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Agent technology is a software programs or tool that could be developed and used to facilitate and support the community of practice (CoP) especially the bioinformatics communities who are involved in managing bioinformatics activities such as collective and organized, and shared knowledge in term of best practice and lesson learnt in order to perform their worked for better solutions and competativeness. This paper describes on the theoretical concept and approach of agent technology framework that could be developed in implementing bioinfomatics knowledge management system (BKMS) in order to facilitate knowledge sharing among bioinformatics communities as well as to demonstrates it into the system wise; on how the agent technology could be utilized in the BKMS as a system model for serving the communities that is developed by using groupware such as Lotus Notes software. The achievement in conducting this framework of the BKMS is an added value for the any organization that need to implement the BKMS as a system, which could be helped the CoPs to work together in achieving their aims and mission statements. The emphasis also will be given to the BKMS activities that may concern for agent technology to help the CoPs especially in working collaboratively including critical success factor (CSF) in order to ensure that BKMS initiatives would be delivered competitive advantage for the CoP as well as thier organization.

The acceleration of technological change and trade liberalization in the 1990s have significantly intensified market competition and transformed the world economic infrastructure from a resource- and manufacturing-based economy to one in which knowledge and services are the key drivers of economic growth. In order for an organization to capitalize on its knowledge and truly become a learning organization, it must systematically manage and leverage knowledge existing internally and externally to create and sustain its competitive advantage. Numerous empirical studies on knowledge management have examined the relative effectiveness of various enablers, such as organizational structure, technology, culture, managerial system and strategy for knowledge creation and sharing in organizations. While these studies play a critical role in helping us to appreciate the importance of organizational enablers in knowledge management, they have neglected to examine the possible effects of task complexity and management control system (MCS) on the nature and efficacy of knowledge sharing. Similarly, the role of motivation in the domain of knowledge sharing has been overlooked. This study investigates how task complexity, MCS design and infrastructure influence the mode and effectiveness of knowledge sharing in the accounting profession and the moderating role of an individual's intrinsic motivation on the knowledge sharing process. One thousand (1,000) copIes of structured questionnaires were mailed to the Malaysian Institute of Accountants (MIA)'s members in the Klang Valley in December 2005. Of the 1,000 copies distributed, 120 completed questionnaires were returned to the researcher. After the initial stages of data analysis, follow-up interviews were carried out to obtain further insights to explain the empirical results. This study reveals that task complexity contributes significantly to knowledge sharing. It also highlights that it is not feasible to limit the professional a

The discourse on knowledge management (KM) has emerged relatively recently in the field of management. Organisational and strategic theories have been developed which seek to explain the existence, boundaries, structure, management and competitive advantage of organisations based on knowledge. These theories are consistent with one thread from the overall discourse which argues that the management of knowledge within an organisation is an important activity required for maintaining competitive advantage in a hypercompetitive external environment. Despite the extensive interest in this area, there is sti11limited agreement even about some of its fundamental principles. This plurality of perspectives is due to the diversity of disciplines, theories and objectives with which the area is enriched by both academics and practitioners alike. Many independent KM initiatives have also been proposed for managerial use under the KM umbrella. Such activities include meetings, mentoring schemes, training, job rotation, site visits, conferences and exhibitions, and internal and external collaborations. Many of these initiatives are relatively autonomous and independent concepts. Generally these concepts have been first identified in the practitioner literature and it is unclear where they fit within academic frameworks. In particular, the relationship between KM initiatives and important related academic concepts such as knowledge transfer, organisationalleaming, knowledge creation and innovation is not clear. This lack of agreement, clarity and cohesion in the KM discourse naturally suggests the following research problem: What is the relationship between KM initiatives, organisationalleaming, knowledge transfer, knowledge creation innovation? Taking an organisation and strategic management theory perspective, an exploratory framework for understanding and explaining KM is developed within this thesis. Theoretically, this framework draws together perspectives from the resource-b

Efficiently transferring knowledge has proven to be a difficult challenge as well as to get people to use the knowledge (Seidman and McCauley, 2005). And as a part of ensuring that the knowledge transfer process is effectively conducted, there is a strong needs to measure its effectiveness. Although research in this area has been conducted in many settings, unfortunately less attention has been paid to examine the process in the virtual environment (Sarker, 2003), including the E-Learning. This may be due to the fact that lack of research has been found so far, which addressed a formal or specific guideline (or framework) for measuring the effectiveness of knowledge transfer process in E-Learning. As stated by Tillquist and Rodgers (2002), the existing measures often appear confusing and may not provide a satisfactory description of the process’s effectiveness. Looking at the huge influence that E-Learning brought to Knowledge Transfer Process has motivates the attempt for developing the effectiveness measurement framework for knowledge transfer process in E-Learning environment. This framework is inspired from the E-Faculty, chosen as the case of this research. It is an E-Learning system developed by FSKTM, UPM as complement to the traditional classroom. This attempt however, sets its main concentration on proposing the appropriate measurement attributes for three key factors towards effective knowledge transfer process, which are knowledge to be transferred, knowledge receiver and knowledge transfer medium. This research applied the survey method in order to validate the proposed framework. The data was later analyzed using statistical analysis. Five out of eight developed hypotheses were evidently supported while three others were not supported. Consisting of three key factors to effective knowledge transfer process, this framework also provides the recommended measurement attributes for each key factor.

