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Three new species of the Glyphepomis are described: Glyphepomis dubia Campos & Souza, sp. nov., Glyphepomis amazonica Goncalves & Campos, sp. nov. and Glyphepomis magnocephala Bianchi & Campos, sp. nov. Comparative illustrations of external and internal genitalia, distribution map of the described species, additions to the genus description, and a key to the species are provided.

Menidini is highly diverse in the Paleartic and Afrotropical regions. Only two genera, Rio Kirkaldy and Elanela Rolston, are currently known from the Neotropical region. Here we describe five new species of Elanela: E. nigrofemorata sp. nov., E. diamphidiosa sp. nov., E. rafaeli sp. nov., E. fernandesi sp. nov., and E. scutomaculata sp. nov. The generic diagnosis of Elanela is modified to accommodate the new species and a dichotomous key is provided.

The Neotropical genus Braunus Distant is revised. Based on general morphology, Braunus is transferred to the Pentatominae and Lojus is proposed as a junior synonym of Braunus . The male and female genitalia of Braunus sciocorinus (Walker) are described for the first time. Three new species from the Peruvian and Bolivian Andes and from Colombia are described, Braunus machadoi Barao & Garbelotto sp. nov. (Holotype male deposited in AMNH: Peru, Cuzco, 01.XII.2011, C. Weirauch leg.), Braunus gibbus Garbelotto & Barao sp. nov. (Holotype female deposited in AMNH: Bolivia, Santa Cruz, Prov. Caballero, 15–21.X.2001, S. Spector & J. Ledezma leg.), and Braunus prionotus Barao & Garbelotto sp. nov. (Holotype female deposited in MNHN: Colombia, VII.1974, Steinheil leg.), respectively. Also, we describe the internal male and female genitalia of Braunus ocellatus (Thomas) comb. nov. A key to species and comments on subfamilial and tribal placements and on wing polymorphism are provided.

Pseudevoplitus Ruckes was recently revised and new species were described. The genus has a Neotropical distribution, with species mainly found in the Amazon. Here, we describe the previously unknown female of P. roraimensis and add localities to its known distribution. Also, a new species, P. angelomachadoi sp. nov. (Holotype male deposited in MNHN: French Guiana, Acarouany, 15.IX.1998, A. Matocq leg.), from the Amazonia of French Guiana is described; it can be distinguished from other species of the genus mainly by the bell-shaped pygophore in males, and the gonocoxites 8 widely obscuring the laterotergites 8 basally, in females, a unique character of this species. The key to species of Pseudevoplitus is updated to include the new species and females.

Em contraste com a prevalência e importância dos estágios jovens dos insetos, suas características permanecem, em grande medida, desconhecidas. Das mais de 4.100 espécies de Pentatomidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera), apenas 125 e 98 espécies tiveram a morfologia dos estágios de ovo e ninfa descritos, respectivamente. O reconhecimento das espécies de pentatomídeos é feito com base em caracteres de morfologia externa e genitália dos adultos; porém também os estágios imaturos apresentam características as quais permitem identificações ao nível de família, gênero e espécie. O gênero Chinavia possui 32 espécies registradas para o Brasil, das quais 12 ocorrem no Rio Grande do Sul. Apesar da diversidade, da ampla distribuição e da importância agrícola do gênero, somente oito dessas espécies têm seus imaturos descritos. O presente estudo descreve a morfologia dos ovos e dos cinco ínstares ninfais das seguintes espécies: Chinavia aseada (Rolston, 1983), Chinavia armigera (Stål, 1854), Chinavia brasicola (Rolston, 1983) e Chinavia runaspis (Dallas, 1851), e a biologia das últimas três espécies citadas. Foram elaboradas descrições e ilustrações, obtidos dados morfométricos e investigados aspectos de biologia. As espécies estudadas compartilham com as demais espécies de Chinavia características diagnósticas em nível genérico. Todas as quatro espécies do presente estudo apresentam ovos de cor castanha. Entretanto, os ovos de C. armigera apresentam uma coloração brilhante, ao passo que as demais espécie tem ovos opacos. A forma do ovo, a esculturação da superfície do cório e a forma dos processos aero-micropilares são semelhantes ao que foi observado em outras espécies do gênero. No 1° ínstar, todas as espécies do gênero apresentam uma mancha dorsal, cujo tamanho e forma podem variar, bem como a coloração, que vai de amarela a vermelha. Em C. runaspis, a mancha dorsal característica do gênero apresenta tamanho maior que nas demais espécies, o que auxilia na identificação a nível específico já no 1° ínstar. A partir do 2° ínstar surgem manchas no dorso abdominal, cujo padrão de coloração e distribuição pode auxiliar na identificação a nível específico. Tais manchas se tornam mais amplas na medida em que o inseto se desenvolve. A formação do escutelo é visível no 3° ínstar. No 4° ínstar, aparecem as pterotecas mesotorácicas, mas essas não cobrem o metanoto. No 5° ínstar, as pterotecas ultrapassam ou pelo menos atingem a margem posterior do metanoto, e as ninfas já exibem diferenciação sexual. Neste ínstar as características diagnósticas tornam-se mais evidentes, o que facilita a identificação a nível específico. O tempo médio de desenvolvimento entre os estágios de ovo e adulto foi de 44,71 ± 5,59 dias. Este estudo visa ampliar o conhecimento dos imaturos de Chinavia, através de comparações com outras espécies congenéricas já conhecidas e a elaboração de chaves de identificação para as espécies sul-rio-grandenses, que por sua vez auxiliarão a identificação das ninfas, além de propiciar o encontro de caracteres, nas formas imaturas, que sejam relevantes para taxonomia e filogenia do grupo. In contrast to the prevalence and importance of the immature stages of insects, their characteristics remain largely unknown. There are more than 4,100 species of Pentatomidae (Hemiptera, Heteroptera), but only 125 and 98 species had egg and nymphal stages morphology described, respectively. Recognition of Pentatomidae species is based mainly on characters of adults general morphology and genitalia, but also the immature stages have features which allow identification at the family, genus and species level. Chinavia has 32 species registered in Brazil, of which 12 occur in Rio Grande do Sul. Despite the diversity, wide distribution and agricultural importance of the genus, only eight of these species have their immature described. The present study describes the morphology of eggs and five nymphal ínstars of the four remaining species: Chinavia aseada (Rolston, 1983), Chinavia armigera (Stål, 1854), Chinavia brasicola (Rolston, 1983) and Chinavia runaspis (Dallas, 1851), and the biology of the last three species. Descriptions and illustrations were prepared, morphometric data obtained and aspects of biology were investigated. The species share with other species of Chinavia diagnostic features in the generic level. All four species of this study have brown eggs. However, eggs of C. armigera have a bright color, while other species have eggs opaque. The egg shape, the sculpturing of the chorion surface and shape of the aero-micropylar processes are similar to the other species. In the first ínstar, all species have a dorsal spot, whose size and shape may differ among them, as well as the color, ranging from yellow to red In C. runaspis, the dorsal spot which is characteristic of the genus is larger than in other species of Chinavia, which helps to identify the species already in the first instar. From the second ínstar the dorsal abdominal spots appear, whose staining pattern and distribution can help identify the specific level. These spots become larger with the development of the insect. The scutellum is visible in the 3rd ínstar; in the 4th ínstar, the mesothoracic wingpads appear, but these do not cover the metanotum. In the 5th ínstar, the wingpads exceed or at least reach the posterior margin of metanotum, and the nymphs already display sexual differentiation. In this ínstar the diagnostic features become more evident, easing the identification to the specific level. The average development time between egg and adult stages was 44.71 ± 5.59 days. This study aimed to expand the knowledge of Chinavia immature through comparisons with other known congeneric species and provide an identification key for the species registered in Rio Grande do Sul state, as well as help in the search for characters of the immature forms that are relevant for the taxonomy and phylogeny of the group.

