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The turbulent conjuncture of global society contributes to deepening the revision of the normative foundations of the social sciences and sociology, favoring changes in analytical perspectives. This is very evident in the studies on the gift as systematized by interpreters of Marcel Mauss gathered in the Revue du MAUSS (Anti-Utilitarian Movement in the Social Sciences). These authors update the theoretical-methodological contribution of the gift – initially formulated with three movements, give-receive-retribute – with the introduction of a fourth movement. Thus, we have a broader system of exchanges, ask-give-receive-retribute, whose main formulator is Alain Caillé. This innovation makes it easier to understand voluntary exchanges between individuals situated in distinct moral and economic hierarchies that could not be explained within the limits of the previous triadic system. This new system accompanies the development of studies on relational sociology.

This study addresses Roger Scruton’s understanding of what he called “moments of revelation”. In two short essays, both entitled “Effing the ineffable”, Scruton framed his discussion of moments of revelation with reference to the medieval Christian mystical discourse. Introducing the medieval discussion of this topic, this study provides an analysis of Scruton’s approach to the theme. In tune with the traditional discourse on revelation, his general aim was to demonstrate that there are ways of revealing important truths about the supernatural, of the world “beyond the window”, that do not require words to be pronounced. He calls our experiences of such phenomena moments of revelation and identifies four different transitory sources of revelation. This study deals with them one by one, after considering whether it is right to label such a revelation transcendental. The four sources of Scruton’s moments of revelation are natural beauty, the beauty of painting, the beauty of music, and personal encounters. The first three examples are connected to his thoughts on art and beauty as a substitute of divine revelation. Perhaps the most surprising of these is the last ones, moments of intersubjective human relationships, “our knowledge of each other”. Relying on both Buber and Levinas, Scruton makes the strong claim that it is in the other that we can experience that world “beyond the window”. His phenomenological exploration of human encounters sheds light on concepts like grace, shekhinah, or real presence and gift. He explains the Christian understanding of the human–divine relationship as well along the lines of the nature of interpersonal human relationship, both of them being in a certain sense, he claims, transcendental. From grace, his account moves forward to self-sacrifice and finally arrives at his idiosyncratic understanding of gratefulness for life. His moments of revelation in art and interpersonal exchange turn out to be, indeed, late and secular versions of the Christian understanding of revelation. In its summary, this study claims that revelation, understood by Scruton as a form of general human experience, allows to catch a glimpse of that which is beyond the window, by the direct, sensually based experience of either the existence of another person or of the beauty of nature and art.

IntroductionMost countries want to make the transition to increased or even exclusive use of renewable energy. To achieve this goal, how can individuals be persuaded to use more renewable electricity? For example, does the way energy companies communicate so-called consumer subsidies matter in this regard, and if so, which communication strategy is best? For example, is a monetary promotion (e.g., cashback) better than a non-monetary one (e.g., gift)?MethodsIn a total of four studies (with a total of more than 1700 participants), we investigated what type of promotion most influenced the choice of a renewable energy product, varying, for example, the environmental friendliness of the renewable energy product.ResultsThe monetary promotion (e.g., get $35 back through subsidies) appeared to be the most successful; it significantly increased the choice of the renewable electricity product (i.e., between 12–22%). However, this result was only evident when the subsidized renewable product was not the product already preferred by most individuals. Other measures, such as the willingness to pay (WTP), showed no differential effects.DiscussionOverall, the observed pattern suggests that promoting renewable energy choices, is similar to promoting donations to a charity. Accordingly, the description of the consumer subsidy as a monetary promotion (i.e., cashback or negative labeling) is most effective in terms of promotion. However, the effect of monetary promotions seems to diminish if the subsidized product is already the product preferred by most consumers. Nevertheless, the use of monetary promotions can encourage the transition to renewable energy.

