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The newly released durum wheat cultivar Bani Suef 8 was selected from the advanced lines among CTMMYT collections grown in Shandaweel Agricultural Research Station, Wheat Research Department, Field Crops Research Institute, Agricultural Research Center, Egypt, during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016 growing seasons. Then, it was evaluated in 24 yield trials (one screening yield trial, seven preliminary yield trials, sixteen advanced yield trials) started in 2016/2017 through 2018/2019 growing seasons. These yield trials were conducted in Middle and Upper Egypt either in old or new lands. Results proved the superiority and grain yield stability of the new durum wheat cultivar Bani Suef 8, since it out yielded the commercial durum wheat cultivars Bani Suef l, Bani Suef 5, Bani Suef 7, Sohag 4 and Sohag 5. Also, the new cultivar Bani Suef 8 possesses good resistance degrees against wheat yellow, leaf and stem rusts and powdery mildew, and stable grain yield under different agro-climatic zones of Egypt. The new cultivar is recommended to be cultivated in Middle and Upper Egypt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposed a feasible route for effectively inhibiting degradation of chitin by introducing a novel low-viscosity gluconic acid-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs) aqueous solution. Under the optimal extraction conditions, a high-quality chitin with molecular weight of 3.75 × 105 Da, purity of 94.5 % and yield of 79.1 % was obtained from crab shell. The maximum yield and molecular weight of chitin extracted by DESs were 1.37 times and 3.02 times higher than traditional acid/alkali method, respectively. DESs showed satisfactory recycling performance and the chitin purity could still reach 82.6 % after reusing DESs four times. Mechanism analysis confirmed that introduction of amino acids enhanced the interactions in the DESs system. The main reason for inhibiting degradation of chitin was that the reagents mainly acted on calcium carbonate and protein, without appreciable effect on the structure of chitin. This study provided a green and effective utilization strategy for crustacean waste based on multifunctional DESs systems. [Display omitted] • Deep eutectic solvents with low viscosity and high solubility of chitin were used. • Chitin degradation was effectively inhibited during extraction from crab shell. • The maximum chitin yield was 1.37 times higher than traditional acid-base method. • Molecular weight of chitin was 3.02 times higher than traditional acid-base method. • Chitin purity could still reach 82.6 % after four cycles of deep eutectic solvents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite excellent optoelectronic properties of CsPbBr3, high yield production of CsPbBr3 and stability in ambient condition are key challenges requiring significant attention. Herein, synthesis of stable CsPbBr3 crystals is demonstrated with high yield possibility in ambient condition. Incorporation of Mn dopant into CsPbBr3 crystal are also demonstrated and effect of doping on structural, optical, and optoelectronic properties are investigated. The addition of Mn dopant (0.3–1.7 At.%) resulted in reduction of size from ~ 8 to ~ 4.5 µm along with increased band gap from ~ 2.25 to 2.31 eV. The addition of Mn dopant also results blue shift in Raman peaks and photoluminescence peak in comparison to undoped CsPbBr3 crystals. The undoped and Mn-doped both CsPbBr3 crystals have shown stable structural, morphological and optical properties for more than a year under ambient condition storage. Mn-doped CsPbBr3 crystals renders better stability of electrical and optoelectrical properties when stored in ambient conditions for a year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cellulose nanofibers as one of the promising cellulose‐based nanomaterials have received increasing attention on account of its excellent properties and wide application prospect. Owing to the robust structure of cellulose with strong hydrogen bonds, achieving the uniform cellulose nanofibers from cellulose sources under mild conditions remains challenging. Here we developed an efficient strategy to acquire cellulose nanofibers with high yield using low concentration of organic acid. Electron microscopic characterization showed that the uniform cellulose nanofibers with an average diameter of 27±8 nm was prepared through only 5 wt% triflic anhydride hydrolysis followed by high‐pressure homogenization. And the yield of cellulose nanofibers reached up to 81%. Moreover, the triflic anhydride acted in synergy to break the glycosidic bonds in amorphous region and change the hydrogen bonding network of cellulose. Cellulose nanofibers displayed the high crystallinity index of 84% and good thermal stability with the Tmax of 331 °C. Our strategy offers an eco‐friendly and sustainable approach for the high‐yield preparation of cellulose nanofibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Assessment of economic traits of germplasms, which are associated with genetic variation, is vital for mung improvement. Therefore, by wielding the randomized complete block design with 3 replications, a probe analysis using multiple trait stability indexing and analysis of variance with Duncan's test at p ≤ 0.05 is performed to compare the means of yield attributes. Moreover, simultaneous application of GA3 and NAA (50 mg/L each) was carried out at 30 DAS and at mid-flowering. Pondering not only factorial analysis but also correlation and path studies revealed that flower shedding before and 12 h after spraying is nearly detrimental to yield. In addition, yield/plant was positively (p < 0.001, r = 0.67-0.96) correlated with the harvesting index and test weight. 'Pratigya', demonstrating heightened sensitivity to environmental cues-unveils increased sensitivity-while 'VC3960A-88' flourished with hormone-boosted pod formation. 'VC6368(46-40-3)' packed 11 pods/cluster, and 'CN95' thrived, excelling in abundant grains as well as clusters. Notably, 'VC6370-A' topped yielder, whereas CN95 augmented an efficient harvest index of 0.48. Moreover, path analysis revealed that all postfertility traits are inherently associated with yield. By employing 17 % selection intensity, the MTSI unequivocally ascertained that not only 'VC6370A' but also 'CN95' are the ideal stable and prime performing genotypes for yield(3.04-2.8 tons/ha) as well as interactive traits, a marker for simultaneous selection, as well as improvement. The MTSI view of strengths and weaknesses harbingers that breeders need to focus on increasing the number of genotypes with the desired phenotypes-lower flower abscission, greater grain dimensions and pod setting, harvesting indices, and yields/ha., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (© 2024 The Authors.)

