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Few studies have examined violence against female workers in the industrial sector. This study explored the prevalence of various types of violence and associated factors among female workers in the industrial sector. This descriptive survey was conducted in eleven industrial sites in Kashan, Iran, from April through September 2014. We used a 78-item questionnaire to obtain data from 817 female workers. More than half of the participants reported having experienced at least one type of violence. The prevalence rates of verbal aggression, sexual harassment, and physical violence were 52.5%, 12% and 11.5%, respectively. Single female workers (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 2.06, 95% CI = 1.09–4.27), and age older than 35 years were (AOR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.26–2.93) each significantly related to increased odds of verbal violence. Short duration of employment (≤ five years) was the most strongly associated factor for sexual harassment (AOR = 2.82, 95% CI = 1.7–2.94). Working the night shift was significantly associated with encountering verbal violence (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.69–3.06). The high prevalence of violence suggests that management in industrial workplaces should invest time and resources in addressing violence. Developing a reporting procedure and training programs are recommended in dealing with workplace violence risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Female foreign domestic workers (FDWs) are an important and growing occupational group, especially in the Middle East. Although Sri Lankan female FDWs comprise a significant percentage of those employed in this region, little is known about the health issues this population experiences during their employment. Prompted by this dearth in the extant literature, this study aimed to explore self-reported health problems and perceived causes, as well as health behaviors, beliefs, coping, and concerns of Sri Lankan female FDWs through the narratives of returnees formerly employed in the Middle East. Implementing a multi-faceted qualitative approach, focus group discussions and in-depth interviews were utilized to investigate FDWs' health problems, behaviors, and coping mechanisms. Participants' health beliefs and concerns were explored through free listing and pile sorting. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis and descriptive statistics. Headaches, backache, irregular meals and symptoms of depression were the most frequently self-reported health issues, most commonly attributed to overwork. Cleanliness was the most commonly adopted health maintaining behavior. The presence of cultural health beliefs in terms of illness causation was revealed, and FDWs' spoke of the perceived health benefits of social interaction and religious practice as coping strategies. Findings of this study have several implications for policy and future research. FDWs' concerns and recommendations prompt the need for greater accountability, legal enforcement of policies, and strengthened training and health monitoring. Policy, prevention and intervention measures may be more effective if they consider FDWs' selfreported health problems, health belief models, health maintaining behaviors, concerns and coping strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

PT.X and PT.Y are two companies that is located at Taman district, Sidoarjo Regency in East Java and engaged in the beverage manufacturing and plastic manufacturing industries respectively. As many as 109 respondents were selected using simple random sampling method. Data collection techniques was done by using questionnaires to find out individual factors, work, and psychological factors (work stress) and direct measurement of the work environment (measurement of temperature and noise). Work stress was measured using Job Stress Survey (JSS) by Vagg and Spielberger. Temperature measured using Thermal Environment Monitor, while noise was measured using Sound Level Meter device. Correlation analysis in this study was using contingency coefficient method. The results shows that a total of 63.3% (69 respondents out of total 109) of female workers experienced reproductive health problems. The result of the correlation test showed that the independent variable of parity numbers, work stress, work environment temperature, and work shift has significant effect on reproductive health (p-value < 0.05). This can be seen from the probability value (p-value) of the correlation test. The p-value for parity number variable is 0.000, work stress is 0.000, temperature is 0.044 and work shift is 0.006. The contingency coefficient test sindicate that parity number, workshift, work station temperature, and work stress are asignificant contributor on reproductive health disorders, in this case menstrual disorders and pregnancy disorders in female workers. Therefore it is important for the company to address the issues of work shift arrangement, heat exposure and stress management in the work environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Protection of employees' health and safety affects individual and organizational success. • Based on the experts' risk assessment analysis, jobs with female workers were ranked. • Multi-criteria analysis provided specific and valuable results. • Job in the rough sewing garment is with the highest risk per employee. Care for the protection of employees' health and safety at work is not only a legal and moral obligation, but also an activity that significantly influences individual and organizational success. The risk assessment of the workplace is a precondition for successful implementation of health and safety measures in both workplace and environment. The aim of this work is to rank workplaces from the aspect of risk assessment in the production processes in which women are employed, using the method of multi-criteria decision making. The ranking results point to the workplace in the rough sewing garment as a workplace