Search

Purpose: Systematic dental check-ups play a vital role in maintaining good oral health. When oral examinations are performed as regularly as recommended, the dentist may be the first health care provider to diagnose a health problem in its early stages. The aim of the study was to identify and assess determinants of dental check-up among students of Suwałki (Poland), Grodno (Belarus) or Lviv (Ukraine) universities taking sociodemographic variables into account.Materials and Methods: Data were collected from 2013 to 2016 among freshman students of Polish (n = 1245), Belarusian (n = 1012) and Ukrainian universities (n = 688). The study was performed with the diagnostic survey method, using a questionnaire designed by the authors. In order to identify the determinants of dental check-ups, logistic regression analysis was applied.Results: A majority of students visited a dentist for a check-up at least once a year (32.7% twice a year; 41.0% once a year). Women from Belarus (OR 1.690; 95% CI: 1.256-2.273) or Poland (OR 1.832; 95% CI: 1.374-2.442) underwent dental check-ups with a higher frequency, as did students whose financial situation was very good or good (Belarus: OR 1.574; 95% CI: 1.184-2.093 or Poland OR 1.604; 95% CI: 1.227-2.096). Variables related to students' health behaviours, i.e. smoking, alcohol consumption or drug use, were not statistically significant.Conclusions: The frequency of stomatological control examinations among students from Polish, Belarusian or Ukrainian universities is high. The frequency of dental examination among students is conditioned by sociodemographic factors. Regular check-ups at the dentist are more prevalent for women and those students from Polish or Belarusian universities who rated their financial situation as good or very good. In Belarusian or Ukrainian respondents, maintaining healthy eating habits was a positive predictor of dental check-up attendance, while in Polish students self-evaluation of health was a negative one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: While periodontal disease (PD) has been associated with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and osteoporosis, the underlying genetic mechanisms for these associations remain largely unknown. The aim of this study is to apply cross-trait genetic analyses to investigate the potentially shared biology among PD, T2D, and bone mineral density (BMD) by assessing pairwise genetic correlations and searching for shared polymorphisms. Methods: We applied cross-trait genetic analyses leveraging genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for: Periodontitis/loose teeth from the UKBB/GLIDE consortium (PerioLT, N=506594), T2D from the DIAGRAM consortium (Neff=228825), and BMD from the GEFOS consortium (N=426824). Among all three, pair-wise genetic correlations were estimated with linkage disequilibrium (LD) score regression. Multi-trait meta-analysis of GWAS (MTAG) and colocalization analyses were performed to discover shared genome-wide significant variants (pMTAG <5x10-8). For replication, we conducted independent genetic analyses in the Women's Genome Health Study (WGHS), a prospective cohort study of middle-aged women of whom 14711 provided self-reported periodontal disease diagnosis, oral health measures, and periodontal risk factor data including incident T2D. Results: Significant genetic correlations were identified between PerioLT/T2D (Rg=0.23; SE=0.04; p=7.4e-09) and T2D/BMD (Rg=0.09; SE=0.02; p=9.8e-06). Twenty-one independent pleiotropic variants were identified via MTAG (pMTAG<5x10-8 across all traits). Of these variants, genetic signals for PerioLT and T2D colocalized at one candidate variant (rs17522122; ProbH4 = 0.58), a 3'UTR variant of AKAP6. Colocalization between T2D/BMD and the original PerioLT GWAS p-values suggested 14 additional loci. In the independent WGHS sample, which includes responses to a validated oral health questionnaire for PD surveillance, the primary shared candidate (rs17522122) was associated with less frequent dental flossing [OR (95%CI)= 0.92 (0.87-0.98), p=0.007], a response that is correlated with worse PD status. Moreover, 4 additional candidate variants were indirectly supported by associations with less frequent dental flossing [rs75933965, 1.17(1.04-1.31), p=0.008], less frequent dental visits [rs77464186, 0.82(0.75-0.91), p=0.0002], less frequent dental prophylaxis [rs67111375, 0.91(0.83-0.99), p=0.03; rs77464186, 0.80(0.72-0.89), p=3.8e-05], or having bone loss around teeth [rs8047395, 1.09(1.03-1.15), p=0.005]. Discussion: This integrative approach identified one colocalized locus and 14 additional candidate loci that are shared between T2D and PD/oral health by comparing effects across PD, T2D and BMD. Future research is needed to independently validate our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Theatrical Colloquia is the property of George Enescu University of Arts, Artes Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Context: Gingivitis is among the most prevalent periodontal disease occurring in the oral cavity, which is plaque induced and if untreated, can progress to periodontitis. Various adjunct chemotherapeutic agents are available for plaque control with their own pros and cons. Hence, a plaque-controlling therapeutic agent which is readily available at low cost and without any side effects is the need of the hour. According to the ancient texts, Ayurveda and the traditional culture of India, Curcuma longa is used externally for inflammation of skin and mucosa. Aims: To evaluate the therapeutic effect of curcuma gel on gingival health and its possible usage in the treatment of gingivitis. Settings and Design: This study comprises hundred participants with gingivitis which were divided randomly in two groups. Subjects and Methods: Experimental group - Scaling and topical application of curcuma gel and control group - Scaling alone without the topical application of curcuma gel. Clinical parameters (Gingival Index, Gingival Bleeding Index, and Plaque Index) were assessed at different time intervals (0, 7, 14, and 21 days) in both experimental and control groups. Statistical Analysis Used: Within groups, a repeated measures ANOVA model was used for repeated observations over a period which is followed by the Dunnett test for multiple comparisons. Experimental and control groups were compared for normally