Copyright of College of Law Journal for Legal & Political Sciences / Magallat Kulliyyat Al-Qanun Li-L-ulum Al-Qanuniyyat Wa-Al-Siyasiyyat is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the ideology of gift in the Sant hagiographies (paracaī) of Anantadās (16th/17th century). It is assumed that understanding author's implicit view of gift giving (dāna) is fundamental to unraveling the meaning of certain episodes of the paracaīs. These involve curious cases such as that of Kabīr abandoning his dāna-related duties or those of various Sants, for example, Pīpā, offering gifts to the brahmins (who are, nevertheless, depicted mainly as enemies of the bhakts). The approach of Anantadās to dāna seems to differ significantly from the ideas expounded by the medieval Brahmanic, Buddhist, and Jain sources as it transcends the notion of the gift as being motivated by the socioreligious status of the recipient. It also proves the existence of a certain God-bhakt reciprocity. As such, dāna works on a soteriological level, as a devotional act aimed at creating a relationship with Hari, and on a proselytic level as a tool for expanding the religious community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aquaculture is becoming a more concentrated industry with fewer but larger operating farms. In aquaculture, fishes sharing a tank or cage are often given oral therapeutic doses of antibiotics for a short period of time, but many problems arise when using them. The increase in bacterial antibiotic resistance and antibiotic residues is a global problem that requires the development of alternative therapies against bacterial pathogens in animal production, especially in aquaculture. In view of this, this study investigated the effect of oxytetracycline (OTC) antibiotic on growth, haematology, digestive enzyme activity and serum biochemical parameters of GIFT fry. Fish with mean initial weights of 4.57 ± 0.50 g and 4.60 ± 0.52 g were fed a control diet and a 0.065% OTC diet at a feeding rate of 7% for 60 days. Our analysis revealed some important and interesting trends in fish overall, while indicating a strong influence of OTC. Antibiotic-fed fish had higher weight gain (11.63 ± 0.16 g), ADG (0.19 ± 0.01 g), SGR (2.10 ± 0.02) and lowest FCR (1.88 ± 0.03) compared to controls. Likewise, haematological parameters i.e.; leukocytes, differential leukocytes, haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocytes, serum biochemical indices and digestive enzyme activity (including amylase, lipase, protease) were higher, but the results indicated that these patterns had significant effects on growth, haematology. The influence of parameters, serum biochemical indicators and digestive enzyme activity because of the f-value (f > 0.4) showed that OTC had a great influence on GIFT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As 16th-century Muscovy started returning to European policy using military expansion, diplomacy and propaganda, the question of renewing its communications with the Holy Roman Empire, the leading continental power, swiftly arose. To that end the tsars used every possible tool, including gifts to the emperors and their diplomats. However, Russian presents, gift-giving practices and rituals were strikingly different from those of their imperial counterparts, which offered new diplomatic possibilities to both tsars and emperors, although sometimes that difference impeded their communications, self-representation and foreign policy. This article sheds light on what gifts the Russians gave to the Austrian Habsburgs and their emissaries, how they were given, received and understood, how well they worked as diplomatic, cultural and self-representation tools and what they can tell us about the mutual images of the Russian and imperial elites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on communications which took place by means of gifts between scholars of the Renaissance period. Its aim is to present the correspondence of Poles with Erasmus of Rotterdam and its symbolic meaning. The Poles courted Erasmus by means of numerous gifts which carried a certain message and functioned within the framework of certain ritual gestures. These gestures constituted a certain model of the social behaviour of humanists, and Polish intellectuals wished to observe them as a means of joining this community. The gifts were therefore a symbol of the cultural and intellectual aspirations of Polish scholars – an expression of a certain snobbery, as well as the need to feature among a considerable group of Erasmus’s friends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gift-giving was, and in many societies still is, one of the key social phenomena. The gifts were more than just goods given to somebody. Economically they represent an important means to procure needed goods. Socially, they expressed relationships between donors and recipients and was among the means for an individual to exercise power over another. The present study is conceived as a first step to understanding the complex problem of gift-giving during the Middle Kingdom. Its main aim is to outline the patterns of royal generosity visible in the Twelfth Dynasty (c.1939–1760 BCE) textual sources and to contextualize them with respect to the general findings of evolutionary psychology and Social Exchange Theory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the