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This research supports the self-determined growth of marginalised remote Australian Aboriginal tourism and the people and communities that underpin it. The complex contexts from which Aboriginal tourism has grown has resulted in it being marginalised, suffering low domestic demand and receiving nominal academic attention. Aboriginal tourism operators have been particularly neglected in research. However, the disappearance of traditional international markets due to COVID-19 has brought into focus the need to better understand how to support the industry and build domestic demand. We adopt a ‘critical turn’ approach to researching remote Aboriginal tourism in order to deliver new growth perspectives centred on operator narratives. Our Aboriginal-led research adopts an Indigenist research method to examine nine operators’ experiences against marketing brand growth literature that is being applied for the first time in this context. The findings provide an understanding of diverse marketing issues. They privilege the operator voice and thus support their visibility, space and opportunity. We recommend continuing to centre operator perspectives in building and empowering the industry for future growth. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Cet article propose une réflexion à partir de l’ouvrage De la Rhétorique à la communication de Roger Bautier. Il montre l’intérêt persistant de ce livre pour penser la communication, la rhétorique et la propagande dans l’espace public, en ce qu’il rassemble les questions de la place de l’image et de l’écrit, de l’argumentation scientifique, de la réception des médias, du social, du débat public, en interrogeant des approches théoriques des médias, de l’information et de la communication. Cette position « généraliste », analytique et théorique en sciences de l’information et de la communication, d’ancrage critique, liant communication et (désir de) pouvoir, permet de situer les objets dont s’empare cette discipline, à la fois dans leur profondeur historique et dans leurs dynamiques sociales. This article proposes a reflection based on Roger Bautier’s De la Rhétorique à la communication. It shows the persistent interest of this book in thinking about communication, rhetoric and propaganda in the public space, in that it brings together the questions of the place of the image and the writing, of scientific argumentation, of the reception of the media, of the social, of the public debate, by questioning theoretical approaches to the media, information and communication. This “generalist”, analytical and theoretical position in information and communication sciences, with a critical anchoring, linking communication and (the desire for) power, allows us to situate the objects that this discipline takes up, both in their historical depth and in their social dynamics.

Adult spinal deformity (ASD) comprises a range of aetiologies and pathologies affecting the lumbar, thoracic or thoracolumbar region during the ageing process. Management of ASD is an increasing health-care burden due to its prevalence in patients aged over 65 years and increasing age of populations in developed countries. Non-operative management of ASD has limited benefit, but may be appropriate for patients with a mild spinal deformity, who can cope with their level of symptoms, or those patients too frail for major spinal surgery. Surgical management of ASD is a major undertaking, associated with significant risks. Minimally invasive surgical (MIS) techniques are rapidly evolving and further research is required to determine the most suitable ASD patient profiles and clinical parameters for treatment by MIS, hybrid, or open techniques. Understanding the resources available for preoperative risk stratification, patient optimization and outcomes assessment following surgery can help to personalize risk-benefit discussions with patients and to develop pragmatic patient-specific surgical strategies for patients with ASD to obtain successful outcomes and reduce the risk of complications. This narrative review discusses patient assessment, treatment outcomes, and surgical strategies to manage patients with ASD.

El entorno cambiante en el que están inmersas las organizaciones en la actualidad, lleva a que estás tomen decisiones estratégicas bien fundamentadas, es por esto que los gerentes de marketing necesitan practicar de manera constante la formalización, implementación y evaluación de los planes estratégicos de marketing. La literatura previa sustenta la importancia de esta planificación en los resultados organizacionales, sin embargo, existen algunas barreras que tienen que ver con la cultura y las políticas, por ejemplo, la confianza en la planificación y sus resultados, la resistencia al cambio y la cognitiva que tienen que ver con la falta de conocimiento, habilidades e innovación. Es por esto que se planea un planteamiento crítico de la incidencia de la Planificación estratégica en el desempeño del marketing a través de una revisión de la literatura. Los resultados apuntan a que las relaciones entre la planeación estratégica del marketing y el impacto que genera dentro de las empresas al llevarlo a la práctica tiene resultados positivos en el desempeño, no obstante, se requiere de alto conocimiento del entorno para que la planificación sea efectiva respecto a los resultados.