In July 2004, the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks Upon the United States (9/11 Commission) issued its Final Report. As one of its 41 recommendations, the Commission proposed the creation of a National Counterterrorism Center (NCTC) in an attempt to resolve interagency information sharing challenges. The Director of the NCTC would be appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate, and would report to the Commission's proposed new National Intelligence Director. On December 17, 2004, the President signed into law an Intelligence Reform Bill, which formally established the NCTC. But for the NCTC to achieve a successful interagency information sharing solution, it must first develop a holistic enterprise solution, which creates a synergistic effect between people, processes, and technology. The greatest mistake the United States can make is to allow itself to believe a quick organizational change and a few technical solutions are going to resolve the Interagency Information-Sharing (IIS) conundrum. Instead, a methodical approach must first be taken to obtain clarity regarding the IIS deficiencies that led up to the 9/11 catastrophe, as well as the mission of the new NCTC. Second, Knowledge Management (KM) as a concept needs to be used to achieve ISS success. This includes addressing the challenges of affecting change with the intelligence culture and its people. Third, the construct and processes of KM implementation need to be accelerated by taking the best practices of DoD and tailoring them to the NCTC mission. Fourth, the NCTC needs to implement enterprise resource planning to ensure rapid information exchange with the goal of achieving total knowledge dominance over U.S. adversaries. Finally, all of this must be fused together into a synergistic solution to produce an organization that can successfully bridge the IIS divide and thus prevent "interagency information-sharing" from becoming an oxymoron.

The Ferret workflow anomaly detection system project 2003-2004 has provided validation and anomaly detection in accredited workflows in secure knowledge management systems through the use of continuous, automated audits. A workflow, process, or procedure, is the set of steps that need to be completed to accomplish a goal. Anomaly detection is the determination that a condition departs from the expected. The baseline behavior from which the anomaly is measured is usually derived via statistical sampling or through a reference specification. Ferret uses an accredited workflow specification to determine baseline behavior. An audit is an independent review of records and activities to assess the adequacy of system controls, to ensure compliance with established policies and procedures. Ferret has attempted to address three key security problems in complex secure systems. First, Ferret has placed a single audit event into the larger workflow context in which it occurs, and has tracked the progress of the workflow to completion. Second, Ferret has provided a mid-level security policy language that fills some of the gap between high level, human language oriented and low-level computer oriented policies. Lastly, Ferret has attempted to mitigate the insider threat, that is, activity from authorized users who have abused their legitimate authority, through the corroboration of audit events.

Net-Centric Operations seek to improve military effectiveness among spatially distributed and possibly culturally diverse teams. Key to the net-centric operational concept are agile teams that excel even in the most difficult circumstances. Such teams can self-synchronize, smoothly coordinating to exploit the diverse perspectives and expertise within the team. The members of such teams are on the same wavelength, continually making adjustments to leverage each others abilities and to accommodate each others needs. Recent research on the cognitive foundations of collaboration and teamwork has identified key cognitive enablers to effective teamwork. These cognitive enablers are the knowledge and understandings that team members require to work together successfully. Accordingly, it is very desirable that teams acquire and maintain this knowledge. There are three technical prerequisites to ensure that spatially distributed team members can do this: an architecture that provides reliable communications connectivity among team members; information that supports task performance and team coordination; and a means for team members to evaluate performance and correct problems. This report describes how to create an infrastructure that achieves these technical prerequisites.

The objective of OntoAgents project was to develop concepts and modules that can serve as an ontology-driven 'Food Chain' for Advanced Applications on the Web. A number of tools were developed and made available to the community, primarily through webpages. Issues relating to acceptance, growth, and scalability of the semantic web appear in the conclusion., The original document contains color images. Sponsored in part by Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, Arlington, VA.

Digital content has grown continually over the past years, yet acceptance of a common definition of what is "content management" still generates debates in IS communities. This research will be a qualitative study using a combined approach of historical and context analysis of literary artifacts for drawing inferences to explore the evolutionary changes in content management ideology. Using a seven-step process, a specific structure is designed with a systematic approach to encounter the phenomena being researched and present the evidence of the results. Performing an analysis on the evolution of content management from a historical perspective will benefit researchers and practitioners with foundational knowledge about this progression and provide insights into understanding concepts and strategies within the content management community., The original document contains color images.