intensification of mono-sex Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus aquaculture in riverine net cages installed at the River Dakatia, Roghunathpur, Chandpur. This study performed 120-day cage grow-out trials with densities of 50, 75, and 100 tilapia m-3 under three replications with an average initial weight of 28.92±8.37 g per juvenile fish. The monthly water quality parameters (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, total alkalinity and hardness, ammonia-N and Nitrite-N) in the cage installation water area of the River Dakatia were found to be suitable for tilapia cage culture. The monthly average weight gain was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density than in the other two stocking densities tested. The mean final weight and specific growth rate were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density than the other two stocking densities. Significantly (p < 0.05) higher survival (97.92%) was found in the 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density group and followed by 86.74% and 84.39% in the 75 and 100 tilapia m-3 stocking densities, respectively. Consequently, the monthly relative and specific growth rate and feed conversion ratio were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density fishes for the first, third, and fourth months. Gross production was comparable between 50 and 75 tilapia m-3 stocking densities but was significantly (p < 0.05) better than 100 m-3 stocking density. Net production was significantly (p < 0.05) higher at 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density group than those of 75 and 100 tilapia m-3 stocking densities. The best feed conversion ratio (1.60) was in the 50 tilapia m-3 stocking density group (p < 0.05) than those of 1.87 and 2.44 for the stocking of 75 and 100 tilapia m-3, respectively. Benefit-cost ratio and net profit were significantly (p < 0.05) better at 50 and 75 tilapia m-3 than at 100 tilapia m-3 stocking density. Therefore, considering maximum outputs, benefits, and performances, we recommend stocking density at 50 mono-sex tilapia m-3 for the best growth, cost-effective production, and highest-economic return from 120 days of grow-out net cages in the riverine culture system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) is among the most farmed finfish worldwide, distributed across different environmental conditions. Its wide distribution has mainly been facilitated by several breeding programs and widespread dissemination of genetically improved strains. In the first Nile tilapia study exploiting a whole‐genome pooled sequencing (Poolseq) approach, we identified the genetic structure and signatures of selection in diverse, farmed Nile tilapia populations, with a particular focus on the GIFT strain, developed in the 1980s, and currently managed by WorldFish (GIFTw). We also investigated important farmed strains from The Philippines and Africa. Using both SNP array data and Poolseq SNPs, we characterized the population structure of these samples. We observed the greatest separation between the Asian and African populations and greater admixture in the Asian populations than in the African ones. We also established that the SNP array data were able to successfully resolve relationships between these diverse Nile tilapia populations. The Poolseq data identified genomic regions with high levels of differentiation (FST) between GIFTw and the other populations. Gene ontology terms associated with mesoderm development were significantly enriched in the genes located in these regions. A region on chromosome Oni06 was genetically differentiated in pairwise comparisons between GIFTw and all other populations. This region contains genes associated with muscle‐related traits and overlaps with a previously published QTL for fillet yield, suggesting that these traits may have been direct targets for selection on GIFT. A nearby region was also identified using XP‐EHH to detect genomic differentiation using the SNP array data. Genomic regions with high or extended homozygosity within each population were also identified. This study provides putative genomic landmarks associated with the recent domestication process in several Nile tilapia populations, which could help to inform their genetic management and improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GIFT algorithm as an improved version of PRESENT algorithm, the structure is more concise and efficient, when it running on FPGA, the performance still has room for improvement. This paper proposed a new implementation scheme, by implemented the algorithm from a 40-round iterative computation to a 20-round iteration, and executed the encryption/decryption in parallel with the round key generation operations. After the proposed scheme used in xc6slx16 FPGA platform, frequency up to 194 MHz, throughput up to 1.2 Gbps, and it consumes 21 clock cycles. The results show that the proposed method has better performance and less clock cycle consumption compared to the existing work. It is practical to perform at high speed on FPGA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the circular economy invites us to realize the potential of the so-called 'waste-based commodity frontiers', reintegration into capitalist value chains is not the only way for discards to be resurrected. In