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U radu je opisan istosmjerni uzlazni pretvarač, analiziran je rad matematičkog modela, opisan postupak izrade tiskane pločice i sklopa te su snimljeni valni oblici na ventilima i zavojnici u oba reţima rada. Upravljački krug sastoji se od vanjskih referentnih komponenti, povratne naponske i strujne veze i integriranog kruga UC3843 koji upravlja upravljivim ventilom pomoću pulsno-širinski moduliranog pravokutnog signala. Opisani su problemi nastali pri izradi sklopa prema orginalnoj shemi i postupci koji su poduzeti da bi se nastali problemi otklonili. Nastale preinake sklopa rezultirale su pravilnim radom iste, konačna shema je testirana i moţe se koristiti za izradu novog dizajna tiskane pločice. This paper describes a step-up DC-to-DC converte, the mathematical model was analyzed, the process of making the printed circuit board and the model was described, the waveforms on the valves and the coil in both operating modes were recorded. The control circuit consists of external reference components, voltage and current feedback loop and an integrated circuit UC3843 which controls the valve by means of a pulse-width modulated rectangular signal. The paper describes the problems that arose in making of the model according to the original scheme and describes procedures that were taken to eliminate those problems. The resulting modifications of the model resulted in the proper operation, the final scheme was tested and can be used to create a new design of the printed circuit board.

The hydraulic high-speed on/off valve (HSV)—the critical core component of digital hydraulic technology—has a special structural design and manufacture due to its fast opening and closing, which results in high prices and maintenance costs. The solenoid screw-in cartridge valve (SCV) is widely used in the hydraulic industry because of its merits, such as mature technology, reliable quality, and low cost. The contribution of this study is to replace the high-speed on/off valve with the SCV in some areas of application by introducing positive and negative pulse voltage control for the coil of the SCV, which only modifies the control circuit and needs no change in structure. Based on the analysis of the structure of the SCV, the simulation model was developed in AMESim and validated by experiments to investigate the effects of the pulse voltage duration on the open–close dynamic characteristics and find the optimal pulse voltage duration, so that the SCV can open or close in the shortest time to reduce energy loss as far as possible. The simulation results showed that the positive and negative pulse voltage could quicken the rising or declining speed of the coil current and dramatically decrease the opening and closing delay time. By the experimental comparison with the original control method, the opening time of the SCV decreased from 30 ms to 13 ms, and the closing time was reduced from 139 ms to 14 ms.

Measuring the urine output of the patients regularly is critical for the medical treatment of many diseases. Currently, it is done by manually measuring the hourly urine output which is cumbersome, time-consuming, stressful for the caregivers, and prone to errors. This study presents a device that can be used to automatically measure the urine volume using a Negative Temperature Coefficient (NTC) thermistor-based sensor and an electronic device. A control circuit was developed to detect drops of urine falling on the disposable thermistor sensor. The circuit amplifies the voltage signal from the sensor in addition to keeping the thermistor at a fixed temperature. The voltage signal was converted to digital form and processed by an algorithm that was developed to identify individual drops. The number of drops was then converted to a volume by multiplying by the volume of a drop. The device was calibrated and tested for accuracy using water. Future work is planned for testing the device for the measurement of urine under clinical settings. This study addresses the problem of manual urine collection of dengue patients and is also applicable for any other drop detecting applications.

Tardigrades must negotiate heterogeneous, fluctuating environments and accordingly utilize locomotive strategies capable of dealing with variable terrain. We analyze the kinematics and interleg coordination of freely walking tardigrades (species: Hypsibius exemplaris). We find that tardigrade walking replicates several key features of walking in insects despite disparities in size, skeleton, and habitat. To test the effect of environmental changes on tardigrade locomotor control circuits we measure kinematics and interleg coordination during walking on two substrates of different stiffnesses. We find that the phase offset between contralateral leg pairs is flexible, while ipsilateral coordination is preserved across environmental conditions. This mirrors similar results in insects and crustaceans. We propose that these functional similarities in walking coordination between tardigrades and arthropods is either due to a generalized locomotor control circuit common to panarthropods or to independent convergence onto an optimal strategy for robust multilegged control in small animals with simple circuitry. Our results highlight the value of tardigrades as a comparative system toward understanding the mechanisms—neural and/or mechanical—underlying coordination in panarthropod locomotion.