The objective of this research project was to gain an understanding of the inhibitors and facilitators to knowledge sharing within a policing environment. Although it did not begin with the intention of applying interverntions of any kind, in the course of the thesis it became clear that a form of action research was being employed. Initially, I presented my research proposal as a hermeneutic examination of the facilitators and inhibitors to knowledge sharing in the Western Australia Police. However, somewhere along my research journey I realised that rather than me simply collecting and analysing data from and about my colleagues, we had all become part of the process of changing, acting and reflecting. This is when my hermeneutic approach crossed paths with action research. Using this dual approach, my research explored knowledge sharing in the Western Australia Police within three separate but Integrated dimensions; historical, current and future.

This is the final report documenting the AFRL/HEC effort entitled Global Air Mobility Advanced Technologies (GAMAT) in its 'Phase II' period. The Phase II effort was undertaken as an extension and expansion of the GAMAT Phase I effort. This demonstration capability was developed under the Air Force Research Laboratory Human Effectiveness Directorate's Global Air Mobility Advanced Technologies (GAMAT) Advanced Technology Development (ATD) research and development program. The goal of the GAMAT ATD was to further the development of a new type of user interface technology called Work-Centered Support System (WCSS) technology. The U.S. Air Force's Air Mobility Command's command and control environment was used as the domain for development, testing and refinement of WCSS theories and technology applications. Work-Centered Support System (WCSS) technology is a new cognitive-science-based analysis and design methodology for developing human-computer interfaces and client applications that enable very high user productivity, especially in dynamic and information dense environments. The WCSS technology is applicable to any domain and leverages cognitive analyses and advanced user interface design techniques to provide 'intuitive' user interfaces and client applications customized based on the work requirements. The analysis and design approach is designed to support rapid user adaptation to both routine and non-routine/unexpected events., Performed in cooperation with Roth Cognitive Engineering, Brookline, MA and Northrop Grumman Information Technology, Fairborn, OH.

The analysis of the dynamics and the state of a wide interdisciplinary field such as library and information science (digital library including) presents various difficulties. It can be conducted from a number of viewpoints: phenomenological or historical, technological or sociological, futuristic or traditional, etc.; each of which is colored by different levels of optimism or pessimism of the respective researcher. Nevertheless, regardless of the scientific approach, the result of any study is usually presented in terms of analytical evaluation. This does not signify that the assessment of the changes is explicit. On the contrary, the evaluation process itself is more or less of an implicit character. In this regard, any serious analysis of the problems at hand should consciously take into account in relation to the current changes and dynamics of the social and technological realm. Shortly after the end of the World War II the library science community began to discuss and ponder the future of the institution of the library in the context of the developments of information technology. A new 'language" saw its dawn: that of information science. In general the term "information" is widely used in a range of fields without being strictly defined. This peculiar situation is probably due to the lack of a general consensus of what the notion of information signifies and what the subject of study of such an interdisciplinary area as information science is., See also ADM001735, RTO-EN-IMC-002, Electronic Information Management., The original document contains color images.

This document presents the Department of Defense (DoD) strategy to reconcile advanced logistics concepts in support of distributed adaptive operations and DoD transformation, as required by the FY06 Strategic Planning Guidance. The strategy was prepared for the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisition, Technology, and Logistics) by the Logistics Transformation Roadmap Steering Group, under the direction of the Joint Logistics Board. The strategy includes a comprehensive process to reconcile Focused Logistics, Force-centric Logistics Enterprise, and Sense and Respond Logistics. The strategy also encompasses other transformational operations, intelligence, and logistics concepts to provide a more comprehensive approach to achieve Joint Focused Logistics capabilities. An aggressive experimentation campaign and rapidly developed operational prototypes are included to test, refine, validate, integrate, and socialize transformational logistics technology and concepts. These efforts will enable DoD to better manage logistics developments and to integrate and coordinate with developing concepts for military operations. This strategy supports the detailed Focused Logistics Roadmap to be published in 2005, which will include specific programs, milestones, and resources to achieve Focused Logistics capabilities., The original document contains color images.

Intelligence, Surveillance, Target Acquisition and Reconnaissance (ISTAR) is an evolving information operations (IO) concept in the Canadian Land Force. ISTAR provides the commander with a system to collect and process required information for producing intelligence on the threat and knowledge on the environment during operations, as well as the knowledge needed to identify, acquire, and engage targets. The various processes used to collect and analyze the information are the result of numerous individual systems, some of which have only been recently introduced in the field, while many others are still in development as a result of advances in the information age. This compendium of systems makes ISTAR a "System of Systems," as opposed to a single system. This paper presents the new Canadian Information-Centric Workspace concept that provides a more coherent information management approach to better support the Commander in both its tactical intelligence and operations activities at brigade level. The info-centric workspace concept aims at offering a seamless collaborative environment enabling the ISTAR staff to perform their tasks using different applications/services through a standardized Human Computer Interface (HCI). Twenty-one briefing charts summarize the presentation. (7 figures, 25 refs.), See also ADM001673. Published in RTO-MP-IST-040. Presented at the Information Systems Technology Panel (IST) symposium on "Military Data and Information Fusion (La fusion des informations et de donnes militaires)" held in Prague, Czech Republic, on 20-22 Oct 2003. Prepared in collaboration with DMR Consulting, Sainte-Foy, Quebec, Canada. The original document contains color images.

