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• Synthesis of the past two decades of online review research. • Drivers, review system design, online reviews, and outcomes as main constructs. • Identification of 3 research gaps. • Presentation of 3 research thrusts to close the identified research gaps. • Strategic implications of review system design. As online reviews play a decisive role in consumers' purchase decisions, e-commerce platforms are using review systems strategically to obtain a competitive advantage. However, the strategic potential can only be leveraged if the review system is designed appropriately. Research on the design of review systems and the effects of design choices has not yet been summarized or synthesized in a review article. We aim to close this gap by providing a scoping review. In our synthesis we posit that the design of review systems moderates the impact of online reviews on economic outcomes and the factors that drive the formation of reviews. After reviewing current research findings, we identify gaps and provide a research agenda covering three key themes: Design features , environments , and devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The low-voltage distribution system is the end of the power network connected with the end-users, which directly reflects the needs of users in safety, reliability, applicability, economy and beauty. We introduced the design characteristics of low-voltage distribution system for the open-sea artificial islands for bridge-tunnel transition of Hongkong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge. Based on the analysis of the design objectives and the design objects, the reasonable and effective technical measures are taken for the main design contents of low-voltage distribution system, such as load grade, power supply, system structure, pipeline space, equipment selection and installation, energy saving and environmental protection, and so on. The economy, beauty and durability were coordinated under the conditions of ensuring safety and reliability, functional application, and implementation. The design meets the needs of users, improves the quality of the project, and has reference significance for similar engineering design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study proposes a systematic approach for modelling and three-axis CNC milling of solid wood parts used in stringed electric musical instruments, mainly in electric guitars and basses, through CAD/CAM technology. Design and manufacturing philosophy undertakes particular characteristics of tonal woods, so as to produce high-quality resonant musical instrument parts with high accuracy. To do so, it is crucial to identify design features and to apply the appropriate machining strategies and parameter values based on obtained knowledge, as these have a great impact on both the acoustic characteristics of the parts and on the total appearance of the instrument, thus making it more appealing in a competitive market. Customization of musical instruments is well received among professional musicians who wish to stand out during their performance, as well as to own an instrument of uniquely original shape and sonic properties. Keeping custom instruments cost reasonable is a challenge, unless the overall production is systematic and modular. The proposed approach was developed and tested on a custom solid electric guitar, which was then finished and assembled with off-the-shelf components to form a great looking and sounding electric guitar. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lexikos is the property of Bureau of the Woordeboek van die Afrikaanse Taal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Modern gas-turbine units (GTUs) and gas-reciprocating units (GRUs) have found a wide use at power plants, including distributed generation facilities, running on gaseous fuel. The design features of these generating units have a considerable effect on the nature and parameters of transient processes due to emergency disturbances in the adjacent network. The study shows that single-shaft gas-turbine and gas-reciprocating units do not allow even short-term considerable frequency drops. These schemes and operating conditions arise due to emergency active power shortages when the connection between the power plant and the power system weakens due to repair conditions or islanded operation. The paper presents the results of transient process calculations for operating power plants (distributed generation facilities), which make it possible to identify the unfavorable properties of GTUs and GRUs. The results show that two-shaft (three-shaft) GTUs and GRUs can switch to out-of-step conditions even when short-circuits in the adjacent network are cleared with high-speed relay protection devices. The features of out-of-step conditions and the admissibility of their short-term duration for the spontaneous restoration of generators’ synchronization are considered. The findings suggest that considering the fundamental design features of generating units provides informed technical decisions on equipping power plants (distributed generation (DG) facilities) and the adjacent network with efficient emergency control systems.

Objective. To assess the outcomes in patients with disorders of the cervical spine treated by anterior subaxial cervical fu- sion with telescopic vertebral body replacement implant. Material and Methods. The developed design of a telescopic vertebral body replacement implant for anterior interbody fu- sion at the subaxial level is described in details. The effectiveness of the implant was analyzed basing on the outcomes in patients of two groups. In patients of Group 1 (n = 21) the stabilization was carried out with the Mesh implant in con- junction with anterior plate fixation, and in patients of Group 2 (n = 12) – with the vertebral body replacement implant of the telescopic design. Results. The obtained evidence showed the absence of postoperative complications associated with the violation of the op- erated segment stability and the loss of intraoperative correction of the sagittal profile of the cervical spine in patients of Group 2. The achieved correction of the spinal motion segment persisted throughout the entire period of observation. The recurrence of deformation of the anterior wall of the spinal canal causing compression of the epidural space and the spinal cord was not observed. Conclusion. Telescopic systems can be considered the most effective and perfect in restoring the anterior spinal support. They optimize the process of sagittal profile correction by metered changing the distance between the vertebrae adjacent to the rejected one, which is the main advantage of the telescopic systems.

