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Global crises have become increasingly more frequent and consequential. Yet the impact of these crises is unevenly distributed across countries, leading to discrepancies in (inter)national crisis-regulating institutions' ability to uphold public trust and safeguard their constituents' well-being. Employing the paradigm of citizens as customers of political institutions, drawing on attribution and sociopolitical trust theories, and using the COVID-19 pandemic as an empirical context, the authors investigate how consumers' relative perceptions of local impact following a global crisis affect the psychological processes of institutional trust formation and consumer well-being. Conducting one survey-based study in two countries affected disproportionately by the pandemic's first wave (the United States and Greece) and one experimental study in a third country (Italy) during the pandemic's second wave, the authors find that institutional trust declines more in countries whose citizens hold perceptions of higher relative local impact following a global crisis; institutional blame attributions explain trust erosion; institutional distrust decreases consumer well-being and adherence to institutional guidelines; consumers' globalization attitudes immunize international institutions from blame and distrust; and political conservatives transfer blame and distrust from national to international institutions amid global crises. The findings enrich the institutional branding and trust literatures and have implications for stakeholders involved in global crisis management (e.g., policy makers, political marketers, institutional brand managers). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research considers a new dimension of the effects of the underground sector by examining the spillovers on cryptocurrency holdings. Cryptocurrencies offer a relatively greater ability to dodge taxes and ensure the anonymity of holders, providing attractive avenues for underground operators to stash their informal-sector earnings. Our results, based on data from more than 50 nations, show that a greater prevalence of the underground economy in a nation is indeed associated with greater cryptocurrency holdings. This result holds across an alternative measure of the shadow economy, and when the bi-directional causality between the shadow economy and cryptocurrency holdings is considered. In other noteworthy findings, greater FDI crowded out cryptocurrency holdings, while greater financial globalization and greater economic uncertainty, ceteris paribus, increased them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increase in economic growth, the world is facing serious challenges concerning environmental sustainability. Hence, the green economic growth is imperative for sustainable and inclusive development. The objective of this study is to contribute to the existing literature about the factors that influence green economic growth. The study investigates the role of green technology, green energy, foreign direct investment, and globalization on green economic growth in G7 countries. The data of the study is collected from WDI, KOF Swiss Economic Institute, and OECD database and the data period ranges from 1995 to 2020. The existence of cointegration between the variables of the study was tested by Westerlund's (Oxford Bull Econ Stat 69(6):709–748) cointegration test. Due to the presence of cross-sectional dependency, the study employed the cross-sectional autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL) method to estimate the coefficients in the long and short run. The study also used a common correlated effect—mean group (CCEMG) estimator for robustness check. The findings of the study reveal that green energy and FDI positively contribute to green economic growth in the long and short run. The green technology also contributes positively to enhance green economic growth but only in long run. To accelerate green economic growth, G7 countries should incorporate policies promoting green energy and technology, while acquiring more foreign investments to ensure a sustainable development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Income inequality is an essential cause of violence, stagnant development, and political instability. This study will examine the positive and negative shocks in tourism development, and the distribution of the interaction between tourism development, economic growth, human capital, globalization, and income inequality will be discussed in Singapore, a developed and top-visited country. By adopting autoregressive distributed lag and non-linear autoregressive distributed lag approaches for panel data from 1978 to 2022, the results indicate an asymmetric cointegration among variables, and positive and negative changes in tourism development lead to decreased income inequality. More specifically, the asymmetric effect of tourism is found both in the short- and long-term, and positive shock has a greater impact than negative shock. At the same time, the findings also reveal that economic growth and globalization enhance, while human capital negatively affects income inequality in Singapore. These findings strengthen the belief of Singapore policy-makers and recommend several significant lessons for developing countries to promote tourism, sustainable development, and reduce income inequality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ports are critical centers of international trade and global logistics now that economic globalization has taken hold. The efficiency performance of port logistics is crucial to building an emerging pattern of development in which domestic and foreign dual cycles are complementary for China. This paper examines the efficiency performance of 19 ports within five major economic circles in China. It explores how their efficiency is distributed, and the configurations of efficiency improvement during the new normal of China's economy. First, the DEA-BCC model is employed to calculate the technical efficiency performance and distribution of each port from 2011 to 2020. Then, fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) was applied to integrate and analyze the influencing factors. The results show as follows: (1) Each port group performed differently on efficiency rankings, as well as regional distributions. Among these, the port groups of the Bohai Rim region, the Yangtze River Delta region, and the Bohai Rim region continue to rank highly. (2) From the perspective of configuration analysis, the results suggest that government support is not necessary for port logistics with better economic endowments. However, it is critical for backward ones. (3) A rational industrial structure can enhance levels of infrastructure, openness, and information technology, improving port performance. The findings can provide theoretical and practical references for better promoting the development of Chinese port management.al references for better promoting the development of Chinese port management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green technology innovation (GTI) plays a pivotal role in improving environmental sustainability. Our study fills a significant research gap by investigating how globalization and natural resource depletion (NRD) impact eco‐innovation. Rooted in knowledge spillover and ecological modernization theories, we utilize advanced panel data techniques, an aspect underexplored in empirical studies. Our panel data span G20 countries from 1986 to 2019, further dissected into sub‐panels—BRICS (emerging economies) and G7 (advanced economies). Initial tests reveal cross‐sectional dependencies and slope heterogeneities across all panels, corroborated by Westerlund cointegration test indicating a long‐term equilibrium. Driscoll–Kraay estimator highlights that economic and social globalization significantly drive eco‐innovation, while political globalization deteriorates GTI. The effect of NRD is also negative for G20 and BRICS countries, while G7 economies exhibit lower vulnerability to NRD shocks. Long‐run estimates from CS‐ARDL underscore the positive role of economic globalization in both the short and long run, while the negative role of NRD remains persistent in the long run. Panel quantile regression results prove that the effect of globalization is asymmetric across GTI distribution and varying across underlying groups. NRD, while hindering progress at higher quantiles, supports eco‐innovation at lower quantiles of advanced economies. Panel threshold estimations confirm the positive influence of both globalization and NRD, particularly for highly eco‐innovative nations. These findings bear significant policy implications, charting a path toward sustainable economic growth through the widespread adoption of green technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gharee for Economics & Administration Sciences is the property of Republic of Iraq Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research (MOHESR) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