distributed data by Student's t-test. Whereas for skewed data, the Wilcoxon test or Mann-Whitney U-test was employed. Results: Statistically significant improvement of gingival health parameters was seen in the group which received topical curcuma oral gel application after scaling compared with the control group. Conclusions: Significant improvement in clinical parameters of gingivitis on the application of Curcuma oral gel after scaling with no obvious adverse effects suggesting its possible use as a topical adjunct treatment in clinical or community level prevention as well as treatment programs in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Accidental exposure to blood and other biological fluids in the healthcare setting carries a variable risk for the acquisition of infectious diseases, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and the Hepatitis C (HCV) and B (HBV) viruses. Material and method: In this context, it is vitally important that medical personnel are fully informed and trained on the proper protocol for managing unexpected occupational exposure. The objective of this study is to evaluate the level of knowledge of the medical staff of the IESS Quevedo General Hospital about occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (PEPO) to HIV. An observational, cross-sectional and prospective approach was adopted to collect the relevant data. The sample consisted of 94 doctors. Statistics and Result: A questionnaire designed by the principal investigator was used to assess the knowledge of medical personnel about PEPO. The data obtained were analyzed using the Excel 2016 statistical package. It is important to note that the study was approved by the institution's bioethics committee to guarantee ethics in research. To strengthen the practices and knowledge of medical personnel, it is essential to promote a constant update of the protocols and action measures against risk exposures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The use of antibiotic prophylaxis in dental implant surgery is a routine dental practice to prevent implant failure. Current systematic reviews have yet to confirm the effectiveness of antibiotic treatment at reducing postoperative infection rates in implant procedures. The aim of this study was to quantify amoxicillin plasma levels at the peripheral venous blood and at the surgical implant site in patients undergoing dental treatment. Materials and Methods: A prospective study was conducted. Patients undergoing dental implant surgery were selected, and preoperative doses of 1 g of amoxicillin, in the form of an oral tablet, were administered 1 hour prior to implant surgery. The blood samples (1.5 mL) were collected from both the venous and implant sites. Data on the antibiotics were measured using high-pressure liquid chromatography. The quantification method was validated for linearity, selectivity and detection limits. Statistical analysis of plasma antibiotic was performed, comparing both samples and the age, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) (Wilcoxon test, P < .05; STATA v.10.0). Results: Thirty-two patients (mean age: 56.28 ± 12.2 years; range: 31 to 79 years; 20 men) were selected. Both blood samples were taken at a mean 1.16 ± 0.37 hours after antibiotic intake. The mean amoxicillin concentration at the implant site reached 5 ± 2.63 μg/mL (range: 2.04 to 11.18 μg/mL), while the venous blood level was 4.21 ± 2.12 μg/mL (range: 1.6 to 9.98 μg/mL) (P = .33). No correlations were observed between age, height, weight, and BMI with antibiotic plasma levels. Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that plasma concentrations of a prophylactic dose of amoxicillin are higher than the minimum inhibitory concentration needed to prevent the common dental bacteria involved in peri-implantitis and periodontal diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral prophylaxis is a preventive measure against the occurrence of dental problems that affect oral tissues with varying degrees of severity. Many factors contribute to the symptoms of oral diseases. Symptoms that are often felt are tooth staining, bad breath, and sensitive teeth. This study aims to analyze the relationship between oral prophylactic behavior and the presence of oral disease symptoms. It is a crosssectional, analytic observation study that was carried out at the Manarul Huda Islamic Boarding School Bandung on 35 students. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 23.0 software and association analysis was performed using the chi-square test. The results showed that more than half of the students had good oral prophylaxis (54.3%), and the most common mouth complaint was bad breath (57.1%). There was a significant relationship between poor oral prophylaxis and complaints of bad breath (81.3%) with a p-value = 0.021. The study emphasizes the importance of oral prophylactic behavior. Prevention, treatment, and management of oral complaints through oral prophylaxis are beneficial for achieving successful oral health for children, adolescents, and adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to assess the influence of professional dental prophylaxis on the translucency and color stability of a novel simplified shade nanohybrid composite material. Sixty composite disks (5 mm in diameter and 2 mm thick) of light (n = 30) and dark (n = 30) shades were prepared. The specimens were randomly divided into the following three groups (n = 10) according to the prophylaxis procedure used: ultrasonic scaling, air-powder polishing with sodium bicarbonate, and controls. The specimens were submitted to translucency and color analysis based on the CIELab system. Two measurements were performed before and after 48-h storage in coffee. Translucency values of untreated light and dark specimens were 9.15 ± 0.38 and 5.28 ± 1.10, respectively. Air-powder polishing decreased the translucency of the light composite specimens. Storage in coffee resulted in color changes (∆E) ranging between 2.69 and 12.05 and a mean translucency decrease ranging between −0.88 and −6.91. The samples in the light group tended to exhibit greater staining; the treatment method had no effect on ∆E. It can be concluded that light-shade composite restorations are more prone to translucency and color changes resulting from air-powder polishing and contact with staining media. However, further