This presentation will demonstrate how Navy officers/operators may be supported in the creation, handling and use of doctrines in a Combat Direction System. Ergonomically designed user interfaces for a doctrine editor as well as a doctrine database will be shown. A possible interface for the use of doctrines for testing and evaluating a mission database is demonstrated. Presentation issues for the various numerous planning items and system variables as well as their coactions that are important for visualization by the user in order to fulfill his task/mission will be subject for discussion., See also ADM001665. Published in RTO-MP-105. Presented at RTO IST Workshop on Massive Military Data Fusion and Visualization: Users Talk with Developers, held in Halden, Norway on 10-13 Sep 2002. The original document contains color images. Contains viewgraphs.

In the past ten years, military operations, as now evident in Iraq, involve both joint- allied and coalition forces. The evolving joint- and coalition-warfare environment presents coordination challenges. Collaborative tools can ease the difficulties in meeting these challenges by enabling highly interactive work to be performed by individuals not necessarily geographically co-located. Collaborative tools will revolutionize the manner in which distributed warfighters interact and inform each other of the mission- planning progress and situation assessment. These systems allow warfighters to integrate tactical information with key combat-support logistics data in both joint- and coalition-warfare environments. Countless collaboration tools and knowledge management systems exist today. Unfortunately, industry has developed these tools and systems for use primarily in exclusive communities of interests, services or agencies. The end result is a proliferation of tools that have not been designed to operate under all network conditions. Since network conditions are not standardized in the joint- and coalition-warfare environment, it is necessary to determine if a collaborative tool can perform under limited-bandwidth and latency conditions. Currently, there are neither evaluation criteria nor methodologies for evaluating collaborative tools with respect to performance reliability. This thesis proposes a test methodology for evaluation of performance reliability of collaborative tools, and demonstrates the effectiveness of the methodology with a case study of the performance evaluation of the InfoWorkSpace collaborative tool., The original document contains color images.

The Air Force Research Laboratory (AFRL) Secure Knowledge Management (SKM) Program was established to provide revolutionary and visionary technologies for secure knowledge discovery, acquisition, creation, representation, integration, management, and use for enhanced decision support. The SKM effort, which is a collaboration with academia and industry, has four main components: 1) basic university research; 2) development of the aerospace knowledge repository (AKR) knowledge-based decision support system prototype; 3) application of the AKR prototype to Air Force capability planning; and 4) this SKM Technology Research Roadmap. The SKM Technology Research Roadmap provides information on the current state, trends, gaps, land research challenges associated with SKM technology research. It also presents an SKM short-term (2004 - 2005), mid-term (2006 - 2007), and long-term (2008 and beyond) strategy for basic research and technology development., The original document contains color images. Prepared in cooperation with Wright State Univ, Fairborn, OH.

Pairwise similarity judgement correlations between humans and Latent Semantic Analysis (LSA) were explored on a set of 50 news documents. LSA is a modern and commonly used technique for automatic determination of document similarity. LSA users must choose local and global weighting schemes, the number of factors to be retained, stop word lists and whether to background. Global weighting schemes had more effect than local weighting schemes. Use of a stop word list almost always improved performance. Introduction of a background set of similar documents increased larger correlations and reduced smaller ones The correlations ranged between approximately 0 and 0.6 depending on the LSA settings indicating the importance of correct settings The low maximum correlation indicates that information presentation schemes based on LSA may often be at variance with visualisations based on human decisions even using the best settings for a data set., The original document contains color images.

Multinational Experiment 3 was the third event in a series of United States Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM) multinational experiments. Multinational Experiment 3 was a process-refinement experiment whose goal was to build on the lessons learned from Multinational Limited Objective Experiments I and II, and to continue exploring concepts and supporting tools for effects-based planning. Results will assist the development of future processes, organizations, and technologies at the operational and joint task force level of command. Additionally, Multinational Experiment 3 provided the participating nations an opportunity to examine issues associated with operational net assessment, Coalition Interagency Coordination Group, coalition intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance, multinational information sharing, logistics, coalition based health services support, information operations, and knowledge management. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) also examined concepts associated with their NATO Response Force. This paper will highlight the experiment background, design, objectives, assessment concept, analysis construct, analysis organization, and some of the key analytical findings and lessons learned from the experiment.

Searching for and retrieving information from multiple, legacy data sources has become a critical need in areas such as counterterrorism data mining, all-source analysis, and law enforcement. Critical data is often scattered across conventional databases, web pages, XML (extensible markup language) repositories, and free text and multimedia data stores employing multiple schemas or even schema-less formats. The Extensible Probabilistic Repository Technology, XPRT, enables users and applications to search for and retrieve information from multiple, heterogeneous, legacy data sources. XPRT's mediators automatically translate information from source legacy formats into one or more federated schemas that mirror various application domains. XPRT's publish/subscribe service allows users to instantiate queries and have results asynchronously returned to them as soon as they become available in legacy sources., The original document contains color images. Sponsored in part by DARPA.