l-Valine, an essential amino acid, serves as a valuable compound in various industries. However, engineering strains with both high yield and purity are yet to be delivered for microbial l-valine production. We engineered a Corynebacterium glutamicum strain capable of highly efficient production of l-valine. We initially introduced an acetohydroxy acid synthase mutant from an industrial l-valine producer and optimized a cofactor-balanced pathway, followed by the activation of the nonphosphoenolpyruvate-dependent carbohydrate phosphotransferase system and the introduction of an exogenous Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Subsequently, we weakened anaplerotic pathways, and attenuated the tricarboxylic acid cycle via start codon substitution in icd , encoding isocitrate dehydrogenase. Finally, to balance bacterial growth and l-valine production, an l-valine biosensor-dependent genetic circuit was established to dynamically repress citrate synthase expression. The engineered strain Val19 produced 103 g/L of l-valine with a high yield of 0.35 g/g glucose and a productivity of 2.67 g/L/h. This represents the highest reported l-valine production in C. glutamicum via direct fermentation and exhibits potential for its industrial-scale production, leveraging the advantages of C. glutamicum over other microbes.

Abstract Background Balancing the yield, quality and resistance to disease is a daunting challenge in crop breeding due to the negative relationship among these traits. Large-scale genomic landscape analysis of germplasm resources is considered to be an efficient approach to dissect the genetic basis of the complex traits. Central China is one of the main regions where the japonica rice is produced. However, dozens of high-yield rice varieties in this region still exist with low quality or susceptibility to blast disease, severely limiting their application in rice production. Results Here, we re-sequence 200 japonica rice varieties grown in central China over the past 30 years and analyze the genetic structure of these cultivars using 2.4 million polymorphic SNP markers. Genome-wide association mapping and selection scans indicate that strong selection for high-yield and taste quality associated with low-amylose content may have led to the loss of resistance to the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. By extensive bioinformatic analyses of yield components, resistance to rice blast, and taste quality, we identify several superior alleles for these traits in the population. Based on this information, we successfully introduce excellent taste quality and blast-resistant alleles into the background of two high-yield cultivars and develop two elite lines, XY99 and JXY1, with excellent taste, high yield, and broad-spectrum of blast resistance. Conclusions This is the first large-scale genomic landscape analysis of japonica rice varieties grown in central China and we demonstrate a balancing of multiple agronomic traits by genomic-based strategy.

Understanding the yield potential and yield-determining factors of recent high-yielding cultivars is essential for further increasing rice yield. In this study, a cross-locational field experiment was conducted across 3 years using ‘Hokuriku 193ʹ (H193), a high-yielding cultivar, at four sites including one in Nagano Prefecture, which is the highest-yielding region in Japan. The highest mean yields of 3 years, 1214 g m−2 for brown rice grains and 1586 g m−2 for rough grains, were recorded at the Nagano site. The yields from the 17 environments were strongly correlated with spikelet number per square meter while percentage of filled grain was relatively stable, suggesting that sink capacity is the primary determining factor for grain yield of H193. The climatic factors for high spikelet number at the Nagano site can be explained by the high cumulative radiation before heading associated with longer duration until heading by low night temperature. In addition, a large increase in shoot dry weight during grain filling (ΔW) and high radiation use efficiency (ΔW/rad) at the Nagano site could satisfy large source demand by the large sink size. The high ΔW/rad at the Nagano site associated with low night temperature. This study demonstrated high yield potential of H193 and revealed an environment that achieves extra-high yields in H193, which provided insight to attain further increase in rice yield.

Abstract A good method of synthesizing Ti3C2Tx (MXene) is critical for ensuring its success in practical applications, e.g., electromagnetic interference shielding, electrochemical energy storage, catalysis, sensors, and biomedicine. The main concerns focus on the moderation of the approach, yield, and product quality. Herein, a modified approach, organic solvent-assisted intercalation and collection, was developed to prepare Ti3C2Tx flakes. The new approach simultaneously solves all the concerns, featuring a low requirement for facility (centrifugation speed

Vaccination is an efficient approach to preventing influenza virus infections. Recently, we developed influenza A and B virus vaccine backbones that increased the yield of several vaccine viruses in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) and African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells. These vaccine backbones also increased viral replication in embryonated chicken eggs, which are the most frequently used platform for influenza vaccine manufacturing. In this study, to further increase the viral titers in embryonated chicken eggs, we introduced random mutations into the ‘internal genes’ (i.e., all influenza viral genes except those encoding the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins) of the influenza A virus high-yield virus backbone we developed previously. The randomly mutated viruses were sequentially passaged in embryonated chicken eggs to select variants with increased replicative ability. We identified a candidate that conferred higher influenza virus growth than the high-yield parental virus backbone. Although the observed increases in virus growth may be considered small, they are highly relevant for vaccine manufacturers.