Chinavia Orian has 79 nominal species, 32 of them occur in Brazil, and intraspecific chromatic or morphological variations are known for both immatures and adults of some species. Additions to the descriptions of Chinavia difficilis (Stal), Chinavia geniculata (Dallas), and Chinavia obstinata (Stal) are provided in here, and corrections are proposed for the pictorial key by Schwertner & Grazia for the Brazilian species of Chinavia. New distribution records are also given for the first two species.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-12T17:48:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:41:46Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T14:01:02Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T14:01:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-07-01 Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) There are few studies on the morphology and meiosis in the testicles of Heteroptera, but are extremely important, especially for the family Pentatomidae, because in some species in this family meiosis in the testicular lobes results in the production of non-fertile spermatozoa. With the aim of improving the level of understanding of this phenomenon the morphology of the testes and spermatogenesis in 10 species of Pentatomidae were recorded and compared. All of them have testes covered by a pigmented peritoneal sheath. In some species the internal membrane or just inside the peritoneal sheath is pigmented. The pigmentation of both membranes varied. The pigmentation of both was either yellow, or the internal membrane was yellowish and the external one reddish. When the membrane is pigmented, the colour is red or yellow. The number of lobes varied from 3 to 7, with intermediate numbers of 4 and 6. The size and diameter of the lobes are similar in all the species studied, except Proxys albopunculatus, in which the diameter of the third and fifth is smaller than that of the other lobes. The behaviour of the cells during spermatogenesis was the same in all lobes of most species, except in P. albopunctulatus, in which the harlequin lobe is absent and the cells in lobes 4 and 6 exhibited characteristics different from those of cells in lobes 1-3 and 5. Chlorocoris complanatus and Loxa deducta (both Pentatominae) have a harlequin lobe (lobe 5). The chromosome complements recorded were: 2n = 12 (10A + XY) in Dichelops melacanthus and Edessa collaris, 2n = 14 (12A + XY) in C. complanatus, Edessa meditabunda, Ladeaschistus sp., Loxa deducta, P. albopunctulatus, Piezodorus guildinii and Thyanta perditor and 2n = 16 (14A + XY) in Edessa affinis. Thus, this study extends the knowledge of characteristics, such as the pigmentation of the peritoneal sheath, number of testicular lobes, the occurrence of meiotic cells in some testicular lobes, and the chromosome complements of the family Pentatomidae. UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Letras & Ciencias Exatas, Dept Biol, Lab Citogenet & Mol Insetos, São Paulo, Brazil UNESP Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias Letras & Ciencias Exatas, Dept Biol, Lab Citogenet & Mol Insetos, São Paulo, Brazil

Three species in Lelia Walker, 1876 are reviewed. One of them, Lelia concavaemargo, from Guangxi Province in China, is described here as new to science. Genital illustrations and photographs of both dorsal and ventral habitus are given, and a key to this genus is provided. Type specimens are deposited in the Institute of Entomology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.

Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-28T14:10:13Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WOS000281378300002.pdf: 711374 bytes, checksum: eacdbef590eca8723b60683f1145281e (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T18:42:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000281378300002.pdf: 711374 bytes, checksum: eacdbef590eca8723b60683f1145281e (MD5) WOS000281378300002.pdf.txt: 25886 bytes, checksum: 4a73748d315fa50e99962b37eb922a24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-12 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T14:01:14Z No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000281378300002.pdf: 711374 bytes, checksum: eacdbef590eca8723b60683f1145281e (MD5) WOS000281378300002.pdf.txt: 25886 bytes, checksum: 4a73748d315fa50e99962b37eb922a24 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T14:01:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 WOS000281378300002.pdf: 711374 bytes, checksum: eacdbef590eca8723b60683f1145281e (MD5) WOS000281378300002.pdf.txt: 25886 bytes, checksum: 4a73748d315fa50e99962b37eb922a24 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-08-12 Fundação para o Desenvolvimento da UNESP (FUNDUNESP) Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) The objective was to compare the formation of the acrosome in the testicular lobes of the species Antiteuchus tripterus F. and Platycarenus umbractulatus F., belonging to the subfamily Discocephalinae, and Euschistus heros F., Mormidea quinqueluteum L., Oebalus sp. and Thyanta perditor F., belonging to the Pentatominae (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). It was found that, in general, the behavior of periodic acid Schiff-positive granules for all of the species analyzed is similar for these species. In the beginning of spermiogenesis, there is a central granule that migrates to one of the extremities of the spermatid, and later, it becomes elongated and cannot be distinguished in the spermatozoa. Some species such as A. tripterus, E. heros and P. umbractulatus showed significant differences in the behavior of the PAS-positive granule in certain lobes, suggesting the formation of spermatozoa with non-fertile functions. Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias Letras & Ciencias Exatas, Dept Biol,Lab Citogenet & Mol Insetos LACIMI, BR-15054000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Inst Biociencias Letras & Ciencias Exatas, Dept Biol,Lab Citogenet & Mol Insetos LACIMI, BR-15054000 Sao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil

Banasa maculata sp. nov. is described from a Brazilian Atlantic Forest, including immature stages and aspects of its life history. Adults and nymphs were reared in laboratory and fed on fruits of Miconia sellowiana (Melastomataceae). Eggs and first instars of B. maculata are similar to those of other species of Banasa; however, the color pattern of the abdomen distinguishes B. maculata, particularly first, fourth, and fifth instars. Light and dark morphs were observed for third, fourth, and fifth instars. Head-width measurements overlap only between fourth and fifth instars. Eggs of B. maculata, in S.E.M., show a reticulate pattern with deep cells and irregular rims. The most frequent size of an egg clutch was 12. Average duration of the immature stages (egg to adult) was 37.6 ± 13.24 days. The highest mortality occurred in the fifth instar (45.9%). Banasa maculata belongs to the “cuspidata group” of Banasa because of the presence of an apical projection of each posterolateral angle of the pygophore. Adults of B. maculata resemble B. varians Stal; the new species is recognized by the transversal, irregular, broad macula on pronotum; gonocoxites 8 deeply excavated medially; and the male proctiger subtriangular, narrowing toward the apex.

Apesar da monofilia de Pentatomidae ter sido amplamente demonstrada, as relações infrafamiliares precisam ser esclarecidas. Por exemplo, um dos maiores táxons da família, a subfamília Pentatominae, ainda não é reconhecido como um grupo monofilético. Para resolver estes problemas é necessário, além de conhecer a diversidade do grupo, realizar estudos cladísticos nos níveis genéricos e cladísticos. Na presente Tese são descritas cinco novas espécies do gênero Chloropepla (Pentatominae): C. paveli, C. stysi, Chloropepla sp. nov. 1, Chloropepla sp. nov. 2 e Chloropepla sp. nov. 3. As espécies são caracterizadas, principalmente, por atributos da genitália de machos e fêmeas. Uma chave ampliada para a identificação das espécies do gênero é fornecida. A distribuição setentrional do grupo é expandida da Venezuela para a Costa Rica. Uma sinopse de Chloropepla também é apresentada, com uma descrição ampliada do gênero e diagnose das espécies, ambas baseadas em análise de parcimônia das 12 espécies conhecidas. Esta análise cladística confirmou a monofilia do grupo, baseada no peritrema ostiolar longo e evanescente, hypandrium amplo com projeções dorsais atingindo o X segmento, parâmeros cilíndricos, dirigidos dorsalmente, conjuntiva membranosa reduzida, quase que inteiramente obscurecida pela phallotheca. A relação filogenética resultante entre as espécies de Chloropepla foi submetida à BPA com as subregiões e províncias da região Neotropical como terminais. Esta análise demonstrou uma relação próxima entre as áreas amazônicas e indicou uma natureza híbrida da sub-região chaquenha. Finalmente, a relação entre oito gêneros de Pentatominae é investigada: Arvelius, Chlorocoris, Chloropepla, Eludocoris, Fecelia, Loxa, Mayrinia e Rhyncholepta. Duas análises de parcimônia foram realizadas: uma baseada somente em caracteres morfológicos e outra baseada em morfologia e em sequências ribossomais (evidencia total). Um fragmento de rDNA mitocondrial 16S e dois de rDNA nuclear 28S foram sequenciados e analisados utilindo-se o método de optimização direta. As análises apresentaram diferentes relações entre os gêneros. Contudo, algumas relações se mantêm em ambos os cladogramas: Loxa + Mayrinia + Chlorocoris (Monochrocerus), Arvelius + E. humeralis + R. humeralis and Chlorochoris (Chlorocoris) + Fecelia + Chlorochoris (Arawacoris). Os resultados obtidos enfatizam a necessidade de estudos futures sobre o uso de dados moleculares em análises genéricas e específicas em Pentatominae. Além disto, as homologias também precisam ser melhor investigas e testadas, com base em estudos cladísticos, dentro de Pentatomidae, Pentatominae e tribos. The monophyly of Pentatomidae was already highly confirmed. However, the infra-family relationships still need to be clarified. For example, one of the largest taxa of the family, the sub-family Pentatominae is not recognized as a monophyletic group. To solve these problems is necessary to know the diversity of the group as well as to perform cladistics studies at the level of genera and species. In this thesis, five new species of the genus Chloropepla (Pentatominae) are described: C. paveli, C. stysi, Chloropepla sp. nov. 1, Chloropepla sp. nov. 2 and Chloropepla sp. nov. 3. The species are mainly characterized by features of male and female genitalia. An extended key to identification of the species of the genus is provided. The northern distribution of the group is expanded from Venezuela to Costa Rica. A synopsis of Chloropepla is also presented, with an extended description of the genus and diagnosis for the species, both based in a parsimonious analysis of the 12 know species. This cladistics analysis confirmed the monophyly of the group, based on ostiolar ruga long and evanescent, wide hypandrium, with dorsal projections flanking the segment X, parameres cylindrical, dorsally directed, membranous conjunctiva reduced, almost entirely obscured by the phallotheca. The resultant phylogenetic relationship of Chloropepla species were submitted to a BPA with the sub-regions and provinces of Neotropical region as terminals. This analysis showed a near relation among the Amazonian areas and indicated a hybrid nature of the Chacoan subregion. Finally, the relationship of eight Pentatominae genera is investigated: Arvelius, Chlorocoris, Chloropepla, Eludocoris, Fecelia, Loxa, Mayrinia and Rhyncholepta. Two parsimony analyses were performed: one based solely on morphological characters and other based on morphological plus ribosomal DNA sequences (total evidence). One fragment of 16S mitochondrial and two of 28S nuclear rDNA were sequenced and analyzed using the direct optimization method. The results of both analysis differed in the relationships of the genera. However, some relations are recovered in both cladograms: Loxa + Mayrinia + Chlorocoris (Monochrocerus), Arvelius + E. humeralis + R. humeralis and Chlorochoris (Chlorocoris) + Fecelia + Chlorochoris (Arawacoris). The results here obtained emphasize the necessity of further studies on the use of molecular data in analyses on genera and species levels in Pentatominae. Besides, the homologies also need to be better investigated and tested within Pentatomidae, Pentatominae and tribes levels, based on cladistics studies.