This report describes the research accomplishments of the Intelligent Information Systems Institute (IISI) at Cornell during the first three years of operation. IISI's mandate is threefold: To perform and stimulate research in computational and data-intensive methods for intelligent decision making systems; to foster collaborations between Cornell researchers, AFRL, in particular IF, and the scientific community; and to play a leadership role in the research and dissemination of the core areas of the institute. IISI's research spans across various areas and disciplines, organized into four themes: Theme 1 - Information Capture and Discovery from heterogeneous information sources; Theme 2 - Controlling Computational Cost; Theme 3 - Pervasive computing: autonomous distributed agents and communication networks; and Theme 4 - Advanced Computing Architectures. In its first three years of existence 1151 has successfully fostered collaborations between Cornell's researchers, AFRL/IF researchers, and the research community at large in the area of computing and information science. AFRL researchers have an active interaction with Cornell researchers and participate in Cornell research projects, facilitating technology transfer from academia into the military arena. Cornell researchers on the other hand have had the opportunity to be exposed to interesting Air Force related problems.

The Air Force (AF) needs an evolving software tool for guiding decision makers through the complexities of software outsourcing. Previous research identified specific outsourcing strategies and linked them to goals and consequences through a variety of relationship rules. These strategies and relationship rules were inserted into a decision support tool. Since that time, more historical data and outsourcing literature has been collected thus necessitating an update to such a tool. As the number of software outsourcing projects are completed, the AF must capture the outsourcing decision experiences which guided the projects and their outcomes. In order to efficiently incorporate this new experience, the decision tool must be redesigned to allow the additional knowledge to be added in such a way that the decision rule base is automatically updated. With this new feature, the tool would increase its precision of predicting software outsourcing success as the software outsourcing knowledge evolves. Capturing software outsourcing as knowledge instead of raw information will help guide decision makers down paths proven to succeed staying clear of risks that historically plagued software outsourcing projects of the past. Software outsourcing decision makers desire not only a characterization of past experiences and predictions of future outcomes, but also reasons to help them make informed decisions., The original document contains color images.

ELECTRONIC FILE CHARACTERISTICS: 61 files; HyperText Markup Language (.HTML) and Adobe Acrobat (.PDF). PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION: 1 CD-ROM; 4 3/4 in.; 9.43 MB. SYSTEMS DETAIL NOTE: ABSTRACT: The Final Proceedings for International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction in Aeronautics (HCI-Aero 2004), 29 September-1 October 2004 This is an interdisciplinary conference that will bring together researchers and practitioners with an interest in human factors methods, techniques, tools, and technology for constructing, evaluating, maintaining and using modern aviation systems that include cockpits and air traffic management, both in civil and military applications., Presented at the International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction in Aeronautics (HCI-Aero 2004) held in Toulouse, France on 29 Sep-1 Oct 2005.

The United States Navy is committed to implementing and using unmanned vehicles (UVs). Battlegroups have deployed and will continue to deploy with UVs because of their potential effectiveness. However, current UV doctrine does not set forth a standardized set of techniques and procedures for UV information exchange during maritime missions. The focus of this study is to analyze the structure of information flow for unmanned systems and suggest an exchange architecture to successfully inform and build decision maker understanding based on data from UVs in support of these missions. Through analysis of the knowledge-information-data (KID) model, and definition of high level functions and tasks created from fleet input, this thesis develops an IDEF0 and PERT representation. It outlines tasks and roles for successfully accomplishing information exchange from UV payload sensors to tactical decision makers. The study concludes with suggested measures of effectiveness and performance to determine the strength and validity of the architecture., The original document contains color images.

As the AF continues to lose its knowledge base through retirements and downsizing, the need to get maximum use from the remaining knowledge base becomes increasingly important. In their efforts to help the Department of Defense and the Air Force Chief Information Officer (AFCIO) meet their knowledge management goals, Air Force Material Command (AFMC) has been working to implement the use of communities of practice. A primary goal of AFMC/DRW , the AF Knowledge Now program office, and the office of the AFCIO is to increase effectiveness and participation within communities of practice. The goal of this research is to identify factors from the literature that may affect knowledge transfer, information sharing, and technology acceptance, and compare those factors with AFKN hosted communities of practice (CoPs) exhibiting high and low levels of participation. Additionally, factors of interest identified in interviews with AFKN personnel will be researched. This research used a cross-sectional research instrument to survey CoP members within all AFKN hosted CoPs containing 20 or more members. This research suggests there are differences in the way members within high and low use CoPs perceive these factors: trust, willingness to share information, job fit, outcome expectations, social factors, facilitating conditions, anonymity, security constraints, knowledge champion, facilitator. The results of these findings may allow AFKN to focus on these factors when the goal is to improve participation in future CoPs., The original document contains color images.