this article, we examine the ways in which the collective of dumpster divers is organized in relation to giving, receiving and reciprocating of various waste-gifts. Our intention is not only to expand existing theorizations of the gift to new domains but also to critically interrogate them, identify their limitations and explore what dumpster diving can teach us about the gift. In particular, the analysis foregrounds the heterogeneity of gift practices. Arguing against universal notions of the gift, the article proposes that waste assumes four main forms of gifts and relations among dumpster divers: givenness (parasitic relation); solidarity-based giving (relation of reciprocity); free giving (asymmetrical relation); and non-giving, as a withdrawal from returning the discards to nature conceived as an Other (the relation of non-relation). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the titulature, the Crimean Khans have particularly emphasized their Chinggisid origins as a proof of their legitimacy. Yasa [Chinggisid Law] and töre [tradition] also played a crucial role in domestic affairs. The political institutions and customs developed by Chinggis Khan continued to exist in the successor Khanates. The practice of demanding luxury goods as tribute from the subject peoples for the consumption of the ruling elite was one of them. In this article, I will first show that the tiş [tusk] was a developed version of the tribute dedicated for the consumption of ruling elite. Second, I will try to show why tiş should be considered as a tribute contrary to the Russian claim that it was a gift and its significance for the Crimean Tatars. Finally, I will demonstrate how the socio-political developments in the Crimean Tatar society like the growing influence of the karaçis and the service mirzas was reflected in the tiş defters [books]. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the post-Byzantine period, the rulers of the north-Danubian principalities of Wallachia and Moldavia, through their monetary gifts and donations, played central roles in the continuation of religious life within and beyond the borders of their domains. This essay charts the patterns of patronage of two key donors - Neagoe Basarab of Wallachia (r. 1512-1521) and Peter RareÈ™ of Moldavia (r. 1527-1528; 1541-1546) - in order to underscore their piety and the broader implications of their activities. Through the extant textual and material evidence, this study engages with aspects of the desires, collaborations, and effects of patronage from these two important rulers within Wallachia and Moldavia, respectively, and to far-off places like Mount Athos and the monastery of Saint Catherine at Mount Sinai. This study reveals a complex web of personal, spiritual, and ideological facets of leadership and identity that shaped a culture of donations and piety rooted in Byzantine models and transformed in local contexts through the desires and ambitions of each individual ruler. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Fuzhou University is the property of Journal of Fuzhou University, Editorial Department and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To estimate the security of block ciphers against linear attacks, we introduce a kind of word-wise permutation which is used to construct equivalent linear trails from known ones for bit-oriented SPN block ciphers. Particularly, we find such word-wise permutations for GIFT-64, and use one of them to construct equivalent linear trails for 12-round GIFT-64. With five of these linear trails, we further present a 19-round multiple linear attack on GIFT-64 using Flórez-Gutiérrez et al.'s improved key-recovery algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work, Identity and Gift. Throughout history work has changed its meaning and imaginary. Born as a need it was the expression of a collective struggle against human weakness and limits. It became a duty for those who could not avoid it and finally a generative mechanism of identity. Work put a mark on the body, it determines the subject's self-perception, it shapes social relationships. In this work the author aims at analysing the possible nexus between work, identity and gift as the framework for a collaborative and positive society. The isolation of the modern man, focused on competition and on consumption cannot make room for stable social relationships and let emerge a new kind of work imaginary or a new kind of imaginary work.

Social media marketing communication is among the current strategies used to provide visibility to cultural heritage, sales promotions being especially relevant. Nevertheless, despite the fact that social media has now built significant momentum, there is still a dearth of research on the relationship between social marketing activities and brand equity. In this context, this study seeks to determine how the use of promotional discounts and free gifts on social media contributes to building heritage brand equity. To pursue this research aim, a quasi-experimental study was designed and carried out among online users, based on two promotional stimuli (discount vs. free gift). The findings suggest that gifts perform better in terms of increasing brand equity, except where the user presents a high level of sales promotion-proneness, in which case promotional discounts are more effective.