The article makes some remarks about Ruy Fausto’s trajectory as a public intellectual and his relationship with the Left. It stresses his reexamination of Marx’s critical approach to capitalism, the analysis of the twentieth-century totalitarianisms as well as the European Social Democracy, and his criticism of the Brazilian Left and the PT governments. The article suggests an additional layer of interpretation to Ruy Fausto’s philosophical thought, pointing out how the political issues were at the core of his worldview.

Catalyst doping is a critical approach to improve the kinetics of MgH2. However, reported activation energy ( E a ) values of catalyzed MgH2 systems show a large discrepancy. This study investigates the effect of the driving force on E a for (de)hydrogenation reactions. The kinetic rate constant is calculated using Johnson-Mehl-Avrami-Kolomogorov (JMAK) model. E a is obtained according to a series of kinetic measurements under a nearly constant driving force. Under a low driving force ( P I n / P e q = 1.5 ) , the E a for dehydrogenation and hydrogenation are calculated to be 102.3 ± 5.0 and 41.6 ± 7.5 kJ/mol H2, respectively. Under a high driving force ( P I n / P e q = 10 ) , the E a for dehydrogenation and hydrogenation are calculated to be 101.4 ± 25.8 and 57.4 ± 5.0 kJ/mol H2, respectively. The result shows that the high driving force leads to higher hydrogenation E a over the E a obtained the low driving force, while dehydrogenation E a remains unchanged under different driving forces.

This paper aims to develop a critical approach to flight safety by assessing theoretical and empirical studies on fatigue risk factors in cockpit and cabin crew. This paper also builds a fundamental basis for managing fatigue risk factors in the aviation industry. The main contribution of the paper demonstrates the fact that primary and secondary fatigue risk factors in cockpit and cabin crew affect the level of job satisfaction, operational efficiency, and flight security.

Mientras la historiografía avanza en el desmantelamiento del enfoque franquista sobre la República y la Guerra, cabría preguntarse si la bibliografía escolar abandona al mismo ritmo los presupuestos del canon franquista e incluye el enfoque crítico de los especialistas. La presente investigación tiene por objetivo averiguar el alcance de estos dos fenómenos, a través del análisis crítico del discurso de una treintena de textos escolares de educación secundaria. El currículode la asignatura de historia, la formación de los autores o la extensión del tema de investigación en los textos son algunos de los factores que consideramos podrían explicar los resultados obtenidos. Dichos resultados confirman la pervivencia de ideas como la inevitabilidad de la guerra, el fracaso del proyecto político republicano o el ambiente de preguerra en la primavera del 36 en el material didáctico, así como la escasa influencia en el ámbito escolar de la interpretación crítica. While historiography advances in the dismantling of the Franco approach on the Republic and the War, it could be asked wether the school bibliography abandons at the same pace the assumptions of the Franco canon and includes the critical approach of the specialists. The present investigation aims to find out the scope of these two phenomena through the critical analysis of the speech of some thirty secondary school textbooks. The curriculum of the history subject, the ideologies of the publishers of textbooks, the academic training of authors, or the space reserved for the subject of research in the textbooks, are some of the factors that could explain the results obtained These results confirm the persistence of ideas such as the inevitability of war, the failure of the republican political project or the pre-war atmosphere in the spring of 1936 in the teaching material, as well as the scarce influence of critical interpretation in schools.

Drug resistance via drug-resistant mutations in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) genome is the primary cause of antiviral therapy failure. Consequently, HIV drug resistance genotyping has become a critical approach in HIV prevention and control. Compared to the Sanger sequencing technology, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) technology has superior sensitivity and timeliness, with strong detection capabilities for low-frequency mutations. With the continued advancement of HTS technologies, their prominence in HIV drug resistance detection techniques has increased accordingly. This article will review the latest developments in HTS technology and its applications in HIV drug resistance testing.