with the highest risk per employee. Also, the workplace with the lowest risk to health and safety at work is in a production process of the automobile industry. Presented results are significant for improving working conditions, preserving the health of female workers, increasing their satisfaction and better achieving of organizational goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we explore the imbrication of service work with consumer markets and larger structures of inequality, including gender and class divides as well as social and economic differences. In line with current sociolinguistic scholarship on language and work, we are interested in the activity of serving people - both in the sense of being or becoming people who serve as well as in the practice of providing services to people. To do so, we offer an ethnographic account of the regime of labor surveillance as well as the daily work practices of female workers at a Starbucks coffeehouse in London, UK. We wonder about how employers organize the bodies of workers into signs, codes and messages that appeal to customers' class expectations of this type of consumption. By documenting the regimentation and surveillance of labor at Starbucks, we inquire into the prescribed rules that guide 'proper' presentations of physicality; further, we ask questions about the mechanism through which the body at Starbucks is made to express its positioning within a structure of labor and its relationality to others, especially customers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Effort‐reward imbalance (ERI) was hypothesized to be associated with ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and pulse pressure (PP) among female hotel room cleaners. Methods: ERI, ABP, and PP were assessed among 419 cleaners from five hotels during 18 waking hours. Adjusted linear regression models were used to assess associations of ERI with ABP and PP during 18‐hours, work hours, and after work hours. Results: There was a pattern of higher ERI being associated with higher 18‐hour systolic ABP and 18‐hour PP although the results were imprecise. An increase of ERI by half its range was associated with a 1.6 mmHg (95% CI, −1.6‐4.7) increase in 18‐hour systolic blood pressure (SBP) and a 0.7 mmHg (95% CI, −1.1‐2.5) increase in 18‐hour PP. An increase in rewards by half its range was associated with a 2 mmHg decrease in after‐hours SBP (−2.2, 95% CI, −5.4‐1.0) and after‐hours PP (−1.9, 95% CI, −3.8‐0.0). Among females 45 years or older, ERI was associated with 2.1 and 2.2 mmHg increase in 18‐hour and work hours diastolic ABP, respectively, compared to a 0 mmHg change in 18‐hour and work hours diastolic ABP in younger women. The number of dependents at home attenuated the association. Conclusions: ERI was positively associated with ABP, particularly SBP, and the association was modified by age and the number dependents at home, although the estimates were imprecise. Workplace interventions that integrate stress management and active ABP surveillance appear warranted. However, larger studies with Latina women need to confirm our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature has shown that the percentage of females working in the construction industry is less compared to the males. For this reason, issues relating to gender in construction industry have attracted the attention of scholars in recent time. This paper aims to identify the factors influencing females' work in the construction companies operating in Kedah State, Malaysia. Using simple random sampling technique, copies of a structured questionnaire were distributed to 30 female construction workers. The collected data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 20. It was found that both internal and external factors have significant relationship with females' choice of career in the construction company. The factors identified in this study can be useful to the policy makers regarding employment of females in Malaysia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nigeria has a diversified culture with huge cultural resources for entertainment which includes rich songs composed for various social and religious functions. Even though dance movement is involved, traditional music and dance are not structured for physical fitness. This study determined the effects of indigenous aerobic dance music on physiological variables of female civil servants in Lagos, Nigeria. Ethical approval was obtained from the Health Research and Ethics Committee of Lagos State University Teaching Hospital, (LASUTH) and Post Graduate Committee of the Department of Human Kinetics and Health Education. Quasiexperimental pre-test, post-test control group research design was employed in the study. The samples of this study comprised 47 females with age range of 46-55 years. The participants were divided into two groups: (A) 23 females in indigenous aerobic dance music and (B) 24 females in control group. The training programme was performed 3 times a week for eight weeks. Exercise duration was 30-40 minutes per session at an intensity of 60-80% of maximum heart rate. Pre-test and post-test variables of heart rate, systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentages while the inferential statistics of analysis of co-variance was used at 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that significant reductions were observed in all variables tested after the dance program in the experimental group. It was recommended that indigenous music should be integrated into aerobic dance program against foreign music in order to promote exercise adherence, perseverance and improved fitness level in Nigerian women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Female workers are often exposed to various risk factors that potentially threaten their health, including reproductive health. One of the reproductive problems for female worker is a pregnancy disorder. Disorders during pregnancy can result in the occurrence of infant mortality and maternal death. The aim of this study was to