With the development of economic globalization, oil exploitation and transportation are becoming increasingly prosperous, especially marine oil. This has led to the frequent occurrence of marine oil spill accidents. However, the research and development of traditional oil spill recovery devices are still not perfect enough, and there are still problems such as low recovery efficiency, low level of automation and intelligence, small application range, and a large degree of influence by sea conditions. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the problems of traditional oil spill recovery methods and devices and to design a new type of marine oil spill recovery device based on an embedded system for these problems. Based on the goal of improving recovery efficiency while meeting the demands of harsh environments, the structural design and material selection of the main components are combined with the described working principle, and an experimental program is developed for simulation numerical modeling. Through the feasibility analysis of structure, technology, and handling, it is concluded that the device has high feasibility and provides a new method for offshore oil spill treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Advocates of globalization view it as a key to future improvement; by and large, it is viewed as a positive power for enhanced personal satisfaction, speeding up of economic development, proficient designation of assets and more noteworthy efficiency upgrades. The study investigates and surveys the effect of economic, financial, political and social globalization on poverty reduction in Pakistan. Various proxies have been used for all types of globalization and indices for them are generated through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). The motivation behind index construction is to foresee outcomes on poverty through the easily available data on globalization. Time series data on Pakistan‟s economy from 1988 – 2023 had been used to capture effects on poverty reduction in the presence of ARDL approach. Considering the revelations, the research proposes that economic, financial, political, globalization, and globalization contribute to poverty reduction. The results of social globalization show no negative impacts on poverty. This can be due to the increasing awareness and conscious regarding brands and contributes more towards relative poverty. Henceforth, policymakers ought to build the inflow of FDI, increase remittances and trade through security procurements to financial specialists, political dependability and macroeconomic steadiness. Upgradation in import substitutes, commercial ventures, and numerous different variables are required to control destitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We introduce this special issue with an elaboration of the concept of human rights globalization as a dynamic process that involves local and global action by civil society and other actors to strengthen governments' accountability to global human rights norms and standards. This process challenges economic globalization that prioritizes international trade and financialization over human rights. Recent decades have seen growing movements of activists appealing to global human rights norms as they mobilize popular pressure on local and national authorities. We provide a brief overview of contributions to this special issue, which describe these movements and their impacts on the long-term strengthening of global human rights governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To what extent do party positions influence voters' attitudes toward the economic and political aspects of globalization? Initially an issue following a left-right dimension of conflict, globalization increasingly divides mainstream from nonmainstream parties. In this study, I argue that parties help citizens form opinions on globalization issues. I then use data on voters' attitudes and party positions on globalization to test this supply-side theory of globalization attitudes on both economic and political dimensions. Holding demand-side factors such as economic self-interest and predispositions/values constant, I find that party positions strongly affect voters' views on economic and political globalization, with the effect being similar to that of education. Moreover, I find that the effect of cues from left- and right-populist parties is much more negative than that of mainstream parties, replicating previous elite-level findings on the positioning of these party families. Finally, green party cues show conflicting results for the economic and political dimensions, with green cues affecting voters negatively on economic globalization but positively on political globalization. The findings in this study call for a deeper exploration of the supply-side determinants of globalization attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clarifying China's position in the global system is an important logical basis for developing national diplomacy. Although much research has been done on China's development status, most studies have been based on country comparisons or institutional environment. In today's networked era in which the global economy, trade, personnel, and information are closely connected, studies on China's global position and its status changes and influencing factors in multiple contact networks are still insufficient. In this study, from the perspective of diverse global contact networks, we constructed economic, cultural, and political influence indices to explore the changes and influencing factors on China's status in the global system from 2005 to 2018. The results show that during the study period, China's global influence in the fields of economic ties, cultural exchanges, and political contacts increased significantly, but its influence in the fields of cultural exchanges and political contacts lagged far economic ties. The pattern of China's economic influence on various economies around the world has shown a transformation from an 'upright pyramid' to an 'inverted pyramid' structure. The proportion of these economies in low-influence zones has decreased from more than 60% in 2005 to less than 20% in 2018. China's cultural and political influence on various economies around the world has increased significantly; however, for the former, the percentage of high-influence areas is still less than 20%, whereas for the latter the percentage of these economies in medium- and high-influence areas is still less than 50%. Analyses such as a scatter plot matrix show that geographical proximity, economic globalization, close cooperation with developing countries, and a proactive and peaceful foreign policy are important factors in improving China's status in the diverse global network system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Soziologie is the property of Campus Verlag GmbH and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To examine globalisation processes in Poland in the years 2000-2022 and to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia's aggression against Ukraine on the further development of those processes. Research Design & Methods: The article analyses elements included in the KOF Globalisation Index describing economic, social and political globalisation in the years 2000-2022. Findings: In the years 2000-2020, Poland was highly internationalised politically, semi-internationalised