Defensive secretions (allomones) from first-instar nymphs of stink bugs in the subfamily Pentatominae contain (E)-4-oxo-2-decenal as a major constituent, whereas this compound is absent from later instars. In contrast, first instars ofEdessa meditabunda (Edessinae) produce allomones like those of later instars. The C6 and C8 (E)-4-oxo-2-alkenals are common, characteristic exocrine compounds of nymphal and adult Heteroptera, but (E)-4-oxo-2-decenal is previously unknown as a major natural product for which a biological role has yet to be established.

The neotropical genus Poriptus Stål, 1861 is revised, based upon morphological characters. Poriptus tobago sp. nov. is described from the Caribbean. Illustrations and a key to species are provided.

Chinavia Orian é um dos gêneros mais diversos da subfamília Pentatominae, distribuído nas regiões Afrotropical, Neártica e Neotropical. Para o Brasil, são conhecidas 32 espécies, dentre as quais 18 são endêmicas. Do total de espécies com registro para o Brasil, 18 têm algum tipo de registro com plantas-hospedeiras, a maioria delas cultivadas; apenas seis espécies têm os imaturos conhecidos ou algum aspecto de sua biologia estudado. Neste trabalho, é fornecida uma chave pictórica para os adultos das espécies registradas no Brasil, acompanhada da diagnose comparada de cada uma delas, além das informações disponíveis na literatura sobre imaturos e biologia das espécies. Duas novas sinonímias são propostas: Acrosternum (Chinavia) bellum Rolston, 1983 é sinônimo júnior de Chinavia nigrodorsata (Breddin, 1903) e Acrosternum (Chinavia) panizzii Frey-da-Silva & Grazia, 2001 é sinônimo júnior de Chinavia obstinata (Stål, 1860). Chinavia nigritarsis (Stål, 1872), anteriormente considerada sinônimo júnior de Chinavia gravis (Walker, 1867), é revalidada. Fotografias coloridas do aspecto dorsal de todas as espécies são fornecidas, a maioria delas confeccionadas a partir do material-tipo estudado. Novos registros de distribuição geográfica e de associação com plantas-hospedeiras no Brasil são apresentados. Chinavia Orian is one of the most speciose Pentatominae genera and is distributed in the Afrotropical, Nearctic and Neotropical regions. In Brazil, 32 species are recordered, from which 18 are endemic; host-plant association from 18 species are known, and immatures or some life history traits for six species were already described. In this work, we provided a diagnosis and discuss data available on immatures and biology of all species of Chinavia found in Brazil, including a pictorial key to adult identification. Two new synonyms are recognized: Acrosternum (Chinavia) bellum Rolston, 1983 is a junior synonym of Chinavia nigrodorsata (Breddin, 1903), and Acrosternum (Chinavia) panizzii Frey-da-Silva & Grazia, 2001 is a junior synonym of Chinavia obstinata (Stål, 1860). Chinavia nigritarsis (Stål, 1872), formerly a synonym of Chinavia gravis (Walker, 1867), is reinstated. Color habitus ilustrations of all species are provided, the majority taken from type-material. New host-plant associations and distribution data to Chinavia species in Brazil are presented.

The Solomonius-group is a well-defined group of genera nested within the pentatomine tribe Halyini. The group contains 31 species, 20 of which are new to science. Species are classified into seven genera: Anchises Stal, Auxentius Horvath, Babylas Horvath, Brizica Walker, Elemana Distant, Epitoxicoris gen. nov., and Solomonius gen. nov. The genus Neoptolemus Horvath syn. nov. is synonymized with Brizica Walker. All species are described or redescribed and illustrated. Identification keys to all genera and species are provided. New species recognized are: Auxentius clandestinus sp. nov., Au. nigriculus sp. nov., Au. quasimodooides sp. nov., Au. vulgaris sp. nov. Au. zephyrius sp. nov., Brizica flyensis sp. nov., Br. sphaeroides sp. nov., Br. tubercularis sp. nov., Br. vandoesburgi sp. nov., Epitoxicoris allisonae sp. nov., Ep. trimaculatus sp. nov., Solomonius browni sp. nov., S. grossi sp. nov., S. laminaphallicus sp. nov., S. lestoni sp. nov., S. malaitaensis sp. nov., S. micrometallicus sp. nov., S. rideri sp. nov., S. schaeferi sp. nov., and S. viatorius sp. nov. Neoptolemus assimilis Horvath syn. nov. is synonymized with Br. proximus (Schouteden). The following new combinations are proposed within the Solomonius-group: Brizica exiguus (Distant) comb. nov., Br. humeralis (Horvath) comb. nov., Br. proximus (Schouteden) comb. nov., Solomonius foetidus (Signoret, 1861) comb. nov., S. ornatula (Distant) comb. nov., and S. viridula (Distant) comb. nov. A lectotype is designated for Solomonius foetidus (Signoret, 1861). One species is transferred out of the Solomonius-group of genera, resulting in a new combination, Baracellus distinctus (Schoutedon) comb. nov.