analyze the factors associated with maternal health in female workers in Sidoarjo Industrial area. The study was a cross-sectional study with 388 chosen by simple random sampling. Data was analyzed using chi-square. The results showed that there was a correlation between pregnancy disorders and maternal education (p=0.05), work shift (p=0.036), dust (p=0.04), vibration (p=0.009). Maternal and child health is influenced by internal factors such as education level and external factors in the form of work shifts, hazards dust and vibration in the company environment. Industrial management needs to provide health education to reduce the risks of pregnancy disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Vietnam has experienced a strong wave of migrants to urban and industrialized areas. This is a challenge for both local and national governments, which need to address the problems of the poor and socially marginalized, including providing housing for rural-to-urban migrants. Poor housing and the economic burden of house renting are increasingly recognized as determinants of both physical and mental health. Objectives: This paper examined the association between renting accommodation and income satisfaction and living conditions of female workers in light manufacturing industries in Vietnam. Methods: A cross-sectional study was implemented with quantitative survey of 2,818 female workers in 10 light manufacturing factories in 3 industrial zones by a self-administered questionnaire. Results: Over 38% of female workers had to rent accommodation. The average expense for accommodation, water and electricity accounted for 30.1% of renters’ income, which is 7.2% (CI 95%, 5.3–9.3%) higher than for non-renters. A higher proportion of renters than non-renters considered their income was unstable and insufficient for living costs. In addition, only 7.2% of renters reported that their living conditions were suitable, notably lower than non-renters (22.4%). Conclusion: The study showed the economic burden of renting accommodation on workers’ income satisfaction and living conditions. The findings have implications for an adequate housing access strategy for workers including the integration of housing development in the planning and development of industrial zones and factories.

Background and Aim: Caring about workers is important due to protect human capital and economic growth. Understanding health priorities is one of the main challenges of health management. The aim of this research was to priorities health promotion behaviors of female workers. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in 2012 and had a triangulation design with sequential qualitative-quantitative method based on "integrated model of planned behavior and self-efficacy". In the qualitative phase of the study, a content analysis approach was done to develop the questionnaire, based on the model and psychometric properties were assessed. Then, the educational intervention was conducted in an experimental study with randomized sampling in 70 female workers (35 intervention group, 35 controls). The pretest and posttest was compared. Results: Content analysis demonstrated 6 main themes, including the main constructs of the research model: attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy, intention and behaviour in 4 domain (nutrition, exercise, cervical and breast cancer screening, cope with stress). Scale level content validity index was 0.93. Confirmatory factor analysis showed CFI=0.97, GFI=0.95, IFI=0.96, NNFI=0.98, NFI=0.97, RMSEA=0.05. Concurrent validity versus the Health-promoting lifestyle profile II showed r=0.60. Cronbach alpha was 0.75–0.93 across the subscales. Test–retest reliability revealed no significant differences.After educational intervention there was a significant increase in attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, intention and behavior of female workers in intervention group. Also, effect of intervention program was mostly in self-efficacy construct. Conclusion: With regards to working conditions economic and socio-cultural barriers in female workers, health policy making is essential in this group to promote health

Parents returning to work after the arrival of a new son or daughter is an important question for understanding the trajectory of people's lives and professional careers amid current debates about gender equality and work-life balance (WLB). Interestingly, current research concludes that general WLB practices at the workplace may be necessary in the specific case of women returning to work after childbirth because of the particular maternal and infant factors involved. However, WLB practices as a flexible arrangement may work against women because they may be viewed as a lack of organizational commitment. Therefore, research on this topic could benefit from considering supervisor support as a complement of such practices, but previous research has analyzed WLB and supervisor support separately and scarcely. To fill this gap in the literature, we use two sub-samples of 664 female employees and 749 male employees with children under the age of one from 27 European countries participating in the 6th European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS-2015) to study the impact of perceived WLB on European women's perceived well-being after childbirth, in contrast with previous literature. We also analyze the impact of perceived supervisor support (SS) and its interaction with perceived WLB on women's well-being after childbirth, and explore differences with men after childbirth, a collective underexplored by the literature. We find significant gender differences on the relative impact of WLB, SS, and their interaction on perceived job well-being. Our results have important implications for human resource practices in organizations. In particular, they suggest that gendered WLB practices should be encouraged, and stress the relevance of the human factor over human resource practices in addressing the difficulties that women returning to work face after childbirth.