Seventy percent of new product cost is committed in the design phase. Therefore, the cost needs to be minimized. Incorporating accurate cost estimation capabilities into manufacturing processes can help industries to minimize the cost and optimize the design. The casting process has been employed as a key process to manufacture parts having the advantage of low cost and customized products in foundry industry. This paper presents a cost estimation system for the casting process based on the design features, which incorporates the casting information at the design stage of castings. It aims to deliver the best cost-effective choice for casting design features of a product. Two kinds of knowledge, namely economical knowledge (describing the relation between the casting design considerations and the cost) and technical knowledge (involving the material of the casting features) were structured in this research work. On the basis of the minimum product cost, casting material selection can be carried out in detail. The developed system has been validated through an industrial case study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Communities of Practice (CoPs) are a promising concept for transdisciplinary knowledge co-creation in sustainable agricultural development, but empirical evidence from the farmers’ viewpoint is scarce. This paper contributes to empirical insights on the knowledge creation in CoPs as valued by farmers. Using concepts from CoP theory (domain, community, and practice) and the value creation framework (VCF) developed by Wenger et al. (Promoting and assessing value creation in communities and networks: a conceptual framework. Netherlands Ruud de Moor Center Rapport 18:60, 2011), we examined two cases issuing from a European project on sustainable dairy farming. Results indicate regional differences between the two cases and relate CoP features to value creation cycles (immediate, potential, applied, realized and reframing value). They show how specific features regarding domain, community, and practice development can enhance knowledge creation on sustainable agricultural development. Domain development should be considered consciously taking into account the project duration. The community should include actors with specific competencies, such as farmers with an open attitude, researchers with (practical) domain expertise, and advisors with skills as translators between researchers and farmers. The practice development, or the actual knowledge creation, should unify two equally important types of interaction that contribute differently to value creation in CoPs: individual farmer-researcher-advisor interactions and farmer group-advisor interactions. Our research provides both valuable information for designing and managing knowledge co-creation initiatives and anchors further research on competencies and activities required to foster the two types of interactions for knowledge creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, one of the challenging tasks for Chinese engineering community is to construct a water-way crossing of Qiongzhou Strait in the south of China. This project has also gained significant attention from researchers in academia. The study presented herein is centered on providing a feasible solution for ac-complishing the above mentioned task. Initially, different alternatives as the best location, judged on the basis of the environmental constraints, are studied. Then the comparison between various structural solutions such as suspension bridge, submarine tunnel and SFT is presented. Among these solutions, SFT appears to be a very suitable alternative for Qiongzhou Strait waterway crossing due to distinctive advantages, like shorter distance, lower cost, less impact on environment and navigation, etc. Based on the appropriate conception for cross sections, support systems, materials, joints and connection schemes, a numerical model is developed by means of the FEM software ANSYS/Fluent. It is then analyzed under the influence of different environmental loading conditions, varying the wave heights and lengths, current velocities and water depths, which are typical in Qiongzhou Strait. The numerical results reveal that the proposed SFT solution performs safely even under extreme weather conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flexibility overtime has been known to enhance the peculiarity of a space, making spaces adaptable to multipurpose use, without altering the functional requirements. The design features and techniques that allow for changing situations in the use and operation of spaces are the focus of this paper. Components such as walls, floors and roofs are the design features that affect space in any building. Event centres being hubs for cultural and social activities, attract an unpredictable population, hence the need for flexible venues for event centres which are fast becoming stable and developing features of any city. The study assessed available event centres and the design features used to achieve flexibility, examining their adaptation to inadequacy of event spaces in selected event centres in Minna Niger state. Observation schedules was used as instrument to obtain data, the data collected was then analysed using Microsoft excel. It was observed from the study that all event centres had adaptability as their flexible design approach and this is as a result of the use of large open spaces, however 80% of event centres in Minna, Niger state failed to have flexible design features. The 20% that provided few of these features used curtain as flexible design elements. The paper recommended that design features for flexibility such as moveable walls, retractable roofs and sitting should be used in event centre designs to achieve an effective flexible design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Provider acceptance and associated patient outcomes are widely discussed in the evaluation of clinical decision support systems (CDSSs), but critical design criteria for tools have generally been overlooked. The objective of this work is to inform electronic health record alert optimization and clinical practice workflow by identifying, compiling, and reporting design recommendations for CDSS to support the efficient, effective, and timely delivery of high-quality care.Material and Methods: A narrative review was conducted from 2000 to 2016 in PubMed and The Journal of Human Factors and Ergonomics Society to identify papers that discussed/recommended design