socially and the least internationalised economically. The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and Russia's aggression against Ukraine clipped international trade, while the value of portfolio investments and FDI in Poland increased. At the same time, the number of tourists visiting Poland declined significantly, civil liberties were restricted during the pandemic, and Poland's media freedom ranking fell, as did the balance of immigrants seeking permanent residence in the country. In the face of Russia's aggression against Ukraine, many countries have imposed sanctions on Russia, strengthening international cooperation. Implications / Recommendations: The COVID-19 pandemic and the war in Ukraine sped up some economic and social processes but slowed others. Changes in globalisation processes in Poland in the coming years will depend on the duration of the Ukrainian-Russian conflict. There is a need for further research on these issues. Contribution: This study will help understand the new challenges Poland is facing from these crises. Article type: original article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the causes of falling labour share in OECD and non-OECD countries since the 1980s by using Karabarbounis and Neiman's (2014) labour share model. While both groups of countries experience an elasticity of substitution between capital and labour, the factors driving down labour share are different. In OECD countries, export and volatility are key drivers, but in non-OECD countries, the significant factors are financial openness and the capital's relative price. Overall, technological advancement – as reflected by declining capital's relative price – coupled with globalization and low economic risk are key factors in explaining a long-term decline of labour share worldwide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The China's Belt and Road Initiative and the EU's Global Gateway projects are based on the idea that high‐quality infrastructures are key for countries to benefit from globalisation. This article investigates the economic growth effect of globalisation using a panel of 117 countries over the period 1980–2019 and explores whether the state of infrastructure in countries matters. Based on the assumption that there are winners and losers of globalisation, we hypothesize that the effect of globalisation on economic growth differs across groups of countries with similar but unobserved characteristics. Therefore, the article incorporates the potential presence of hidden heterogeneity and tries to explain group membership of countries based on the quality of infrastructure. The finite mixture model regression shows that the effect of globalisation on growth differs across two different groups of countries. While the effect is insignificant in the first group, globalisation spurs economic growth in the second group. In addition, we find that countries with a better quality of infrastructure are more likely to be in the class where globalisation fosters economic growth. The results are robust to a battery of robustness checks. The article provides evidence that countries should improve the quality of infrastructure to fully reap the benefit of globalisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the appearance of potential risks and benefits brought about by environmental, social, and governance factors, various industries are aware of the importance of sustainable investment. Undeniably, sustainable investing has become an important force for change in different industries, especially in financial markets. However, the current state of research in this field remains unexplored, with the specific research focus and the role of countries in economic globalization and sustainable development remaining undocumented. To address this issue, this article presents a bibliometric analysis of sustainable investments in financial markets using data extracted from the Scopus database. The study explores the current state of research on sustainable investing in financial markets and identifies potential directions for future research by analysing a total of 1,794 academic articles published in leading finance and sustainability journals between 1982 and April 2023. This analysis further examines the relationship between national academic collaboration and key research themes. Analysis of the results shows that the United States, China and the United Kingdom rank among the top three in the number of publications in the field of sustainable investment research. Developing countries such as China and India are also gradually increasing their attention in this field and gradually assuming corresponding responsibilities. The keyword co-occurrence analysis further highlights the vital role of the core concepts of “Investment”, “Commerce”, “Costs” and “Climate Change” and “Energy policy” in sustainable investment research and practice. The findings of this quantitative bibliographic analysis will be of significant value to researchers, policymakers and practitioners interested in sustainable investing and its role in shaping the future of finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quest for ecological sustainability while reducing the impacts of environmental deterioration has become a worldwide endeavour. Furthermore, it is unclear how developing economies such as Brazil can considerably improve environmental quality (EQ). This paper contributes to the ongoing literature by evaluating the effect of green finance, economic growth, political risk, social globalization and green innovation on environmental quality in Brazil. The study used data spanning between 2000Q1 and 2018Q4. Unlike other investigations, the current study used load capacity factor as a proxy for environmental quality, which considers both demand and supply sides of environmental issues. The current study applied the novel dynamic ARDL to capture the short and long‐run nexus. The bootstrap causality test was also applied to capture causal connection instabilities over time. The results of this study are as follows: (1) a significant and positive association was found between political risk, green finance, green innovation and social globalization environmental quality; (2) a significant and negative interplay was detected between economic growth and environmental quality; (3) The time‐varying causality shows a feedback causality at various periods between political risk, green finance, green innovation, economic growth, social globalization and environmental quality. This study also serves as a reference point for governments and policymakers in terms of investing in eco‐friendly technologies in order to improve environmental quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, we aim to investigate the effects of remittance on sustainable economic development in 52 developing and emerging economies from 1996 to 2021. The study uses other variables such as real GDP per capita, total natural resource rents, globalization, and foreign direct investment. To achieve the mentioned objective, we apply a series of second-generation panel estimation approaches. These include CIPS unit root, Westerlund cointegration, cross-sectional augmented autoregressive distributed lag (CS-ARDL), and robustness using augmented mean group (AMG) and common correlated mean group (CCEMG). These methods are useful provided they are robust towards cross-country dependencies, slope heterogeneity, endogeneity, and serial correlation, which are disregarded in the conventional panel estimations. The empirical findings indicate that remittance accelerates sustainable economic development. Additionally, real GDP per capita and globalization also positively contribute towards sustainable economic development. However, total resource rents deteriorate sustainable economic development. This study offers key policy implications based on the empirical findings for the developing and emerging economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Incorporating circular economy principles into forward-thinking public procurement strategies enhances sustainability through the promotion of resource efficiency, sustainable sourcing, and extended producer responsibility. This approach not only encourages