Search

Cet article propose une réflexion sur les questions d’équité et de cohésion sociale à travers l'exemple de l’intégration des étudiants chinois à l’université de Lyon. Confrontés à des codes culturels et linguistiques très différents, les étudiants chinois et les enseignants français semblent se retrouver dans un contexte de déstabilisation réciproque donnant lieu à des stratégies d’ordre divers et à des interprétations erronées susceptibles de confirmer des stéréotypes existants et d'en créer de nouveaux. Ceci peut provoquer un choc culturel pouvant même conduire à un refus de recevoir des étudiants chinois en formation. Cette question, tout à fait d'actualité, montre des difficultés à garantir l’équité et la cohésion sociale dans l'enseignement supérieur. L’objectif de cette réflexion est de contribuer à une meilleure compréhension de cette problématique par l’analyse de plusieurs situations empiriques. Nous postulons qu’une sensibilisation des enseignants universitaires aux questions d’interculturalité peut s’avérer utile à leurs pratiques professionnelles puisqu'elle permettrait de favoriser l’intégration des étudiants chinois en France., This article puts forward a study about the issues of social cohesion and equity through the example of the Chinese students' integration in the University of Lyon. Exposed to very different cultural and linguistic codes, both French teachers and Chinese students seem to be faced with a mutual destabilization which leads to different types of strategies and misinterpretations likely to confirm existing stereotypes and create new ones. This can cause a cultural shock which can even lead to a refusal of receiving Chinese students. This question, very relevant today, shows the difficulties to guarantee the equity and social cohesion in higher education. The aim of this reflection is to contribute to a better comprehension of this issue by the analysis of several empirical situations. We postulate that raising the awareness of university teachers regarding intercultural matters can be useful for their professional practice since it could enhance the integration of the Chinese students in France.

Dissertação de mestrado em Comunicação Educacional Multimédia apresentada à Universidade Aberta É imperativo a redução do desfasamento entre a actual sociedade de informação e comunicação e as suas ferramentas tecnológicas amplamente disseminadas e a escola, onde ainda predominam as metodologias tradicionais e magistrais. A escola tem se apropriar das ferramentas tecnológicas ao dispor da sociedade, obrigando a uma revisão das estratégias, metodologias e actividades, inerentes ao modo como os professores ensinam e os alunos aprendem, adaptando-as à linguagem dos meios. Esta revisão passa pela adopção de metodologias mais activas, de orientação construtivista, possibilitando uma maior autonomia e criatividade do aluno, sob orientação do professor. Nesta sociedade de carácter tecnológico e globalizante, o conhecimento do mundo que nos rodeia é cada vez mais imprescindível. O raciocínio espacial é um aspecto fundamental na formação de cidadãos competentes e interessados, aspecto transversal a todo o currículo do 3º ciclo do ensino básico. Os sistemas de informação geográfica (SIG) são uma ferramenta tecnológica de grande valor para o ensino da geografia e para a aquisição da literacia geográfica. Com o aparecimento dos websig (sistemas de informação geográfica disponibilizados na internet), várias condicionantes de utilização dos SIG foram removidas. Apesar das suas características, propícias à sua integração no ensino, esta integração tarda em chegar. O objectivo deste trabalho, baseado num estudo de caso, é perceber se, para além da sua gratuitidade e do fácil acesso e utilização, (i) os websig são uma ferramenta tecnológica adequada ao ensino da geografia, (ii) se a formação e a informação são duas componentes essenciais para a apropriação, pelos professores, destas ferramentas, (iii) como deve ser realizada a formação de uma forma eficaz, adequada e intencional, visando a utilização lectiva dos websig e (iv) quais as principais condicionantes desta utilização. It is imperative to cutback the gap between today's information and communication society, with its widespread technological tools and school, still dominated by traditional methodologies and masterful. The school must became ownership of the technological tools available to the public, which will require a review of strategies, methodologies and activities inherent to the way that teachers teach and students learn, adapting them to the media language. This review goes by the adoption of more active methodologies, constructivist orientation, allowing a greater autonomy and creativity of the student, under the guidance of the teacher. In this technological and globalizing society, knowledge of the world around us is increasingly essential. Spatial thinking is a fundamental aspect in the training for competent and interested citizens, look across the entire curriculum of the third cycle of basic education. The geographic information systems (GIS) are a tool of great value to geography teaching and geographic literacy acquisition. With the advent of webgis (geographic information systems available on the Internet), several conditions for the use of GIS have been removed. Despite its features, conducive to their integration in teaching, it takes long in coming. The aim of this work, based on a case study, is to realize, in addition to being free of charge and easy to access and use, (i) if the webgis are a tool suited to the teaching of geography, (ii) if the training and information are two essential components for their ownership by teachers, (iii) how the training should be performed to be effective, appropriate and intentional, aimed to the scholar use of webgis and (iv) the main conditions of their use.

