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In plants, the role of anthocyanins trafficking in response to high temperature has been rarely studied, and therefore poorly understood. Red‐fleshed kiwifruit has stimulated the world kiwifruit industry owing to its appealing color. However, fruit in warmer climates have been found to have poor flesh coloration, and the factors responsible for this response remain elusive. Partial correlation and regression analysis confirmed that accumulative temperatures above 25°C (T25) was one of the dominant factors inhibiting anthocyanin accumulation in red‐fleshed Actinidia chinensis, ‘Hongyang’. Expression of structural genes, AcMRP and AcMYB1 in inner pericarp sampled from the two high altitudes (low temperature area), was notably higher than the low altitude (high temperature area) during fruit coloration. AcMYB1 and structural genes coordinate expression supported the MYB–bHLH (basic helix‐loop‐helix)–WD40 regulatory complex mediated downregulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis induced by high temperatures in kiwifruit. Moreover, cytological observations using the light and transmission electronic microscopy showed that there were a series of anthocyanic vacuolar inclusion (AVI)‐like structures involved in their vacuolization process and dissolution of the pigmented bodies inside cells of fruit inner pericarp. Anthocyanin transport was inhibited by high temperature via retardation of vacuolization or reduction in AIV‐like structure formation. Our findings strongly suggested that complex multimechanisms influenced the effects of high temperature on red‐fleshed kiwifruit coloration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections pneumonia after fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage with amikacin in ICU. Methods Patients diagnosed with multi-drug resistant A. baumannii infections pneumonia were randomly divided into control group and treatment group. The control group received conventional treatment, and the treatment group received bronchoalveolar lavage with amikacin. After treatment, the evaluation indicators and changes of CPIS scores were compared between the two groups, and their clinical efficacies were evaluated. Results Compared with the control group, there were significant differences in seven indicators including R, HR, PO2, PCO2, CRP, PCT and WBC, and CPIS score at the 1st and the 3rd days after treatment in the treatment group (P< 0.05), while no significant differences at the 7th and 14th days (P> 0.05). After treatment, 1 case in the control group became negative after 7 days in control group, while 2 cases in the treatment group became negative after 1 day and 3 days, respectively. Conclusion Fiberoptic bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage with amikacin can be used to treat the multi-drug resistant A. baumannii infections associated pneumonia in ICU. The therapeutic method can improve clinical symptoms in the short time, and its efficacy is better than other common medicines. It has a certain clinic application value, but its long-term therapeutic effect is not obvious,need to be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Through the retrospective analysis, to evaluate related risk factors of the multidrug resistant Bauman Acinetobacter infection in RICU, so as to prevent and eliminate these factors, reduce the infection of multi drug resistant Bauman Acinetobacter. Methods We reviewed 102 cases of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter Bauman infection from 2011 to 2013 in RICU, and compared their clinical data, including age, gender the use of antibiotics, duration of mechanical ventilation and white blood cell count, PCT with pareints without multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter Bauman infection, then we evaluated related risk factors for drug resistance strains. Results The infection of multi drug resistant Bauman Acinetobacter was positively correlated to the extensive use time of antibiotics, the use time of invasive respirator and hospitalization days, while had no had no significant correlation with the gender, age, white blood cell count, PCT, immune inhibitors in RICU. Conclusion The rational use of antibiotics, the improvement of the immunity of patients and shortening the time of mechanical ventilation can effectively reduce multi drug resistant Bauman Acinetobacter infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate the behavior of the advanced unbonded pre-stressed concrete containment vessel (UPCC\T) for one typical China nuclear power plant under Japan's March 11 earthquake, five nonlinear time history analysis and a nonlinear static analysis of a 1:10 scale UPCCV structure have been carried out with MSC.MARC finite element program. Comparisons between the analytical and experimental results demonstrated that the developed finite element model can predict the earthquake behavior of the UPCCV with fair accuracy. The responses of the 1:10 scale UPCCV subjected to the 11 March 2011 Japan earthquakes recorded at the MYG003 station with the peak ground acceleration (PGA) of 781 gal and at the MYG013 station with the PGA of 982 gal were predicted by the dynamic analysis. Finally, a static analysis was performed to seek the ultimate load carrying capacity for the 1:10 scale UPCCV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Isoetes hypsophila Hand.