism has been identified by those directly engaged with fighting the COVID-19 pandemic and by popular cultural commentators as problematic in mustering the collective social consciousness and self-sacrifice necessary to mount a successful pandemic response. This concern is supported by emerging academic research which postulates a relationship between a culture's relative balance between individualism and collectivism and the success of its pandemic response. Big data analysis suggests an inverse relationship between individualistic cultural traits and success in pandemic mitigation. Although the relative advantages and disadvantages of American individualism have been debated since Tocqueville, a recent rise in the dominance of individualism within the American psyche has been noted by both sides of the political spectrum with conservative commentary expressing concern over radical individualism and more left-leaning commentary finding increasing acceptance of libertarian principles perilous to the common good. Paralleling this rise in individualism are neo-liberal efforts at education reform that culminated in No Child Left Behind and its successor Every Student Succeeds. Such comprehensive neo-liberal reform efforts engender increased cultural individualism in three ways: by narrowing curriculum definitions and content to a core that excludes issues of citizenship; by increasing direct instruction that limits students' opportunities to engage with others in meaningful educational tasks; and most importantly, by creating an accountability superstructure based solely on decontextualized evaluations of isolated students, educators, and schools. The decades-long dominance of neo-liberal reform efforts create an educational environment which reinforces the cultural individualism hampering a successful American response to COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author draws attention to Playback Theatre's ability to translate stories that speak to social injustice in South Africa. When the Playback Theatre ensemble intra-acts with stories, it encourages affective consciousness through social artistry. This is crucial in highlighting the potential of Playback Theatre to stage stories that steer away from reductionist portrayals. The author undertakes a diffractive analysis of two stories within the performance that concerns the contestation of gender roles and patriarchy in South Africa. Narrative reticulation and intra-actions are employed to reveal how performative translations in Playback Theatre provide an opportunity to magnify issues pertaining to social justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Digital humanities provide an opportunity for collaborators to connect with various people, disciplines, and resources to produce and share knowledge. It also allows creators and users to navigate research and scholarship through partnerships and online engagement. This article features an undergraduate digital humanities course taught in spring 2018 titled "Haitian Studies and Culture" at the University of Florida. In this course, students considered ways of speaking, writing, researching, and representing Haiti, while engaging in critical discussions related to issues and questions of access, authorship, interpretation, and representation. This essay serves as a reflection statement by highlighting how the author explored critical and social justice pedagogies and Black feminist theory to teach digital scholarship on Haitian Studies. This article argues that these approaches enrich teaching practices and student learning and offer a lens to address decolonization, deepen our social consciousness, and contribute to public scholarship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Facing the impact of MIT (Multimedia Information Technology) on modern SG (Social Governance) and its opportunity, we should promote the diversified development of SG by cultivating social democratic consciousness in MIT and promote the transparent development of SG by encouraging citizens' right to know. Combining the internal logic of MIT innovation SG with the status quo and opportunities of MITSG, this paper actively explores the application of MIT in modern SG platform and realizes the steady progress of SG capability modernization. Oversampling and density are used to determine the initial K value and initial center point of K -means algorithm, and parallelization improvement is made based on Hadoop platform. Experiments show that the improved K -means algorithm has good parallelism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the image of the family and the family home in a series of novels for young people by the popular Polish writer Małgorzata Musierowicz in the context of literary conventions and stereotypes about the family in contemporary Polish society. The novels, which cover a period of over 40 years, generally fit contemporary Polish realities; however, the didactic function of the novels results in the author creating an idealized image of the Polish intellectual family, filling the readers with optimism. The picture created by the writer, on the one hand, fits perfectly into the stereotype of the family, which is one of the values highly esteemed by Poles. On the other hand, it adapts to the conventions of novels for girls. In this article, the stereotype of the family is reconstructed on the basis of language data and surveys. We present the meanings and contexts of family as a noun and family as an adjective. We also present the results of our survey, the aim of which was to determine an essence of a stereotypical family and how the traditional family model is comprehended by respondents coming from various groups. We also present the respondents' attitude to the patriarchal family model and the division of roles into male and female. In our opinion, the correspondence between the family picture created in the novels and the image of the family operating in social consciousness is the reason for the popularity of the series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mythic memory manifests itself with reproductions in every branch of art. Such a memory, which reveals a conscious transmission in the historical process, provides important data at the point of showing the source of the producing new works and analyzing the context change/renewal. The transfer, adaptation or reproduction of the myths, which are among the dominant narratives of the oral culture, to the literary field and to the cinema with the advancing technology, initiates the semiotic relations between the fields/genres. The myths, which are the products of common sense, thought and imagination of the social consciousness, are not only a source for all kinds of narratives produced latterly, but also fulfill the functions of understanding and telling life. At this point, it is seen that the cinema, which is able to present the narratives both visually and audibly, establishes strong ties with mythological elements. In particular, Hollywood cinema, which has become the symbol of American film production, carries the mythic Olympos to its own geography by creating a new generation of gods through recalling, transforming, adapting or directly sourcing and reproducing the ancient Greek gods at semiotic context. Thus, it constructs a mythological universe that is constantly renewed and whose boundaries are determined by itself. The new generation gods, which are adapted from the comic book genre and mostly inspired by the mythical gods from which it originated, are brought to the movie screen with their unique features. These new gods in the appearance of superheroes create a new epic narrative world in cinema with evolving technology. Thus, while transferring from myth to cinema, a return to myth from philosophy is provided even in the fictional field. The transformation of the ancient Greek gods, who lost their cosmic powers in mythical narratives, into epic heroes over time has a similar thematic structure in the stories of the new gods created by Hollywood cinema. Heroes struggling with the rewriting of an endless cycle in different contexts refer in many ways to mythical narratives and to the heroes (gods and goddesses) of these narratives. These heroes, who reveal the relationship/interaction between cinema and rewriting, which is among the basic functions of myths, show the characteristics of epic/invincible warriors. Hollywood movie heroes, which recall mythic gods/goddesses and endowed with superhuman powers in this respect, are regarded as common protector of all humanity. By this way, a hegemonic discourse tool is revealed with the transformation of virtual reality with increased plausibility. This study examines the semiotic references to the ancient Greek mythology of Superman and Wonder Woman, which are the prominent fictional heroes of Hollywood cinema. In this context, the study emphasizes the resemblance of the Superman character to the Greek god Zeus, while revealing the common features and functions of both heroes. It is also underlined that Wonder Woman is transferred to the cinema with a direct adaptation from Greek mythology. Finally, the films Superman Returns (2006) and Wonder Woman (2017), in which the mythological references and exchanges are more pronounced among the film series created around both heroes, have been analyzed on the semiotic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]