The aim of the paper is to investigate the integration strategies (vertical, horizontal and conglomerate) undertaken by foreign logistics multinational enterprises (MNE) in Italy, and analyze the related motivations. The empirical analysis consists of descriptive statistics, which makes use of the LogINT database, monitoring inward logistics foreign direct investments (FDI) in Italy in 2000–2008, and of additional information on the foreign logistics MNE’s integration strategies. It results that inward logistics FDI are mainly horizontal, that is they operate in the same parent company’s sub-industry, and are mainly driven by market power’ and economies of scale’ increase. Vertical integrations, which are in a logistics sub-industry differing from the MNE’s one, are driven by competitive considerations, by the need to reach economies of scope and reduce transaction costs. The conglomerate integrations, which are mainly undertaken by financial and real estate investors and manufacturing firms, are motivated by the need to achieve economies of scale and reduce transaction costs. The empirical analysis has showed that the motivations driving inward FDI are often multiple and differ according to the peculiarities of the sub-industry.

In this paper the problems of finding error estimates of quadrature formulas are discussed. A method proposed by K.Plukas was tested. One of the most important tests was the one determining the error estimates that are too optimistic. The results have shown that there are 1/8 of such error estimates and that there is no visible pattern when they occur. The second very important test was the one that shows how many iterations are needed to get the estimate of integral. After comparing the results to the ones produced by method of T.O.Espelid it was obvious that method of K.Plukas produced results even when method of T.O.Espelid was not able to. Comparison of these results have also shown that method of K.Plukas is not always as effective as method of T.O.Coteda, i.e. in many cases method of K.Plukas produced the result after more iterations than method of T.O.Coteda.

O presente artigo constitui uma síntese de resultados de uma pesquisa desenvolvida no ano lectivo de 1991/92 no âmbito do Seminário de Sociologia Urbana do lSCTE. Essa investigação incidiu sobre uma categoria social presente há menos de 20 anos na sociedade portuguesa, que evidencia a diversos níveis traços específicos e distintivos - os comerciantes "indianos". Em causa esteve a compreensão das estratégias de integração (entendidas em sentido global, por um lado, e circunscritas ao domínio profissional, por outro) e o papel das redes comunitárias formais e informais nesse processo. This article is a synthesis of research conducted during 1991-92 in the Seminal of Urban Sociology. The research focuses on the Indian shopkeeper, a social category with specific traits, evident in Portuguese society in the last twenty years. The aim of this article is to understand the strategies of integration (in global terms and within the professional domain) and the role of formal and informal community networks in that process. Le présent article présente une synthèse des résultats d"une recherche menée au cours de l"année académique 1991-92 dans le cadre du séminaire de sociologie urbain. Cette recherche a pour objet une catégorie sociale, présente dans la société portugaise depuis plus de vingt ans, caractérisée par divers traits distinctifs: les commerçants indiens. Il s"agissait de comprendre les stratégies d"intégration (au sens large du terme, d"une part, et concernant en particulier le domaine du professionnel, d"autre part), ainsi que de saisir l"importance, dans le processus d"intégration, des réseaux communautaires formels et informels. El presente artículo constituye una síntesis de los resultados de una investigación desarrollada en el año lectivo de 1991/1992 en el ámbito del Seminario de Sociología Urbana del ISCTE. Esta investigación incidió sobre una categoría social presente en la sociedad portuguesa hace menos de 20 años, que evidencia a diversos niveles, trazos específicos y distintivos - los comerciantes «indios». En causa estuvo la comprensión de las estrategias de integración (entendidas en sentido global, por un lado, y circunscritas al dominio profesional, por otro lado) y el papel de las redes comunitarias formales e informales en este proceso.

City Logistics generally addresses inbound movements, from regions outside the city to the zone under City Logistics control. Integrating outbound and intra-city traffic may contribute to make freight transportation more efficient and less intrusive on mobility, the environment, and general quality-of-life conditions in the city. It may also raise significant managerial and methodological challenges, which increase with the degree of integration of fleets and operations. We describe and analyze a number of representative service-integration scenarios, discuss operational and managerial issues, examine corresponding methodological challenges, and identify associated research avenues.