Ion sensitive field effect transistors (ISFET) is used to measure ion concentration in liquid solutions. An ISFET that is used to measure ion concentration in liquid solutions for the first time, requires certain amount of time before actual measurements can be realized. This amount of time is called stabilization time. Typically, this stabilization time varies with external conditions such as type and conditions of the solution under test and performance of the ISFET sensors. The aim of the study is to determine stability criterion to automatically determine the stabilization time of ISFET sensors by utilizing a readout and control circuit and microcontroller. Our results show that the stabilization time of sensors used is about 50 to 60 seconds. The authors have tested commercial Ta 2 O 5 pH ISFET sensors. In the future the authors wish to analyze other ions as well.

This paper presents the efficiency investigation of a fully on-chip DC-DC step-up converter realized in a standard 130 nm CMOS technology and its comparison to previous works. Research is mainly focused on finding the optimum operation point to provide the high output power and conversion efficiency of the on-chip converter solution. The obtained output voltage of 1.2 V shows 98.6 % efficiency of power conversion, and the maximum output power of 6 mW is achieved. Another performed analysis has been focused on impact of inductor properties as well as impact of the control circuit on the main parameters of the developed boost voltage converter.

Traditional wireless power transfer systems typically adopt the single-frequency control method to ensure a constant output voltage and current for different applications. This paper presents a different side of the control circuit of a wireless energy transfer system, i.e. input is made with two frequencies aiming to optimize the wireless energy transfer.The purpose of this paper is to show how it can be increased the efficiency of a wireless power system, in comparison with the traditional wireless power transfer systems with a single command frequency. An experimental prototype will be buit in order to verify the effectiveness of the proposed wireless energy transfer system and the control method.

In this paper, an MTJ writing and reading control circuit applied in XOR is presented. To improve ADC performance, MTJ can be used as storage device. To achieve writing and reading for MTJ, a logic control circuit is designed. Under the control of clock, the circuit control MTJ switches between writing and reading modes. Simulation results show that, applying the circuit, writing operation to MTJ can be achieved reliably in writing mode and don’t impact logic calculation in reading mode.

The research presents the design and simulation of an LLC resonant boost converter with an input directly connected to a solar cell and the converter’s output connected to a three-phase inverter. The three-phase inverter implements an induction motor drive. The output voltage of the converter is set by a control circuit, the dynamics of which are also examined by the research. The study briefly describes the LLC converter in general, explains in more detail the design of the values of the resonant elements, and then the result of the simulation based on the designed parameters. The simulation was implemented in a MATLAB based graphical development environment (Simulink).

In recent decades, the installed capacity of wind power is increased greatly, and doubly fed induction generator (DFIG) occupies a dominant position among wind power generators due to its excellent characteristics. However, how to improve the low voltage ride through (LVRT) success rate of doubly fed induction generator during the grid fault especially unsymmetrical grid fault of great value. Based on an improved crowbar control strategy, this paper designs a new control circuit, optimizes the control process, and improves its control speed. Finally, the simulation of MATLAB/Simulink shows that the rationality of this control circuit.

Series-connected induction motors (SCIM) is considering as a modern modification of conventional wound-rotor induction motors (WRIM). It is claimed that SCIM has higher starting torque and lower starting current comparing with the conventional WRIM. The main objective of this paper is to study and investigate possibilities of using SCIM in industrial applications that require variable speed operation. In this paper, direct torque control (DTC) was used to control the performance of MATLAB/SIMULINK model of SCIM. It was concluded that the computer model of the motor shows acceptable transient response to control circuit’s operation commands.