This paper examines the Information Technology challenges that face strategic leaders of the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) as the United States transitions into the 21st Century. Author assumes that Information Technology is the enabler to providing the Department of Homeland Security a high fidelity effective and operational infrastructure and is critical to the overall success of the Global War on Terrorism. The author reviews and discusses options for maintaining an effective infrastructure of Information Technology that protects the vital interests of the U.S. homeland. Author argues that by having positive control of the five (5) challenging areas of cultural change systems integration knowledge management decision-making and telecommunications DHS can successfully maintain an efficient and effective organization that will provide a protective wall between terrorist activities and the homeland of the United States.

This US Joint Forces Command (USJFCOM) Joint Warfighting Center (JWFC) pamphlet Operational Implications of the Collaborative Information Environment (CIE) is the fifth pamphlet of a "Joint Doctrine Series" intended to facilitate understanding of key concepts that emerge from the Joint Concept Development and Experimentation Program and related joint doctrine development initiatives. JWFC Doctrine Pamphlet 5 is designed to give readers a basic knowledge of the value of collaboration capabilities how they might be implemented in the near future and possible operational implications. Collaboration capabilities can affect all aspects of joint operations. Although these capabilities can improve efficiency and common understanding during routine peacetime interaction among participants their potential value is most evident during time-compressed operations associated with combat and intense non-combat operations. These capabilities are important to Department of Defense efforts to transform the way we plan and execute joint operations. To accomplish this transformational task we must improve collaboration among combatant commands Services agencies and multinational partners. An environment of collaboration can enable and integrate such a cooperative effort among these organizations and help the joint force achieve decision superiority., The original document contains color images. See also ADA423983, ADA423985, ADA423986, ADA423987.

Report developed under STTR contract for topic AF03T011 of STTR Program Solicitation FY 2003. Current knowledge-based intelligence systems do not perform well with streaming media because of performance shortcomings and an inability to work in storage constrained environment. The purpose of this research was to demonstrate that Centering Resonance Analysis (CRA) provides a superior approach to performing text mining under storage constraints. CRA is a radically different approach to modeling text compared to traditional word frequency-based approach. The project demonstrated that a CRA-based approach is superior to a word frequency approaches: up to 15 times better in identifying relevant documents, and up to 5 times greater precision in topic tracking experiments. A CRA data structure requires one-third the space required for raw compressed text, and can execute on a typical desktop computer. Future R&D efforts will focus on commercializing a product with applications to government and commercial business processes., Prepared in cooperation with Arizona State Univ., Tempe, AZ.

The book has 15 chapters. Chapter 1 introduces personalization and seeks not only to dispel the misunderstandings about what it can do, but also to highlight the opportunities it can bring across a wide range of services, but also highlights the need for privacy controls and the platform intelligence required to deliver real benefit to the user. Chapter 2 provides an overview of the location and positioning systems that are enabling location-based services to be delivered now and into the future. The scenario of safety and security is explored in greater detail in Chapter 3. The impact and importance of standards in the mobile arena is outlined in Chapter 4. Returning to usage of personal information, including location in a user profile, chapter 5 discusses the major industry technologies - W3C P3P, Microsoft Net, and the Liberty Alliance. The topic of user profiles is extended in Chapter 6, where service personalization is discussed in the context of mobility. Chapter 7 examines the techniques that form the armoury of the knowledge management tool-kit. Chapter 8 addresses this subject and explains the options available to determine key characteristics of the connecting client. The display of content is extended within Chapter 9, which looks at European and Far Eastern languages and their machine-based translation. The topic of content creation and its formatting is tackled in Chapter 10. Using distributed profile information for on-line advertising is the subject presented in the first of these two chapters, Chapter 11. Chapter 12 describes the implementation of a workflow and collaboration middleware platform named Pl@za, which demonstrates this ability. Chapter 13 covers the integration of location information to deliver business advantage and tackles corporate applications as these have proved to be the most significant business cases for deployment. The use of intelligent agents deployed in a location-based support system for a closed user group is the topic o

This thesis focuses on what I have called truth management. First it traces how modernist and postmodern theorists play their versions of what counts as true. A key critique I stage of modernist theorising is that it privileges decontextualised ways of knowing and silences agency. Drawn from postmodern concerns and my critique of 'normal science', two maps of 'thinking tools' (Bourdieu 1992) are proposed as the basis of my theorising of how truth is managed in organisations. The first map aims to position contextualism within the empirical gaze. It is made up of three contingencies - discourses, time and space. The second map of thinking tools aims to bring agency back into view. It is made up of four contingencies - identity, capital, practices and power. Each of the seven contingencies is used to frame the story of an inter-organisational partnership between an Australian university and a financial institution in part two of the thesis. The story traces their engagement in a negotiated postgraduate degree program - the Work-Based Learning (WBL) program from 1996-2003. In this way, I aim to demonstrate the power of everyday decision making in determining what counts as true. The management of truth is seen to be dynamic, multiple and contingent rather than causal, singular and able to be plotted on a linear trajectory.