The Afrotropical genus-group taxa Dymantis Stal, 1861 and Eomyrochea Linnavuori, 1982 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Myrocheini) are confirmed as objective synonyms, both sharing the same type species: Dymantis subvittata Stal, 1861. As a result, Dymantis (= Eomyrochea, syn. confirm.) is downgraded to a subgenus of Myrochea Amyot and Serville, 1843 and a new genus, Neodymantis gen. nov., is established for Dymantis sensu Linnavuori (1982) (type species Halys plana Fabricius, 1803). The following new combinations are proposed: Myrochea (Dymantis) subvittata (Stal, 1861), comb. nov., Neodymantis aias (Linnavuori, 1982), comb. nov., Neodymantis grisea (Jensen-Haarup, 1931), comb. nov., Neodymantis plana (Fabricius, 1803), comb. nov., and Neodymantis relata (Distant, 1898), comb. nov. The known distribution of the species involved is reviewed and the following new records are provided: Neodymantis aias from the Democratic Republic of the Congo, N. plana from Ghana and Togo.

Three new species of the Carpocorini are described: Euschistus (Euschistus) baranowskii Eger & Bianchi sp. nov. from Jamaica, Euschistus (Mitripus) saramagoi Bianchi, Cioato & Grazia sp. nov. from Brazil, and Ladeaschistus borgesi Bianchi, Cioato & Grazia sp. nov. from Argentina, Bolivia and Brazil. Comparative illustrations of external and internal genitalia of the species are provided.

The endemic Madagascan genus Tricompastes Cachan, 1952 (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Triplatygini), containing a single species— Tricompastes gigas Cachan, 1952, is redescribed and illustrated, including first descriptions of male and female genitalia. First exact localities of the species are provided. Lectotype of T. gigas is designated.

Sensory structure on the labial surface of five genera of Pentatomidae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) belonging to two subfamilies i.e. Asopinae and Pentatominae have been studied using Scanning Electron Microscopy. Three representatives of the subfamily Pentatominae (phytophagous)-Dolycoris indicus (Stal), Plautia crossota (Dallas) and Piezodorus hybneri (Gmelin) and two of Asopinae (predatory)-Perillus bioculatus (Fabricius) and Eocanthecona furcellata (Wolff) were studied to morphologically characterize and compare the sensory structures present on the labium. Six types of labial sensilla were found on their labial tip and surface. The labial sensilla identified were sensilla peg (SP), basiconica (SB), campaniformia (SCa), chaetica (SCh), styloconica (SStc) and trichodea (ST). Their possible functions were discussed relating to morphology and location. A new form of sensilla basiconica was also observed in D. indicus. Sensilla styloconica were restricted only to the predatory pentatomid bugs. Cuticular projections (Cpr) on the sensorial region of the studied pentatomids were also observed along with labial cuticular pores.

New records of genera and species of stink bugs (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) from Colombia are provided. Two genera are new records for South America: Alathetus and Schraderiellus. Fifteen genera are new record for Colombia: Agaclitus, Boea, Ceratozygum, Euthyrhynchus, Eritrachys, Doesburguedessa, Lopadusa, Marmessulus, Paralincus, Patanius, Peromatus, Phalaecus, Phoeacia, Rio, and Tyrannocoris. Forty-nine species from five subfamiles are recorded for the first time in Colombia. Asopinae: Coryzorhaphis carneolus Erichson, Coryzorhaphis superba Breddin, Euthyrhynchus floridanus (Linnaeus), Podisus sagitta Fabricius, Stiretrus anchorago (Fabricius), Stiretrus cinctellus Germar, Tylospilus peruvianus Horvath, Tyrannocoris nigriceps Thomas. Cyrtocorinae: Ceratozygum horridum (Germar). Discocephalinae: Agaclitus dromedarius Stal, Antiteuchus melanoleucus (Westwood), Antiteuchus sepulcralis (Fabricius), Dinocoris gibbosus (Fallou), Dinocoris variolosus (Linnaeus), Discocephalessa terminalis (Walker), Dryptocephala crenata Ruckes, Dryptocephala dentifrons (Latreille), Eurystethus ovalis Ruckes, Paralcippus dimidiatus (Ruckes), Alathetus rufitarsus Dallas, Eritrachys bituberculata Ruckes, Paralincus bimaculatus (Ruckes), Schraderiellus cinctus (Ruckes), Xynocoris recavus (Garbelotto & Campos). Edessinae: Brachystethus cribus (Fabricius), Brachystethus tricolor Bolivar, Doesburguedessa elongatispina Fernandes and Lopadusa fuscopunctata (Distant). Pentatominae: Banasa fulgida Thomas, Banasa paraexpallescens Thomas, Dichelops divisus (Walker), Dichelops nigrum Bergroth, Euschistus carbonerus Rolston, Mormidea bovilla (Distant), Mormidea triangularis (Walker), Murgantia bifasciata Herrich-Schaeffer, Murgantia violascens (Westwood), Oebalus pugnax (Fabricius), Oebalus ypsilon-griseus (DeGeer), Odmalea concolor (Walker), Patanius vittatus Rolston, Proxys albopunctulatus (Palisot), Proxys punctulatus (Palisot), Rhyncholepta grandicallosa Bergroth, Rio insularis Ruckes, Roferta marginalis (Herrich-Schaffer), Serdia concolor Ruckes, Sibaria armata (Dallas) and Taurocerus achilles (Stal). These new records for Colombia are importanst for the understanding of the distributional range of the genera and species involved.

