Search

Background: The aim of this review of the literature was to find and summarize relevant research evidence available within the scientific sources and gray literature in accordance with the JBI recommendations. Search question: What effect does Basal Stimulation have on the cognitive–behavioral functions or temperament of a preterm or disabled infant? Methods: The following sources were searched: PSYCINFO, MEDLINE, PsycArticles, ERIC, Wiley Online Library, ProQuest Scopus, WOS, JSTOR, Google Scholar, and MedNar. The study contains an analysis of texts that have been published in the English, Czech, and German languages. The search time span was set at 15 years. Results: A total of 15 sources were found for the specified topic. Conclusions: In all cases, there was confirmation about the positive influence of the concept of "Basal Stimulation" on the cognitive–behavioral functions and temperament of premature and disabled children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ocular health of care-center residents with disabilities who have difficulty accessing health care using a novel smartphone-adapted fundus camera device, and to compare the results to age- and gender- matched health subjects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this study, 47 care-center residents with disabilities were investigated between October 1, 2021, and December 31, 2021. A control group was made up of healthy volunteers. All participants underwent a comprehensive ocular exam, which included measuring visual acuity and assessing dry eye with Schirmer and tear break-up time tests. The posterior segment was examined using a smartphone-adapted fundus camera. The data gathered was compared with statistical significance between the two groups. RESULTS: The mean ages of disabled and healthy participants were 59.7±15.2 and 56.6±15.0 years, respectively (p=0.305). While 11.1% of the 36 visually impaired participants were legally blind, the percentage among healthy subjects was only 3.7% (p=0.168). In comparison to healthy participants, disabled people had statistically significantly higher rates of dry eye (27.7%), senile macular degeneration (23.4%), and cataracts (29.8%) (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Screening for ocular health with a novel smartphone-adapted fundus camera revealed significantly higher rates of various ocular diseases in care center disabled residents. Given technological progress, remote control method-assisted ocular exams appear to be potentially feasible and clinically beneficial. This could allow trained allied health personnel to perform ocular health screenings without the need to transport a disabled person to the hospital. Thus, diagnosis and follow- up of various chronic ocular diseases may be properly organized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physical inactivity is a major 21st century public health problem for people with disabilities. The practice of sport in an augmented reality environment appears to be an interesting alternative to promote physical practice for people with disabilities. In this article, our research study will be based on the one hand on the impact and the capacity to increase motivation in rehabilitation by augmented reality (AR) with this population and on the other hand on the degree of acceptability of physical activity (PA) using avatars modeled in three dimensions (3D). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and objective. Disability has an individualized character, both in terms of causes and effects, including limitation of locomotor skills. This is the problem to a great extent determining the level of daily functioning and the quality of life. The aim of the study was assessment of locomotor capabilities according to the demographic, social and health characteristics, and the frequency of problems of daily life according to the scope of locomotor capabilities. Material and methods. The study included 676 disabled aged 19--98; mean age 64. The survey was carried out using a standardized Disability Questionnaire. Results. Statistically significant differences in categories of locomotor capabilities were observed according to age, education, material standard, housing conditions, legal disability status, and degrees of disability. Ten problems varying in intensity occurred according to the scope of independent moving around: material difficulties, difficulties in settling office matters, loneliness (P<0.0001), too infrequent contacts with the family, negative attitude of surroundings towards disability, material dependence on others, lack of care by relatives and friends, difficult access to environmental nurse, difficult access to services from social worker, necessity of caring for a disabled person. Conclusions. Locomotor capabilities of the disabled decrease over 64. Low level of education, material standard and poor housing conditions are associated with decreased capabilities for independent moving around without limitations. The types and number of problems with which the disabled struggle depends on the scope of their capabilities for independent moving around. In every dimension of functioning disability belongs to the scope of issues of public health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disabled people are one of the sectors of society that, due to their lack of physical health, are always faced with many disabilities, whether in the use of public services or citizenship, or active participation in society. Attitudes based on the discrimination of people with disabilities in society are based on assumptions about people with disabilities that are completely incompatible with their disability. Media is one of the tools that has been used to change people's attitudes. Moreover, since the content of social networks is produced and selected by society itself, compared to the media such as television and newspapers can receive more attention and change people's attitudes. This research is considered the role of media in changing the attitude of the citizens of Tehran based on the elaboration likelihood model (ELM), which uses social network media as the media. This research is a descriptive survey and the statistical population of this research is citizens of Tehran (over eighteen). The results show that focus on central route content production in the social network has an impact on cognitive attitudes, emotional attitudes, and readiness attitudes for action. Also, focus on peripheral route content produced in the social network has an impact on cognitive attitudes and emotional attitudes, but it hasn’t impacted readiness attitudes for action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tasavvur: Tekirdag Theology Journal / Tekirdag Ilahiyat Dergisi is the property of Namik Kemal University, Faculty of Theology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Social Policy Studies / Sosyal Politika Çalismalari Dergisi is the property of Journal of Social Policy Studies / Sosyal Politika Calismalari Dergisi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches / İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Itobiad: Journal of the Human & Social Science Researches and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nigde University Journal of Physical Education & Sport Sciences / Nigde Üniversitesi Beden Egitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Journal of Physical Education & Sports Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background Developing machine learning models to support health analytics requires increased understanding about statistical properties of self-rated expression statements used in health-related communication and decision making. To address this, our current research analyzes self-rated expression statements concerning the coronavirus COVID-19 epidemic and with a new methodology identifies how statistically significant differences between groups of respondents can be linked to machine learning results. Methods A quantitative cross-sectional study gathering the “need for help” ratings for twenty health-related expression statements concerning the coronavirus epidemic on an 11-point Likert scale, and nine answers about the person’s health and wellbeing, sex and age. The study involved online respondents between 30 May and 3 August 2020 recruited from Finnish patient and disabled people’s organizations, other health-related organizations and professionals, and educational institutions (n = 673). We propose and experimentally motivate a new methodology of influence analysis concerning machine learning to be applied for evaluating how machine learning results depend on and are influenced by various properties of the data which are identified with traditional statistical methods. Results We found statistically significant Kendall rank-correlations and high cosine similarity values between various health-related expression statement pairs concerning the “need for help” ratings and a background question pair. With tests of Wilcoxon rank-sum, Kruskal-Wallis and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) between groups we identified statistically significant rating differences for several health-related expression statements in respect to groupings based on the answer values of background questions, such as the ratings of suspecting to have the coronavirus infection and having it depending on the estimated health condition, quality of life and sex. Our new methodology enabled us to identify how statistically significant rating differences were linked to machine learning results thus helping to develop better human-understandable machine learning models. Conclusions The self-rated “need for help” concerning health-related expression statements differs statistically significantly depending on the person’s background information, such as his/her estimated health condition, quality of life and sex. With our new methodology statistically significant rating differences can be linked to machine learning results thus enabling to develop better machine learning to identify, interpret and address the patient’s needs for well-personalized care.

The material presented in this paper was derived from research on sources of current literature that address global sanitation problems, especially in Uganda. Information gathered from interviews with Ugandans provided a vital component. The paper presents background information on the sanitation issues faced by Ugandan children in general and by individuals with physical disabilities in particular. It reviews the global progress being made to achieve international goals of sanitation and hygiene and compares them to the situation in Uganda. In particular, the paper sheds light on how, in the past two decades, Uganda has made meaningful strides with regard to equal rights and societal inclusion for individuals with disabilities, including access to improved sanitation facilities as well as regulations to ensure the cleanliness and hygiene of public facilities. However, these achievements do not include assistive technologies that can enable the physically disabled to use the many sanitation resources such as pit latrines in rural areas. Finally, the paper describes research that focuses on a marginalized group of disabled Ugandans who are excluded from the solution landscape.

This paper presents a viable solution that evolved over several years of research to mitigate the sanitation problems faced by individuals in rural areas of Uganda, particularly those with disabilities, addressed in our first paper (Schmachtenberger et al.). The solution is based on interviews and contacts with affected individuals in Lira, Northern Uganda, where the most commonly used sanitation facility is a pit latrine. To that end three types of design considerations and requirements for effective pit latrine assistive devices were adopted in the development of the technology discussed in this paper. Ultimately, three different designs were fabricated after synthesizing the requirements, preliminary user feedback, and engineering knowledge of mechanical design. The deliverables from these designs are three different assistive devices whose common feature is a portable seat that can be used safely in a pit latrine. The good results from several field tests engendered the development of more locally reproducible and cost-effective, assistive seat devices over a period of 3-5 years. Results from data collected over the years will be published in another manuscript, subsequently.