High yielding synthesis of hollow carbon cubes (HCCs) was realized by using easily available NaCl cubes as templates in a simple way. The cubic carbon shells featuring an average side length of 3.5 μm, a thickness of 22.9 nm and the presence of macro and mesopores in the material, endow the HCCs/paraffin composites with an appropriate balance between good impedance matching and strong loss capacity. Superior electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorption performance was obtained at a very low loading ratio of 1.5 wt% of the HCCs. The composite having 4.5 mm thickness gave the maximum reflection loss of −46.0 dB at 7.8 GHz. At a thickness of 2.6 mm, a maximum effective absorption bandwidth of 6.6 GHz was achieved. Further investigation on the EMW dissipation mechanism of HCCs surrounding polarization relaxation and conductive loss was conducted. The integrity of the hollow structure plays a dominant role during EMW dissipation. The present study provides easy processing, cost-effective and environment-friendly HCCs as a predominant candidate for ultralight carbon-based EMW absorbing materials. [Display omitted] • High-yielding synthesis of hollow carbon cubes using NaCl cubes as template. • Superior microwave absorption performance at a low loading ratio of 1.5 wt %. • Dipole polarization observed by measuring temperature dependence of ε′ and tanδ. • Hollow structure effect on the performance studied by damage treatment of HCCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of blended controlled-release urea (CRU) with normal urea has appeared to effectively improve grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency in summer maize systems. Nevertheless, the environmental impacts based on a life cycle assessment (LCA) and the ecosystem economic benefits with different maize varieties and ratios of CRU and urea remain unclear. In our study, a consecutive two-year field experiment was designed in the North China Plain (NCP) using two nitrogen (N) rates (0 and 180 kg N ha−1), four N resources (urea-N, CRU-N:urea-N = 1:2, CRU-N:urea-N = 2:1 and CRU-N), and two maize varieties (ZD958 and YH988) in 2019 and 2020. The results showed that a once-off application of basal fertilizer in N180C2 (CRU-N:urea-N = 2:1) and N180C1 (CRU-N:urea-N = 1:2) achieved high grain yields in ZD958 and YH988 (11.0–13.5 Mg ha−1 and 11.3–13.2 Mg ha−1), respectively. Compared to treatment N180U, treatment N180C2 reduced reactive N losses through N leaching (−34.6%), ammonia volatilization (−17.1%), and nitrous oxide emissions (−42.0%) in variety ZD958, whereas treatment N180C1 reduced reactive N losses through N leaching (−20.3%), ammonia volatilization (−13.2%), and nitrous oxide emission (−24.2%) in variety YH988. The N180C2 and N180C1 treatments achieved the lowest C footprint (267.4 and 267.9 kg CO2 eq Mg−1) for ZD958 and YH988, respectively. Furthermore, N180C2 and N180C1 achieved the highest ecosystem economic benefits for ZD958 and YH988 of 831 and 1101 $ ha−1, respectively. In summary, the application of the mixture of controlled release urea and standard urea at appropriate N rates not only achieved a high grain yield but also enhanced the ecological economic benefits while mitigating the negative environmental impacts. To sum up, using the correct CRU-N management practices coordinated with suitable genetic varieties is an effective way of achieving sustainable and environmentally friendly maize production in a high-yielding summer maize system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lentil is a rich source of dietary proteins used worldwide and especially in Asian countries. The objective of the study was to develop and identify high-yielding, disease resistant and drought tolerant genotypes from available germplasm and international nurseries of lentil. The hybridization of (01503 × NL-2002) charted by the bulked pedigree method of selection. The newly developed line LPP 12161 was tested in a series of trials on multi-locations carried out in central Punjab at the farm area of Pulses Research Institute, Faisalabad, and NIAB. During Screening Nurseries Trials, this line produced 41.13% and 63.41% higher yields than the standard checks. Similarly, in yield trials, this line achieved 2925 kg ha-1 yield. This line was characterized by maximum yield potential along with better morphological characteristics that led to the adoption of this genotype with the other commercial cultivars. It is moderately resistant to rust, botrytis grey mold and resistant to collar rot and fusarium wilt diseases. It possesses excellent agronomic characteristics; better adoption and disease resistance attributes make it suitable for production throughout Pakistan. It stood the second position in National Uniform Yield Trials (NUYT) at a country level and secured the first position at Punjab in yield-related trials. Therefore, this line was approved as a variety and named Punjab Masoor-2020 used for commercial cultivation all over Punjab. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrogen (N) supply and seed rate (SR) are two essential factors that affect the accumulation and partitioning of N and dry matter (DM) and, therefore, grain yield (GY) and N use efficiency (NUE). The objective of this experiment was to optimize N application and SR to regulate wheat growth and increase both GY and NUE. The results revealed that net photosynthetic rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (Gs), chlorophyll content, and activities of metabolic enzymes (NR and GS) significantly increased with increasing of N levels while decreasing SR. Plant tillers, GY, DM before anthesis, and N translocation, N agronomic efficiency (NAE), N recovery efficiency (NRE), and N uptake efficiency (NUPE) were highest in a combined treatment of N235 and SR180. However, N levels beyond 235 kg ha−1 significantly decreased NAE, NRE, and NUPE. By increasing SR from 135 to 180 kg ha−1 an increase of 12.9 % and 9.1% GY and NUPE, respectively, was observed. Based on this result, we estimate that 1 kg N ha−1 might be replaced by an increase of approximately 0.6 kg ha−1 SR. Our study suggested that using a combination of N and SR (N235 + SR180) could attain maximum GY and improve NUE parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, the characteristics of plant population exhibiting both high yield and centralized boll-setting under the planting pattern of direct seeding of cotton after barley harvest in the Yangtze River basin are unclear. In this study, the cotton plant architecture was investigated from 2014 to 2015 with three varieties, which were directly sown after barley harvest and showed high yield and centralized boll-setting. The plant characteristics promoting both centralized boll-setting and high yield were identified. The results show that when the pure nitrogen amount was 150 kg hm−2, the seed cotton yield of Guoxin 12–1 was the highest. In 2015, the cotton plant with the SRF (pure nitrogen 150 kg hm−2) applied at a ratio of 100% at the seedling stage and 0 at the flowering stage showed the highest seed cotton yield. A significant positive correlation between the seed cotton yield and the ratios of boll setting from August 15 to August 30 to total bolls (RBT) was found (r2014 = 0.948**, r2015 = 0.976**). The plant architecture indexes of different cotton populations were analyzed and the relationships between those indexes and the yield and RBT were simulated using different equations with fitting coefficients above 0.85. In production, these findings can provide guidance for cotton growth management in order to achieve a higher yield and centralized boll-setting for directly sown cotton planted after harvesting barley. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanism of H 2 O 2 production over P-doped carbon nitride was firstly revealed based on the melon crystal structure of carbon nitride. [Display omitted] Melon-based carbon nitride (CN) is a semiconductor photocatalyst with a conduction band position suitable for photocatalytic H 2 O 2 production. However, the thermodynamic inability to adsorb O 2 molecules greatly limits its photocatalytic efficiency for H 2 O 2 production. In this paper, P-doped CN with good performance for H 2 O 2 production was synthesized by a simple one-step calcination method. The experimental results show that when the doping amount of P is about 9.0 wt% of CN, the yield of H 2 O 2 can reach 12990 μM/h/g, which is about 6.6 times as that of pure CN. The mechanism of H 2 O 2 production over P-CN was firstly revealed by using the density functional theory calculations based on the melon crystal structure of carbon nitride. The results show that P-doping is easier to the strong thermodynamic adsorption of O 2 on CN, which is more beneficial to the formation of intermediate products. Further experimental results show that the substitution of C in CN by P-doping suppresses the electron and hole recombination, and therefore promoting the photocatalytic performance of P-doped CN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silver nanowires (AgNWs) with ultrahigh purity and high yield were successfully synthesized by employing a modified facile polyol method using PVP as a capping and stabilizing agent. The reaction was carried out at a moderate temperature of 160 °C under mild stirring for about 3 h. The prepared AgNWs exhibited parallel alignment on a large scale and were characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and PL spectroscopy. The luminescent AgNWs exhibited red emission, which was accredited to deep holes. The SEM results confirmed the formation of AgNWs of 3.3 to 4.7 µm in length with an average diameter of about 86 nm, that is, the aspect ratio values of the AgNWs exceeded 45. An ink consisting of hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and AgNWs was transferred to polyethylene terephthalate (PET) films by simple mechanical pressing. The PET films retained transparency and flexibility after the ink coating. The maximum transmittance value of as-prepared PET films in the visible region was estimated to be about 92.5% with a sheet resistance value of ca. 20 Ω/sq. This makes the films a potential substitute to commonly used expensive indium tin oxide (ITO) in the field of flexible optoelectronics.