Objective: Health is nothing but a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing not merely the absence of disease. Health depends on life style and requires the promotion of healthy life style. Health is both a consequence of an individual’s life style and factors in determining it. Working pattern or type of work has long been known to influence human health specially. The present study was under taken to evaluate the body status and physiological stress and occupational health hazards of the female workers. Methods: According to the work load the working group was classified in to low physical work group (LPWG) and the moderate type of physical work group (MPWG). Eighty women (forty in each group), excluding pregnant women, were selected from the municipal area of Bhilai, Chhattisgarh, India, aged between 20 to 40 years. The anthropometric measurement and skin fold thickness were taken, from which the body mass index (BMI) and fat percentage were determined. The blood pressure of all the subjects was taken by mercury sphygmomanometer at resting condition. The occupational health hazards were determined by questionnaire technique. Result: The result indicates that the MPWG workers suffer in significantly (p

Background: Cashew nut shell liquid contains 90% anacardic acid and 10% cardol. This liquid when comes in contact topically is said to have deleterious effects both orally and systemically. Aim: The present cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the prevalence of oral submucous fibrosis (OSMF) among 600 cashew nut industrial workers in Kanyakumari district. Materials and Methods: Demographic data and tobacco habits were assessed using pretested questionnaire. Ranganathan K clinical grading system was used to examine OSMF. The data were assessed using SPSS version 11.5. Results: The overall prevalence of OSMF among the study population was 0.002%. Conclusion: The observation from this study clearly indicates that safe working environment prevents occupational hazards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Readymade garment industry is the most crucial export earning industry in Bangladesh. Currently, around 4.5 million workers, of whom 80% are female, are working in the industry. Due to the poor working environment and arduous nature of the job, women workers in the industry are vulnerable to diverse physical and psychological health hazards. A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out among 360 female workers of the garment industry in Dhaka to examine their health issues. The study found respectively 88%, 75% and 55% participants were suffering from headache, hand pain and respiratory complications due to the nature of their work, working posture and dust and chemicals, while 69% participants reported experiencing depression. The causes identified for physical health hazards were uncomfortable sitting positions (79%) and noise (75%), while fear of accidents (75%) was found to be the main reason for psychological troubles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Previously documented elevated hypertension rates among Las Vegas hotel room cleaners are hypothesized to be associated with job strain. Methods: Job strain was assessed by questionnaire. Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) was recorded among 419 female cleaners from five hotels during 18 waking hours. Multiple linear regression models assessed associations of job strain with ABP and pulse pressure for 18‐h, work hours, and after work hours. Results: Higher job strain was associated with increased 18‐h systolic ABP, after work hours systolic ABP, and ambulatory pulse pressure. Dependents at home but not social support at work attenuated effects. Among hypertensive workers, job strain effects were partially buffered by anti‐hypertensive medication. Conclusions: High job strain is positively associated with blood pressure among female hotel workers suggesting potential for primary prevention at work. Work organizational changes, stress management, and active ABP surveillance and hypertension management should be considered for integrated intervention programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inspired by the Marxist feminist thinking of women's "productive" and "reproductive" labour in this paper I attempt to unbundle the multiply interacting labour roles of female estate and apparel workers as they work within the third world (postcolonial) context of Sri Lanka. Drawing on the belief that "knowledge" of women's lives should be grounded in and informed by the material politics of everyday life, especially the daily life struggles for survival of women themselves, I employ ethnography from a feminist perspective as the prime methodological approach of this study. As such my paper unfolds as a "storytelling ethnography" where I narrate the daily life struggles of these female workers as they strive to balance the often conflicting demands on their labour as waged (productive) workers in the estate/factory and unwaged (reproductive) workers at home. Exploring the daily lives of female estate and apparel workers through the duel analytical lenses of Marxist feminism, I see these two groups of women, working under two different work regimes as negotiating the multiple interactions of their productive and reproductive labour in diverse ways; closely interwoven with each other at times and completely separated from each other at others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) may develop with repetitive and forced movements of the hands and wrists. In this study, we