Purpose: To determine and compare oral health status, knowledge and attitude among siblings of mentally disabled with siblings of normal healthy children.Materials and Methods: 240 study subjects consisting of 120 each of siblings of mentally disabled and normal, healthy children (control group) matched for age and gender were selected by convenience sampling. Oral health was assessed using the WHO-1997 proforma. A pretested questionnaire (30 items) was used for oral health knowledge and attitude assessment. Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-squared and Mann-Whitney tests.Results: Caries prevalence among the siblings of mentally disabled and control group was 82% (mean DMFT 1.68 ± 1.18) and 45% (mean DMFT 0.58 ± 0.72), respectively (p < 0.05). The siblings of mentally disabled children also showed good oral health knowledge (mean 7.1 ± 1.4) and a positive attitude (p < 0.05).Conclusion: Siblings of mentally disabled children showed higher caries experience. Knowledge and attitude towards oral health was comparatively good among siblings of mentally disabled children. They exhibited favourable attitudes and involvement in helping their sibling to maintain oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to examine the disability perceptions of mothers who have children with normal development in early childhood. The research model of this research was chosen as the qualitative research model. This research was hold during the time of October 2020-January 2021. The population of the study is the mothers who have a normally developing child in early childhood. The study group of the study was selected using the easily accessible situation sampling method, which is included in the purposeful sampling. The study group of the study is 10 mothers with a child with normal development in early childhood. The data collection tool of the research is one-on-one interviews with interview management. It was analyzed by the content analysis method obtained in the research. In the study, disability perception was not encountered in mothers who had children with normal development in early childhood, and it was observed that mothers' one-to-one experiences with disabled individuals gave them a positive attitude in raising their children. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of KADEM Journal of Women's Studies is the property of Women & Justice Association / Kadin & Demokrasi Dernegi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research is to install a handrail on sliding doors used in hospitals and nursing facilities to support the elderly and disabled to walk by themselves. Semi-automatic lifting equipment is utilised for the retractable handrail to make sure people in bad health are able to open the door using minimal force. This paper summarises ergonomic considerations to develop the product above. For example, the maximum opening force should be a certain value or less for the elderly and disabled to open the product effortlessly. Additionally, the initial opening force is required to be a certain degree for safe use. When the product is used as a handrail, the handrail is required to be stable and unshakable in opening or closing directions. The results obtained by having the elderly and disabled use the prototype demonstrated that it improves their walking abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To develop the Public Stigma for Disabled Scale (PSDS) and test its validity and reliability. Methods: The initial version of PSDS was developed based on the open interviews, literature analysis, and expert reviews. Totally 457 residents in the eastern, central, western and northeastern regions in China for item analysis and exploratory factor analysis, and 366 residents for confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, discriminant validity, split-half reliability and the homogeneous reliability test. The criterion validity was tested with the World Health Organization-disability Attitudes Scale (WHO-DAS). Results: The PSDS had 25 items, including 3 dimensions (behavior bias, social rejection and interpersonal alienation), which explained 69.35% of the total variance. The three-factor model fitted data well（χ²/df = 2.79, CFI = 0.94,TLI = 0.93, IFI = 0.94, TLI = 0.93, SRMR = 0.05, RMSEA = 0.07). The total scores and factor scores of the PSDS were negatively correlated with the WHODAS scores (ICC = -0.42-0.70, Ps<0.01). The PSDS has good convergent validity and discriminant validity. The Cronbach α coefficients of the total scale and each dimension were between 0.86 and 0.97,and the split-half reliabilities were between 0.85 and 0.97. Conclusion: The Public Stigma for Disabled Scale (PSDS) has good validity and reliability, which could be used as an assessment tool of public stigma for residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the concept of household and family entrepreneurship, its importance in the socio-economic life of the country, specific characteristics and main models of household labor, where and how it can be developed in Fergana region, benefits in this field and the types of household labor that can be implemented in the region are covered. Solving the problem of ensuring the employment of the population and creating new jobs remains a special priority and, without exaggeration, the most important condition for the successful and stable development of our country in the near future. The President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Shavkat Mirziyoyev stated in his address to the Oliy Majlis that "... we have made ensuring the employment of the population a priority, so we need to give importance to this issue not only in terms of quantity, but also in terms of quality." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction. The disabled are a group with heterogeneous structure of causes and needs. Assessment of these causes and needs requires prospective studies in order to use the results within public health actions, indispensable for pursuing the challenges of sustained development. The aim of the study was determination of the problems and needs of the disabled in various areas of their functioning, according to such characteristics as: gender, age, causes of disability, place of residence, level of education, formal status of disability, and socio-economic standard. Materials and method. The examined population were 676 disabled aged from 19-98, including 56.4% of females, and 43,6% of males; rural inhabitants constituted 38.0%. The study was conducted by the method of purposive sampling, using the following research tools: the Disability Questionnaire, and the Scientific-Research Protocol. Statistical analyses were performed by means of the statistical package IBM SPSS Statistics v. 27; the p values p<0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results. The most frequently occurring problems were material difficulties, lack of rehabilitation in the place of residence, hindered access to a physician, difficulties with settling official matters, loneliness, too infrequent contacts with the family, negative attitudes