research using other composites and powders is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lactobacillus rhamnosus SD11 is a probiotic derived from the human oral cavity and has potential being used for dental prophylaxis. The cell free supernatant (CFS) of L. rhamnosus SD11 has good antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. This study aimed to incorporate CFS of the probiotic into thermoresponsive copolymers to create a sol–gel formulation. The sol–gel formulation was developed using Poloxamer 407 as the main polymer, which was mixed with natural polymers such as gellan gum, sodium alginate, and xyloglucan in different proportions. The sol–gel formulations were characterized based on their physicochemical parameters such as appearance, pH, viscosity, flow-ability in low temperature, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. An in vitro release study was performed using Franz's diffusion cell and the stability was determined under freeze-thaw cycle conditions. The combination of 15% w/v of poloxamer 407 with 0.5% w/v of sodium alginate was the best sol–gel formulation to deliver the CFS of the probiotic. This study was successful in creating a sol–gel formulation using a thermoresponsive copolymer, that could efficiently deliver CFS of the probiotic L. rhamnosus SD11. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral health is a window to a patient's general well-being. Balance in oral microbiome functions is crucial for health maintenance. A state of oral dysbiosis may lead to a variety of local and systemic pathological conditions. The presence of dental plaque is related to the majority of oral infections. Proper oral hygiene is crucial and the most economic practice contributing to oral health prophylaxis. Aside from prophylactic treatments provided by dental practitioners, mouth rinses, containing antimicrobial agents, are one of the possible tools used for oral care. Our study was to determine whether available mouth rinses and selected products dedicated for professional use are efficient to eradicate biofilm formed by reference and clinical strains of Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sanguinis, Streptococcus oralis, Streptococcus mitis, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Candida albicans on the surface of hydroxyapatite – major mineral component of a tooth. Therefore, such antimicrobials as chlorhexidine, cetylpyridine chloride, polyhexanide, silver nanoparticles, sulphonated phenolics, and natural antiplaque essential oils and coconut oil were analyzed. Applied experimental settings in in vitro models were designed to reflect accurately the recommended use of the tested substances, therefore four types of eradication procedure were conducted. Sialorrhea simulation was also performed to evaluate antibiofilm potential of diluted mouth rinses. Biofilm was investigated with quantitative method where absorbance values were measured. Statistical differences were assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test with a post-hoc Dunnett's analysis. Results have shown that biofilms displayed a diversified sensitivity to the tested antimicrobials. The highest antibiofilm activity was detected for cetylpyridine chloride while the lowest for chlorhexidine. However the differences in E. faecalis biofilm reduction observed after the use of these two compounds were not statistically significant (p > 0.05), whereas all observed differences in S. aureus survival after exposure to the examined antimicrobial agents were statistically significant (p < 0.5). The PHMB, both in standard and in sialorrhea simulated conditions had the highest potential against streptococci. The coconut oil reduced C. albicans fungus biofilm by 65.48% but low eradication level was observed in case of bacterial biofilms. The dehydrating mechanism of action of sulfonated phenolics turned out to be ineffective against streptococcal biofilm which in turn was effectively eradicated by silver nanoparticles. The implementation of Antibiofilm Dressing's Activity Measurement method allowed to observe strain-related differences in terms of antimicrobial sensitivity. The obtained results may be introduced in everyday out-patient dental plaque prophylaxis as well as clinical environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main causative factor for periodontal diseases is dental plaque. The most effective way to remove plaque is tooth brushing using dentifrice. Recently, due to the side effects of commercially available chemical dentifrices, herbal toothpaste is gaining popularity. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of herbal and nonherbal toothpaste on gingival health. The current study involved 100 outpatients reported to Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. Each patient received oral prophylaxis and for 3 days, they were told not to use any other oral hygiene products. The subjects were assigned randomly into the test group (Colgate Herbal) and control group (Colgate). Thirty days later, the plaque and gingival indices were recorded and compared with the baseline using an unpaired t-test (SPSS software, version 23). The mean plaque index at baseline was 1.4 ± 0.6 (herbal) and 1.3 ± 0.7 (nonherbal), and after 30 days, the scores were 1.0 ± 0.5 and 0.9 ± 0.3, respectively. The mean gingival index score for herbal and nonherbal dentifrice at baseline was 1.19 ± 0.5 and 0.9 ± 0.2, and at 30th day, it was 1.1 ± 0.4 and 1.0 ± 0.4, respectively. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups. Herbal dentifrices are just as effective as nonherbal dentifrices at reducing plaque and improving gingival health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This single-center, randomized controlled trial aimed to determine the effectiveness of a novel, biofilm-disrupting, mouth rinse that combines Cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) and essential oils in preventing re-accumulation of supragingival plaque and supragingival microbiome in patients with gingivitis after dental prophylaxis. Methods: One hundred eighteen participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive twice-daily test mouth rinse (59) or carrier rinse control (59) for 12 weeks after dental prophylaxis. Results: In a per-protocol analysis that included patients who completed the intervention, the treatment group (39) had significantly lower supragingival plaque scores at 6 and 12 weeks compared to the control group (41; p = 0.022). Both groups showed similar improvement in gingivitis score, but neither group had improvement in bleeding score or probing depth. Thirty-eight (29%) patients did not complete the study due to loss of follow-up (17) or early discontinuation of the assigned intervention (21). Microbiome sequencing showed that the treatment rinse significantly depleted abundant and prevalent members of the supragingival plaque microbiome consortium. Conclusions: Among patients with gingivitis, the novel mouth rinse significantly reduced re-accumulation of supragingival plaque following dental prophylaxis by depleting supragingival plaque microbiome. However, long-term adherence to the rinse may be limited by adverse effects (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT03154021). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Children and young patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at persistent risk of gingivitis despite usual preventive measures. This clinical study aimed to determine the efficacy of an intensive oral preventive programme (OPP) for young patients with CKD in treating plaque-induced gingivitis modified by systemic factors., Methods: Young patients with CKD (N = 30) were recruited/randomised to a need-related OPP (n = 15) or treatment as usual (TAU) including mainly motivation and instructions (controls, n = 15) followed by a single intensive prophylactic appointment after 3 months. For the OPP group, depending on the baseline degree of inflammation (PBI) professional mechanical plaque removal, local chlorhexidine gel application and mouth rinse were applied at need-related appointments focussing on local plaque control and reduction in inflammation., Results: After 3 months OPP, lower plaque indices were found (2.62-0.66, p < 0.05) in contrast to TAU (2.32-2.05, p > 0.05) with differences between study groups (p < 0.05). Regarding gingivitis, lower PBI values than baseline were observed in OPP (1.03-0.05, p < 0.05) than TAU (1.15-1.00; p > 0.05); OPP reductions (effect size) were higher than after a single intensive appointment (1.00-0.36; p < 0.05). Degree of immunosuppressive therapy did not differ between groups throughout the study., Conclusions: Young patients with CKD suffer from generalised gingivitis with increased bleeding sites. This moderate degree of inflammation shows a normal distribution of high and low plaque responders, with no pattern of impact for the degree of immunosuppression. Effectiveness and duration of preventive measures follow a dose-response principle. Therefore, need-related preventive measures should be implemented and maintained in future regular care for CKD patients., Trial Registration: German Clinical Trials Register, registration number: DRKS00010580., (© 2024 The Author(s). International Journal of Dental Hygiene published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Background/Aim. There is no scientific evidence that the prophylactic use of antibiotics as a part of the mandibular third molar surgery is effective in suppressing postoperative pain, edema, trismus, and dry socket. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of antibiotics from the fluoroquinolone (moxifloxacin) and cephalosporin (cefixime) groups in reducing postoperative inflammatory sequelae (pain, edema, and trismus), as well as in possibly reducing the incidence of dry socket after mandibular third molar surgery. Methods. This double-blind study was completed by 157 subjects, comprising two study groups (who received the aforementioned antibiotics) and a control group, who received placebo tablets. Subjects were assessed on the first, second, and seventh day following surgery. In the postoperative course, patients were monitored for the occurrence, intensity, and duration of postoperative inflammatory sequelae and dry socket. Results. Both antibiotics, especially moxifloxacin, had a pronounced effect on reducing all inflammatory sequelae (pain, edema, and trismus) as the most common postoperative complaints following mandibular third molar surgery, and also contributed to reducing the incidence of dry socket. Conclusion. Antibiotic prophylaxis with cefixime and, especially moxifloxacin, reduced the occurrence of postoperative inflammatory sequelae and alleviated discomfort. It is interesting, that both antibiotics, especially moxifloxacin, also contributed to reducing the incidence of postoperative dry socket, which is not provoked by inflammation. Therefore, further research into the underlying mechanisms behind such an effect is warranted.

The document discusses the Right to Education in India, emphasizing the importance of providing education to all children aged 6-14 years. It highlights the role of pediatric dentists in promoting oral health awareness as part of education and general health. The editorial encourages pediatric dentists to create teachable moments to educate children effectively and seize opportunities for learning. It stresses the need for pediatric dentists to be prepared, create a conducive environment for learning, and develop effective communication strategies to ensure that every child receives proper education and oral health education. [Extracted from the article]

A dvertising claims in the cosmetics sector serve to inform the end consumer about the qualities and characteristics of cosmetic products. They are essential instruments to differentiate between products; they stimulate innovation and foster competition. For cosmetic product claims to adequately serve their purpose, it is important to ensure that they are fair and do not mislead the consumer. The second part supplements the recommendation [1] of the GÖCH Working Group "Cosmetic Claims" published in 2019 with examples of evidence of efficacy and associated claim possibilities for dental and oral care products in each case. Special attention is paid to questions of borderline cases, the evaluation of fluoridated and fluoride-free products as well as tooth whitening products. This document is also intended to be of particular help to small and medium-sized enterprises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical use of antibiotics prophylaxis (AP) for preventing infective endocarditis (IE) after invasive dental procedures is controversial. Expert consensus