Purpose - The study was carried out to investigate the effect of greenwash activities carried out by businesses on the green purchasing behavior of consumers. The study also attempted to determine what kind of mediating effect green brand image and green brand loyalty have on green purchasing behavior. Design\methodology\approach - The universe of the research green products in Turkey are individuals who purchase experience. Questionnaire technique was used to reveal the structural relationship. A total of 410 valid questionnaires conducted online were analyzed using Smart PLS Professional 3.3.3 software. The bootstrapping technique was used for testing the hypotheses aimed to be measured in the study. The structure, consistency and discrimination validities of the variables were calculated. Finally, the accuracy of the hypotheses was tested with path analysis. Findings - According to the results, greenwash, negatively affects green brand image, green brand loyalty and green purchasing behavior. As a result of the findings obtained, green brand image and green brand loyalty positively affect green purchasing behavior. The study also found a negative partial mediating (competitive) effect of greenwash activities and green brand image and green brand loyalty on green purchasing behavior. Discussion - The strong need for green products in the market is changing the world, so businesses are willing to adopt green marketing to compete. Although the literature argues that the environmental claims of green products should be accurate and transparent, greenwash is still used effectively in the market. It can be said that it is important for businesses to take a critical approach to increase the green buying behavior of their consumers through green brand image and green brand loyalty by reducing their greenwash activities.

Este artículo presenta un análisis de la formulación e implementación de los programas y políticas del posacuerdo en Colombia respecto al punto 4 del Acuerdo de paz entre el Gobierno de Colombia y las FARC-EP sobre la Solución al problema de las drogas ilícitas a partir del enfoque crítico de construcción de paz —paz liberal versus paz híbrida—. El análisis se desarrolla a partir de una metodología de enfoque cualitativo, un balance de políticas públicas y una sistematización de datos contrastados a partir de los enfoques teóricos. Se sostiene que, a pesar de la noción híbrida y contextualizada que evidencia el Acuerdo frente al desafío de los cultivos ilícitos, en la práctica la formulación e implementación del PNIS responde a la noción monoontológica y tecnocrática de la paz (neo)liberal. Esto se ha expresado en el corto plazo (2016-2020) a través de dos variables: a) la focalización del gasto como solución al problema de los cultivos y b) la participación comunitaria y legitimadora de la visión liberal en la implementación de los acuerdos colectivos y territoriales.

Lebanon is among the most developed Arab countries concerning freedom of expression, and its press and media are famous for their openness and critical approach toward domestic and Arab affairs. The openness and criticism notwithstanding, there are various restrictions, not always formal ones, on the freedom of expression in Lebanon. While much has been written about Lebanese freedom of expression and media, few researches have concentrated on Lebanese political TV satire. This article aims to examine the limits of freedom of expression in Lebanon, as reflected in the various political TV satire shows. The article examined five satire shows: Basmat Watan, La Youmal, Ma Fi Metlo, Chi.N.N. and Awal ‘Ala Akhir. For each show, the article referred to three controversial issues: the attitude toward politics and politicians; the attitude toward Hezbollah and its weapons; and the attitude toward Lebanese presidents, foreign heads of states and Syria. Focusing on the different Lebanese TV satire shows and these contentious subjects reveals how these shows challenge the press and media laws, break taboos and even, to a certain degree, habituate the Lebanese audience to engage with controversial issues.

Increased levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are recognized as a primary risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, which remains the leading cause of death worldwide. Lowering LDL-C levels clearly reduces the risk of cardiovascular events, with benefits related to both absolute reduction and duration of treatment; however, a threshold below which low LDL-C levels can be dangerous has never been established. Since the discovery of statins, cardiovascular research has focused on developing new lipid-lowering agents. Ezetimibe and proprotein convertase subtilisin–kexin type 9 inhibitors have been found to further reduce LDL-C values and subsequent cardiovascular risk. Novel recently approved inclisiran and bempedoic acid, currently being tested in cardiovascular outcomes studies, are further expanding our pharmacological armamentarium, enabling the clinician to diminish residual risk related to LDL-C. Moreover, new agents are paving the way to successful treatment of homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia. This review summarizes the main characteristics of current and emerging lipid-lowering therapies to assist with comprehensive evidence-based decision making.

Human GHG emissions are entering networked everyday relations. On social media, users potentially “reveal” their carbon footprints when they post pictures of a beef-based dinner or intercontinental...