of the local community towards disability, and family disagreements. Some of these problems were significantly more frequent among rural inhabitants. Conclusion. The majority of the problems hindering daily life of the disabled fell within social rather than medical categories. Age, level of education, degree of disability, legal status, and material standard were most frequent determinants of the occurrence of health and social problems according to the place of residence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction and Objective. In each society there functions a group of the disabled who need assistance. The number and character of dysfunctional consequences determine the types of support, characteristics of health, medical and social problems, where a part of them are interdependent. The interdependence of these needs determine the consistency of rehabilitation actions, which result in the improvement of quality of life of disabled persons in their living environment, especially among rural inhabitants. Materials and method. The scientific medical, and sociological literature, as well as binding legal Acts from 1978-2021 were reviewed. Materials from Polish and English databases were analysed. Key words related to disability, its definition, models of disability, disability discrimination, inequalities in medical and social care, health and social needs, maps of needs, satisfaction with medical and social care, and quality of life were used. Brief description of the state of knowledge. Despite the fact that disability is a medical-social phenomenon, many reports concern only the treatment of the consequences of diseases, injuries, genetic/congenital or environmental defects. Disability is frequently identified with disease, which is inappropriate. Many researchers dealing with disability focus - quite rightly - on studies concerning social consequences, because they decide about the level of functioning of these persons in society and level of participation. Summary. Disability is not only a medical and social problem. Treatment does not end the essence of disability. Only interdisciplinary studies can change the life of these persons regarding great possibilities for their participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Goalball has been highlighted as a reference disabled sport from educational levels to its participation in the Paralympic Games, where the effects of this sport on balance and its relevance have been investigated. The aim of the systematic review was to systematically review those studies that evaluated the effects of goalball on balance in goalball athletes. A systematic review of PubMed and FECYT (Web of Sciences, CCC, DIIDW, KJD, MEDLINE, RSCI, and SCIELO) was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The articles were included if they met the following inclusion criteria: (i) participants were goalball players; (ii) athletes playing goalball; (iii) outcomes were related to balance; and, (iv) original articles without language restriction. From the 85 studies initially identified, 7 were fully reviewed, and their outcome measures were extracted and analyzed. In conclusion, the levels of balance seem to be closely related to the success of competitions, leading coaches to consider its development during training sessions. In this sense, the general practice of goalball may be sufficient at children's levels, while the practice of 2 days or 5 h per week seems to be an adequate reference. However, athletes with partial levels of visual loss should not be subjected to continuous blinding during training sessions because it could lead to an accelerated reduction in balance levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Doctors with disability are likely to face major life crises, challenges and distressing emotions from unforeseen circumstances that threaten their physical well-being. We aimed to identify the existence of work-related pain and discomfort that may cause surgeon's disability. Surgeons who were struck with unpredictable disasters leading to disabilities were also reviewed., Methods: We conducted a 10-year literature review. In addition, citations about surgeons' physical disabilities were complemented with commentaries about disabled surgeons from gray literature. The quantitative citations were quality assessed by MERSQI scores and evidence graded according to GRADE. For the qualitative study part, the severely traumatized surgeons were analysed by means of Cullberg's crisis phases (CCP) and analysed from Tedeschi and Calhoun's post-traumatic growth perspective (PTG)., Results: Altogether 3593 citations from PubMed were studied, and 10 citations met inclusion criteria with a total of 11591 participants. We included 6 surgeons subjected to highly traumatic events complicating their medical career. Our quantitative citations' mean MERSQI score was 11.73 (SD .79) and the citations' evidence value completed grade II (moderate quality: 11.26 to 12.00 scores). Work-related musculoskeletal pain and occupational injuries may lead to physical disabilities. The accidentally traumatized surgeons fought through the four CCP phases and reached successfully the PTG stage., Conclusions: The surgical workforce is at high risk of work-related musculoskeletal morbidity which can progress to chronic pain and disruption of surgeon's career. Surgeons with disabilities faced serious barriers in their career. Institutions and healthcare systems must urgently develop support strategies for surgeons with disabilities.

The aim of the study is to investigate the sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric diagnosis, disability rate and psychiatric dependency status of patients who applied for the health board report of disability and the differences emerged after the regulation change dated February 20, 2019. Data of 1315 individuals aged 18 and over who were evaluated between September 1, 2018 and August 31, 2019 were retrospectively analyzed, and the data of those patients evaluated before and after the regulation change were compared. 56.2% of the cases were male, 43.8% were female. The median age was 46. 32.8% of the patients were assigned a report due to mental illness. The rate of those diagnosed with a disability rate of 40 % and above was found to be 22.4 %. When the severe disability / full dependency assessments of patients with a disability rate of 50% and above were compared according to the old and new regulations. There was no significant difference between the groups. As a referee hospital, the initial assessment of 16.1% of the applicants as “not severely disabled” and 1% of the applicants as “severely disabled” was changed to “partially dependent”.In psychiatric cases, the level of functionality should be evaluated multidimensionally in relation to the course of the disease and various factors specific to the patient. It is thought that the intermediate rate “partially improves with treatment” and the definition of “partially dependent” brought to certain diseases by the new regulation can be a solution for the patients who lie in between.