This research presents a low-cost solar emulator for solar power experiments in the laboratory. It is designed to use light from Tungsten-halogen lamps instead of real sunlight and uses a single-phase AC control circuit to control the lamp's illumination. This solar emulator uses 12 Tungsten-halogen tubes with a total power capacity of 12kW and used six solar panels of 300W rated. According to the results, the solar emulator can provide irradiation to solar panels from 0 – 900 W/m2 by adjusting the AC voltage supplied to the lamp from 0 to 230V, respectively. The proposed solar simulator can test solar power generation by connecting solar panels in series and parallel for laboratory use at a satisfactory level from the experimental results.

This letter presents a broadband active Van Atta array system at $X$ -band, which is used for monostatic radar cross section (RCS) modulation and enhancement. The active system mainly consists of two uniform linear arrays (ULAs) and an active four-channel radio frequency (RF) amplifying circuit. By introducing the electrically modulated attenuator (EMA) into the active system, the transmission gain of the proposed four-channel RF amplifying circuit is controlled by a voltage signal from a control circuit and the backscattering field of the system can be sequentially modulated. The system’s performance of RCS modulation and retrodirectivity are validated through measurement over a relative bandwidth of 40% centered at 10 GHz. The modulation range of monostatic RCS is generally more than 20 dB at the $X$ -band. Its 3-dB retrodirective range and maximum equivalent RCS are 70°–120° and 1.4–3.9 dBsm varying from 8 to 12 GHz, respectively.

Increasing expectations of customers on the appearance of cars force the automotive paint shops to inspect all car bodies with great care. Currently, skilled workers visually inspect each car body to detect and repair occurring paint defects. However, humans can neither detect nor judge the blemishes objectively and reliably over a longer period. Hence, this paper focuses on the development and validation of an algorithm for a surface inspection system, which improves the accuracy of detecting paint defects through an image processing system. Once they are detected, a reliable classifier is necessary to gain further information about the paint defects. The generated data can be utilized for improving the paint application process and for identifying the perpetrator of the paint defects once the defect classification is operational. As a consequence, the quality control circuit can be shortened, the surface quality of different paint formulae can be evaluated objectively, and actions can be taken in order to reduce the occurrences of certain defect types. This paper presents the physical setup of the visual inspection system and a detailed description of the algorithm for detecting the defects in the acquired images. Further research is essential to generate a classifier to differentiate the types of paint defects.

This paper presents a high step-up fully soft switching interleaved Sheppard-Taylor converter to be used in PV applications. The proposed converter utilizes only one auxiliary switch to create the soft switching conditions for all semiconductor devices. The converter has a simple structure, and its control circuit remains PWM. Moreover, the auxiliary switch is not located in the main power path; therefore, the conduction losses are decreased, and the overall efficiency is improved. Besides, the rate of the auxiliary switch current will be very low. On the other hand, the proposed converter has a high-voltage gain. Furthermore, all switches and other circuit elements have low current stress due to the interleaved structure in the proposed converter. The guidelines for the design consideration are presented. A 250 W, 25–250 V laboratory prototype operating at 100 kHz is implemented to verify the performance of the converter and an efficiency of 96% at full load can be achieved.

Conventional triac based dimmer for light dimming of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) results in poor power factor (PF) and light flickering. In this paper a feed-forward control circuit based on p...

Tardigrades must negotiate heterogeneous, fluctuating environments, and accordingly utilize locomotive strategies capable of dealing with variable terrain. We analyze the kinematics and inter-leg coordination of freely walking tardigrades (species: Hypsibius dujardini). We find that tardigrade walking replicates several key features of walking in insects despite disparities in size, skeleton, and habitat. To test the effect of environmental changes on tardigrade locomotor control circuits, we measure kinematics and inter-leg coordination during walking on two substrates of different stiffnesses. We find that the phase offset between contralateral leg pairs is flexible, while ipsilateral coordination is preserved across environmental conditions. This mirrors similar results in insects and crustaceans. We propose that these functional similarities in walking co-ordination between tardigrades and arthropods is either due to a generalized locomotor control circuit common to panarthropods, or to independent convergence onto an optimal strategy for robust multi-legged control in small animals with simple circuitry. Our results highlight the value of tardigrades as a comparative system towards understanding the mechanisms – neural and/or mechanical – underlying coordination in panarthropod locomotion.