Family Pentatomidae is represented by four subfamilies (Asopinae, Pentatominae, Phyllocephalinae and Podopinae) and 86 genera in south India. Pentatominae are the dominant group represented by 29 tribes and 72 genera. An illustrated key including the habitus of majority of genera as well as illustrations of important diagnostic features are given for the subfamilies, tribes and genera occurring in south India. In addition, a key to families of Pentatomoidea and a checklist of species of Pentatomidae occurring in south India are also included.

Regardless of rich biodiversity, cytogenetic reports on Pentatomidae refer to less than 400 species. This paper reports, for the first time, course of meiosis of three species of subfamily Pentatominae viz., Tolumnia antennata Distant, Cahara jugatoria (Lethierry) and Cahara confusa (Distant). Species-specific variations observed with respect to association pattern of X and Y during prophase, arrangement pattern of chromosomes at metaphase I and degree of association between X and Y in the pseudobivalent at metaphase II are explained in the present paper. Tolumnia antennata and Cahara jugatoria possess 2n=14=12A+XY while Cahara confusa possesses 2n=12=10A+XY. At least one ring bivalent is observed during diplotene in all the three species. X and Y dissociate to get well separated at diplotene in Cahara confusa, at diakinesis in Tolumnia antennata and at metaphase I in Cahara jugatoria. In Cahara jugatoria, at metaphase I, X and Y are peripheral forming a part of the ring. In Cahara confusa, at metaphase II, X is peripheral while Y lies in the centre and the two fail to associate to form a pseudobivalent, a phenomenon never recorded earlier in any pentatomid.

A new genus, Pentatomiana, and a new species, P. beckerae, are described, based on specimens from Rio de Janeiro and Santa Catarina States, Brazil. Brachyptery is present in the males of the new species. Pentatomiana gen. nov. is compared with Lojus McDonald, 1982, which also presents brachyptery in one of the species, but in females. Illustrations of male and female external genitalia are provided.Um novo gênero, Pentatomiana, e uma nova espécie, P. beckerae, são descritos, com base em espécimes do Rio de Janeiro e de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Machos da nova espécie apresentam braquipteria. Pentatomiana gen. nov. é comparado com Lojus McDonald, 1982, o qual também apresenta braquipteria em uma das espécies, mas em fêmeas. São fornecidas ilustrações da genitália externa masculina e feminina.

Fernandes, José Antônio M., Grazia, Jocélia (2002): Pedinonotus, a new southern Neotropical genus (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae, Pentatomini). Zootaxa 101: 1-7, DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3522353, {"references":["Dupuis, C. (1970) Heteroptera. In: Tuxen, S.L. (Ed.) Taxonomist's Glossary of Genitalia of Insects. Munksgaard, Copenhagen, pp.190-208.","Fernandes, J.A.M. & Grazia, J. (1996) Revisao do genero Hypatropis Bergroth, 1891 (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). Revista Brasileira de Entomologia, 40(3/4), 341-352.","Fernandes, J.A.M. & Grazia, J. (1998) Amauromelpia, a new northern Neotropical genus (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, (84), 153-160.","Fernandes, J.A.M. & Grazia, J. (1998) Revision of the genus Tibraca Stal, 1860 (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatomini). Revista Brasileira de Zoologia, 15(4), 1049-1060.","Grazia, J. 1998, Fernandes, J.A.M & Schwertner, C.F. (1998) Luridocimex, um novo genero de Pentatomini (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) do Brasil. Iheringia, Serie Zoologia, (84), 161-166.","Grazia, J. 1998, Fernandes, J.A.M & Schwertner, C.F. (1999) Stysiana, a new genus and four new species of Pentatomini (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae) of the Neotropical region. Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae, 63 (1-2), 71-83.","Rolston, L.H. & McDonald, F.J.D. (1984) A conspectus of Pentatomini of the Western Hemisphere. Part 3. (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomological Society, 92 (1), 69-86."]}

On the genus Sciocoris Fallén, 1829, and its euro-mediterranean representatives (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). This paper aims at presenting some new morphological data at generic and subgeneric ranks for the genus Sciocoris Fallén, 1829, a very homogeneous group of about 60 species in the Palaearctics, for which the last synthetic work was written by Wagner (1965). The new data are compatible with the subdivision of this genus in five subgenera accepted since Wagner's work. A number of type-series of euro-mediterranean species are considered, some of these species with comments ; fourteen synonymies are proposed at species rank ; one neotype is described ; several lectotypes are designated., Ce travail présente plusieurs nouvelles données morphologiques aux rangs générique et subgénérique pour le genre Sciocoris Fallén, 1 829, groupe très homogène d'environ 60 espèces dans la région paléarctique, pour lequel le dernier travail de synthèse fut effectué par Wagner, 1965. Les nouveaux éléments sont compatibles avec la subdivision du genre, en 5 sous-genres, acceptée depuis l'article de Wagner. La plupart des syntypes accessibles des espèces euro-méditerranéennes ont été contrôlés, dans certains cas avec des observations sur ceux-ci ou sur les taxa qu'ils représentent. Quatorze synonymies sont proposées au niveau spécifique. Un néotype est créé, et plusieurs lectotypes sont désignés., Péricart Jean. Note sur le genre Sciocoris Fallén, 1829, et ses représentants euro-méditerranéens (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae). In: Bulletin de la Société entomologique de France, volume 107 (4), octobre 2002. pp. 435-448.