features of CDSSs that are associated with the success of these systems.Results: Fourteen papers were included as meeting the criteria and were found to have a total of 42 unique recommendations; 11 were classified as interface features, 10 as information features, and 21 as interaction features.Discussion: Features are defined and described, providing actionable guidance that can be applied to CDSS development and policy. To our knowledge, no reviews have been completed that discuss/recommend design features of CDSS at this scale, and thus we found that this was important for the body of literature. The recommendations identified in this narrative review will help to optimize design, organization, management, presentation, and utilization of information through presentation, content, and function. The designation of 3 categories (interface, information, and interaction) should be further evaluated to determine the critical importance of the categories. Future work will determine how to prioritize them with limited resources for designers and developers in order to maximize the clinical utility of CDSS.Conclusion: This review will expand the field of knowledge and provide a novel organization structure to identify key recommendations for CDSS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Additive manufacturing (AM) allows the fabrication of complex design solutions and opens up new opportunities for improved products. To identify and optimally leverage these potentials, they must be considered as early as possible in new product development processes. Besides restrictive design rules, design for additive manufacturing (DFAM) thus particularly requires new opportunistic methods and tools in conceptual design and in the first steps of embodiment design. In this paper, AM design complexities and their benefits for new products are thoroughly analyzed and systematized. Many design methods from general design methodology can support the utilization of AM design potentials by their inherent nature of expanding the solution space. A criteria-based evaluation provides the basis for selecting and recommending appropriate design methods in the context of conceptual DFAM. To further adapt these methods to the identified AM design potentials, they are enriched by additional digital and physical DFAM tools. The combination of methods and tools is tested in a workshop environment with DFAM novices and DFAM experts to validate its practical applicability. It is shown that methodological support tailored to DFAM expertise and individual preferences can foster design potential utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While there is considerable scholarship describing principles for effective professional development, there have been few attempts to examine these principles in practice. In this paper, we identify and examine the particular design features of a mathematics professional development experience provided for middle grades teachers over 14 weeks. The professional development was grounded in a set of mathematical tasks that each had one right answer, but multiple solution paths. The facilitator engaged participants in problem solving and encouraged participants to work collaboratively to explore different solution paths. Through analysis of this collaborative learning environment, we identified five design features for supporting teacher learning of important mathematics and pedagogy in a problem-solving setting. We discuss these design features in depth and illustrate them by presenting an elaborated example from the professional development. This study extends the existing guidance for the design of professional development by examining and operationalizing the relationships among research-based features of effective professional development and the enacted features of a particular design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A stroke is a life-changing event that may end up as a disability, with repercussions on the patient's quality of life. Stroke rehabilitation therapies are helpful to regain some of the patient's lost functionality. However, in practice stroke patients may suffer from a gradual loss of motivation. Gamified systems are used to increase user motivation, hence, gamified elements have been implemented into stroke rehabilitation therapies in order to improve patients' engagement and adherence. This review work focuses on selecting and analyzing developed and validated gamified stroke rehabilitation systems published between 2009 and 2017 to identify the most important features of these systems. After extensive research, 32 articles have met the selection criteria, resulting in a total of 28 unique works. The works were analyzed and a total of 20 features were identified. The features are explained, making emphasis on the works that implement them extensively. Finally, a classification of features based on objectives is proposed, which was used to identify the relationships between features and implementation gaps. It was found that there is a tendency to develop low-cost solutions as in-home therapy systems and provide a variety of games. This review allowed the definition of the opportunities for future research direction such as systems addressing the three rehabilitation areas; data analytics to make decisions; motivational content identification based on automatic engagement detection and emotion recognition; and alert systems for patient´s safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Mazlumkhan-Sulu mausoleum, erected in the 1320-30s, and its place in the history of Khwarezm architectural monuments of the Golden Horde epoch, is considered in the article. The mausoleum is located in the territory of the Mizdakhkan fortified site in Karakalpakstan. It is considered to be typical cult multi-domed structure, but its special feature is the division into two parts – above ground and underground. The building is cruciform in plan design, covered with three domes. The genesis of this architectural type is probably connected with ancient marquee-type burial structures, known in connection with the antiquities of the nomads of the South Aral Lake area, Tagisken burial mounds, and the Balandy 2 mausoleum. Rich architectural décor of Mazlumkhan-Sulu consists of tile bow-shaped crosspieces and a system of constructive stalactites – the so called “muqarnas”. The mausoleum has historical parallels in the architectural monuments of Western Kazakhstan and the Volga river region of the Golden Horde epoch.