The measurement and control circuit is the key to angular velocity measurement within the CVG, and its performance directly influences the gyroscope’s ability to detect angular velocity. This chapter introduces the measurement and control technologies based on the structure of the gyroscope. This includes model identification, drive control, balance control and angular velocity detection.

The paper is devoted to the consideration of existing methods of deposition of hardening coatings. The paper discusses the relationship between the coating deposition process and the control circuit for the ion current density and energy control. The analysis of deposition methods is carried out and on the basis of this analysis the CIB deposition method of hardening coatings is selected. The authors studied the features of each of the considered methods, which made it possible to identify the main advantages and disadvantages. Based on the data obtained, it шs revealed that for equal-thickness coatings, it is necessary to use control circuits for the ion current density and energy.

This paper presents a new scheme and procedure for implementation of selective harmonic mitigation (SHM) control scheme for single phase inverter systems. The detailed design of the control circuit has been discussed in detail. The unexplored facts and results of selective harmonic mitigation based single phase inverter system have been included in this paper.

Recent advances in the field on inorganic LEDs, allow for manufacturing of GaN LEDs at micrometer scale. These optical devices, which were initially only manufactured with large dimensions, can be associated to a CMOS driving circuit to form micro-displays. GaN based micro-LEDs offer a maximum brightness and a commutation speed, well above other LEDs technologies used at micrometer scale. However, they also have specific electrical characteristics, such as reduced efficiency and large dispersion of behavior, when used with a reduced current. Consequently, driving methods commonly used with other types of LEDs are not appropriate for the control of such devices.This thesis focusses on the design of pixel driving circuits suitable for micro GaN LEDs, both in terms of implemented driving method and footprint compliance with the size of used LEDs. The first part of this work focusses on display applications, with a compact pixel matrix exploiting LEDs high brightness, while offering a large resolution. A PWM driving scheme, which implies sporadic operation of the LEDs under high current, is chosen to deal with LEDs specificities. In order to insure low silicon footprint despite the relatively high complexity of PWM driving, a 3D manufacturing of the circuit is introduced. A derivative of the CoolCube 3D technology that is developed by CEA Leti, is considered to manufacture a micro-display on three superposed levels. The driving circuit is split between the two first levels, made a CMOS circuit with different types of transistors. An array of GaN LEDs form the third level for the display.The second part of this thesis focusses on exploiting the reduced commutation time of the GaN LEDs. The ability to generate a high frequency optical signal is appropriate for building visible light communication emitters. Several free space optical communication emitters reported in the literature use a single GaN LED to transmit data at several Gb/s. Although, these single LED emitters are very fast, they are cumbersome and complex to build. Other emitters, based on a group of LEDs each emitting a part of the optical signal, forms an alternative solution. Even though data transmission is currently slower using these emitters, matrix based emitters are much more compact. This work introduce the design of a binary pixel, which make the LED switch between its two possible states, ON and OFF. Thanks to a LED introduced parasitic capacitance compensation method, this circuit reaches a 333 MHz operation frequency. Finally, a study of the best pixels organization inside the array led to a thermometer type of pixel control. The resulting association between each input code and the activated pixels insures the conversion monotonicity. It also shows a better linearity than other matrix control schemes with simpler implementations., Les avancées récentes dans le domaine de la fabrication de LEDs Inorganiques permettent la production de LEDs GaN à l’échelle micrométrique. Ces composant optiques, jusqu’ici produits uniquement dans des dimensions importantes, peuvent être associés à un circuit de pilotage CMOS afin de produire des micro-écrans. Les micro-LEDs produites en GaN offrent une luminance maximum et une vitesse de commutation bien supérieures aux autres technologies LEDs généralement utilisées à l’échelle micrométrique. Cependant, elles présentent aussi des caractéristiques électriques spécifiques, telles qu’une efficacité réduite et une dispersion de fonctionnement accrue pour une utilisation sous un faible courant. Ainsi, les méthodes de pilotage couramment utilisées avec d’autres technologies LED s’avèrent peu adaptées.Cette thèse a pour objectif le développement de circuits de pilotage pixel adaptés aux micro-LEDs GaN, autant par le type de pilotage mis en place que par un encombrement compatible avec la surface des LEDs employées. Une première partie des travaux porte sur les applications d’affichage, avec une matrice de pixels compacte exploitant la forte luminance des LEDs, tout en présentant une grande résolution. L’utilisation d’un pilotage de type PWM, avec un fonctionnement intermittent des LEDs sous un fort courant, est retenu en raison des spécificités électriques de ces dernières. Afin de maintenir des dimensions réduites pour ce circuit pixel malgré la relative complexité du pilotage mis en place, une construction en 3D du circuit est présentée. Un dérivé de la technologie 3D CoolCube développée au CEA Leti est envisagé afin de construire un micro-écran sur trois niveaux superposés. Le circuit de pilotage est réparti entre les deux premiers niveaux, constitués de circuits CMOS implémentés avec des transistors de natures différentes. Tandis que les LEDs GaN constituent le troisième niveau de l’assemblage.La seconde partie des travaux est orientée vers l’exploitation du temps de commutation réduit des LEDs GaN. Cette capacité à générer un signal optique de fréquence élevée s’avère particulièrement intéressante pour la réalisation de systèmes de communication optique. Plusieurs émetteurs de communication optique en champ libre, utilisant une LED GaN pour réaliser des transferts de données avec un débit de plusieurs Gb/s, sont présentés dans la littérature. Ces systèmes mono-LED, bien que rapides, s’avèrent complexes à mettre en œuvre et particulièrement encombrants. Des émetteurs utilisant une multitude de LEDs, émettant chacune une fraction du signal optique utilisé pour la transmission, constituent une implémentation alternative. Bien que les transmissions réalisées avec ce type d’équipement restent pour l’instant plus lentes, les émetteurs matricés s’avèrent beaucoup plus compacts. Le développement d’un circuit pixel binaire, permettant la commutation d’une LED entre les deux seuls états, allumé et éteint, est présenté. Grace à un mécanisme de compensation de la capacité parasite induite par la LED, ce circuit atteint une fréquence de commutation de 333 MHz. Enfin, une réflexion quant à l’organisation d’un ensemble de ces pixels au sein d’un émetteur matricé, amène à un contrôle thermométrique des différents pixels. La répartition des LEDs à allumer en fonction du code d’entrée qui en découle permet en effet d’assurer la monotonicité de la conversion réalisée, et offre une linéarité accrue par rapport à d’autres modes de décodages plus simples d’implémentation.