Thestral incognitus , new genus and species of Pentatomidae (Pentatominae: Carpocorini) is described from central Chile. The relationships among this new genus and other South American genera are discussed. Also, similarities are noted between Thestral and the Australian genus Poecilotoma . Poecilotoma is tentatively placed in the Carpocorini. A key to aid in the recognition of the genera of Chilean Carpocorini is provided.

The following new synonymies within the family Pentatomidae, subfamily Pentatominae, are established: Aesula Stal, 1876 = Pseudacrosternum Day, 1965, syn. nov. (Nezarini), Aesula viridissima (Signoret, 1861) = Aesula signoretiana Kirkaldy, 1909, syn. nov. = Pseudacrosternum cachani Day, 1965, syn. nov. = Pseudacrosternum cachani var. scutellatum Day, 1965, syn. nov., and Andocides vittaticeps (Stal, 1858) = Andocides vittaticeps var. viridescens Schumacher, 1913, syn. nov. Afrania brachyptera (Schaum, 1853), stat. restit., is restored as the oldest available name for that species, with Afrania wahlbergi Stal, 1854, syn. restit., being its junior synonym. Lectotype of Pentatoma viridissima Signoret, 1861 is designated, and lectotype designation of Pseudolerida incerta (Schouteden, 1909) is commented. The following new or confirmed state records are provided: Cappaeini: Leridella kenyensis Jeannel, 1913 (Cameroon), Paralerida bolivari (Schouteden, 1904) (Republic of the Congo, Uganda), P. niokana Linnavuori, 1982 (Uganda), Tripanda ( Tripanda ) dispar Schouteden, 1964 (Cameroon, Ghana, Liberia), T. ( T. ) horacekorum Kment & Jindra, 2009 (Cameroon, Guinea), T. ( T. ) jurickorum Kment & Jindra, 2009 (Gabon, Ivory Coast), T. ( T. ) longiceps (Villiers, 1967) (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gabon), T. ( T. ) signitenens (Distant, 1898) (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Mozambique), T. ( Tenerva ) decorata (Jensen-Haarup, 1937) (Kenya, Oman, Tanzania); Carpocorini: Andocides vittaticeps (Angola); Diploxyini: Acoloba lanceolata (Fabricius, 1803) (Angola, Central African Republic, Zambia, Zimbabwe); Eysarcorini: Pseudolerida bitalensis Schouteden, 1958 (Cameroon), Pseudolerida incerta (Equatorial Guinea: Bioko Island, Tanzania, Uganda); Myrocheini: Humria bimaculicollis Linnavuori, 1975 (Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea, Kenya, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe); Strachiini: Afrania brachyptera (Schaum, 1853) (Botswana, Democratic Republic of the Congo; Tanzania: Tanganyika, Zanzibar; Uganda). Variability of Tripanda jurickorum , Pseudolerida incerta and Humria bimaculicollis is discussed .

The chorionic structure of sixteen pentatomid species is described. Morphological patterns in different taxonomic levels are discussed. In addition, egg characters useful in cladistic analyses are listed, and some of those characters are tested for congruence with two cladistic analyses previously conducted within Pentatomidae. Descriptive studies were conducted with Banasa induta, Capivaccius bufo, Catulona pensa, Chinavia armigera, Chinavia aseada, Chinavia brasicola, Chinavia runaspis, Dichelops furcatus, Euschistus heros, Euschistus riograndensis, Euschistus paranticus, Mormidea cornicollis, Podisus distinctus, Podisus nigrispinus, Serdia apicicornis, and Thoreyella maracaja. The eggs were examined and photographed under light and scanning electron microscopy. Based on literature data, a list of 40 egg characters with potential phylogenetic importance has been compiled. Some of these characters were included in the cladistic analyses of the genus Nezara (six characters) and of the Chinavia obstinata group (five characters). Both analyses were performed in TNT with equal weighting of characters. The eggs of most of the Neotropical species studied were barrel-shaped, chorion translucent and spinose, with aero-micropylar processes that were short and clubbed. The patterns of egg morphology could be identified in Carpocorini, Procleticini, and in the genera Banasa, Chinavia, Euschistus, Mormidea, and Podisus. In the cladistic analyses, the inclusion of egg characters did not affect the topology of the trees shown in the original papers. For the analyses, the egg characters were somewhat informative. At present, a total of 286 Pentatomidae species have their egg stage described.

The genus Tibraca Stål, 1860 is revised, and some taxonomic changes are introduced. The following species are considered to belong in this genus: Tibraca limbativentris Stål, 1860, T. similima Barber, 1941 and T. exigua sp. n. (from Argentina). Three other species, formerly placed in Tibraca, are considered respectively: T. obscurata Bergroth, 1914, incertae sedis; Mecocephala fusca (Haglund, 1868), comb. n.; Ogmocoris hypomelas (Burmeister, 1835). The genus Ogmocoris Mayr, 1864 is reinstated.

The genus Elsiella Froeschner, 1981 is validated based on the analysis of a recently found male specimen of E. plana (Walker, 1867). A cladistic analysis comprising a data set of 40 morphological characters and 22 taxa, including the genera Elsiella, Serdia Stal, Similliserdia Fortes & Grazia, Neotibilis Grazia & Barcellos, and Tibilis Stal, was performed. Elsiella plana is redescribed and illustrated. Maps are provided for Elsiella and Serdia with biogeographical considerations for Serdia.

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4038/vingnanam.v9i1-2.4076 Ving. Journal of Science 2011 , Vol. 9, No. 1-2, 1-14

A new species of Dichelops (Dichelops) Spinola is described, based upon morphological characters. D. (D.) australis sp. nov. is compared with D. (D.) bicolor Distant, D. (D.) avilapiresi Grazia, and D. (D.) pradoi Grazia. Comparative illustrations of external genitalia are provided. A revised key to separate the species of the subgenus Dichelops is also presented.