have aimed to evaluate whether the frequency of CTS is increased amongst female hairdressers as compared with unemployed women or not. Besides, we have also analyzed whether the functionality and pain intensity levels amongst female hairdressers with CTS are different from the ones of unemployed women with CTS or not.Material and Methods: The consecutive female hairdressers and unemployed women who had referred to our electroneuromyography (ENMG) laboratory for the upper extremity nerve conduction studies were included. They were evaluated in terms of clinical and ENMG findings, socio-demographic characteristics, functionality and pain intensity levels determined with the Boston CTS Questionnaire and visual analog scale (VAS).Results: In this study, 110 women (70 female hairdressers and 40 unemployed women) were included. The frequency of CTS among hairdressers (74.3%) was higher than the one of the unemployed control group (55%) (p = 0.032). We detected that as the time period of occupation in hairdressing increased, the risk of developing CTS also increased among hairdressers (p < 0.001). Additionally, pain intensity and functional loss levels were higher for hairdressers with CTS than those for the control group with CTS (p = 0.005, p < 0.001, p = 0.028, respectively).Conclusions: The frequency of CTS is elevated for female hairdressers with respect to the unemployed women as in many other occupations requiring forced or repetitive hand movements. Besides, the occupational exposure in hairdressing also results in more elevated pain intensity and functional loss levels related with CTS as compared with the unemployed subjects. Int J Occup Med Environ Health 2018;31(3):333-339. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parents returning to work after the arrival of a new son or daughter is an important question for understanding the trajectory of people's lives and professional careers amid current debates about gender equality and work-life balance (WLB). Interestingly, current research concludes that general WLB practices at the workplace may be necessary in the specific case of women returning to work after childbirth because of the particular maternal and infant factors involved. However, WLB practices as a flexible arrangement may work against women because they may be viewed as a lack of organizational commitment. Therefore, research on this topic could benefit from considering supervisor support as a complement of such practices, but previous research has analyzed WLB and supervisor support separately and scarcely. To fill this gap in the literature, we use two sub-samples of 664 female employees and 749 male employees with children under the age of one from 27 European countries participating in the 6th European Working Conditions Survey (EWCS-2015) to study the impact of perceived WLB on European women's perceived well-being after childbirth, in contrast with previous literature. We also analyze the impact of perceived supervisor support (SS) and its interaction with perceived WLB on women's well-being after childbirth, and explore differences with men after childbirth, a collective underexplored by the literature. We find significant gender differences on the relative impact of WLB, SS, and their interaction on perceived job well-being. Our results have important implications for human resource practices in organizations. In particular, they suggest that gendered WLB practices should be encouraged, and stress the relevance of the human factor over human resource practices in addressing the difficulties that women returning to work face after childbirth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last years, the research of the history of Ferenc József University of Cluj has seen a new upswing, mainly due to the cooperation between the research groups from the Universities of Szeged and Cluj. The author of this paper is a member of these research groups, who has been commissioned to research the interaction between the University and Cluj in the framework of the monograph of university history to be published in 2021. Given the fact that it is the centenary of World War I, the aim of this study is to analyse the effects of World War I on Cluj and the University as well. The target of the research is exploring and analysing new sources, since the studies on the history of the University dealing with this topic refer almost exclusively to the memories of Sándor Márki, and there are some cases when this source, too, is misinterpreted. At the same time, the so-far published works of the university history hardly ever refer to archival sources. This is mainly due to the fact that the misfortunes of these archival sources (fragments being located in the archives of three different states) made them inaccessible for researchers. The records of the University Council of the University of Cluj and the records of the Faculty of Humanities have been digitalised in cooperation with the University of Szeged, further processing of these may lead to uncovering new information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal is the property of Selcuk University Social Sciences Institute Journal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Eight in ten female readymade garment (RMG) workers in Bangladesh suffer from anemia, a condition which damages both health and productivity. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a workplace nutrition program on anemia reduction in female RMG workers of Bangladesh. A quasi-experimental mixed method study was conducted on 1310 non-pregnant female RMG workers from four factories. Two types of intervention packages (A and C) were tested against their respective controls (B and D) over a 10-month period. Among factories that already provided lunch to workers with regular behavior change counseling (BCC), one intervention (A) and one control (B) factory were selected, and among factories that did not provide lunches to their workers but provided regular BCC, one intervention (C) and one control (D) factory were selected: (A) Lunch meal intervention package: daily nutritionally-enhanced (with fortified rice) hot lunch, once weekly iron-folic acid (IFA) supplement and monthly enhanced (with nutrition module) behavior change counseling (BCC) versus (B) Lunch meal control package: regular lunch and BCC; and (C) Non-meal intervention package: twice-weekly IFA and enhanced BCC versus (D) Non-meal control package: BCC alone. Body weight and capillary hemoglobin were measured. Changes in anemia prevalence were estimated by difference-in-difference (DID) method. Thematic analysis of qualitative in-depth interviews with RMG workers was performed and findings were triangulated. Anemia was reduced significantly in both lunch meal and non-meal intervention (A and C) group (DID: 32 and 12 percentage points, p: p:

Background: Bangladesh has made significant progress in reducing maternal mortality. Many factors have contributed to this; one is the socio-economic development of the country. The ready-made garment industry is at the forefront of this development creating employment for many women. However, the work environment has the potential to create health problems, particularly for vulnerable groups such as pregnant women. This paper explores perceptions of health problems during pregnancy of factory workers, in this important industry in Bangladesh. Methods: This study was conducted in four factories using qualitative research methods to provide a view of pregnant workers' health risks beyond a bio-medical approach. Data was collected through in-depth interviews of pregnant workers and observations of their homes and workplaces. Further, key informant interviews with factory health care providers, government officials and employers revealed different perspectives and experiences. Data was collected in the local language (Bengali), then transcribed and analysed using a framework analysis approach. Results: Female workers reported that participation in paid work created an opportunity for them to earn money but pregnancy and the nature of the job, including being pressured to meet the production quota, pressure to leave the job because of their pregnancy and withholding of maternity benefits, cause stress, anxiety and may contribute to hypertensive disorders of pregnancy. This was confirmed by factory doctors who suggested that developing hypertensive disorders during pregnancy was influenced by the nature of work and stress. The employers seemed focused on profit and meeting quotas and the health of pregnant workers appeared to be a lower priority. This study found that the government lacks the resources to understand the extent of the problem or the level of compliance with maternity related regulations. Conclusions: These results indicate the vulnerability of female workers to physical and mental stress at work and associations with their health problems during pregnancy. It identifies the deficiencies of family, workplace and health service support for these pregnant workers, highlighting the urgent need for government and non-government organisations to work with this important export industry to improve health surveillance and monitoring and the enforcement of existing laws to protect the rights and conditions of pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Traditionally, women in Bangladesh stayed at home in their role as daughter, wife, or mother. In the 1980s, economic reforms created a job market for poor, uneducated rural women in the ready-made garment industry, mostly located in urban areas. This increased participation in paid work has changed the gender roles of these women. Women's earnings support their family, but they are also separated from their children, with impacts on their mental health and well-being. This study explores the lived experience of women in Bangladesh working in the ready-made garment industry as they strive to be mothers and family providers, often in high-stress conditions. Methods: The study was conducted in two industrial areas of Dhaka over 8 months. Data collection included a literature review, 20 in-depth interviews with married female garment workers, and 14 key-informant interviews with officials from the Ministry of Labour and Employment, health-service providers within the garment factories, factory managers, and representatives of the Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association. The data collected were analyzed thematically. Results: Poverty was a key motivating factor for female migrant workers to move from rural areas. Their children stay in their village with their grandparents, because of their mothers' work conditions and the lack of childcare. The women reported stress, anxiety, restlessness, and thoughts of suicide, due to the double burden of work and separation from their children and family support. Further, they cannot easily access government hospital services due to their long work hours, and the limited medical services provided in the workplace do not meet their needs. Conclusion: In order to improve the health and well-being of female garment workers, steps should be taken to develop health interventions to