innovation and collaboration among suppliers but also drives the development of solutions aligned with circular economy goals. The ultimate result is a more cost-effective and environmentally friendly outcome in procurement. This article seeks to investigate the intersection of circular economy principles within the framework of an innovative public procurement system. The study explores the influence of globalization on this innovative public procurement paradigm, addressing both the challenges and opportunities inherent in the process. The study conceptualizes Innovative Public Procurement (IPP) as a strategic approach where public entities acquire goods, services, works, and utilities, emphasizing an optimal balance between price and quality. The central goal is to generate innovative benefits for both entities and society, all while minimizing adverse environmental effects. Employing traditional research methods, including the monographic method, document analysis, and comparison, the study illustrates how public procurement practices can be opened to innovators, including start-ups and innovative SMEs. The findings shed light on the challenges faced by these entities in navigating the procurement landscape, while emphasizing the potential opportunities arising from the synergy between innovative procurement practices and the circular economy. By adopting a holistic perspective that considers the full lifecycle costs and environmental impacts of goods and services, procurement decisions can prioritize options offering superior long-term value. This contributes to the broader transition towards a circular economy, effectively minimizing adverse effects on the environment... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aims to explore the value of geographic diversification in the context of deglobalization, drawing evidence from a quasi-natural experiment – the Brexit referendum that took place on 23 June 2016 in the UK. Design/methodology/approach: This study applies an event study methodology to estimate the impact of the Brexit vote on a cross-section of firms with varying levels of geographic diversification – undiversified UK firms, UK firms with significant operations in the European Union (EU) and globally diversified UK firms. This study deploys a Heckman two-stage regression approach to address sample selection bias. Findings: This study finds that undiversified UK firms experienced negative cumulative abnormal returns (CARs) around the Brexit referendum. The value of UK firms with majority sales within the UK declined by 0.9 percentage points, on average, in the three days centred on the Brexit referendum. In contrast, UK firms that are globally diversified, with the majority of sales within the EU are unaffected, while diversified firms in the rest of the world generated positive CARs of 1.8 percentage points over the same period. These results are robust to firm characteristics, selection bias and alternative measures of CARs and diversification. Research limitations/implications: This study is subject to some limitations that open avenues for future work. There are a few available proxies of diversification and further work on developing other proxies is much needed. Further work may also examine the long-term impact of diversification on UK firms. This study considered Brexit as a quasi-natural experiment, and this study could be applied to other deglobalization events like COVID-19 and can enhance the generalizability of diversification strategy in the deglobalized world. Findings may stimulate future work to explore how another form of diversification – product diversification has affected firm returns around Brexit. Finally, this study has focused on the UK as its base case. It may be interesting to corroborate the findings by exploring the impact of Brexit on European firms, who hitherto Brexit, had some operations in the UK. Practical implications: This work offers some insights for policymakers and regulators around the impact of deglobalization on local firms. Findings suggest that these trends significantly negatively impact the most vulnerable firms (smaller firms with less global reach), while their larger counterparts with significant global reach might be insulated. This finding is important for determining the nature of support needed by different firms in times of deglobalization. The work also offers insights to managers of firms operating in countries where there are real prospects of deglobalization. Specifically, the work highlights the importance of geographic diversification when free movement of goods, services and people is restricted. Originality/value: This study shows that a certain group of globally diversified firms earned significantly higher returns from the prospect of the UK leaving the EU, thereby highlighting the value of geographic diversification in a time of deglobalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nativist political movements are globally ascendant. In advanced democracies, rising anti‐immigrant politics is in part a backlash against economic globalization. In emerging economies, where nativists primarily target internal migrants, there is little investigation of whether trade liberalization fuels antimigrant sentiment, perhaps because trade benefits workers in these contexts. I argue that global economic integration causes nativist backlash in emerging economies even though it does not dislocate workers. I highlight an alternative mechanism: geographic labor mobility. Workers strategically migrate to access geographically uneven global economic opportunity. This liberalization‐induced mobility interacts with native–migrant cleavages to generate nativist backlash. I explore these dynamics in the Indian textile sector, which experienced a positive shock following global trade liberalization in 2005. Using a difference‐in‐differences analysis, I find that exposed localities experienced increased internal migration and nativism, manifesting in antimigrant rioting and nativist party support. Liberalization can fuel nativism even when its economic impacts are positive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaysia's rapid economic development, although remarkable, has resulted in a significant contribution to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Southeast Asia. Despite this environmental challenge, Malaysia is actively working to reduce its carbon footprint. However, a limited understanding persists regarding how economic globalization (EGB), gross domestic products (GDP), financial development (FD), population density (PD), and energy consumption (ENC) intricately influence the country's ecological footprint (EP). To address this gap, this study examines both symmetrical and asymmetrical short‐ and long‐term impacts of EGB, GDP, FD, PD, ENC, and EP in Malaysia using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) and nonlinear ARDL cointegration methods, analyzing data from 1984 to 2021. The findings reveal both symmetrical and asymmetrical long‐term relationships between these variables and the ecological footprint, particularly concerning financial development. The results indicate that, as financial development increases, there is a reduction in Malaysia's ecological footprint. This implies that a more developed financial sector may contribute to environmentally sustainable practices or investments. The study's revelation that economic globalization is associated with an increase in Malaysia's ecological footprint raises important considerations. This finding may prompt a closer examination of the environmental consequences of global economic integration, emphasizing the need for sustainable development practices. The acknowledgment that both positive and negative changes in economic globalization led to decreased ecological footprints adds complexity to the relationship. This suggests that not all aspects of economic globalization have uniformly negative ecological consequences. Understanding these nuances is crucial for formulating balanced and informed environmental policies. These findings carry significant policy implications. Policymakers may need to consider the dual impact of economic globalization and the beneficial role of financial development in crafting effective