Purpose. Determination of the mathematical algorithm for calculating the surface reconstruction parameters of authentic clothing from museum collections. Method. Graph-analytic methods for constructing point and linear frames were used in this work. Results. Mathematical algorithm development for reconstruction the surface of the Ukrainian peasant's overcoat provides an opportunity to create authentic patterns of museum collections by sizeable features. Scientific novelty. The mathematical method for the surface reconstruction of the authentic garments from museum collections is based on measurements of six linear parameters. The practical significance of the presented research results is the ability to use mathematical developed surface reconstruction algorithms for peasant's overcoat in designing modern outerwear models of autumn and spring type. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Smartphones are increasingly used all over the world. However, the effects of smartphone design features on smartphone acceptance and usage behavior are not well known. Thus, in this study, a questionnaire was constructed to identify design feature factors that are critical to the acceptance and usage behavior of smartphones. A total of 842 participants completed the questionnaire. Acceptance was measured on the basis of perceived ease of use (PEOU), perceived usefulness (PU), and intention to use (IU). Results of exploratory factor analysis indicated that users’ preference for smartphones consisted of the following nine factors: Interface element design, Smartphone characteristics, Physical characteristics, Touch feedback, Operation design, Display screen, Connectivity, Button, and Application. Results of hierarchical regression analysis indicated that Smartphone characteristics, Touch feedback, and Display screen significantly influenced PEOU. PU was significantly related to Smartphone characteristics, Application, and PEOU. IU was significantly associated with Smartphone characteristics, PEOU, and PU. The usage behavior of smartphones was significantly related to Connectivity, Interface element design, PEOU, PU, and IU. The proposed model comprising demographic variables, design features, and acceptance-related variables could explain 76.5% of the variance in the usage behavior of smartphones. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the effectiveness of a blended learning environment through analyzing the relationship between student characteristics/background, design features and learning outcomes. It is aimed at determining the significant predictors of blended learning effectiveness taking student characteristics/background and design features as independent variables and learning outcomes as dependent variables. A survey was administered to 238 respondents to gather data on student characteristics/background, design features and learning outcomes. The final semester evaluation results were used as a measure for performance as an outcome. We applied the online self regulatory learning questionnaire for data on learner self regulation, the intrinsic motivation inventory for data on intrinsic motivation and other self-developed instruments for measuring the other constructs. Multiple regression analysis results showed that blended learning design features (technology quality, online tools and face-to-face support) and student characteristics (attitudes and self-regulation) predicted student satisfaction as an outcome. The results indicate that some of the student characteristics/backgrounds and design features are significant predictors for student learning outcomes in blended learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Bartin University Journal of Faculty of Education is the property of Bartin University Journal of Faculty of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The early low-cost, wood burning Thermo-Acoustic Engine (TAE) known as Demo2.0-build-1 was developed by SCORE™ at the UK Centre and was capable of achieving 22.7 Watts of electricity. This prototype was limited to an operating temperature of about 300oC and due to excessive leaks could not operate continuously above ambient pressure. To absorb a thermal heat input of 4.4 kW from the burning wood so as to fulfil the required acoustic power, the Hot Heat Exchanger (HHX) requires heating to the highest possible temperature. Therefore, a corrugated stainless steel plate HHX design that maximises heating surface area was adopted to the current Demo2 TAE design. In addition, the system is often pressurised to achieve higher acoustic intensity. Rigorous sealing of the system at high temperature is also required. A Demo2.1 TAE design based on the Demo2 TAE design and its prototype which is developed recently by the SCORE™ Centre in Malaysia was successfully constructed and well integrated with the stove. During the early construction and assembly process, fabrication difficulties and serious leak problems around the HHX’s edges were found when the apparatus operated at high temperatures. This is because the uneven geometrical HHX (convolution profile) makes it difficult and relatively costly to be sealed. The Demo2.1 TAE is focused on the sealing efficiency and effective manufacturing cost by meantime to allow further modification variation. The design was made to adopt the local manufacturing technologies and materials available or easy to access in Malaysia. It also aims to minimise the parasitic heat losses to lower the system onset temperature. By removing the Linear Alternator and Tuning Volume from the system, preliminary measurements shown that the apparatus was oscillating at the frequency of 70 Hz. A much lower onset temperature was observed at around 144oC for the new configuration when the apparatus was oscillating at approximately 200 Pa. This paper describes the main design features of the Demo2.1 TAE including easy fabrication and assembly methodology, together with apparatus construction and rig test assessment.