meet the needs of this important group of workers who are contributing significantly to the economic development of the country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Croatian Journal of Ethnology & Folklore Research / Narodna Umjetnost is the property of Institute of Ethnology & Folklore Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article examines post-war Polish documentary films representing women textile workers from Łódź in order to determine how these films conceptualize their actual socio-economic and political agency in communist Poland. In a brief historical section female workers’ situation is outlined to provide a broader historical, political and social contexts for film analyses. The main aim of close reading of selected documentaries featuring female textile workers from Łódź is to discuss how these films negotiate official gender equity doctrine in communist Poland. The author claims that regardless of their pro- or anti-communist stance, documentary films about female workers do not articulate their subjective agency and, predominantly, serve to support and solidify patriarchal structures of power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of men and women at work is often perceived as guaranteeing equality, but can in fact generate new inequalities that are more persistent because they are less easy to detect. For a long time, in pharmaceutical industry factories, women were exclusively responsible for putting the pills into their boxes. As these manufacturing processes became automated, this job of the 'packer' disappeared, giving way to that of 'plant controllers', employees who often hold a vocational diploma. In this context, 'technical couples' are formed in some factories, resulting in a division of labour in which the women find themselves at the end of the production line, carrying out the most manual tasks. Statistically, factories are moving towards parity, but in fact produce a new unequal division of labour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Journal of Management Studies is the property of Czestochowa University of Technology, Faculty of Management and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Female workers of childbearing age (WUS) as a major of human resources in many agribusiness exposed to anemia. This study aims to improve the iron status of anemic WUS workers with low hemoglobin (Hb) levels, who work in a pineapple agribusiness by iron supplementation. This study was conducted two periods, using a double-blind randomized trial design. Subjects were divided into two treatment groups supplements, namely IF that was given iron + folic acid and MVM that was given multi vitamin and mineral containing 15 different vitamins and minerals including iron and folic acid. The subjects of period-1 were 25 married WUS (IF=13, MVM=12) and of period-2 were 15 single WUS (BF=7, MVM=8). Supplementation performed three times weekly for 10 weeks. After supplementation, the levels of Hb, haematocrit (Hc) and serum ferritin of BF-group increased, whereas there were declines in MVM-group. The increase in Hb and Hc in married WUS was higher than the single. However, their Hb was fallen down when supplementation was continued without supervision and getting down when not given the supplements anymore. Supplementation with iron is a must for WUS workers, because they are not able to increase their Hb if only rely on their food.

Background: Employees’ productivity is closely related with nutritional condition. Nutritional condition can be physically assessed by determining nutrition status. One’s nutrition status is directly influenced by nutrient intake. However, health and nutrition status of an employee in general have not got proper attention that lead to decreasing productivity. Productivity is not only influenced by nutrition status but also by psychological factor that involves motivation. Objectives: To identify association between nutrient intake, nutrition status and motivation and productivity of female workers at production department of Bakpia Pathuk 25 Factory Yogyakarta. Method: The study was a survey that used cross sectional design. Subject of the study were female workers at production department as many as 40 people taken through proportional stratified random sampling technique. Data of subject assessed were nutrient intake (energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein, and Fe), nutrition status, motivation, and productivity. Nutrient intake was assessed using food recall 24 hours within 4 days, nutrition status was specified using anthropometric approach using body mass index (weight/height), motivation was assessed through motivation questionnaire and productivity through quantity of production (raw bakpia) produced by the worker at a time observation (44 minutes for workers at crust production and 1 hour for workers at filing department) within 3 times observation. Result: The result of linear regression analysis showed that association between nutrient intake (energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein and Fe), nutrition status and productivity was r0.05 whereas between motivation and productivity was r=0.901; R2= 0.812; and p=0.000 for variables of wages, intake of energy, Fe and motivation and productivity. Conclusion: There was no significant association between nutrient intake (energy, carbohydrate, fat, protein and Fe) and nutrition status and productivity; there was signifiant association between motivation and productivity. Concurrently only motivation had significant association with productivity.