environmental policies. Incorporating environmental considerations into economic planning can help strike a balance between economic development and ecological conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid increase of economic globalization, the significant expansion of shipping volume has resulted in shipping route congestion, causing the necessity of trajectory prediction for effective service and efficient management. While trajectory prediction can achieve a relatively high level of accuracy, the performance and generalization of prediction models remain critical bottlenecks. Therefore, this article proposes a dual-attention (DA) based end-to-end (E2E) neural network (DAE2ENet) for trajectory prediction. In the E2E structure, long short-term memory (LSTM) units are included for the task of pursuing sequential trajectory data from the encoder layer to the decoder layer. In DA mechanisms, global attention is introduced between the encoder and decoder layers to facilitate interactions between input and output trajectory sequences, and multi-head self-attention is utilized to extract sequential features from the input trajectory. In experiments, we use a ro-ro ship with a fixed navigation route as a case study. Compared with baseline models and benchmark neural networks, DAE2ENet can obtain higher performance on trajectory prediction, and better validation of environmental factors on ship navigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Malaysia's commitment to ecological quality is evident in its agendas for achieving a sustainable environment by 2030. However, hindrances like challenges towards energy transition efforts, stable political institutions, unclean economic globalization practices, and transiting to a complex economy could potentially delay the nation's attainment of its environmental goals. Against this backdrop, the current study focuses on examining the roles of political risk, economic globalization, energy transition, and economic complexity on ecological sustainability in Malaysia. In contrast to previous studies, this study innovatively incorporates a dummy variable to account for potential structural breaks that may occur during the study period. Furthermore, this study used an innovative environmental proxy which incorporates both the demand and supply aspect of the environment during computation. Using the time series data from 1984 to 2018 and employed the ARDL estimator method, the empirical results indicate that economic globalization is associated with ecological deterioration in Malaysia in the long run. On the other hand, economic complexity, political stability, and energy transition are shown to promote ecological sustainability in Malaysia in the long run. Moreover, the bootstrap time varying causality method demonstrates that each of the regressors has the capacity to predict the load capacity factor during distinct sub-periods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of the economic globalization, there is an increased disruption risk in the supply chain network due to the outsourcing, complexity and uncertainty. At the same time, the disruption may propagate across the entire supply chain network because of the interdependence. With the resource constraints, appropriate recovery strategies which can minimize the impact of disruption propagation and effectively improve the supply chain network resilience have attracted a great deal of attention. In this paper, we first construct the disruption propagation model considering the recovery strategy based on the characteristics of the competitiveness, time delay and underload cascading failure in the supply chain network. This model uses the memetic algorithm to determine the set of recovery nodes among all disruption nodes, which can minimize the impact of disruption propagation. And then, the simulation analysis is conducted on the synthetic network and the real-world supply chain network. We compare the proposed recovery strategy with other strategies (according to the genetic algorithm, according to the descending order of the load of failure node, according to the ascending order of the load of failure node, according to the descending order of the node degree, according to the ascending order of the node degree) and provide decision-making reference against supply chain disruptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a book review discussing three books on the topic of authoritarianism. The books analyze different aspects of authoritarian regimes and their longevity. The authors have diverse perspectives and sometimes contradict each other. The books explore topics such as the strategies used by autocrats to maintain power, the role of violence in authoritarian durability, and the impact of manipulative techniques on regime survival. The article raises questions about the future of authoritarianism, the potential for new forms of violent dictatorships, and the influence of major crises on public demand for strongmen. Overall, these books contribute to the study of authoritarian politics and provide valuable insights into the challenges and dynamics of autocratic regimes. [Extracted from the article]

I examine whether union membership affects individual foreign direct investment (FDI) preferences in ways that vary across investors' country of origin. I argue that the country of FDI origin will bear upon how union members assess FDI, because it provides cues about what the economic prospects of (unionized) workers will look like under different foreign investors. I argue that the salient attribute of foreign investors is whether they originate from a country that is an important form of patient or impatient capital. Compared with non-members, members will be more supportive of FDI from countries embodying patient than impatient capital. Specifically, I expect the (positive) gap in support between FDI from patient and FDI from impatient capital countries to increase with union membership. Conversely, I expect the (positive) gap in support between FDI from impatient versus patient capital countries to decrease with membership. Evidence from original Swiss survey data corroborates my argument. Respondents were asked to evaluate FDI from China and Europe (entities embodying patient capital) and from the United States (a country embodying impatient capital). The results show that the gap in enthusiasm for European FDI versus American FDI increases with union membership, while the gap in enthusiasm for American FDI versus Chinese FDI decreases with membership. Complementary qualitative analysis of reports, documents, and testimonies by trade unions in continental Europe show that their views are in sync with those of their members, suggesting that unions shape their members' FDI preferences. The findings have important implications for the politics of backlash against economic globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Growth Strategy Analysis at the Wuling Motors Kumala Makassar Company as a Response to Facing the Challenges of Economic Globalization, is a research to get an overview of the company's internal strengths, market opportunities, company potential based on internal and external factors, as well appropriate growth strategies for carried out in operating the company. The aim of this research is to determine the company's response to facing the challenges of economic globalization that occur in Indonesia, especially in the automotive market segment in the marketing area of South Sulawesi, and Indonesia in general. This research method uses a qualitative approach, where the theoretical basis used refers to the opinions of several experts, in the form of books, journals, articles and other scientific writings related to this research. The data analysis used in this research is SWOT analysis (Rangkuti, Freddy. 