New economic criticism has refined our understanding of Shakespeare's engagement with received notions of the gift. Scholars such as Dan Brayton and Steven Mentz have recently vindicated a Shakespearean thalassology reflecting an "oceanic turn" that transformed early modern cartographies and gave rise to new poetic geographies. However, the link existing in the plays between a gift economy of transcendental values and the discovery of the global ocean has not been fully recognised. This article centres on the representation of gold in order to show how evocations of transoceanic voyaging serve to articulate a conception of limitless wealth that underpins Shakespearean discourses of infinite offering and generosity, in particular those of Petrarchan love and divine redemption. It argues that the enactment of the imaginative impact of New World gold is central to Shakespeare's exploration of the value of gift in a culture increasingly governed by the calculating logic of the market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Crítica de Ciências Sociais is the property of Centro de Estudos Sociais and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper aims to look into the moderating effect of individual's cultural characteristics—Power Distance—on the relationship between the use of discounts and gifts and the formation of the brand equity of a heritage tourist site is assessed. The results of a quasi‐experimental 2×2 factorial design among Internet users from two countries and using two different promotional stimuli showed: a positive effect of sales promotions on social media on the formation of brand equity of a heritage tourist site; a lesser effect of online price discounts than free gifts; the moderating role of Power Distance on the formation of brand equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay explores the poststructuralist concept of the 'event' as an unforeseen and incalculable surprise, reading its theoretical significance in two ways: as an occurrence that has already taken place (divided at its source) and an occurrence that opens up the impossible consideration of futurity. By linking the thought of the event with the phenomenological notion of the gift, I aim to explore how literary narratives perform the happening of the event through the conditions of absolute givenness, undercutting notions of power, possession and mastery in the work of language. Through a reading of Maurice Blanchot's Thomas the Obscure and D.H. Lawrence's The Man Who Died, I demonstrate how narratives articulating themselves at the boundaries of life and death inform theoretical thinking of the event by collapsing the boundaries separating biography and mortality, inducting us into an asynchronous temporality and economy of givenness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Jurisprudence Faculty Journal / Magallaẗ Kulliyyaẗ Al-fiqh is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Among the various attempts to re-humanize economics, the 'humanomics' proposed by Vernon Smith and Bart Wilson stands out. We contribute to the "humanomics project" by mapping its territory – core, periphery and frontiers – with an eye, also, on future explorations. First, we critically study the core: Smith and Wilson's interpretation and experimental application of Adam Smith's ideas on beneficence and injustice. Using the distinction between reciprocal cooperation and reciprocal kindness, we provide a different interpretation of Smith which helps to better understand the difference between exchange and trust, based on mutual advantage, and (reciprocal) beneficence proper. Secondly, we turn to the periphery, going beyond the 'dichotomous representation of the human personality' – personal-social/impersonal-economic – and showing other possible worlds: nuances of humans equally worthy of study, such as the personal-economic and the impersonal-social. Thirdly, we argue that the humanomics project should keep its frontiers as open as possible to human diversities and frailties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Ganga River ecosystem is under severe anthropogenic stress. Flow regulations through structural barriers alter the geomorphic and hydraulic geometry of riverine habitats. Determining the ecological health of river habitats under the contemporary modification is detrimental to its restoration and management. This study evaluates reach averaged hydraulic habitat of the endangered Ganga River dolphin (Platanista gangetica) in a stretch between Bijnor and Narora barrages. We consider an optimal minimum flow depth as the determining factor of habitat suitability. Field measurement of the hydraulic geometry and flow characteristics show that the optimal flow depth is available in the study reach during the monsoon period, while in the pre‐monsoon, the minimum depth is present only in the reach upstream to Narora barrage. We use a geomorphic instream flow tool (GIFT) and satellite altimeter water level data to simulate reach averaged hydraulic habitat in varying flow conditions