Erişilebilirlik, yapılı çevrede herkes için eşit koşulların sağlanması için gerekli bir ön koşuldur. İçinde yaşadığımız iç mekânlardan dış mekânlara, yapılı çevrenin genellikle ortalama bireyler göz önünde bulundurularak tasarlanması erişilebilirlik sorunlarına neden olmaktadır. Yapılı çevrede herkes için eşit koşulların sağlanması şüphesiz ki erişilebilirliğin sağlanmasıyla gerçekleşmektedir. Bu doğrultuda herkes için eğitim hakkının sağlanması da yapılı çevrenin erişilebilir olmasıyla doğrudan ilişkilidir. Eğitim alanları özellikle de üniversite yerleşkeleri kullanıcı çeşitliğini oluşturan tüm bireyler için bütün alanların ve unsurların erişilebilir ve kullanılabilir olması son derece önemlidir. Üniversite yerleşkelerinde, herkes için erişilebilirlik, evrensel tasarım/kapsayıcı tasarım veya herkes için tasarım gibi kavramlar son yıllarda yerleşke planlamada dikkate alınmaya başlanmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Düzce Üniversitesi Konuralp yerleşkesinin engelli kullanıcılar için mevcut erişilebilirlik durumu ortaya konulmaya çalışılmıştır. Elde edilen tespitler sonucunda kampüs alanındaki erişilebilirlik sorunlarının neler olduğu ortaya konularak erişilebilirlik haritası oluşturulmuştur. Bu çalışmanın ilgili alanda mevcut erişilebilirlik sorunların tespiti konusunda bir kaynak oluşturma ve üniversite yerleşkelerinde bu şekilde yapılacak çalışmalar ile eğitim alanlarında evrensel erişilebilirlik anlayışının oluşturulmasına katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir. Çalışmanın nihai amacı ise erişilebilirlik olanaklarını ortaya koymak ve bu doğrultuda erişilebilirlik haritası oluşturmaktır.

Objective: When it comes to identifying and developing talent in sports for athletes with disabilities, it is important to note that high-performance sports for people with disabilities are fundamentally different from those of healthy people in terms of discovering and developing new talents. Extraordinary performances and success in sports for the disabled and providing an environment for the development of talents such as non-sports for the disabled is simply not possible and the success or failure of sports depends on factors such as: economic, social and human resources in a country. The present study aimed to provide a paradigm model of the characteristics of the talent development environment of Paralympic athletes.Methodology: This research has been done in the framework of a qualitative approach and by applying the data research method of the foundation. Participants in this study were physical education and sports science specialists, Paralympic and world champion athletes and disabled sports coaches who were selected by purposive and theoretical sampling for semi-structured interviews and the interviews continued until the theoretical saturation stage. Data were analyzed simultaneously with data collection using Strauss and Corbin method. The acceptability of the data was confirmed based on 5 criteria.Results: The results show that 15 main categories and 76 subcategories in the form of 6 dimensions of the paradigm model include: 1- Causal causes including 4 categories: individual, cultural, economic and social factors; 2- The main phenomenon includes 1 category: a special approach to cultivating sports talent for the disabled; 3- Strategy includes 2 categories: management system design, process-oriented strategy; 4- Ground characteristics including 3 categories: planning, support, supportive background; 5- The intervener includes 2 categories: infrastructural factors, environmental factors; 6- Outcome includes 3 categories: successful disability, championship, development of sports abilities of the disabled; The paradigm model is the characteristics of the talent development environment of Paralympic athletes.Conclusion: The integration of categories based on the relationships between them around the axis of the talent development environment of paralympic athletes forms a paradigm model reflecting the pattern of managers involved in the talent development environment of Paralympic athletes.

Background The COVID-19 pandemic and other humanitarian emergencies exacerbate pre-existing inequalities faced by people with disabilities. They experience worse access to health, education, and social services, and increased violence in comparison with people without disabilities. Adolescents with disabilities are amongst those most severely affected in these situations. Using participatory research methods with adolescents can be more effective than other methods but may be challenging in such emergency contexts. Objectives We conducted a scoping review to: 1) describe the literature and methods used in peer-reviewed and grey literature on adolescents (aged ten to nineteen) with disabilities’ experience of COVID-19 and other humanitarian emergencies in low- and middle-income countries, and 2) identify research gaps and make recommendations for future research. Methods The review followed a protocol developed using PRISMA guidelines and the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We searched grey and peer-reviewed literature between 2011 and 2021. Results Thirty studies were included. Twelve were peer-reviewed, and of those seven used participatory methods. Humanitarian emergencies had adverse effects on adolescents with disabilities across health, education, livelihoods, social protection, and community participation domains. Surprisingly few studies collected data directly with adolescents with disabilities. Twenty-three studies combined data from non-disabled children, caregivers, and disabled adults which made it challenging to understand adolescents with disabilities’ unique experience. Conclusions Our review highlights both the scarcity of literature and the importance of conducting research with adolescents with disabilities in humanitarian contexts. Despite challenges, our review shows that it has been possible to conduct research with adolescents with disabilities to explore their experiences of humanitarian emergencies, and that these experiences were different from those of non-disabled adolescents. There is a need to disaggregate findings and support the implementation and reporting of rigorous research methods. Capacity development through partnerships between non-governmental organisations and researchers may improve reporting of methods.