2006. "SWOT Analysis Technique for Dissecting Business Cases: Reorienting Strategic Planning Concepts to Face the 21st Century"). From this research, the results obtained show that the Wuling Motors Kumala Makassar company is currently in a major strongth with large market opportunities, where the company's current position is also showing good growth. Based on this, the Wuling Motors Kumala Makassar company can implement an intensive growth strategy with differentiation, namely selling the latest Wuling car products, both in terms of technology, models and cheap prices offered as one of the responses to challenges of globalization economy in Indonesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The recent success of far‐right populism has led to a wave of public attention to its causes. Drawing on novel survey items from the Canadian Election Study, we investigate how economic insecurity, mediated by immigration and feminist attitudes, affects voting behavior. While economic distress has been linked to far‐right voting in Europe, we find support that subjective measures of economic distress are significantly associated with voting for the Right in Canada, when interacting with immigration and feminist attitudes. However, the association only holds for men. The findings suggest that Canada, despite its comparatively weak nativist cleavage, is not immune to tensions arising from globalization and economic insecurity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nowadays globalization seems to be an irresistible phenomenon that affects all countries around the world, including developed and developing countries. In that context, the purpose of this paper is to check whether increasing globalization level spreads happiness in Africa. We employ a dynamic panel data model on 34 African countries over the period 2006–2019 to assess the effect of globalization on happiness. We used the two-step system generalized method of moments estimator to control for potential endogeneity of regressors and unobserved heterogeneity. We find that globalization is positively associated with happiness. Among the sub-indexes of globalization, economic and political globalization enhance happiness while social globalization worsens happiness. In addition, the effects of globalization on happiness are sensitive to the level of human development, democratization and natural resource wealth. Specifically, the positive effect of globalization turns out to be more robust in democratic and non-oil producing countries than in autocratic and oil-producing countries. Similarly, the effects of globalization are positive in high-human development countries while these effects remain negative in low-human development countries. Furthermore, the results also show that unemployment and inflation are the channels through which economic globalization positively affects happiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Examining relationship between Renewable Energy, Green Economic Growth, and Trade Openness in G-20. • The panel data of G-20 countries over the period from 1990 to 2018. • Dynamic simulated ARDL method for investigating the short run and long run association. • Economic growth and economic globalization have impact on both the short and long run-on renewable energy. • Trade openness is not influenced by renewable energy in both the short and long run. The nexus between renewable energy and green economic growth is multifaceted and promising. By transitioning to renewable energy sources, countries can simultaneously address climate change, promote sustainable development, and stimulate economic growth. The past few decades have seen increasing environmental hazards because of the ecological pressure exerted by humanity. Attaining sustainable development without harming the environment has immense importance in recent strands of literature. Thus, we employ novel dynamic ARDL simulations to explore the significance of the renewable energy and green economic growth nexus in both the short and long run, for large developed countries. Our findings indicate that green economic growth and economic globalization significantly enhance renewable energy consumption, and there is a long-term cointegration among the variables. The study further reveals that emissions are considerable despite the adoption of renewable energy in these highly industrialized countries. By prioritizing the transition to renewable energy, creating green jobs, enhancing energy efficiency, fostering innovation and research, and strengthening international cooperation, G-20 countries can lay the foundation for a sustainable and prosperous future. It is imperative that these policy implications are implemented effectively to address the urgent challenges of climate change and promote green economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is an editorial introduction to the journal "Japanese Political Economy." It features two papers that discuss the development of Marxian money theory in the tradition of the Uno School. The first paper by Ehara and Imai explores the development of money theory in the Japanese Uno tradition, focusing on Kozo Uno's three-level approach to Marxian Political Economy. The second paper by Tsuyoshi Yuki examines the contributions of Unoist thinkers to the triangular debates of money theory in Japan, particularly the differences between old-Unoists and neo-Unoists. The document also includes research papers on topics such as Keynesian economics, exchange rate misalignment, and the evolution of postwar capitalism. [Extracted from the article]

The emerging new global socioeconomic system is marked by a complex tapestry of multifaceted challenges, significantly reshaping the past global architecture. In the context of international political economy, the current era might be more accurately described as "new globalization." This field has recently begun to integrate the effects of the Russo-Ukrainian War, which erupted in February 2022, into its analytical framework. This military showdown exemplifies the complex and interrelated political, economic, and technological challenges inherent in the emerging new globalization. This paper delves into the potential ramifications of the Russo-Ukrainian War on the unfolding trajectory of new globalization, utilizing the analytical approach of the "Evolutionary Structural Triptych" (EST). This critical review of pertinent literature suggests that the war may increase the likelihood of diminished returns during the current phase of the emerging new globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Are all countries in Sub-Saharan Africa equally benefiting from the deployment of Information and Communications Technology and economic globalization? In order to provide an answer to this question, the present study examined the impacts of Information and Communications Technology and economic globalisation on the growth of per capita GDP in 44 countries of the Sub-Saharan Africa region during 2004–2019. This study uses the neoclassical Aggregate Production Function, which incorporates a comprehensive measure of Information and Communications Technology infrastructure and economic globalization. In general, Moments Quantile methods indicate that despite economic globalization and Information and Communications Technology services having statistically significant positive effects on growth, the effects are negligible. A more important finding is that the impact of Information and Communications Technology and economic globalization on growth diminished as per capita GDP increased. Comparatively to countries with relatively higher growth rates in the Sub-Saharan Africa region, countries with lower growth rates will benefit more from expanding their Information and Communications Technology sector and globallyizing their local economies. Accordingly, countries with relatively lower per capita GDP growth in the Sub-Saharan Africa region need to allocate more resources to develop their Information and Communications Technology sector and continue to integrate their local economies with global markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper empirically investigates the relative effectiveness of economic globalization, trade openness, and financial openness on income inequality in low-, middle-, and high-income countries for the panel data over the period from 1991 to 2020 by endogenizing economic growth, urbanization, agriculture, industry, and service sectors' value-added as % of GDP as control variables in income inequality function. The results emanating from the panel pooled mean group-autoregressive distributed lag (PMG-ARDL) test provide evidence of a significant long-run relationship among