As the new types of operating mechanisms, electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and magnetic mechanism have the advantages of simple structure, easy control and high reliability. Firstly, the principle of repulsion mechanism and magnetic mechanism is introduced in this paper. Then, the simulation models of 1100kV bypass switch repulsion mechanism and magnetic mechanism are established. The dynamic characteristics of the mechanism are simulated and analyzed, and the corresponding optimal parameters are obtained. Finally, the action speed, the output force and the control circuit current of the repulsion mechanism and magnetic mechanism are compared. The simulation results show that the initial output of the repulsion mechanism is too large and the later output is insufficient, while the driving current of the magnetic mechanism is moderate and the output is uniform, so the magnetic mechanism is more suitable for long stroke bypass switch.

In this paper, multiple power supply system for the Type-C USB power delivery (PD) chip is presented. It can provide a reliable V DD-INT internal power rail for the PD chip from a $V_{BAT}$ battery source of 2.7-5.5V or a $V_{BUS}$ source of 4-20V with seamless transition between them. $V_{BAT}$ will be the primary source whenever it is available and $V_{BUS}$ will act as source when $V_{BAT}$ doesn't exist or goes away. The implemented power system in 0.14um CMOS technology delivers up to 30mA of current from each of the $V_{BAT}$ or $V_{BUS}$ sources and takes a die area of 0.308mm 2 . The $V_{BAT}$ control circuit consumes 10uA of current from $V_{BAT}$ while $V_{BUS}$ control circuit consumes 400uA of current from $V_{BUS}$ to provide VDD-INT.