in area upstream of Narora barrage. We observe that to maintain the minimum flow depth which supports the dolphin habitat in the study reach, an optimal discharge of about >280 m3s−1 is essential. Furthermore, we develop a water‐level (altimeter) and discharge (simulated from GIFT) rating curve for the study reach. It can be used to get a first‐order estimate of discharge for a given water level or vice versa. This study indicates that the altimetry datasets are good precursors for estimating averaged hydraulic habitat of rivers in the data‐scarce regions. The application of altimeter data can be a boon in the effective management of river habitat health over a reach scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IntroductionGift-giving is a prevalent practice in daily life, with experiential gifts being identified in studies as having hedonic and interpersonal advantages, often yielding greater recipient satisfaction compared to material gifts. However, the reception of experiential gifts might not always align with expectations, as material gifts are valued for their enduring qualities. Thus, comprehending the contexts favoring material or experiential gift preferences becomes crucial.MethodsExisting research primarily delves into external influences like income and social proximity, while intrinsic factors such as personal sense of power in interpersonal interactions have received limited attention. Guided by the Agentic-communal Model of Power, we conducted three studies to investigate how personal sense of power impact gift preferences.ResultsOur findings demonstrated that gift preferences are contingent upon personal sense of power. Specifically, those possessing a high personal sense of power exhibited a preference for material gifts over experiential ones, whereas individuals with a low personal sense of power favored experiential gifts over material ones. Further analysis revealed that the relationship between personal sense of power and gift preference is mediated by information processing fluency.DiscussionThis study contributes to the field of gift preferences and sheds light on the role of personal sense of power. By incorporating the Agentic-communal Model of Power, we offer novel insights into the dynamics between personal sense of power and gift preferences. These findings hold valuable implications for managerial strategies concerning gift selection and interpersonal interactions.

A 3 × 2 factorial experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary lysine on growth performance, body indices, feed intake, feed efficiency, whole body nutrient composition and amino acid deposition in two successive generations (16th and 17th) of GIFT (Oreochromis niloticus). Three diets containing different levels of lysine at 1.16%, 1.56% and 2.41% were prepared for the feeding trial. Triplicate groups of fish with an initial body weight of 155 g were fed to apparent satiation for 10 weeks in a recirculating aquaculture system. Apparent digestibility coefficients (ADC) of dry matter, crude protein, crude lipids, and total carbohydrates were measured in the experimental diets. At the end of the experiment, no interactions between dietary lysine levels in diet and fish generation were observed on all parameters except for the condition factor (CF) and ADC of crude protein. However, dietary lysine level significantly affected the final weight, weight gain, thermal unit growth coefficient (TGC), protein efficiency ratio (PER) and ADC of dry matter regardless of the fish generation. Final weight, weight gain and TGC of fish were the highest in fish fed 2.41% dietary lysine in diet or 6.52% lysine in the protein. PER was the lowest in fish fed 1.16% dietary lysine. The final weight and the body's accumulation of isoleucine, phenylalanine, and alanine were significantly affected by the fish generation, with the 17th generation having the best performance. Increase growth and higher lysine requirement observed in the improved generation (17th) compared to the (16th) generation at grow out phase indicating that genetic improvement may have changed the dietary lysine requirement.

This article, entering into the debate on the influence of cultural factors on social action, highlights how a charismatic inspiration, as part of religious culture, could represent a relevant element in social phenomena. In particular, this article proposes an analysis of the role of a specific charismatic inspiration, in relation to the spirituality of the Focolare Movement (FM), in the interreligious field thanks to the “embeddedness” of the social action of its members of different religions in a specific charismatic culture. The analysis aims to understand whether and how this mechanism works by observing a specific Catholic–Muslim phenomenon developed in Algeria since 1966, using an interdisciplinary perspective between sociology and history and the case-study strategy, discovering that what we define as “charismatic embeddedness” could work as a “starting mechanism” generating “interreligious relational goods”.