Copyright of Turkish Studies - Social Sciences is the property of Electronic Turkish Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Synesis is the property of Synesis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Disability is the loss of certain physical, mental, spiritual, social or emotional skills to varying degrees. Therefore, it may result in the inability to fulfill the requirements of normal life and the need for prevention, rehabilitation, therapy and counseling. The increasing number of studies in recent years to recognize people with disabilities are encouraging. The present study investigates the wellbeing and forgiveness state of the disabled according to their type of disability, work status, gender, and educational status. In the study, Heartland forgiveness Scale and Life Quality Scale have been applied. Regarding the findings, there are no significant differences between the individual's "forgiveness" and "Quality of life" scores by gender and the level of disability. The forgiveness scores of individuals with orthopedic disabilities are lower compared to scores of those with other types of disabilities. Quality of life scores are significantly lower in individuals with permanent disability than those with other disability groups. Concerning the education level and work status, the quality of life scores increases. However, there is no meaningful difference in forgiveness scores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The object of this systematic review is to examine the stigma status of people with disabilities and their families. Design and Methods: The systematic review was prepared based on the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta‐analysis protocols systematic review guidelines. The review was included thirteen studies. Findings: In the results of the study, it was revealed that people with disabilities experienced inequality and social exclusion, negative attitudes were observed regarding their appearance, also their families were subjected to stigmatization by the society, could not participate in social environments. Practice Implication: To prevent stigmatization, it is recommended that awareness in public be raised by providing community educations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Self-esteem is the summary judgement on one's personal value, system and standards as selfworth, self-respect, self-acceptance, self-regard, self-feeling and self-evaluation. It is a component of personality and relationship between one's real life and ideal life. Studies of age and sex difference on self-esteem during the onset of adolescence are important for understanding human psychology and behaviour. This study investigates self-esteem levels, impact of age and sex on self-esteem among visually and locomotor disabled adolescents in Manipur. This study was done on the randomly selected 60 visually and 60 locomotor disabled adolescents aged 12-19 years; from institutions at Imphal East and West Districts of Manipur. Data were collected using Sorensen Self-esteem Test (2006) to assess the self-esteem among disabled adolescents. The data were analysed with SPSS (Version 25.0). Descriptive statistics - mean, standard deviation, percentage and chi-square test were adopted and tested the hypotheses. Result showed that majority of the disabled adolescents had moderately low self-esteem. There was no significant difference on self-esteem among disabled adolescents having the mean score of visually disabled 18.12 with standard deviation 7.52 and for locomotor disabled adolescents was 16.57 with standard deviation 7.01,'t' value 1.17 with p-value 0.245 > 0.05 level of significance. Results showed that there was no impact of sex on selfesteem among the disabled adolescent boys and girls as 't' value 0.700 with 'p'-value 0.486 > 0.05 level of significance and there was impact of age on self-esteem among younger group and older group adolescent as 't'-test value 2.059 with 'p'-value 0.049<.0.05. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Although robotic manipulators have great potential in promoting motor independence of people with motor impairments, only few systems are currently commercially available. In addition to technical, economic, and normative barriers, a key challenge for their distribution is the current lack of evidence regarding their usefulness, acceptance, and user-specific requirements. Objective: Against this background, a semiautonomous robot system was developed in the research and development project, robot-assisted services for individual and resource-oriented intensive and palliative care of people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ROBINA), to support people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in various everyday activities. Methods: The developed early-stage demonstrator was evaluated in a task-based laboratory study of 11 patients with ALS. On the basis of a multimethod design consisting of standardized questionnaires, open-ended questions, and observation protocols, participants were asked about its relevance to everyday life, usability, and design requirements. Results: Most participants considered the system to provide relevant support within the test scenarios and for their everyday life. On the basis of the System Usability Scale, the overall usability of the robot-assisted services for individual and resource-oriented intensive and palliative care of people with ALS system was rated as excellent, with a median of 90 (IQR 75-95) points. Moreover, 3 central areas of requirements for the development of semiautonomous robotic manipulators were identified and discussed: requirements for semiautonomous human-robot collaboration, requirements for user interfaces, and requirements for the adaptation of robotic capabilities regarding everyday life. Conclusions: Robotic manipulators can contribute to increase the autonomy of people with ALS. A key issue for future studies is how the existing ability level and