Development of hybrids in sunflower are increasing recently since, the hybrids are highly self-fertile, stable, high yielding and more uniformity under different climatic conditions. Sunflower hybrid COH 3 (CSFH 12205) have been released during 2018 which is suitable for Tamil Nadu with the duration of 90-95 days. COH 3 hybrid was tested in Station Trials, Multi-Location Trial, AICRP Trials, Adaptive Research Trial and On Farm Trials. It performed well both under rainfed and irrigated conditions. Sunflower COH 3 recorded an average yield of 2214 kg/ha which is 20.5 per cent over Sunbred 275 and hybrid having the yield potential of 2384 kg/ha during Kharif season and 2043 kg/ha during Rabi. COH 3 hybrid possessing high oil content around 42 per cent as compared to check hybrids viz.,Sunbred 275 (38%) and Hybrid CO 2 (39 %) and high volume weight of 47 g/100ml. This hybrid recorded the highest oil yield of 716 kg/ha which is 26.7 and 20.1 per cent over Sunbred 275 (565 kg/ha) and CO 2 Hybrid (596 kg/ha), respectively. Non-lodging hybrid COH 3 having moderate resistance to necrosis, leaf spot and powdery mildew diseases.

[Objectives] This study was conducted to select small seedless watermelon varieties with excellent quality and high yield suitable for planting in Beijing. [Methods] Under the conditions of facility cultivation in Beijing, a screening test was conducted on seven small seedless watermelon varieties for growth process, field traits, yield traits, fruit quality, and disease resistance. [Results] Varieties Mitong, Motong and Tianbao Xiaowuzi had a short growth period and relatively stable growth, and bore fruit easily, and their female flowers were closely spaced. Their yields exceeded 60 000 kg/hm2, ranking in the top three among all varieties. The fruit had a thin skin, a bright red flesh color, and a high mass fraction of soluble solids in the center. The flesh was tight or crispy, and tasted good. They also showed good disease resistance. Overall, they showed excellent comprehensive agronomic traits, and are thus suitable for facility cultivation in Beijing and its surrounding areas. [Conclusions] This study provides a theoretical basis for the upgrading of varieties and the increase in production and farmers' income in the suburbs of Beijing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Freeze-sonication delamination method exfoliates high crystalline-quality MXene. • Ultrasound and ionic intercalation induce a significant volume expansion of MXene. • The exfoliation yield of high crystalline-quality MXene is significantly increased. • MXene nanosheets are protected from damage by ice. MXene has attracted broad attention for its unique physicochemical properties and has flourished in many research areas. Since MXene obtained by high crystalline-quality MAX phase has excellent stability and properties, the etching of high crystalline-quality MAX phase and delamination into monolayer will become an inevitable trend. However, the delamination of the high crystalline-quality MXene is significantly more challenging than conventional MXene because of the more vital van der Waals forces of the more regular interlayer structure. Here, we propose a freeze-sonication delamination (FSD) strategy that can solve the difficult problem of efficiently exfoliation of high crystalline-quality MXene. The principle is to utilize the synergistic effect of ultrasound and ionic intercalation to allow a large number of water molecules to penetrate into the interlayer, which results in volume expansion, and then ultrasound to obtain monolayer MXene in a frozen state. This method not only increases the yield of high crystalline-quality monolayer MXene but also prevents the size reduction and the nanosheet destruction. The yield of monolayer MXene reached 74.2 % with a concentration of 19.8 mg/mL after six FSD cycles (the time of ultrasound treatment is 5 min after per freeze). Meanwhile, under the protection of ice, the obtained monolayer MXene has a larger size with more complete nanosheets than ultrasound-delaminated MXene. Supercapacitors made of high crystalline-quality MXene exhibits excellent gravimetric capacitance of 261.1 F/g and satisfactory cycling stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cotton is a major cash crop globally, playing a pivotal role in the textile sector. However, cotton growers in Xinjiang region are experiencing cotton yield penalty caused by limited heat environment. In this region, limited heat conditions strongly arrest cotton plant growth and development resulting in recued productivity. To counteract this problem, there is an urgent need to robustly identify efficient management strategies to improve plant performance and increase cotton yield under heat-limited situations. This will hold crucial implications for agricultural sustainability and global cotton supply. This review article identified challenges faced by cotton producers under heat limited environments with potential solutions to enhance cotton productivity. Specifically, we focused on the implementation of two life history strategies including planting early maturing and cold tolerant cultivars, and adjusting sowing date that can promote early maturity and increase cold stress tolerance. These strategies have shown promising results in protecting cotton plants from limited heat injury and consequently improved cotton productivity. By focusing on Xinjiang province unique climate and associated agronomic practices, valuable insights can be gained, which may have broader applications in other heat-limited cotton-growing regions globally. This comprehensive review endeavors to provide a foundation for future research and practical interventions aimed at boosting cotton yields under limited heat areas. [Display omitted] • In Xinjiang region, limited heat environments arrest cotton plant growth and yield loss. • Two life history strategies of cotton were proposed to overcome heat limitation in Xinjiang. • Advantages and disadvantages of heat resources were summarized in Xinjiang. • Early maturity cotton varieties and their cultivation measures were reviewed. • Biological, and physio-chemical options are listed to combat cold damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transforming the bulk of tungsten disulfide (WS 2) into one-dimensional (1D) nanoscrolls has potential applications in a variety of fields. The current methods for fabricating (1D) WS 2 nanoscrolls suffer from low yields, high temperatures, a complicated fabrication process, and the use of surfactants. We have reported a facile and cost-effective approach for fabricating WS 2 nanoscrolls in high yield using ultrasound probe sonication (20 KHz) from bulk WS 2 in dimethylformamide (DMF) in two hours. Importantly, this simple method achieves a 90 % WS 2 nanoscroll yield. This depends on critical experimental parameters such as the choice of solvent, the initial concentration of WS 2 , and the sonication time. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) measurements confirm that the nanoscrolls have a closely uniform shape, with an interlayer spacing of ∼ 0.62 nm between adjacent layers of WS 2 nanoscrolls. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) reveals that the nanoscrolls have a length of approximately 650 nm and a height profile of 5–10 nm, indicating their formation from multiple layers of WS 2. We further investigate the fabricated nanoscrolls using other techniques such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new process to synthesize Calgary framework 20 (CALF-20), a zinc-based metal-organic framework (MOF), in a H 2 O/methanol solution was developed, exhibiting a high CO 2 adsorption capacity. Generally, CALF-20 was synthesized by a solvothermal method, requiring the consumption of considerable thermal energy. On the other hand, the proposed synthetic process required only 6 min to crystallize CALF-20 in a H 2 O/methanol mixed solution at room temperature (298 K) and normal pressure (101.3 kPa). In addition, CALF-20 was obtained in 93.3 % yield using zinc and oxalate sources under an aging time of 120 min. As-synthesized CALF-20 exhibited a Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area of 520 m2 g−1, a micropore volume of 0.19 cm3 g−1, a CO 2 uptake of 3.84 mmol g−1 at 298 K, and a P CO 2 of 100 kPa; these values were similar to those obtained for CALF-20 synthesized by the solvothermal method using high thermal energy. Furthermore, CALF-20 was crystallized without washing using H 2 O. The key factor for the crystallization of the CALF-20 structure in this process was the deprotonation of 1,2,4-triazole, which was caused by the acetate anion derived from zinc acetate as the starting metal source. [Display omitted] • Calgary framework 20 (CALF-20) was successfully synthesized in methanol aqueous solution under room temperature and normal pressure. • The fabrication of CALF-20 structure started after 6 min from the beginning of aging process. • Acetic ion derived from zinc acetate played a role in the deprotonation of 1,2,4-triazole. • CALF-20 structure was fabricated without activation process with solvents. • The micropores for gas adsorption were produced due to the Zn-oxalate-1,2,4-triazole three-dimensional networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Petroleum residues are produced as by-products of petroleum refining. Recently, various effective non-fuel uses of petroleum residues have been considered toward a carbon-neutral society. Pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) is one of the petroleum residues. Advanced utilization of PFO for future non-combustion applications is required. In this study, Mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers (MPCF) were successfully produced from PFO. Spinnable mesophase pitch (SMP), a precursor of MPCF, was prepared using PFO as a raw material through the pressurized heat treatment at 420°C-430 °C. PFO is from the naphtha catalytic cracking process for ethylene production and is mainly composed of 2–4 condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The high temperature pressurized heat treatment could result in the PFO-derived SMPs with yield of 23.0 wt% and excellent spinnability. On the other hand, without pressurized heat treatment, the yield was 8.5 wt%. This indicates that pressurized heat treatment significantly contributed to the yield improvement. In addition, the preference for the conversion of PFO molecules into highly condensed PAHs via cata-condensation during pressurized heat treatment at 420°C-430 °C was observed, which may be the main reason for the high yield and excellent spinnability of the resulting SMPs. As a result, the obtained PFO-derived SMPs though the such high-temperature pressurized heat treatment provided the typical radial-random transversal textures and general mechanical performances of MPCF: The tensile strength and Young's modulus of the PFO-derived MPCF graphitized at 2400 °C showed high values of 1.9–2.7 GPa and 554–635 GPa, respectively. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the yield potential and yield-determining factors of recent high-yielding cultivars is essential for further increasing rice yield. In this study, a cross-locational field experiment was conducted across 3 years using 'Hokuriku 193ʹ (H193), a high-yielding cultivar, at four sites including one in Nagano Prefecture, which is the highest-yielding region in Japan. The highest mean yields of 3 years, 1214 g m−2 for brown rice grains and 1586 g m−2 for rough grains, were recorded at the Nagano site. The yields from the 17 environments were strongly correlated with spikelet number per square meter while percentage of filled grain was relatively stable, suggesting that sink capacity is the primary determining factor for grain yield of H193. The climatic factors for high spikelet number at the Nagano site can be explained by the high cumulative radiation before heading associated with longer duration until heading by low night temperature. In addition, a large increase in shoot dry weight during grain filling (ΔW) and high radiation use efficiency (ΔW/rad) at the Nagano site could satisfy large source demand by the large sink size. The high ΔW/rad at the Nagano site associated with low night temperature. This study demonstrated high yield potential of H193 and revealed an environment that achieves extra-high yields in H193, which provided insight to attain further increase in rice yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorescent cellulose nanofibers (FCNFs), with a high yield, were prepared via one-pot hydrolysis and the grafting reaction of cellulose with thiazolipyridine carboxylic acid (TPCA). The hydrolysis and Fischer esterification of cellulose were conducted under microwave-hydrothermal conditions; meanwhile, TPCA formation was induced by the dehydration reaction between L-cysteine and citric acid. The effects of the reaction temperature and reaction time on the yield and performance of FCNF were investigated. The morphology and size, surface chemical property, crystal structure, thermostability, and fluorescent performance of FCNF were characterized. The results revealed that the yield of FCNF reached 73.2% under a microwave power of 500 W, reaction temperature of 110 °C, and reaction time of 5 h. The FCNF obtained presents a short rod-like morphology. The crystallinity of the FCNFs is 80%, and their thermal stability did not decline significantly. Additionally, the fluorescent performance of the FCNFs is excellent, which results in them having good sensitivity to chloride ions. The good fluorescent performance and significant responsiveness to chloride ions of FCNFs lead to them having broad prospects in bio-labeling, biosensing, information storage, chloride ion detection, among others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the global climate change, the frequency and duration of high temperature in summer and autumn have increased, causing high temperature heat damage to summer crops such as rice