guidelines are inconsistent, either restricting its use to high-risk individuals or advising its use again. Objectives: To determine whether there is a genuine need for AP to prevent IE in high-risk patients undergoing invasive dental procedures. Methods: Online search was performed on PubMed, Science Direct, British Dental Journal and Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials. The methodological quality of each study was assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Results: Seventeen (17) clinical trials were included in the final analysis recruiting 2,410 patients (AP = 1,366; placebo = 1,044). Bacteraemia was detected in 302 AP patients (22.1%) and 362 placebo patients (34.7%). AP reduced the risk of bacteraemia by 49% (risk ratio: 0.51; 95% CI; 0.45 to 0.58; P = 0.0001). Conclusion: Although using AP for IE may be pragmatic and justified for high-risk patients undergoing invasive dental procedures, the evidence is inconclusive because post-procedural bacteraemia may not be a good surrogate marker for IE. Moreover, trials investigating the direct association between AP and IE are lacking due to low disease prevalence and high-cost challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emojis are used to communicate emotional content as conversational indicators. Emojis of human faces are unrivaled in communication since they can discern between several basic emotions with great precision while also being universal. Aim: Assessment of children's emotions before, during, and after the dental treatment procedure: An emoji-based study. Materials and Methods: A total of 85 children, ranging in age from 6 to 12 years, were separated into four groups. Group 1 required local anesthetic for restoration, while Group 2 required extraction. Pulp treatment was in Group 3 and oral prophylaxis was in Group 4. All groups used an animated emoji scale (AES) to quantify anxiety before, during, and after the dental treatment procedure. Results: There was a statistically significant difference when the mean scores of the four treatment groups were compared before, during, and after the procedure. When Group 2 was compared to Groups 1, 3, and 4 there was a statistically significant difference in the anxiety of the research participant before, during, and after the procedures (P = 0.01). Groups 2, 3, and 4 were statistically significant after the treatment procedure (P = 0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that the AES can be a useful tool in tracking a patient's emotions during the dental treatment procedure to initiate appropriate behavior management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the efficacy and durability of bleaching with diode lasers over a 9-month period. This study evaluated 27 extracted teeth categorized into 3 bleaching groups (n = 9): 940-nm diode laser, 980-nm diode laser, and 40% hydrogen peroxide whitening gel (control). After the baseline color of the teeth was measured using a spectrophotometer, the teeth underwent dental prophylaxis and their color was measured again. Bleaching treatment was then performed. The color of the teeth was measured Immediately after bleaching and 1 day (24 hours), 1 week, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months, and 9 months after bleaching. The Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) L'a'b* color change (ΔE*) at each timepoint was calculated and compared using repeated-measures analysis of variance. All bleaching techniques effectively whitened the teeth to a clinically perceptible level (ΔE* > 3.3), and there were no statistically significant differences among the groups (P > 0.05). The mean ΔE* values of the laser groups were not significantly different from the mean value of the control group during the 9-month evaluation period (P > 0.05). However, statistically significant differences among the groups were noted when color measurements at the following timepoints were compared: immediately after bleaching vs 1 day; 1 day vs 1 week; and 3 months vs 6 months (P < 0.05). Use of a 940-nm diode laser, 980-nm diode laser, or conventional hydrogen peroxide gel provided equally effective bleaching. The color change remained clinically perceptible throughout the 9-month period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Early childhood caries is a challenge. Early dental screening flanked by multidisciplinary preventions by pediatricians, dentists, and midwives (MWs) may be helpful. New recommendations for dental screening in children (FUs) and fluoride have been introduced in Germany. The aim of this study was to investigate whether midwives consider FUs useful and implement early childhood caries prevention, as well as fluoride recommendations. The survey was conducted using an online questionnaire. Demographic data, including 11 items on early childhood dental prophylaxis and fluoride, were requested. Agreement was recorded using Likert scales. The data were analyzed descriptively. Two hundred and seventeen female MWs participated (age: 44.1 (11.04) years). One hundred and four (47.9%) participants knew about the FUs. Of the MWs, 30.7% found a referral from the first tooth to be very important (important/neutral/unimportant: 27%/27.9%/14.4%), compared with 84.8% for the entire primary dentition (11.8%/2.8%/0.5%). Of the MWs, 41.7% always recommended fluoride toothpaste from the first tooth (often/occasionally/rarely/never: 22.7%/12.4%/7.9%/15.3%) and 48.1% completely rejected fluoride-free toothpaste (always/often/occasionally/rarely: 9.8%/8.9%/17.3%/15.9%). In addition, 54.8% never recommended the use of fluoride tablets (always/often/occasionally/rarely: 9.2%/7.4%/10.2%/18.4%). The FUs are not yet well-known among MWs, and only less than one-third recommended dental check-ups, starting with the first tooth. This contrasts with the high uptake of fluoridated toothpaste. More educational work should be carried out to convince more MWs of the benefits of the FUs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author highlights the 100-year anniversary of the American Dental Hygienists' Association (ADHA) in 2023. She talks about the first ADHA gathering held in Cleveland, Ohio, the changes in many state laws during the 1950s-1970s concerning dental hygienist employment, and the characteristics that are needed for dental hygienists to be successful in new practice settings.