the required robotic capabilities can be balanced to ensure both high user satisfaction and effective and efficient task performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has inequitably impacted the experiences of people living with ill health/impairments or from minoritized ethnic groups across all areas of life. Given possible parallels in inequities for disabled people and people from minoritized ethnic backgrounds, their existence before the pandemic and increase since, and the discriminations that each group faces, our interest is in understanding the interplay between being disabled AND being from a minoritized ethnic group. Objective: The overarching aim of the Coronavirus Chronic Conditions and Disabilities Awareness (CICADA) project, building on this understanding, is to improve pandemic and longer-term support networks, and access to and experiences of care, services, and resources for these underserved groups, both during the pandemic and longer term, thereby reducing inequities and enhancing social, health, and well-being outcomes. Methods: This mixed methods study involves three "sweeps" of a new UK survey; secondary analyses of existing cohort and panel surveys; a rapid scoping review; a more granular review; and qualitative insights from over 200 semistructured interviews, including social network/map/photo elicitation methods and two subsequent sets of remote participatory research workshops. Separate stakeholder cocreation meetings, running throughout the study, will develop analyses and outputs. Our longitudinal study design enables the exploration of significant relationships between variables in the survey data collected and to the assessment of changes in variables over time, including consideration of varying pandemic contexts. The qualitative data will provide more granular detail. We will take a strengths and assets-based approach, underpinned by the social model of disability and by intersectional considerations to challenge discrimination. Our exploration of the social determinants of health and well-being is framed by the social ecological model. Results: The CICADA project was funded by the Health and Social Care Delivery Research (HSDR) Programme of the United Kingdom (UK) National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) in March 2021 and began in May 2021. Further work within the project (84 interviews) was commissioned in March 2022, a substudy focusing on mental health, specifically in Northeast England, Greater Manchester, and the Northwest Coast of the United Kingdom. Data collection began in August 2021, with the last participants due to be recruited in September 2022. As of January 2022, 5792 survey respondents and 227 interviewees had provided data. From April 2022, the time of article submission, we will recruit participants for the substudy and wave 2 of the surveys and qualitative work. We expect results to be published by winter 2022. Conclusions: In studying the experiences of disabled people with impairments and those living with chronic conditions who come from certain minoritized ethnic groups, we are aiming for transformative research to improve their health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Disability is a biosocial reality that is defined as an obstacle to a person’s ability in doing an activity in a natural position. People with disabilities are the largest minority in the international community, and more than two-thirds of the world’s disabled people are living in developing countries. The present study aimed to identify and prioritize the most important needs of the disabled in order to design and plan suitable services for Iranian public libraries. Method: The present research is an applied study in terms of purpose, a descriptive-analytical one in terms of nature, and a survey in terms of the method of implementation, and was conducted during a particular period. The statistical population of this study consisted of all physically disabled, blind and visually impaired, deaf and hard of hearing people aged 15 and over 15 who were under the auspices of the Welfare Organization. Using sample power software, the sample population for every group of disabled consists of 82 people that were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling among 10 provinces of Iran. The data gathering tool was 3 researcher-made questionnaires which were used in two print (paper) and online formats. Two questionnaires related to the deaf and physically disabled, in addition to the paper questionnaire, were designed in the online format using WordPress. The questionnaire for the blind was designed by Google Form due to the need to coordinate with screen reader software. To analyze data, SPSS version 23 was used. Findings: Friedman statistical test was used to rank the needs. The result of the study showed that expert librarians with proper behaviors, having Elevator or Lift if the library is multi-storey building, and supporting the need of disabled by managers and other responsible people were the most important needs for physically disabled persons. In the blind and visually impaired group, having elevator with a braille button if the library is multi-storey building, allocating suitable budget for providing related resources and providing access to full catalogs of audiobooks in Iranian public libraries via the Internet, were in the top priorities. Among the deaf and hard of hearing people, holding group programs and recreational trips, presence of translators familiar with sign language skills and holding sign language classes were among the top third high-priority needs. Originality/value: Up till now, no research has been conducted on a population as wide-ranging as the population of this research to consider diverse needs of three groups of the disabled. Public libraries can help empower the disabled people and provide them with equal access to information by considering various needs of them, thus providing a better life conditions for them.