This thesis focuses on what I have called truth management. First it traces how modernist and postmodern theorists play their versions of what counts as true. A key critique I stage of modernist theorising is that it privileges decontextualised ways of knowing and silences agency. Drawn from postmodern concerns and my critique of 'normal science', two maps of 'thinking tools' (Bourdieu 1992) are proposed as the basis of my theorising of how truth is managed in organisations. The first map aims to position contextualism within the empirical gaze. It is made up of three contingencies - discourses, time and space. The second map of thinking tools aims to bring agency back into view. It is made up of four contingencies - identity, capital, practices and power. Each of the seven contingencies is used to frame the story of an inter-organisational partnership between an Australian university and a financial institution in part two of the thesis. The story traces their engagement in a negotiated postgraduate degree program - the Work-Based Learning (WBL) program from 1996-2003. In this way, I aim to demonstrate the power of everyday decision making in determining what counts as true. The management of truth is seen to be dynamic, multiple and contingent rather than causal, singular and able to be plotted on a linear trajectory.

The knowledge, skills and experience possessed by employees, customers, suppliers and other stakeholders are major components of an organization's Intellectual Capital, the effective management of which has been found to be critical for business success. In order to manage knowledge at an organizational level however, it is necessary to be able to define it in the context of the organization, measure its existence and, more importantly, assess how its creation, use, dissemination, evaluation and management impacts business performance and learning. Whilst the term "Knowledge Management" has evolved since the early nineties into a generally recognisable management discipline in its own right, significant literature over the past eight years has focussed on the management of knowledge as a more generic organizational competence making Knowledge Management Initiatives difficult to identify and define and even more difficult to evaluate. Despite the challenges, the subjects of knowledge management and intellectual capital are gaining strategic management exposure particularly in relation to how investment in, and outputs from, these initiatives can or should be evaluated. Knowledge management and intellectual capital are inextricably related, and whilst some previous research has gone into evaluating knowledge as an extension or derivative of information and into intellectual capital as a discrete item on the balance sheet, little has been done to analyse the development of models that attempt to evaluate the impact of knowledge management as an organizational process or capability. A comprehensive meta-analysis by literature review of international articles dealing with knowledge management and intellectual capital evaluation from a broad range of business and scientific journals was undertaken to identify precisely what has been measured by public and private sector organizations within the Knowledge Management, Intellectual Capital and other closely related domains b

Fleet Battle Experiment Juliet (FBE-J) is the tenth FBE to be conducted since 1997. The two major areas of experimentation for FBE-J were Sea-based Joint Forces Maritime Command and Control (JFMCC), and Assured Access. FBE-J was an opportunity to experiment with JFMCC across all maritime warfare areas in a difficult littoral environment. The experiments were conducted from 24 July to 15 August 2002 in the U.S. western sea and land ranges. FBE-J used a mix of live and simulated activities to examine operational and tactical warfighting issues in a real environment. There were periods during the experiment when FBE-J operated independent of the joint environment. At such times, Navy simulation provided Red-Force activities. At the service level, simulation was used to examine systems that did not yet exist, to fill out orders of battle, and to determine effects due to force numbers. Specific FBE-J activities were as follows: refine the roles, functions, and planning process for the Joint Force Maritime Component Commander; refine C4ISR and support for a sea-based Joint Force Commander; develop innovative solutions to the seams between forward-based forces and rear-echelon forces through innovative networking; provide field-tested Naval Fires Network TACMEMO for fleet use; refine the concepts of employment for distributed, networked, manned, and unmanned platforms, and remote sensors, for anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface warfare, and mine warfare; examine multi-mission pull and joint C2 of Navy Theater Ballistic Missile Defense capable units; examine coordination from theater ASW commander to local ASW commander in integrating unmanned sensors and platforms with manned sensors and platforms; examine joint tactical packages to counter a swarming small boat threat; refine concepts of employment for organic and dedicated mine warfare forces in assured access mission; and integrate kinetic and non-kinetic engagement options to develop computer network defense CONOP7, Prepared in collaboration with Boeing Corporation. The original document contains color images. All DTIC reproductions will be in black and white.

The U.S. Joint Forces Command (JFCOM) has been charged to lead the transformation of the U.S. Armed Forces through development and experimentation of new command and control concepts. In particular, the Knowledge-C2 Working Group of the Concepts Division has focused on four related concepts: Adaptive Joint Command and Control (AJC2), Common Relevant Operational Picture (CROP) and the Collaborative Information Environment (CIE), Joint Interactive Planning (JIP), and Multinational Operations (MNOPS). This paper discusses these Knowledge-C2 concepts and related experiments in the U.S. JFCOM experimental campaign. It then reports on the Unified Vision 2001 Experiment (UV01) results showing how the HEAT metrics were used to develop analyses baselines and quantitative results. Finally, it discusses the future of the experimental campaign and events. (22 briefing charts), See also ADM001657. Paper presented at the RTO SAS Symposium on "Analysis of the Military Effectiveness of Future C2 Concepts and Systems," held at NC3A, The Hague, The Netherlands, on 23-25 Apr 2002. Published in report number RTO-MP-117. The original document contains color images.