the variables. Interestingly, economic globalization reduces income inequality for high- and middle-income countries and increases it in low-income countries. On the other hand, trade openness reduces income inequality in high- and middle-income countries but increases it for low-income countries. In contrast, financial openness lessens income inequality in low-income countries but increases it for middle- and high-income countries. We find that urbanization increases income inequality in low-, middle- and high-income countries. We also find that economic growth decreases (increases) income inequality in high (middle and low)-income countries. Moreover, it is found that industrial and service sectors' output decrease (increases) income inequality in high (middle and low)-income countries, whereas agricultural output improves (deteriorates) income distribution in middle- and low- (high) income countries. In light of these findings, we suggest that the governments of low-income countries need to focus more on improving the level of globalization and trade openness to improve their economic conditions in long run. Both high- and middle-income countries should also improve their financial openness so that effective utilization of overseas finance will flourish their overall economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last two decades, financial inclusion has dramatically augmented the accessibility and affordability of financial services and significantly contributes towards economic development; however, its environmental implications cannot be ignored. In this context, this study investigates the impact of financial inclusion on CO2 emissions in Asia–Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) countries. Furthermore, we analyze the moderating role of technological innovation and economic globalization in the relationship between financial inclusion and CO2 emissions. Drawing on the data from 2004 to 2018, advanced econometric techniques robust to cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity are employed. The augmented mean group (AMG) outcome reveals that financial inclusion and renewable energy consumption significantly promote environmental sustainability by reducing CO2 emissions. On the other hand, economic growth and economic globalization damage environmental quality by increasing CO2 emissions. The findings further unfold that financial inclusion fosters environmental sustainability through the channel of technological innovation. Additionally, the interaction term effect of financial inclusion with economic globalization poses an unfavorable impact on environmental quality. Besides, Dumitrescu and Hurlin (D-H) non-causality test revealed the unidirectional casualty between financial inclusion, renewable energy, and CO2 emissions, while feedback hypothesis among economic globalization, technological innovation, economic growth, and CO2 emissions. In line with these crucial findings, this study recommends that the APEC countries should promote financial inclusion along with technological innovations and, at the same time, integrate economic globalization with the climate change policies to achieve sustainable development goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of the global economy, trade between nations is becoming more and more closer in the context of economic globalization. People's pursuit of a happy life has also reached a new level, with financial freedom being a goal that an increasing number of people are pursuing on their path to happiness. The objective of this research is to examine in detail the ideas of financial freedom presented in the book "Rich Dad Poor Dad" and to investigate how these ideas may be more effectively applied to individual financial planning in order to attain financial independence, taking into account the current socioeconomic climate. This study employs a range of research methodologies, such as the literature research method, case study method, and qualitative analysis method. It begins by introducing the idea and significance of financial freedom, then analyzes the book's central financial concepts, and finally offers recommendations and strategies for achieving financial freedom in the context of the contemporary socioeconomic environment. The paper concludes by summarizing the findings and anticipating the direction of additional research on financial independence. Changing one's financial concepts, investing in financial education, and generating passive income are the keys to achieving financial freedom, according to this study, which was conducted after extensive research and analysis of the book Rich Dad, Poor Dad. People can also become more financially independent by having a deeper understanding of these concepts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under current conditions of growing interdependence of national economies, global supply chains are being transformed and trade flows are being reoriented. The dynamics and scale of these processes are largely determined by the efficiency of international transport corridors. Investments in transport corridors have a significant multiplier effect on the entire economy by stimulating the development of transport and logistics and related sectors of the economy, creating a growing demand in labour markets, and developing global value chains, international production, trade and logistics networks. The purpose of the article is to study the impact of international transport corridors on the development of territories at the national and regional levels. The use of descriptive statistics allowed to assess the impact of international transport corridors on the level of economic development, trade openness and foreign trade volumes based on the analysis of data from 121 countries. The links between the zones of influence of international transport corridors and other functional types of territories in Ukraine were investigated. The territorial coefficient of environmental load in the context of Ukrainian regions was calculated. The results of the study will be useful for both researchers in the field of logistics and transport infrastructure development and policymakers in the field of transport and economic policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides the evidence of a fall of markups of price over marginal costs in Poland over the period 2002–2016. Markups were calculated using a census of firms and the methodology proposed by De Loecker and Warzynski (2012; American Economic Review, 102(6)). The fall of markups is robust to several empirical identification strategies. Moreover, the decline of markups is not related to changes in a sectoral composition and firms demography and is most severe in exporting firms. Our empirical results relate the fall of markups to the globalisation and the emergence of the Global Value Chains. We show that an increasing reliance on imported components in production, together with a rising concentration of domestic firms on export markets are the main factors behind the observed compression of markups. We also document a hump‐shaped (U‐shaped) relationship between foreign value added in exports (distance from final demand) and markups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Globalised firms manage face‐to‐face contacts for distant communications. Based on our survey on the responses of Japanese firms to the COVID‐19 pandemic, we find that firms that exported, imported, or directly invested abroad more before the pandemic tend to adopt remote work significantly more frequently during the pandemic. We confirm this relationship even after controlling for compositions of occupations, and various firm attributes. The effect of arm's‐length trade, not intra‐firm trade, is especially evident. These suggest that pre‐pandemic experiences in coordinating across borders are likely to facilitate the adoption of remote work during the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the intensification of economic globalization and the impact of global warming, the development of methods to reduce shipping costs and reduce carbon emissions has become crucial. In this study, a multi-objective optimization algorithm was designed to plan the optimal ship route for safe cross-ocean