A fully implantable artificial pancreas system with intraperitoneal glucose sensing and insulin releasing has the advantage of a fast insulin response and no psychological burden to diabetic patients. However, it may require frequent surgical interventions to refill insulin after insulin is used out. By studying the metabolic pathway of insulin, in this paper we propose a mechatronic system for releasing and recycling of nanomagnetic -insulin to demonstrate the feasibility of achieving magnetic-assisted insulin recycle and reuse, which may reduce the needs of insulin refill and mitigate hypoglycemia. In the prototype developed in this study, the mechanical structure, driving principle, control circuit and related programming of the mechatronic system are introduced. Finally, the basic functions of the mechatronic prototype are verified by ex vivo experiments.

In a study, a control scheme with adaptation of the PID controller coefficients based on a neural network (neural network optimizer) was implemented. The neural network optimizer was used as a add-on the PID controller in the control circuit for the blast of a solid fuel boiler with a periodic injection of fuel. As a result of the experiment, it was found that the use of a neural network optimizer can increase the efficiency of the boiler.

Cilj diplomske naloge je bil izdelati napravo za brezkontaktno indukcijsko segrevanje oz. taljenje aluminija. V prvem delu diplomskega dela je predstavljen pomen indukcijskega segrevanja, njegove prednosti pred konvencionalnimi načini segrevanja, področja uporabe ter osnovni elektromagnetni pojavi, ki so ključni za razumevanje principa indukcijskega segrevanja električno prevodnih materialov. V drugem delu diplomske naloge so predstavljeni ključni sestavni deli indukcijskega grelca in njihovo delovanje. Poglavje opisuje prednosti in slabosti zaporednega in vzporednega LC nihajnega tokokroga ter za slednjega podaja tudi izračun komponent. Izhodišče za izračun komponent in dimenzije tuljave je določala grafitna posoda, v kateri se topi aluminij. Prav tako je predstavljeno delovanje vzporednega push-pull resonančnega vezja z LC nihajnim tokokrogom, ki z izmeničnim tokom vzbuja resonančno vezje. Za napajanje tega sem izdelal polnovalni usmernik s tiristorskim nastavljalnikom enosmerne napetosti in LC filtrom. V tretjem delu diplomske naloge so predstavljeni rezultati in postopek testiranja končnega izdelka. The aim of the diploma was to make a device for contactless induction heating and melting of aluminium. The first part of the diploma presents the importance of induction heating, its advantages over conventional heating methods, areas of application and basic electromagnetic phenomena that are crucial to understand the operating principles of induction heating of conductive materials. The second part of the diploma presents the key components of an induction heater and their operation. This chapter describes the advantages and disadvantages of serial and parallel LC oscillating circuit and provides the calculation of component values for the parallel LC oscillating circuit. The starting point for component calculations and dimensioning of the coil was determined by the graphite vessel (crucible) in which the aluminium is melted. The operation of the parallel push-pull resonant LC oscillating circuit that excites the resonant LC oscillating circuit is also presented. Full bridge rectifier with thyristor-controlled DC voltage and LC filter is in charge of powering this kind of circuit. The third part of the diploma presents the results and the testing process of the final product.

From the perspective of the space power conditioning unit(PCU) system, this paper studies the battery charging controller based on the Superbuck topology and the characteristics of lithium-ion batteries. We analysis the operating mode of the converter, establish the model of the converter, then we analysis the battery charge control circuit, finally we carry out the simulation and experimental result.

The vibration generators based on piezoelectric elements provide very low power. This research focuses on the method for improving in the output power. The previous research proposed a circulating current control circuit for improving in output power under only single frequency. This paper numerically and experimentally shows that the proposed circuit improves the output power for the vibration including the third harmonics.

This publication addresses the problem of offsets and offset drifts in continuous-wave radar systems and presents a compensation circuit as hardware solution. In the first part, the sources of static offsets in the baseband voltages are identified and quantified by using an exemplary six-port based radar system. To solve the problem, an offset control circuit is introduced and the benefit, a better use of the analog-to-digital-converter's inputs leading to a reduction of quantization noise, is derived in theory and validated by measurement. The compensation circuit is digitally controlled by a microcontroller and can be used in any six-port or mixer-based radar system.