O artigo a ser apresentado traz alguns apontamentos a respeito da temática indígena nas escolas. A escolha do tema se deu em função da aplicação da lei de 11.649/08, que inclui no currículo a obrigatoriedade do ensino da história e cultura dos povos indígenas, tendo em vista que esta tem sido cumprida muito timidamente pelas escolas. Objetiva-se possibilitar uma abordagem crítica sobre o processo de construção do conhecimento histórico e dos limites de sua compreensão. Elaborou-se um questionário informativo, destinado a vários professores da rede pública e privada para observação dos aspectos presentes nas rotinas escolares, visto que, em virtude da pandemia da Covid-19, não se fez possível a observação in loco. Compreende-se que o ensino deve ser compreendido como um processo de instrumentalização dos sujeitos, que os convida a desenvolver o raciocínio histórico e um enredo repetitivo constituído.

The interest in understanding how Environmental Education (EE) is present in the Ceara Reference Document (DCRC), is due to the fact that this document is the basis for the construction of Ceara school curriculum. Thus, the goal of this research is: ‘Analyze how EE is present in the DCRC’. For this, the documentary analysis of the DCRC was carried out based on the search for the keywords: ‘EE’ and ‘Environmental’, according to Behrend, Cousin and Galiazzi (2018). It was concluded that in the DCRC there is the presence of EE primarily in the disciplines of Science and Geography and there is a naturalist and conservationist approach of EE in the document, except in the integrative (transversal) themes, which present a critical approach.

In this article, I take a critical approach to the marginalisation of the grief experienced by first mothers who have experienced the non-consensual adoption of a child in England, in a context within which welfare benefits and services intended to support the most disadvantaged families have been dramatically curtailed. With reference to the concepts of disenfranchised grief and ambiguous loss, and in light of some identified parallels between the death of a child and the loss of a child to adoption, I draw upon literature from the field of bereavement studies in presenting findings arising from semi-structured interviews in which 17 first mothers sorted through artefacts such as toys, clothing and blankets associated with their now-adopted children and reflected upon the meanings that such keepsakes had taken on in their lives after loss. Respondents’ accounts revealed that artefacts were invested with high value, and could operate as vehicles for memories of time spent caring for children. It was found that interacting with artefacts could bring comfort, evoking in mothers sensory memories of the smell and feel of their now-adopted child. Interactions with artefacts were found to hold capacity to affirm respondents’ maternal status, as well as symbolising oppression and injustice, sometimes evoking strong feelings of anger directed towards professionals involved in children’s adoption.

Cette conversation entre deux chercheurs en sociolinguistique aborde une diversité de thématiques s’articulant autour des questions de la critique, du politique et de l’engagement dans la fabrique du savoir sur les enjeux sociaux du langage. Elle met ainsi en discussion des conceptions à la fois convergentes et divergentes sur les fonctions sociales du langage, mais révèle aussi les défis, les limites et les espoirs d’une sociolinguistique qui cherche à remettre au cœur de ses préoccupations la place du langage dans la production des inégalités et de la subjectivation politique. This conversation between two scholars in sociolinguistics addresses a variety of themes around the issues of critique, politics, and engagement in the making of knowledge about the social issues of language. It thus brings into discussion both convergent and divergent conceptions of the social functions of language, but also reveals the challenges, limits and hopes of a sociolinguistics that seeks to put back at the heart of its concerns the place of language in the production of inequalities and political subjectivation.

Social work research should adopt a critical approach to research methodology, opposing oppression that is reproduced through epistemological assumptions or research methods and processes. However, traditional approaches to autism research have often problematised and pathologized autistic 1 individuals, reinforcing autistic people’s positions as passive subjects. This has resulted in autistic people being largely excluded from the production of knowledge about autism, and about the needs of autistic people. Participatory approaches promote collaborative approaches to enquiry and posit autistic people as active co-constructors of knowledge, a stance that is congruent with social work values of social justice and liberation. However, Covid-19 is not only altering our everyday life but also upending social research. This paper discusses the challenges faced by a participatory study involving autistic people during the Covid-19 pandemic. This paper examines how Covid-19 increased the individual vulnerability of autistic participants and changed their research priorities, increased the researcher’s decision-making power, and placed greater emphasis on barriers created by inaccessible methods. Covid-19 did not present novel challenges, but rather exacerbated existing tensions and inevitable challenges that are inherent in adopting an approach that aims to oppose oppression.

I position the use of counter-narratives as a critical approach that grants students agency and meaning in their learning and provides teachers with opportunities to present silenced curricular nar...