With the rapid evolution of Web-based technologies, keeping up with the latest trends is a complicated process. The newest Web Service is the development of Web Portals. Portals allow the design of Web Services in such a way as to allow users to define their own needs and create a home of their own within a site. As users become more proficient, knowledgeable, and demanding, this technology will expand due to the demand of its users. As with all new technology, it includes significant benefits and pitfalls. Determining where to best use Web Services and Portals is important. The plethora of tools being promoted for the development of portals is significant, and choosing the right tool to accomplish the task while ensuring compatibility is critical. Already, considerable work has been accomplished by Task Force Web (TF Web) and the Fleet Numerical Meteorology and Oceanography Center (FNMOC). An important factor in the decision process is in meeting the demands of an ever-increasing technology literate environment. Reaching the goal of a fully connected Navy will require significant expenditure of money and manpower, but will reap large benefits from the long-term value of improved training and access to knowledge. This research focuses on the design and evaluation of Web Services and Web Portals. Following an introductory chapter, Chapter II provides information on Web site design, SIGGRAPH Online, SCORM, Mailing Lists, Hypermail Archives, Web Logging, DHTML, and several key standards. Chapter III defines and describes Web Services and Web Portals, how they differ, and the advantages of each. Chapter IV reviews open source Web Portal design software, specifically Apache Jetspeed, Plone, and uPortal. Chapter V looks at three organizations that are exploring the use of Web Portals. Chapter VI evaluates three Portals (Undersea Warfare (USW), FNMOC, and NPS's Dudley Knox Library), and Chapter VII provides recommendations for future work. (2 tables, 62 figures, 73 ref7, The original document contains color images.

This volume contains the Technical Evaluation Report, the Keynote Addresses and 20 papers, presented at the Information Systems Technology Panel Symposium held in Bonn, Germany, 23-24 September 2002. The papers presented covered the following headings: * Software Process * Strategies and Approaches * Software and System Architectures * Components and User Interfaces * Techniques Lifecycle Issues, Also See ADM001492 , The original document contains color images.

Traditional methods of instruction limit a person's ability to gain required knowledge, yet many advanced technologies are not used. The potential is unlimited when digitally videotaping a course. Streamlining video over the Internet (wireless or hardwire), Digital Versatile Disc (DVD), Video Home System (VHS), and other modes of multi-media delivery, many of which are accomplished with little or no coordination, may be the wave of future. The technology and flexibility provided by digitizing a course may be extremely beneficial and cost effective. In addition, if educators use methods of network, customer relations, and knowledge management to implement and to maintain processes, operations tend to run smoothly from start to finish. Essentially, digitally videotaping a course makes it possible to disseminate lessons to facilities by accessing the Internet, and providing that data to organizations with computer hardware and software, or simply store that data for future use. Adopting this method enables the product to be created efficiently and expeditiously. Whether at a university, a government installation, a civilian organization, or on a ship, by employing the hardware and software to show digitized video, educators can disseminate courses to enhance the learning process in a timely and fairly inexpensive manner., The original document contains color images.

As the Department of Defense (DoD) begins transitioning to face the new global threats of terrorism, the new requirements of a refocused National Strategy will inherently force the DoD to transform its processes in support of the new National Strategy. In the next few years the technology used to support the DoD will continue to grow with the new demands thus, the DoD will have achieve transformation at all levels enterprise-wide. "Transformation" or radical change has been occurring successfully in the corporate business world for over 25 years and through this transformation the e-business technology has created an exponential growth in the knowledge producing information exchange systems. As the DoD looks to the e-business world for methodologies and solutions to capture this knowledge and manage it, it must also look for a surrogate definition of value or revenue that can be used as a measurement of return on the knowledge. This thesis will seek to define this value by presenting the e-business methodologies called Return on Knowledge (ROK), Knowledge Value Analysis (KVA) and Business Process Reengineering (BPR) by developing a web-enabled environment called the Transformation Information Technology Enabler (TITE) as a DoD transformation solution., The original document contains color images.

Final Summary Report, Reconstruction and Analysis Report and Appendices of data collection, analysis and results from Fleet Battle Experiment Juliet (conducted July and August 2002).

The Commander in Chief 21st Century (CINC 21) is an Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD) that was designed to improve command and control and decision- making through network-centric, knowledge-enabled staff functions. CINC 21's goal is to improve command and control of forces by exploiting advanced visualization techniques and decision support systems (e.g., presentations, cueing, triggers, alerts), collaboration capabilities, and knowledge and enterprise management technologies. CINC 21 used information technology to reduce dependence on centralized, single-crisis command centers in favor of decentralized, rapidly configured coalition and interagency enclaves. To evaluate the technologies developed as part of the CINC 21 ACTD, a Joint Military Utility Assessment (JMUA) was planned and executed. The purpose of the JMUA was to determine how well the CINC 21 products met warfighter requirements., The original document contains color images.