and maize. From the end of July to early August is the main period of high temperature occurrence, during which t he daily average temperature above 30°C is a high probability event, and even the highest temperature is above 38°C, while this period coincides with the booting-blooming-filling stage of the single-season middle rice in Jianghuai, especially the middle-season indica rice, so it often leads to the degradation of rice spikelets, pollen abortion, difficulty in pollen dispersion, and even difficulty in heading, resulting in a serious decline in the seed setting rate and poor filling of grains, which finally affect the yield and quality. Based on the goal of high-yielding high-quality rice cultivation, this paper proposed targeted technical measures for single-season middle rice from the aspects of planting time sequence optimization, selection of high-temperature-resistant varieties, population construction, fertilizer and water management technology, and how to compensate for the occurrence of unexpected disasters to promote plant growth. This study provides technical support for high-yielding high-quality stress-resistant and disaster-reducing rice cultivation technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breeding rice (Oryza sativa L.) with high yield, superior quality, desired grain shape and high resistance is the goal of breeding to meet the needs of current consumers. It is usually hard to combine multiple complex traits based on traditional breeding methods because they are frequently antagonistic to each other. However, molecular design breeding, as a novel breeding method, is an optional alternative to this challenge. To demonstrate molecular design breeding, 15 favorable genes from five parent lines were pyramided together to develop elite rice with high-yield, superior-quality, desired grain shape and high resistance to brown planthopper (BPH). The parental lines were 9311, the recurrent parent, carrying APO1, Ghd7, Ghd8 and Gn1a for high yield, GS3 and qSW5 for grain shape, and Wx and ALK for eating and cooking quality; 1880 with Gn8.1 for large panicles; Luo-Yu-Xiang carrying GW7 for grain shape and SBE3, SSIV2 and SSIII for eating and cooking quality; Luoyang6 with Bph6 and Luoyang9 with Bph9 for BPH resistance. After careful screening for the 15 targeted genes, desired phenotype and maximum genetic background from 9311, three molecular design lines with desired phenotypes, named as MD1 (Molecular design 1), MD2 and MD3 were developed. MD3 carried all 15 targeted genes, and MD1 and MD2 had 14 of the 15 targeted genes. Only SBE3 was not introgressed into MD1 and MD2 but this had minimal impact on the gel consistency and alkali spreading value. These newly bred lines exhibited higher yield potential, better grain quality with slender grains, low amylose content, high gel consistency and alkali spreading value, and higher BPH resistance compared to the parent 9311. In this study, we successfully created three novel rice lines with high yield, superior quality and improved BPH resistance by rational molecular design. Our results demonstrate molecular design is a powerful strategy to improve multiple complex traits and will provide a reference for the future commercial rice improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to search for high activity acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, novel 2H‐thiazole[3,2‐b][1,2,4]triazine‐3,7‐diones were synthesized by substituted benzaldehyde, bromoacetonitrile and 6‐benzyl‐3‐thio‐3,4‐dihydro‐1,2,4‐triazine‐5(2H)‐one in one pot under the assistance of ultrasound. The synthesis possible reaction mechanism were proposed. The structures of the target compounds were confirmed by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS. All the target compounds had inhibitory activity against AChE, and the compound 6‐benzyl‐2‐(4‐methoxybenzylidene)‐2H‐thiazolo[3,2‐b]‐1,2,4‐triazine‐3,7‐dione had the best activity (0.37±0.02 μM) according to the activity experimental results. The binding mode of the compound and AChE was studied by molecular docking. 2H‐thiazole[3,2‐b][1,2,4]triazine‐3,7‐diones could provide reference for the development of new AChE inhibitors with independent intellectual property rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) is an important pulse crop in Tamil Nadu. An inter sub- specific cross was made VBN (Bg) 5 x V. mungo var. silvestris (22/10) to develop high yielding variety with yellow mosaic disease resistance. A high yielding blackgram culture (COBG 10-05) was identified and evaluated in different yield trials from 2012 to 2020. The culture matures in 60 - 65 days. It recorded an overall mean yield of 881 kg/ha which is 12.1, 12.4 and 14.4 per cent yield increase over the check varieties viz., CO 6 (786 kg/ha), VBN 6 (784 kg/ha) and VBN 8 (770 kg/ha), respectively. This culture is resistant to mungbean yellow mosaic virus disease and moderately resistant to leaf crinkle and stem necrosis diseases. It has bold seeds with 100 seed weight ranged from 5.5 to 6.0 g. The plant type is determinate with synchronized maturity and suitable for single/mechanical harvest. It contains 22.3 per cent protein. This culture was released as Co 7 and it is recommended for cultivation during kharif and rabi seasons in Tamil Nadu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hydrothermal, solvothermal or ionothermal routes are usually employed for the synthesis of zeolite, which is often accompanied by a high energy consumption, high cost and low efficiency. We have developed a novel route for the rapid and high yield synthesis of mordenite (MOR) zeolite via an ice-templating method. In comparison with traditional hydrothermal synthesis, not only the high yield, but also the superior crystallinity, large reduction in water level and reaction pressure, simple device and conventional silica sources by this route can have great potential for the commercial production of pure MOR zeolite. Moreover, the changed bonding environment of silicon atoms in MOR zeolite, that is, a relative decrease in the tetrahedrally coordinated Si–O–Si bond, and accordingly, an increase in the T–OH (T = Si, Al) groups and Si–O–Al sites, remarkably enhances its acid strength. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Brassica napus L is an important oilseed crops grown throughout many parts of the world. It is well adapted to long day photoperiods. Synthetic B. napus was produced through interspecific hybridization between B. rapa L. var Tori-7 and exotic variety of B. oleracea L. var. alboglabra Bailey. The chromosomes of the interspecific hybrids were doubled through the treatments of colchicine. Synthetic B. napus had increased growth and exhibited wider range of variations than parents for plant height leaf and floral characters, siliquae related characters, flowering and maturity characters, yield and yield contributing characters and sterility and siliquae shattering characters. Resynthesized lines (RS) showed higher plant height, leaf width compare to check variety BINA Sarisha-04. The RS lines also found to be best for siliquae related characters (siliquae length, break length, length of main fruiting axis, siliquae density siliquae angle). On the basis of flowering and maturity characters (1st, 50% and 90% flowering and days to maturity) RS lines showed six days earlier than check variety but not early maturing B. rapa parent Tori-7. The RS lines found to be promising for yield, yield contributing characters and oil content (primary and secondary branches per plant, siliquae per plant, seeds per plant, 1000 seeds weight, seed yield per plant and oil content). On the basis of sterility and shattering characters (pollen sterility %, siliquae setting, sterile seeds per siliquae, siliquae shattered at harvest and siliquae shattered after 7 days of harvest) the RS lines were better performer than check variety. The developed RS lines may be useful for rapeseed breeding to improve earliness, shattering tolerance and higher yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Yuepuhu County in Xinjiang has a long history of cotton planting and is a national high-quality cotton base county. In 2002, it was appraised by the Ministry of Agriculture as the "Hometown of High-yield Cotton Production in China", with an annual cotton planting area of about 43 000 ha. Traditional cotton planting has disadvantages such as waste of water resources, low water use efficiency, easy breeding of diseases and insect pests, and unfavorable ground temperature recovery at the seedling stage. In order to solve the low water use efficiency in cotton planting in Yuepuhu County, reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, promote sustainable cotton production, and improve the economic benefits and local ecological benefits of cotton planting, Yuepuhu County promoted the application of the resource-saving technology drip irrigation under ground membrane cotton comprehensive cultivation technology mainly promoted by the Ministry of Agriculture. This paper mainly discusses the disadvantages of traditional cotton planting, the main technical content of drip irrigation under ground membrane technology, the problems found in the practice process and the solutions, so as make cotton growers in Yuepuhu County better understand the planting technology under plastic film, and to better promote the development of cotton industry in Yuepuhu County and the surrounding regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article informs about various traits of Yellowhorn (Xanthoceras sorbifolium), a woody oil tree that mainly grows in northern China, is a plant of "a thousand flowers with one fruit" that have male and female flowers on its lateral branches. It mentions that Yellowhorn seed oil is considered an ideal raw material for potential biodiesel use in China.

‘Sunmyoung’ is a high-yielding variety that is resistant to damage from lodging and high temperatures. Out of the 30 lines collected from a farmhouse in Yeoju in 2001, individual plants of ‘Sunmyoung’ were selected from a testing plot with artificial high-temperature stress and were further bred using the pure line separation breeding method. Preliminary and advanced yield trials were conducted in Suwon and Yeoju from 2005-2013, and regional adaptability trials were conducted in Yeoju and Anseong from 2014-2016. The rates of high-temperature stress for two- and three-year old ‘Sunmyoung’ were lower than those of the ‘Sunil’ variety by 46.2% and 34.1%, respectively. The length of the stem and small leaflets of Sunmyoung were 6.2 cm and 5.1 cm shorter than those of Sunil, and the width of the leaflets was shorter than that of Sunil by 3.9 cm-indicating a higher resistance of ‘Sunmyoung’ against lodging damage. In the regional adaptability test, the yield of Sunmyoung was 523 kg/10a, which was 5% higher than that of ‘Sunil’ (498 kg/10a). The content of ginsenoside in ‘Sunmyoung’ was 19.2 mg/g, which was lower than that of ‘Sunil’ (22.38 mg/g). Since ‘Sunmyoung’ is more resistant to high temperature stress (than ‘Sunil’), lodging stress, Rhizoctonia solani, and Alternaria panax leaf spot, and has a decent production stability with higher yields, it is expected to contribute towards the quality improvement of raw materials in ginseng production (Registration No. 7495). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapeseed variety needs to be tested by regional trial in multiple sites for many years before being applied in market in China. Performants of rapeseed were affected by the interaction of sites and varieties. Evaluation of regional trials is very important for guiding rapeseed breeding. GGE (genotype main effects and genotype ​× ​environment interaction) biplot was used to evaluate yield, stability, adaptability, representativeness and discrimination of national winter rapeseed trials in the upper reaches of Yangtze River in 2017-2018. Results showed that the main effects of genotype (G), environment (E) and genotype ​× ​environment interaction (G × E) were significant (P ​

Maize (Zea mays L.) stands prominently as one of the major cereal crops in China as well as in the rest of the world. Therefore, predicting the growth and yield of maize for large areas through yield components under high-yielding environments will help in understanding the process of yield formation and yield potential under different environmental conditions. This accurate early assessment of yield requires accuracy in the formation process of yield components as well. In order to formulate the quantitative design for high yields of maize in China, yield performance parameters of quantitative design for high grain yields were evaluated in this study, by utilizing the yield performance equation with normalization of planting density. Planting density was evaluated by parameters including the maximum leaf area index and the maximum leaf area per plant. Results showed that the variation of the maximum leaf area per plant with varying plant density conformed to the Reciprocal Model, which proved to have excellent prediction with root mean square error (RMSE) value of 5.95%. Yield model estimation depicted that the best optimal maximum leaf area per plant was 0.63 times the potential maximum leaf area per plant of hybrids. Yield performance parameters for different yield levels were quantitatively designed based on the yield performance equation. Through validation of the yield performance model by simulating high yields of spring maize in the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Jilin Province, China, and summer maize in Shandong Province, the yield performance equation showed excellent prediction with the satisfactory mean RMSE value (7.72%) of all the parameters. The present study provides theoretical support for the formulation of quantitative design for sustainable high yield of maize in China, through consideration of planting density normalization in the yield prediction process, providing there is no water and nutrient limitation.