Background: Shift work has been shown to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) based on several evidences. The classic risk factors of CVD include age, hypertension, smoking, obesity and diabetes. Recently, the serum homocysteine level has been reported to be a valuable indicator of CVD risk. This study aimed to determine the variation in serum homocysteine level as a cardiovascular risk indicator among female workers according to shift work., Methods: The data of regular health examination of workers at an electronic manufacturing services company in Yeongnam region, South Korea in 2019 were examined in this study. The investigation was based on a cross-sectional study conducted on 697 female workers (199 day workers and 498 shift workers). The sociodemographic and biochemical characteristics were compared between day workers and shift workers. Through a logistic regression analysis, the odds ratio (OR) of the increased serum homocysteine level in relation to shift work was determined., Results: Compared to female day workers, female shift workers showed significantly higher level of serum homocysteine (8.85 ± 2.16 vs. 9.42 ± 2.04 μmol/mL; p = 0.001). The OR of day workers against shift workers was 1.81 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-2.63). With the adjustment of variables that may influence the level of serum homocysteine, the adjusted OR was 1.68 (95% CI: 1.09-2.60)., Conclusions: The serum homocysteine level was significantly higher in shift workers than in day workers. It is thus likely to be a useful predictor of CVD in shift workers., Competing Interests: Competing interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (Copyright © 2023 Korean Society of Occupational & Environmental Medicine.)

This study investigates the dynamics of corporate cash holdings. We argue that firms in industries with low remote work feasibility have more incentives to hold cash during COVID-19 because of a precautionary saving motive or to retain their employees. The analysis results consistently show that firms less able to transition to remote work maintain higher cash holdings during COVID-19, and, more importantly, this effect is stronger for firms with more employees. Furthermore, we find that a higher share of female workers is associated more strongly with high levels of cash holdings for firms with low remote work capacity during COVID-19., (© 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

As the women has an important share (49,7%) of the world population, the women has also great importance of the working life. Furthermore, the womenin working life may have more responsibility with household chores and with role of motherhood. In addition, the female workers can face with some problems on the side of hard working conditions because of womanlike unique features.In this context,the purpose of this research is to analyze the problems faced by female workers, and to determine the effects of this problems on their intention to quit. The survey techniques is used as collecting of data. This survey was applied on total of 437 female workers work in hotels in various cities of Turkey (Afyonkarahisar, Ankara, Çankırı, Gaziantep, Muğla, Kırşehir and Uşak). Accordings to the findings, a significant correlation is found between the problems faced by female workers and their tendency to quit. According to the results of analysis, the main problems of women's intention to quit are found as "pay", "additional payments", "the idea of to find better job in better conditions", "gender discriminations" and "long working hours and heavy working conditions". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Aim: Caring about workers is important due to protect human capital and economic growth. Understanding health priorities is one of the main challenges of health management. The aim of this research was to priorities health promotion behaviors of female workers. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in 2012 and had a triangulation design with sequential qualitative-quantitative method based on "integrated model of planned behavior and self-efficacy". In the qualitative phase of the study, a content analysis approach was done to develop the questionnaire, based on the model and psychometric properties were assessed. Then, the educational intervention was conducted in an experimental study with randomized sampling in 70 female workers (35 intervention group, 35 controls). The pretest and posttest was compared. Results: Content analysis demonstrated 6 main themes, including the main constructs of the research model: attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioural control, self-efficacy, intention and behaviour in 4 domain (nutrition, exercise, cervical and breast cancer screening, cope with stress). Scale level content validity index was 0.93. Confirmatory factor analysis showed CFI=0.97, GFI=0.95, IFI=0.96, NNFI=0.98, NFI=0.97, RMSEA=0.05. Concurrent validity versus the Health-promoting lifestyle profile II showed r=0.60. Cronbach alpha was 0.75-0.93 across the subscales. Test-retest reliability revealed no significant differences.After educational intervention there was a significant increase in attitude, subjective norm, perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, intention and behavior of female workers in intervention group. Also, effect of intervention program was mostly in self-efficacy construct. Conclusion: With regards to working conditions economic and socio-cultural barriers in female workers, health policy making is essential in this group to promote health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being granted an official candidacy status in 1999, Turkey has been holding a long-standing relationship with the European Union (EU). Accession negotiations for Turkey started in 2005, yet the process has still been in progress due to several deadlocks in the political sphere of the relations. However, Turkish Parliament has long been passing many reform packages in order to bring Turkey's national legal system in line with the EU Acquis (acquis communautaire) since the early 2000's. Many recent changes have been brought to Turkish Labour Law in that regard. This study aims to provide a comparative and detailed analysis of the legal norms concerning the changing working conditions of Turkish female workers with the EU norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]