Shopping center with atmospheric stimuli design needs to be well formulated in marketing strategy to expose its competitive advantage. As a result, most designs included in the marketing tactic scheme pay more attention to all factors related to the lifestyle in order to make designs exist and be appreciated by the society. Design is one of the key factors of shopping center to gain its success. This research aimed to find out to what extent the visitors perception is different towards shopping centers which has different lifecycles. The research studied two things, first was exploratory research intended to find the embodiment of atmospheric (atmospheric variables).The second research was done in a quantitative method, (multiple regression). This research studied the perception of a hundred mall visitors regarding how the variables of the interior atmosphere affected their shopping habit. The independent variables in the research were the exterior features and building configuration, interior features and supporting facilities. The dependent variable was the the visitor behavior. As a conclusion, the atmospheric interior design of a mall that is embodied in its interior element supported the hypothesis which said that existence of experience which felt differently according to visitor perception at shopping centers in different lifecyle.

Background: Globally, 81% of youth do not meet the physical activity (PA) guidelines. Youth of families with a low socioeconomic position are less likely to meet the recommended PA guidelines. Mobile health (mHealth) interventions are preferred by youth over traditional in-person approaches and are in line with their media preferences. Despite the promise of mHealth interventions in promoting PA, a common challenge is to engage users in the long term or effectively. Earlier reviews highlighted the association of different design features (eg, notifications and rewards) with engagement among adults. However, little is known about which design features are important for increasing engagement among youth., Objective: To inform the design process of future mHealth tools, it is important to investigate the design features that can yield effective user engagement. This systematic review aimed to identify which design features are associated with engagement in mHealth PA interventions among youth who were aged between 4 and 18 years., Methods: A systematic search was conducted in EBSCOhost (MEDLINE, APA PsycINFO, and Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection) and Scopus. Qualitative and quantitative studies were included if they documented design features associated with engagement. Design features and related behavior change techniques and engagement measures were extracted. Study quality was assessed according to the Mixed Method Assessment Tool, and one-third of all screening and data extraction were double coded by a second reviewer., Results: Studies (n=21) showed that various features were associated with engagement, such as a clear interface, rewards, multiplayer game mode, social interaction, variety of challenges with personalized difficulty level, self-monitoring, and variety of customization options among others, including self-set goals, personalized feedback, progress, and a narrative. In contrast, various features need to be carefully considered while designing mHealth PA interventions, such as sounds, competition, instructions, notifications, virtual maps, or self-monitoring, facilitated by manual input. In addition, technical functionality can be considered as a prerequisite for engagement. Research addressing youth from low socioeconomic position families is very limited with regard to engagement in mHealth apps., Conclusions: Mismatches between different design features in terms of target group, study design, and content translation from behavior change techniques to design features are highlighted and set up in a design guideline and future research agenda., Trial Registration: PROSPERO CRD42021254989; https://tinyurl.com/5n6ppz24., (©Ayla Schwarz, Laura H H Winkens, Emely de Vet, Dian Ossendrijver, Kirsten Bouwsema, Monique Simons. Originally published in JMIR mHealth and uHealth (https://mhealth.jmir.org), 06.03.2023.)