The Spanish bunch groundnut variety BSR 2 is the cross derivative of VRI 2 x TVG 0004 It matures in 105 – 110 days. This culture is suitable for cultivation in rainfed and irrigated conditions. The culture BSG 0912 possess the advantage of bunch type growth with higher yield, more number of pods per plant, suitable for cultivation in all the groundnut growing districts of Tamil Nadu. The average yield of BSG 0912 under rainfed condition is 2222 kg/ha, which is 5.9, 18.3 and 19.1 per cent higher than VRI 8 (2099 kg/ha), CO 7 (1878 kg/ha) and VRI(Gn) 6 (1866 kg/ha) respectively. Under irrigated condition, this culture has the average yield of 2360 kg/ha with the yield increase of 15.5, 14.5 and 22.9 per cent over VRI 8 (2044 kg/ha), CO 7 (2061 kg/ha) and VRI(Gn) 6 (1920 kg/ha), respectively. The culture registered the shelling out turn of 70.2 per cent, oil content of 45.01 per cent and 100 Kernel weight of 41.0 g with preferable pod and kernel characters. The groundnut culture BSG 0912 possess moderate resistance to late leaf spot and rust diseases.

To achieve the balance on economy and ecology, it is indispensable to explore the greener and more inexpensive method for the production of cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs). Herein, a deep eutectic solvent (DES) system based on choline chloride (ChCl) and ethylene glycol (EG) was employed as the swollen solvent, combining with screw extrusion and permeant, to fabricate unmodified CNFs with high yield and thermal stability. The proposed method in this work was simple, convenient, and industrially viable. The hydrous DESs were applied in the process of CNFs preparation and dispersion to reduce the cost and viscosity of DES. To reveal the principle of CNFs preparation, the impact of sulfuric acid and water content of DES system on the chemical, physical, morphological, thermal, and dispersive properties of CNFs was systematically studied. Properties of the dispersed solvents were characterized by solvatochromic parameters and viscosity parameters to evaluate the potential influence on the preparation and dispersion of CNFs. In general, this work would play valuable guidance in realizing the preparation and dispersion of CNFs via a versatile DES solvent system, thus endowing cellulose materials high-value utilization. • High-yield and thermostable CNFs were successfully obtained. • There was no chemical modification on the surface of CNFs. • The potential relationships between these parameters of DES and the preparation of CNFs were evaluated. • Natural DES was employed as the swollen and dispersed solution to prepare CNFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Okra yields are low in West and Central Africa and factors including narrow genetic base of available germplasm have been implicated. An assessment of genetic variability among germplasm from various sources and knowledge of trait contributions to these variations is crucial to the success of okra breeding program. Eighteen okra accessions were evaluated during the 2020 cropping season in Nigeria to assess the genotypes for genetic diversity, group the accessions into clusters and identify traits that chiefly accounted for the variations among the genotypes. Data obtained were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA), metroglyph and principal component analyses (PCA). ANOVA revealed significant accession mean squares for majority of the measured traits. Metroglyph analysis grouped the accessions into four clusters with members of Cluster IV generally high-yielding, early-maturing and short genotypes. NGB00353 and NGB00356 that were among genotypes with high total index scores were members of Cluster IV. The first four principal components (PCs) accounted for 80% of the total observed variation. PC1 with the highest discriminatory power was loaded with days to budding, internode length, pod yield.plot−1 and the number of pods.plant−1. The variation within and between clusters could be explored in okra breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

How to directionally design the hollow zeolite via a green route is of great significance. Here, we successfully synthesized the hollow Fe-silicate-1 encapsulated ultra-small Fe2O3 nanoparticles (2.5 nm) with higher yield (85.2%) by mother liquid than traditional dissolution-recrystallization for the first time, which was achieved by precisely regulating the number and distribution of defects in zeolite and cleverly utilizing the TPAOH and nuclei in mother liquor. The effects of synthetic temperature, synthetic period and addition amount of parent zeolite on the formation of hollow zeolite have been investigated and the effect of synthetic conditions on the defects in parent zeolite has been also firstly quantified. The corresponding formation mechanism has been proposed. The abundant inner defects provided by the zeolite synthesized at 130 °C for 1 day and large amount of TPAOH remaining in mother liquid are conducive to the formation of hollow zeolite. Meanwhile, both parent zeolite and nuclei (4-, 5-member rings and structure units) in mother liquid obtained at 130 °C play the crucial roles in enhancing the zeolite yield. Notably, Fe2O3 nanoparticles could decompose into small fragments by the interaction with nuclei in mother liquid. Partial ultra-small Fe2O3 nanoparticles would be encapsulated in cavity and the rest could be inserted in the zeolite framework, which is significantly different from the conventional dissolution-recrystallization mechanism. The obtained encapsulated catalyst shows the superior catalytic performance and stability in phenol and tetracycline degradation reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

【Objective】 To screen buckwheat varieties（lines）suitable for different growing areas in Inner Mongolia and to meet the needs of buckwheat processing companies,as well as,to provide reference for buckwheat variety evaluation and application. 【Methods】 The AMMI model was used to analyze the stable yield and high yield of 15 buckwheat varieties（lines）in 4 pilots（the experimental site in Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Wuchuan County of Hohhot,Guyang County of Baotou,Naiman Banner of Tongliao）. 【Results】 In varince analysis,variety,experimental location and the interaction between the variety and experimental location were all extremely significant（P<0.01）. According to AMMI model analysis,the interaction effect of IPCA1 and IPCA2 explained 92.28% of the variety and location interaction information which indicated the varieties and locations chosen were representative. Mengku 11,Mengku 09,Mengku 93,Mengku 13,Mengku 06 were high and stable yield varieties（lines）,and Mengku 45,Mengku 66 were stable varieties with poor yield,while Mengku 87 and Mengku 53 were high yield but poor stability. Guyang County of Baotou had the highest resolution for the variety identification abilities,while Wuchuan County of Hohhot had the weakest in the 4 pilots. 【Conclusion】 Mengku 11,Mengku 09,Mengku 93,Mengku 13,Mengku 06 were suitable for large-scale cultivation in Inner Mongolia. The AMMI model could be used to accurately analyse variety stability and high yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]