Tilapia tolerate hypoxia; thus, they are an excellent model for the study of hypoxic adaptation. In this study, we determined the effect of acute hypoxia stress on the antioxidant capacity, metabolism, and gill/liver ultrastructure of male genetically improved farmed tilapia (GIFT, Oreochromis niloticus). Fish were kept under control (dissolved oxygen (DO): 6.5 mg/L) or hypoxic (DO: 1.0 mg/L) conditions for 72 h. After 2 h of hypoxia stress, antioxidant enzyme activities in the heart and gills decreased, while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content increased. In contrast, in the liver, antioxidant enzyme activities increased, and the MDA content decreased. From 4 to 24 h of hypoxia stress, the antioxidant enzyme activity increased in the heart but not in the liver and gills. Cytochrome oxidase activity was increased in the heart after 4 to 8 h of hypoxia stress, while that in the gills decreased during the later stages of hypoxia stress. Hypoxia stress resulted in increased Na+-K+-ATP activity in the heart, as well as hepatic vacuolization and gill lamella elongation. Under hypoxic conditions, male GIFT exhibit dynamic and complementary regulation of antioxidant systems and metabolism in the liver, gills, and heart, with coordinated responses to mitigate hypoxia-induced damage.

Phytate is widely distributed in the plant kingdom, and its significance for human nutrition has been often described. Data on phytate is available in very few composition tables, for a limited number of foods and mainly for raw products. With the aim of publishing the first global repository of analytical data on phytate, data on moisture, phytate, zinc, iron and calcium were compiled. Other aspects, such as the analytical method used, biodiversity and processing, were considered, and phytate: mineral ratios were calculated when possible. From a comprehensive literature search, over 250 references were compiled, generating 3377 entries: 39% for raw and 61% for processed foods. Most of the entries were for cereals (35%), followed by legumes (27%) and vegetables (11%). The most common analytical methods used were indirect precipitation (26%) and anion exchange (25%), while separate determination of IPs is the most recommended. The database can be used as a tool for nutrition workers to include into food composition tables and to develop programmes related to mineral deficiencies. These data will be useful for designing diets with enhanced mineral bioavailability and for improving the estimates for nutrient requirements. The database is available at the INFOODS (www.fao.org/infoods/infoods/tables-and-databases/en) and IZiNCG webpages (www.izincg.org).

Gift and “dolus”: from digital turn to technostress The digital revolution, by reconfiguring our way of being in the world as a stay-always-on, has altered the principle of separation between online and offline. Continuous and unrestricted connection can have negative effects on quality of life and productivity, compromising individual psychosomatic equilibrium. The health effects associated with the pervasive use of digital devices and their applications are often summarised under the term “technostress”. Protracted exposure to an excessive information load determines a response involving the activation of psycho-neuro-endocrine-immunological processes whose alteration plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of the symptoms most frequently associated with technostress. We call this response “e-inflammation”.

Using the tools of phenomenological anthropology and the means of research into everyday practices, the article discusses contemporary gift-giving practices, focusing on the special cases of gift giving, revealed through the narratives of respondents who were interviewed for the research conducted in Lithuania -- a country on the borders of Western, Eastern, and Northern Europe. The analyzed special cases are self-gifts -- the ones purchased by the respondents and originally called "a gift to myself" by them, whereas they emphasize that it was not an ordinary purchase but certainly a gift. This phenomenon is analyzed through a deeper insight into three cases: excerpts of qualitative unstructured interviews conducted for the research and a description of the author's personal experience. In this article, they are presented along with the comments of the author as is characteristic of the phenomenological research. The analysis seeks to reveal how the experiences with self-gifts occur, acquire meaning and place in memory, and how this affects a person's relationship with themselves and those around them. Although the self-gifting practice sounds like a paradox, it exists in the language and everyday practices, so this analysis aims to look for a deeper message encoded behind the words of individual stories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article is a short introduction to the life-long gift-practice of Erasmus—the gifts he received, the gifts he gave, and the symbolic and moral meaning of the gift cycle of reception, gratitude, and reciprocation that pertained to a wide range of exchanges—from small objects to casks of wine to large gifts of money. His book dedications also belonged to that same gift cycle. His management of gifts was driven in part by necessity, as he needed funds and sometimes protection in order to pursue his studies and writing outside the normal framework of institutional structures. Gifts were a sign of his capacity to flourish within the community of friends (and donors) that he was able to draw around himself. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Kansai Sociological Review is the property of Kansai Sociological Association and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)