Lycipta Stål (1862a) was proposed as a genus to include three species previously placed in Euschistus Dallas – Euschistus illotus Stål, 1860; E. triangulator (Herrich-Schäffer, 1842); and E. scabricornis (Herrich-Schäffer, 1844). Later, Stål (1862b) treated Lycipta as a subgenus of Euschistus and described E. (L.) spurculus. Stål (1872) transferred E. spurculus to Euschistus (Euschistus); treated E. scabricornis as inserti generis (actually Agroecus scabricornis); and added three new species to Euschistus (Lycipta). As a result (Stål 1872), there are five species: E. (L.) cornutus (Dallas, 1851); E. (L.) cribrarius Stål, 1872; E. (L.) illotus; E. (L.) picticornis Stål, 1872; and E. (L.) triangulator. Rolston (1982) added five new species to Lycipta: E. (L.) luridus (Dallas, 1851); E. (L.) circumfusus Berg, 1883; E. (L.) imitator Berg, 1878; E. (L.) machadus Rolston, 1982; and E. (L.) sharpi Bergroth, 1891. Thomas (1983) corrected the homonymy of Euschistus luridus Dallas, 1851, replacing the name of E. (L.) aceratos Berg, 1894. Grazia & Hildebrand (1982) transferred Berecynthus monrosi Pirán, 1963 to Euschistus; Rolston (1984), based on the illustrations of the head and spermatheca of E. monrosi provided by Grazia & Hildebrand (1982), included this species in the subgenus Lycipta. Finally, Grazia & Hildebrand (1983) described E. (Lycipta) longicornis, for a total of 12 species in the subgenus.

The Chilean Pentatominae species are listed and catalogued; a total of 18 species have been accounted. Additionally 3 species present doubtful or incomplete records. Most of the species are endemic to South America; 2 species are considered introduced in Chile, and 6 species are exclusively Chilean.

The tribe Myrocheini is resurrected and redescribed. A new genus, Neodorpius, is described. Laprius Stai and Dorpius Distant are described with special reference to their metathoracic scent gland o...

In addition to the primarily defensive metathoracic glands, adult Pentatomoidea possess a pair of active exocrine glands that open between the III and IV abdominal tergites. In the southern green stink bug,Nezara viridula, and other phytophagous species examined, the glands are small ( 500 μg secretion/individual). Using a GC-MS system, the secretion from both males and females ofN. viridula (Pentatominae) was found to contain (E)-2-hexenal, hexanal, 1-hexanol, andn-tridecane. Females contained about three times moren-tridecane than males. The capacious glands ofPodisus maculiventris (Asopinae) males produce (E)-2-hexenal, benzyl alcohol, α-terpineol, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, andcis-piperitol. The composition of the previously unanalyzed secretions from the adult III-IV dorsal abdominal glands is compared and contrasted to that of secretions from the metathoricic gland, and the role of coexisting exocrine glands in adult Heteroptera is discussed.

Summary A new genus, Cahara, is described, based upon Dalpada brevivitta Walker, as its type species C. brevivitta (Walker) comb. nov., C. confusa (Distant) comb. nov. and C. jugatoria (Lethierry) comb. nov. are redescribed and illustrated. C. murreeana sp. nov., C. montana sp. nov., C. kightleyi sp. nov., C. chaubattia sp. nov., C. bhowaliana sp. nov. and C. metallica sp. nov. are described as new. The genus Cahara occurs in the subhimalayan region of India, Pakistan and Nepal. Its members feed on deciduous trees, apple, walnut, fir, deodar, Bauhinia, etc. Superficially, the species resemble one another, as well as members of Dalpada s. lat. in their coloration and some have been confused with species like Dalpada versicolor in the past, but certain characters, like the shape of the head, the simple second antennal segment and more particularly the male and female genitalia, distinguish the genus Cahara from all others. A key to the species of Cahara is provided.

The classification and status of the two tribes in the Podopinae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera) are confused. This study confirms that the Podopini and Graphosomatini are closer to each other than either is to any other pentatomoid group. The Podopinae itself is most closely related to the Pentatominae, and more distantly related (perhaps) to a group of primitive pentatomoid families which includes the Cydnidae.

(1900). LVII.—Rhynchotal notes.—IV. Heteroptera: Pentatominae (part.) Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Vol. 5, No. 29, pp. 420-435.

Evidence from the morphology of the genitalia, alimentary organs, and immature stages is described to support the inclusion of Natalicolinae in Tessaratomidae. Aurungabada is transferred to the subtribe Eusthenaria, and Janeirona, Pantochlora , and Kahlamba are transferred to Pentatominae. Platytatini is transferred to Sepinini, with a subtribal status. The pentatomid nature of Delocephalus is confirmed.

The normal males of most animals may now and then produce a few sperms that carry an abnormal number of chromosomes. In the great majority of cases these are the result of a mitotic accident that occurred somewhere in the course of development. However, there are some species in which aberrant sperms are not accidental but are produced regularly in a certain region of all testes. Conditions such as these have been encountered in 21 species belonging to the insect Family of Pentatomidae (Heteroptera) and, more specifically, to the Subfamily Pentatominae. In most such species one entire compartment or lobe of every testis produces nothing but sperms with aberrant chromosome numbers. So bizarre are the meiotic deviations through which this is brought about that the testicular compartment in question has been called the "harlequin lobe." All the evidence indicates that such sperms very rarely produce viable offspring and they therefore play at most an indirect role in the hereditary mechanism of the species. Nevertheless they are produced in huge numbers and it is an interesting question how so wasteful a feature could have become establsihed in so many species. The cytological features of the harlequin meiosis have been treated elsewhere (Schrader, 1960) and the present account is primarily concerned with the evolutionary aspects of the harlequin lobe.

(1899). XLIX.—Rhynchotal notes.—III. Heteroptera: Discocephalinae and Pentatominae (part.) Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Vol. 4, No. 24, pp. 421-445.