BACKGROUND: By reviewing the literature, no work has emerged about the presence of a Palliative Care Network dedicated to the Italian disabled pediatric population. however, there is an increase in the prevalence of children with ingrained illness and / or serious disabilities who are in need of such treatment. The difficulty in defining when a child becomes incurable persists. Along with the diagnosis of incurability, the other crucial factor is the extent of "care needs". OBJECTIVES: the aim of the study is to build an assessment tool for defining access criteria to Pediatric Palliative Care for patients with advanced illness and / or severe disability. B METHODS: an observational, prospective, multicenter study was conducted, by using the Clinical Assessment Tool (CAT) scale, which has been proposed by the paediatric hospice of Padua (Italy) without formal validation. We studied a non-randomized sample of 101 patients from five healthcare facilities in Northern Italy. We modified the CAT scale by adding items from other tools used in Palliative Care. The study was divided into two periods at a distance of one month, in order to assess the patients’ clinical evolution. RESULTS: internal consistency of the CAT tool was good ​​(alpha=0.83). Explorative factor analysis showed acceptable loadings on each item. Positive and negative predictive values ​were 0.97 and 0.98, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: the scale is reliable in identifying individuals in need of Pediatric Palliative Care and seems a promising tool for assessing the needs for palliative care in children with ingrained illness and/or severe disability.

Türk hukukunda kamu hizmetine girme hakkı, 1982 Anayasası’nın 70. maddesinde düzenlenmiştir. Anayasa’da siyasi haklar statüsünde düzenlenmiş olan kamu hizmetine girme hakkının içeriği ve kapsamı, kanunlar ve yargı kararları ile ortaya konmuştur. Kamu hizmetine girme hakkı bir başka temel hak olan çalışma hakkının bir boyutunu oluşturmaktadır ve kişinin maddi ve manevi gelişiminin sağlanması ile insan onuruna yakışır bir yaşam sürmesi bakımından gereklidir. Toplumsal hayata diğer bireyler ile eşit şekilde katılamayan engelli bireyler de, anayasal bir ilke olan eşitlik ilkesi gereği kamu hizmetine girme hakkına sahiptirler. Ancak yasa önünde eşitlik anlayışı engellilerin kamu hizmetine girmesi bakımından yeterli değildir. Bu nedenle anayasalar ve diğer hukuki düzenlemeler bağlamında engellilerin kamu hizmetine girmesi bakımından pozitif ayrımcılık teşkil edecek çeşitli uygulamalar öngörülmektedir. 657 sayılı Devlet Memurları Kanunu’nda da kamuda engelli istihdamı için kota uygulaması düzenlenmiştir. Engelli bireylerin bu kota kapsamında istihdam edilmeleri amacıyla “EKPSS” isimli ayrı bir sınav öngörülmüştür. Bu sınav haricinde de engellilerin kamuda istihdam edilmesi mümkündür, aksini öngören yargı kararları hukuka aykırı olacaktır. Engelli bireylerin, kamu idareleri ve kurumlarının kamu personeli alımı için açmış olduğu ilanlara başvurabilmeleri için getirilen özel şartların ayrımcılık teşkil etmemesi gerekmektedir. İdarenin bu tarz işlemleri eşitlik ilkesine aykırılık anlamına gelir. Bu çalışma kapsamında kamu hizmetine girme hakkı ve engelli bireylerin bu hakkı kullanması bakımından önemli görülen bazı hukuki hususlar ele alınmaktadır.

Abstract Background The mental health impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and quarantining on children and young people (CYP) living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) has yet to be fully comprehended. CYP in LMICs are at utmost risk, given the COVID-19-related restrictions and social distancing measures, resulting in reduced access to school-based services for nutritional and mental health needs. This study examined mental health of CYP during the first COVID-19 lockdown in Zambia and Sierra Leone. Method A total of 468 disabled and disadvantaged CYP aged 12 to 25 completed a planning tool that comprised the short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale (SWEMWBS), as well as open-ended questions covering social connectedness, physical distancing and educational challenges during the lockdown. The community coaches screened individuals and families who could be eligible to receive emergency aid, and based on a convenience sample following distribution of aid, recipients were invited to complete the planning tool. Results The data showed that participants in the global south have increasing anxieties and fears centred on accessing offline educational resources and income loss in the family effecting food security and their ability to return to education. Mean (SD) SWEMWBS scores for all participants in Zambia and Sierra Leone, were 19.61 (3.45) and 21.65 (2.84), respectively. Mental well-being scores were lower in females, children aged 12–14 and participants with two or more disabilities. Factors significantly associated with poor mental wellbeing in the sample were: type of disability, nationality, peer relationships, connection to others during the pandemic, knowledge about COVID-19, worry about the long-term impact of COVID-19, and the types of self-isolating. Conclusion The study shows that participants who self-reported low levels of COVID-19 health literacy also scored low on the mental wellbeing self-assessment. Yet, despite undoubted limited resources, these CYP are doing well in identifying their needs and maintaining hope in the face of the problems associated with COVID-19 in countries where stigma persists around mental ill-health.