Opisan je princip rada i specifičnosti upravljanja SiC MOSFET poluvodičkim sklopkama te njihove prednosti u odnosu na IGBT. SiC tehnologija pruža značajno smanjenje gubitaka te rad na većim sklopnim frekvencijama. Prikazana je struktura okidnog sklopa i funkcije koje mora zadovoljiti. Napravljen je pregled metoda galvanske izolacije signala i napajanja kao i metode zaštite sklopke. U praktičnom dijelu rada projektiran je i izrađen prototip okidnog sklopa za SiC poluvodički modul. Poluvodički modul se sastoji od dvije SiC MOSFET sklopke u jednom kućištu i predstavlja jednu fazu izmjenjivača. Sklop se bazira na komercijalno dostupnom integriranom krugu za galvansku izolaciju signala, upravljanje i zaštitu SiC MOSFET-a, a koriste se dva izlazna kanala. Koordinacija izolacije rađena je prema normama za primjenu u željezničkim sustavima. Također su provedene ispitne metode na prototipu čime je dokazana njegova funkcionalnost. The main specifications and control requirements of SiC MOSFET semiconductor switches and their capabilities compared to IGBT are described. SiC technology enables reduction of switching losses and enables switching at higher frequencies. The structure of the gate driver and the functions that must be satisfied are shown. An overview of the methods for the galvanic isolation of signal and power supply as well as the method for the switch protection was made. In the hardware design part of the thesis, a prototype of a gate driver for a SiC semiconductor module was developed and assembled. The semiconductor module that was used consists of two SiC MOSFET switches in one housing and represents one phase of the power inverter. The designed circuit is based on a commercially available integrated gate driver for galvanic signal isolation, control and protection of the SiC MOSFET. Insulation coordination was done according to the international standard for railway applications Test methods were performed on the prototype to prove proper functionality.

Previously, using the Drosophila motor system as a model, we found the classic temporal transcription factor, Hunchback acts in NB7-1 neuronal stem cells as a molecular switch to control which circuits are populated by NB7-1 neuronal progeny (Meng et al., 2019). Here, we manipulate cardinal transcription factors, Nkx6 and Hb9, which are candidate effectors of Hunchback and which alter axon pathfinding in embryos. Yet manipulation of these cardinal transcription factors does not permanently alter neuromuscular synaptic partnerships. This demonstrates that compensation can correct early defects. We perform additional temporal transcription factor manipulations, precociously expressing Pdm and Castor in NB7-1 and prolonging expression of Hunchback in NB3-1. In every case, we find permanent alterations in neuromuscular synaptic partnerships. These data support the idea that temporal transcription factors are uniquely potent determinants of circuit membership, which do not trigger compensatory programs because they act to establish the expected pattern of wiring for the motor system.

A hybrid resonant three-level ZCS converter suitable for medium voltage dc distribution network is proposed in this paper. The proposed converter adopts four IGBTs and two MOSFETs and all the six switches operation in discontinuous mode. Which can be obtained by adding a control circuit into the traditional neutral point clamped (NPC) threelevel (TL) circuit with a fixed duty cycle. Pulse width modulation is adopted for the control circuit to realize zero-currentswitching for the basic NPC TL circuit under full load range. As a result, the switching loss can be reduced significantly. The operation principles of the proposed converter are analyzed and verified by the experimental results.

In this paper, a novel type of intelligent cable lifting device for shore-to-ship power connection systems is proposed. By analyzing the shortcomings of the commonly used lifting methods in inland ports, the structure and control circuit of the new cable lifting device are designed based on collaborative motor control. The reliability and effectiveness of the proposed control strategy are verified by establishing a mathematical model of the motor and through Simulink software simulation analysis. The cable lifting device can adjust the cable delivery position in inland ports. It can, at the same time, significantly reduce manual operation and improve the efficiency of shore-to-ship power connection operation at the port terminal.