La propiedad de la tierra es un tema que ha sido parte de los debates nacionales desde el comienzo de la República y que es abordado por el historiador Marco Palacios en su texto ¿De quién es la Tierra, en el que estudia la cuestión agraria en la década de 1930. En el marco de esta discusión académica, el objetivo de este texto es realizar una aproximación crítica del texto del profesor Palacios, a partir de reseñar las principales tesis del libro, para contrastar estas ideas con la perspectiva de otros autores. Así mismo, se busca reconocer la pertinencia y el papel que puede tener este documento en el contexto de los diálogos de Paz en la Habana, así como sobre la discusión de la cuestión agraria hoy en día.

Making people aware of the interconnections between personal consumerism and its environmental consequences is fundamental for motivating them to engage in more environmentally responsible consumpt...

El presente artículo aborda la crítica de la sociedad moderna y su cultura de castración, entendida ésta como la anulación o en su mejor caso, el acondicionamiento del individuo a través de la educación y del trabajo como elementos yuxtapuestos que se implantan sobre el deseo natural del individuo. En este sentido, la teoría crítica de la sociedad consigue desenmascarar al individuo en su actuar condescendiente ante la auto infringida represión de sus instintos biológicos, poniendo en perspectiva la condición actual de la educación que, sometida al dominio del todo, obedece, en su funcionalidad, a la opresión de las potencialidades humanas, con el fin de integrar al individuo a la totalidad consumista del sistema social.

Critical pastoral theology has no doubt come to recognize the significance of social formations in the crisis of addiction as a symptom of suffering. This article suggests that how we understand and describe these social formations matters. It argues that our most common approaches to addiction risk reproducing forms of domination via an incomplete notion of freedom in their attempt to clarify the exceptional status of addiction. This can function to obscure the capitalist nature of addiction and the addictive nature of capitalism undergirding our everyday lives. The author argues that addiction is itself a symptomatic expression of capitalist social formations; not merely an individual pathology, addiction names the way our social attachments to objects and to one another become compulsive despite their negative consequences. This critical concept of addiction allows us to see, name, and negate the false promises on which the endurance of capitalism depends. The ultimate aim of this critical approach is to consider how we as caregivers might reflect on and transform these dominating social divisions.

Space matters for global politics but the treatment thereof in International Relations (IR) has been uneven. There is broad interest in spatial aspects across many research communities but only a nascent theoretical discussion and little cross-field communication. This article argues for a fuller engagement of IR scholars with sociospatial concepts and proposes a spatial approach to global politics based on four essential dimensions: a spatial ontology, the constructedness of space, a scalar perspective, and the interaction of materiality and ideas. As one possible way of integrating these aspects into a more specific concept, the article elaborates a framework of spatial practices and uses the example of Arctic Security research to illustrate the upsides of such a spatial approach for IR research.

Akademik alanda yönetim gurusu ve yönetim modaları olguları ilgi görmeye devam etmektedir. Ne var ki, bu alanda yapılan araştırmalar halen dağınık bir durumdadır. Bu nedenle yönetim gurusu ve yönetimde moda fenomenleri için açıklayıcı ve toparlayıcı akademik çalışmaların yapılmasına ihtiyaç bulunmaktadır. Yönetim guruları ve yönetimde moda fenomenlerini kavramlaştırmak üzere şu ana kadar yapılan çalışmalar iki ana grupta toparlanabilir. Bu çalışmada yönetimde moda yaklaşımlar ve yönetim guruları ile ilgili tartışmalar, mantıksal ve kurumsal yaklaşım paradigmaları çerçevesinde kategorik olarak ele alınacaktır. Çalışmanın sonuç ve tartışma bölümünde, doküman analizi sonucunda elde edilen bilgiler birleştirilerek bütüncül bir analiz yapılacaktır.

This work is a study of the radio phenomenon that utilizes the conceptual tool of power field. It starts from a documentary review that takes up Bourdieu and Latour to analyze radio as a network of power relations historically constituted and in constant struggle. Consequently, this critical approach reveals the inequitable conditions of the radio field in Mexico and in its subfields. Technology as a reconfiguration factor of the radio field is a line to follow in future studies and reveals how important it is to generate more current anthropological studies on radio diversity in Mexico, which implies closing the gap between doing radio and thinking about radio.

Contemporary sex education requires a critical approach that entails a greater understanding of sexuality, relationships, and social skills. Applying emotional literacy practices in comprehensive s...