Purpose: The purpose of this retrospective study was to provide practice-based evidence to determine if the consistency of dental hygiene therapy, despite utilizing instrumentation literature that has proven to cause alterations to implant surfaces, affects peri-implant health or survival. Materials and Methods: The study sample comprised patients with implant-supported full-arch fixed dental prostheses who were distributed into two groups. The consistent hygiene group patients had dental hygiene therapy at a minimum biannually and were exposed to at least three dental hygiene instrument materials. The inconsistent hygiene group patients had dental hygiene therapy at a minimum once every 3 to 10 years and were exposed to at least three dental hygiene instrument materials. Years of survival free of soft tissue pathology and/or implant failure were estimated. Continuous features were summarized with medians, interquartile ranges (IQRs) and ranges; categorical features were summarized with frequency counts and percentages. Results: Among 48 patients in the consistent hygiene group, 11 patients experienced soft tissue pathology or implant failure at a median of 11.3 years; among 99 patients in the inconsistent hygiene group, 17 patients experienced soft tissue pathology or implant failure at a median of 4.8 years. The survival free of soft tissue pathology or implant failure rate at 5 years was 94% for the consistent hygiene group and 91% for the inconsistent hygiene group. The survival free of soft tissue pathology or implant failure rate at 20 years was 70% for the consistent hygiene group and 79% for the inconsistent hygiene group (P = .91). Conclusion: Although no statistical differences were found between the groups, this practice-based evidence suggests more consistent dental hygiene therapy increases the median in years in which soft tissue pathology or implant failure is present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A correction is presented to the article "Clinical Evaluation of an Er:YAG Laser Combined With Scaling and Root Planing for Non-surgical Periodontal Treatment," which appeared in the previous issue of the magazine.

Objective. To see how effective a blended teaching model based on a small private online course (SPOC) is in a science popularization education course on oral health-general health (OHGH). Methods. The SPOC blended teaching model was created using an elective classroom course "Oral Prophylaxis and Hygiene" in conjunction with an online learning course called "Preventive Dentistry" from the China University massive open online course (MOOC) for the science popularization education on OHGH. Students' evaluations and teaching efficacy of this science popularization education course were tested using pre- and postcourse questionnaires. Results. In all, 105 valid questionnaires were returned. Before the course, 95.2% of the students expressed an interest in learning more knowledge on oral disease and OHGH. When compared to those of the precourse, students' knowledge of oral diseases and OHGH was significantly higher (P < 0.0001) and the associated practice after science popularization education was much increased (P < 0.0001 or P = 0.0005), except for root canal therapy (P = 0.3886). The scores of students on the scientific popularization task also improved when compared to those of the previous classroom-only teaching (P < 0.0001). In the postcourse questionnaire, students rated the SPOC teaching mode significantly higher than both online learning and classroom teaching alone (P < 0.0001 ; P = 0.0117); the SPOC blended teaching was judged as more suitable for science popularization education (P < 0.0001). Conclusion. The application of the SPOC teaching mode for the science popularization education course on OHGH to nonmedical undergraduates has better teaching outcomes and is more likely to be accepted by college students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transpositions are rare anomalies where there is an exchange of positions between two adjacent teeth. Treatment, ideally involves alignment of teeth, consideration for aesthetic, social and functional purposes. This article/case report describes transposition in two sisters of age 11 and 14 year and discusses the treatment possibilities for aesthetic and functional needs. The treatment considerations encompass comprehensive caries management: restorative and endodontic treatments including a gutta percha obturation of a pulpally involved primary molar for delaying the resorption, preventive care and regular follow-ups until definitive treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: As the need for care increases with higher age, so does the need for assistance with oral hygiene. A recent study analyzed the clinical effectiveness of oral hygiene assistance provided by caregivers. The current secondary analysis of this study aimed to assess pleasant and unpleasant perceptions of patients while being brushed and to investigate whether these perceptions depend on the qualification of the person brushing and the type of toothbrush used (manual vs. powered). Methods: First, a qualitative study was conducted. This aimed at developing the questionnaire. Items were extracted on the basis of qualitative interviews with a sample of 6. A delphi process ensured the content validity of the final instrument. The main study comprised 39 periodontitis patients with reduced oral hygiene capability randomized to one of four groups: brushing carried out by trained laypeople or dental professionals, each using a manual or powered toothbrush at three different time points during anti-infective periodontal therapy. Patient perceptions of the third-party toothbrushing were assessed immediately after brushing. Results: Patients reported mainly positive feelings regarding being brushed by a third person and the interaction with this person during brushing. Neither the professional background of the brushing person nor the type of brush had a significant influence on pleasant and unpleasant perceptions (all F < 3.30, all p > 0.07, all η2 < 0.10). Conclusions: Patient perceptions of third-party toothbrushing are mainly positive regarding wellbeing and interactions with the toothbrushing person, and do not depend on the qualification of the brushing person or the toothbrush used (manual versus powered). Trial registration https://www.germanctr.de, No. DRKS00018779 (04/11/2019). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Flossing is a well-known component of daily recommended oral care regimens, but patients often find it challenging to perform effectively on a regular basis. The purpose of this 12-week supervised clinical trial was to investigate the effects of twice daily rinsing with a mouthrinse containing a fixed combination of four essential oils (4EO) and supervised daily dental flossing regimens as compared to a negative control 5% hydroalcohol rinse (NC) on the prevention and reduction of plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding. Methods: Volunteer participants who met the inclusion criteria were randomized into the following groups for the 12week trial: 1) NC; 2) mouthrinse containing 4EO; 3) professional flossing performed by a dental hygienist (FBH); 4) supervised self-flossing (FUS). All participants received a professional dental prophylaxis prior to beginning the trial. On weekday mornings, all participants brushed on site. After brushing, the rinse groups used their products under supervision, and the floss groups had their teeth flossed by a dental hygienist or self-flossed under supervision. Participants performed their assigned regimen in the evenings and the twice-daily weekend use at home. Each individual assessment of oral hard and soft tissue, plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding at weeks 4 and 12, probing depth and bleeding on probing at week 12 was made by the same calibrated examiner. Results: Of 156 randomized participants, 149 completed the trial. Use of the 4EO mouthrinse statistically significantly reduced plaque, gingivitis, and gingival bleeding on probing after 12 weeks as compared to the NC rinse. Both flossing interventions statistically significantly reduced interproximal gingivitis and gingival bleeding at 12 weeks compared to the NC rinse; neither flossing intervention significantly reduced interproximal plaque after 12 weeks compared to the NC rinse. Conclusions: Rinsing with a 4EO mouthrinse statistically significantly improved all oral health outcome measures at all time points compared to a NC rinse in this 12-week clinical trial. While professional and supervised flossing improved gingival health compared to use of the NC rinse, statistically significant plaque reduction with dental flossing was not attained at the end of the 12-week trial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fear of medical liability is a major driver for broad administration of perioperative prophylactic anticoagulation, despite the persistently low rates of clinically symptomatic venous thromboembolism events (VTE) postoperatively. This study was undertaken to evaluate the medicolegal landscape of perioperative VTE and its pharmaceutical prophylaxis. The Westlaw legal database was retrospectively searched for verdicts in medical professional liability cases in the United States between 2009 and 2020. One search strategy focused on perioperative VTE, and a second on claims of hemorrhagic complications in patients receiving perioperative anticoagulation. The search for VTE revealed 129 cases, and the search for hemorrhagic complications identified 24 cases. Almost half of the VTE cases were brought following orthopedic surgery (49%), and 29% following general surgery. The most common claims were failure to diagnose and treat during hospital stay or after discharge (74%), and failure to prescribe/administer anticoagulation (46%). Verdict for the health care professional (i.e., the defendant) was reached in 75% of cases. The median payout for patient verdicts was 1,213,644 USD (interquartile range 1,014,100; 150,000-7,700,000). Of hemorrhagic complication cases, 42% occurred in patients receiving VTE prophylaxis. In these cases, 82% resulted in a defendant verdict. Reasons for in-court medical professional liability claims involving perioperative VTE were mainly failure to diagnose VTE and rescue patients from complications postoperatively. The high rate of defendant verdicts supports the notion that decisions on VTE prophylaxis should not be influenced by fear of liability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food insecurity has emerged as a salient risk factor for poor oral health in adult populations. A separate area of research also details that both poor oral health and food insecurity during pregnancy can have adverse consequences for maternal and infant well-being. The authors examine the connection between food insecurity and women's oral health care experiences during pregnancy. Data from 2016 through 2019 came from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (N = 21,080). Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess the association between food insecurity and 6 indicators of oral health care experiences during pregnancy. Food-insecure women reported worse oral health care experiences during pregnancy, including being more likely to need to see a dentist for a problem, going to see a dentist for a problem, not receiving dental prophylaxis, not talking with an oral health care provider about dental health, not knowing it was important to care for teeth, and having unmet oral health care needs. Food-insecure women exhibit worse overall oral health outcomes and unmet oral health care needs during pregnancy. Considering the risk that both food insecurity and oral health problems pose for maternal and infant health, interventions that can reduce food insecurity and improve oral health and oral health care access among pregnant women are important steps in promoting greater health equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Prescribing antibiotic prophylaxis is common yet unnecessary for many dental visits. In this analysis, our objective was to assess whether the appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis has improved over time.Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using dental visits from 2016 to 2018 (data analyzed in 2021) using medical and prescriptions claims data of patients from the U.S. with commercial dental insurance. Antibiotic prophylaxis was defined as a ≤2 days' supply prescription dispensed within 7 days before a dental visit. Appropriateness of prophylaxis was defined on the basis of the manipulation of the gingiva/tooth periapex or oral mucosa perforation in patients with appropriate cardiac diagnoses. Associations between patient and visit characteristics and appropriateness of antibiotic prophylaxis were assessed using multiple Poisson regression.Results: Unnecessary antibiotic prophylaxis was highly prevalent in this cohort, ranging from 77.0% in 2016 to 78.5% in 2018. In the adjusted analysis, factors associated with unnecessary antibiotic prophylaxis included younger age, female sex, geographic region, rurality, type of antibiotic, and certain dental procedures. The factors associated with the highest risk of unnecessary prophylaxis in the adjusted analysis were orthodontic procedures and having a history of a prosthetic joint. Notably, the risk of unnecessary antibiotic prophylaxis decreased over time in the adjusted analysis.Conclusions: Unnecessary prescription of antibiotic prophylaxis by dentists continues to be common. Antimicrobial stewardship strategies are needed to improve prescribing by dentists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of indoor air in healthcare facilities, with an emphasis on dental offices, attracted the attention of the