navigation under complex sea conditions. Based on the traditional non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm, considering ship stability and complex marine environment interference, a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm model considering energy consumption was designed with the energy consumption and navigation time of the ship as the optimization objectives. The experimental results show that although the proposed method is 101.23 nautical miles more than the large ring route, and the voyage is increased by 10.1 h, the fuel consumption is reduced by 92.24 tons, saving 6.94%. Compared with the traditional genetic algorithm, the voyage distance and time are reduced by 216.93 nautical miles and 7.5 h, and the fuel consumption is reduced by 58.82 tons, which is almost 4.54%. Through experimental verification, the proposed model can obtain punctual routes, avoid areas with bad sea conditions, reduce fuel consumption, and is of great significance for improving the safety and economy of ship routes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Economic globalization is the development characteristic and advantage of modern economy, especially the in-depth development of knowledge economy and people-oriented era, which has become the decisive factor of the world economy in the 21st century. In this context, competition among countries increasingly revolves around the quantity, quality and development level of human resources. This transformation has brought both opportunities and challenges to human resource management (HRM) in China. Economic globalization has prompted China's human resources management concepts to be re-examined and updated, and the field of human resources management has shown a more diversified pattern. The subjects of human resources management are constantly changing, and it is necessary to adjust the human resource's structure and improve the overall quality of the workforce. While economic globalization has brought opportunities to China, it has also brought tremendous pressure to China's human resources management. Fierce international competition has posed a severe test to human resources and challenged traditional human resource management methods and structures. This article deeply explores the impact of economic globalization on human resource management in China. It analyzes how China's human resources management responds to the emergence of diverse talent market, the growing demand for cross-cultural skills, the fluidity of global talent flows, the need for technology and digital transformation, and the regulation and compliance faced in operations challenge. Globalized environment. By understanding and responding to these changes, China's human resource management can proactively respond to the changing situation and seize the opportunities brought by economic globalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Do gains from globalization erode support for economic nationalism? We study how North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)‐enhanced local access to US markets affected Mexican demands for protectionist platforms. The left—led by Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO)—underperformed in cities benefiting from export‐access gains during the 2006 presidential elections. This effect is observed strictly in 2006—the only post‐NAFTA election in which debates over trade integration played a salient role. Our findings are robust to controls for import‐competing pressures from NAFTA and the China shock. AMLO's 2006 protectionist platform likely cost him that year's election, and campaign media strategies in 2012 map to this earlier backlash. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The political globalization trilemma asserts that a government cannot simultaneously opt for deep international integration, national sovereignty and democratic politics, but rather is constrained to choosing two of the three at most. This paper employs cross‐country panel data operationalizing the multifaceted three vertices of the trilemma. After explorative data analysis, we employ panel error‐correction techniques to uncover the mutual interdependencies among the variables in the system. The econometric evidence supports the existence of a long‐run relationship between economic integration, national sovereignty and democratic politics as postulated in the political globalization trilemma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the effects of globalization on China's media regulation, focusing on the impact of economic integration and technological advancements. It emphasizes the need to strike a balance between global interconnectedness and preserving China's unique media regulatory landscape. While there have been some changes in internet access and content restrictions, the Chinese government still maintains control over media content, systems, and organizations. The development of new technologies has posed challenges to the government's control, but it has implemented regulations and monitoring measures to maintain its authority. The article also highlights instances of individuals being arrested for their online activities, illustrating the limitations on freedom of expression in China. [Extracted from the article]

With rapid globalization and the growth of immigration, countries worldwide have become multicultural societies and are experiencing social changes. Several studies have focused on the impact of foreign residents on society, particularly from a public finance perspective. The current study examines how foreign residents affect local budget expenditure in South Korea, which is currently facing a historically low fertility rate and the aging phenomenon. The employment permit system, which is a government-ordained system that allocates quotas for foreign employees by region and year, was adopted in the instrumental variable estimation to identify a causal linkage between foreign workers and local budget expenditure. We found that government spending decreases as the proportion of foreign residents among the total population increases, and this impact is particularly noticeable in social welfare spending. The results of a battery of robustness tests support these findings. Furthermore, the findings varied depending on the heterogeneities within regions and political regimes. Additionally, we found suggestive evidence that foreign workers are one of the main factors that contribute to the results, causing local governments to spend more money on non-productive areas such as administrative expenses. Overall, the results show that a sharp inflow of foreign residents may be a risk factor in terms of the quantity and quality of local budget expenditure in South Korea, suggesting that immigration policies should be operated effectively to secure the fiscal soundness and sustainability of local finance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the important manifestations of economic globalization, such as increased international trade, inward foreign direct investment (FDI), and air passenger transport (PAX) on economic growth and environmental quality in Southeast Asian countries. The results of data analysis for the period 1990–2019 using the panel autoregressive distributed lag model (ARDL) have confirmed the long run impact of these factors on economic growth and environmental quality (the reduction of CO2 emissions into the environment per unit of production) in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, international trade and PAX positively affect economic growth in both groups of lower-middle-income countries and upper-middle and high-income countries. Inward FDI, however, only has a positive effect on economic growth for the group of lower-middle-income in the short run. In the long run, it has a negative impact. On the other hand, when the manifestations of economic globalization increase, they lead to an increase in CO2 emissions, but there is a decrease in this ratio per unit of production in the long run and in most countries in the short run. These findings are the basis for making economic growth and environmental quality improvements in different regions and countries of Southeast Asia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]