scientific community in the late 1960s. Since then, it has become evident that the indoor air quality is critical in modern dental care facilities for limiting the spread of airborne infections, including vaccine-preventable diseases, and a key component of safety for healthcare personnel and patients. In the past decades, the role of indoor air quality has also been recognized in non-healthcare facilities, given the increasing time spent indoors by humans. During the provision of dental care services, mainly in the field of restorative dentistry, high-speed dental handpieces emitting air and water are used, producing large quantities of aerosol and hovering inside the operations area. In modern dental offices, new devices emitting air/powder for cavities improvement and cleaning as well as for periodontal prophylactic cleaning and aesthetics are used. In addition, a new therapeutic protocol for the removal of bacterial biofilm, targeting treatment for peri-implant diseases and conditions using air-abrasive decontamination technology, has been introduced in daily dental practice. The aim of this non-systemic review is to present the current state of knowledge on the nature and dynamics of air splatters and to provide an update to management and control strategies in dental care facilities, focusing on air purification and ultraviolet devices proposed and used. The findings arising from the limited number of related published articles documenting the reduction in levels of particular matter 2.5 (PM2.5), PM10 and volatile organic compounds, allow us to conclude that the continuous operation of air purifiers during and after treatment, contributes considerably to the improvement of the indoor air quality in dental care facilities. Moreover, the utilization of air purifiers is highly recommended in dental practice to mitigate spread of infections, including vaccine-preventable diseases. Frequent cleaning and maintenance of the purifier sieves and filters and frequent renovation of the indoor air through physical ventilation by mean of open windows is imperative. More research on environmental contamination and particularly on viral contamination under real dental care conditions is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of dentalTarget is the property of dentalTarget and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: As parents increasingly turn to online videos for paediatric dental information, it is important to assess the content of those videos and determine whether parents are receiving accurate information. Aim: To describe and assess the video characteristics, viewer engagement, and content of the most‐viewed YouTube videos about a child's first dental visit. Design: The 100 most popular YouTube videos related to a child's first dental visit were assessed for consistency with current professional guidelines, which included a first visit by age 1, tooth cleaning or prophylaxis, fluoride application, caries risk assessment, dietary counseling, oral hygiene instruction, frequency of dental visits, and anticipatory guidance. Differences in video characteristics (length, age, and viewer engagement) were assessed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and the post hoc Mann–Whitney U test, and differences in content and characteristics by video upload source (healthcare professionals, parents/caregivers, and independent media outlets) were examined using the chi‐square test and the Fisher's exact test. Results: The predominant upload source was parents/caregivers (40%) followed by independent media outlets (32%) and healthcare professionals (28%). Median video length was 2 min, 24 s (IQR = 2:05–3:49), and median video age was 4 years (IQR = 3–4 years). Most videos were filmed in a paediatric dental office (73%) and focused on motivational vs. educational content (77% vs. 23%, respectively). With regard to viewer engagement, videos uploaded by media outlets generated higher viewing rates than those uploaded by parents/caregivers (mean rank [MR] = 44.7 vs. 24.8, respectively) and healthcare professionals (MR = 34.8 vs. 31.5) and higher interaction rates than those uploaded by parents/caregivers (MR = 50.8 vs. 25.0) and healthcare professionals (MR = 39.1 vs. 20.6). Videos uploaded by healthcare professionals were more likely to provide educational content consistent with professional recommendations, particularly regarding caries risk assessment (32.1%), dietary counseling (21.4%), and frequency of dental visits (10.7%), than videos uploaded by parents/caregivers (5.0%, 5.0%, and 0%, respectively) and media outlets (0%, 3.1%, and 0%, respectively). Conclusions: This study found that the most popular videos related to a child' first dental visit, as measured by viewer engagement, were uploaded by parents or caregivers, were longer and newer, and featured motivational rather than educational content. The 100 most‐viewed videos rarely presented information that was consistent with professional recommendations for children's oral health, particularly regarding caries risk assessment and anticipatory guidance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) of total hip (THA) or total knee arthroplasty (TKA) after dental procedures is uncommon, and antibiotic prophylaxis remains controversial. For high-risk patients, the American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons recommends amoxicillin prophylaxis. However, no systematic review of the literature of PJIs associated with dental procedures explores if amoxicillin is suitable for the reported organisms. Methods: A librarian-assisted search of the major databases (PubMed, Medline, Embase, Scopus) identified 954 articles. Only case reports, case series, and reviews with patient level data were included. After exclusions, 79 articles were fully reviewed. Results: Forty-four PJIs after dental procedures were identified, 22 in primary THA, 20 in primary TKA, one in revision THA, and one in a hip resurfacing procedure. Antibiotic prophylaxis was documented for 5 patients. The dental procedure was invasive in 35 (79.5%). Comorbidities were present in 17 patients (38.7%). The organisms reported were Streptococcus spp. in 44%, other aerobic gram-positives in 27%, anaerobic gram-positives in 18%, and gram-negative organisms in 11%. An estimated 46% of organisms may be resistant to amoxicillin. The outcomes of treatment were reported for 35 patients (79.5%). Twenty-seven patients (61.4%) had no clinical signs of PJI at the final follow-up visit. Conclusions: Lower extremity PJI associated with dental procedures is often caused by organisms unlikely to be prevented with amoxicillin. Additional studies are warranted to determine the choice and efficacy of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent dental-associated PJI in the highest risk patients. Insufficient data exist to recommend the optimal treatment for patients with PJI in THA and TKA associated with dental procedures.