-Mazz. (Isoetaceae) is an endangered quillwort endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Genetic variation and population structure of 12 I. hypsophila populations were examined by using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. Eight primer pairs produced a total of 472 unambiguous bands, of which 229 (48.5%) were polymorphic. Intra-population genetic variation of Isoetes hypsophila was low ( P = 14.9%, H = 0.039, hs = 0.084 and I = 0.061). The F statistics calculated by different approaches consistently revealed high genetic differentiation among populations, contributing approximately 50% of total gene diversity. Four genetic groups corresponding to four geographic regions were detected, indicating significant geographic structure. Our results suggest that both ongoing evolutionary forces (e.g., inbreeding system, bottlenecks resulting from fluctuation of water level) and historical events (e.g., orogenic movements which reduce gene flow among populations, repeated population retreat, and recolonization during ice ages) may have contributed to the genetic structure of I. hypsophila. In conservation, attention should be paid to preserving every population, and intra-region translocations can currently be recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let X be a metrizable space and let ϕ:ℝ × X → X be a continuous flow on X. For any given {φt}–invariant Borel probability measure, this paper presents a { ϕ t }–invariant Borel subset of X satisfying the requirements of the classical ergodic theorem for the continuous flow ( X, { ϕ t }). The set is more restrictive than the ones in the literature, but it might be more useful and convenient, particularly for non–uniformly hyperbolic systems and skew–product flows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To discuss the treatment efficacy of washing pulmonary alveoli with the bronchoscopy in treatment of stroke with severe pneumonia in elderly patients. Methods 168 patients were collected in the study, they were divided into treatment group with bronchoscopy (110 cases) and treatment group with conventional method (58cases). patients in the treatment group with bronchoscopy were given conventional therapy and suctioning sputum with suction tube, at the same time, the suctioning sputum and diluted with the appropriate antibiotic-sensitive local bronchoalveolar lavage were applied 1-2 times per week. Results PaO2 was higher after bronchoscopic therapy. In addition, PaCO2 (P<0.05), respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) was lower after treatment (P < 0.05). Compared with treatment group with conventional method, PaO2 was improved, the RR and HR was lower in the treatment group with bronchoscopy (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the absorptive time of inflammation by Chest film and the death rate was reduced (P < 0.05). Conclusion For elderly patients with stroke with severe pneumonia, washing pulmonary alveoli with the bronchoscopy may possess positive roles to control lung infection and to improve respiratory function in the basis of conventional therapy and suctioning sputum with suction tube. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of ultrasonic atomization of licorice extract powder combined with dexamethasone on senile pneumonia. Methods Forty patients with senile pneumonia in the 2nd people's hospital of Kunming from December 2013 to March 2014 were selected as research subjects. The patients with senile pneumonia were randomly divided into two groups: licorice extract powder combined with dexamethasone group (n = 20) and dexamethasone group (n = 20). The time spending in recovering the heart rate, body temperature and WBC, the disappearing time of cough and the disappearing time of invasive shadow in lung by chest film examination were compared between two groups. Results All patients in two groups were cured successfully. Licorice extract powder combined with dexamethasone group showed better than dexamethasone group in the disappearing time of cough and the disappearing time of invasive inflammation shadow in lung by chest film examination (P < 0.05). Conclusion Licorice extract powder combined with dexamethasone treatment is more effective for senile pneumonia than single dexamethasone treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Big fruit size and nice red pigmentation combined with good flavor should be the major target for red-fleshed kiwifruit (Actinidia spp.) breeding programs. Genetic diversity and plant characteristics were evaluated on a set of kiwifruit accessions with predominantly red flesh to identify the superior individuals for further breeding or study of commercial application. The leading phenotypic characters varied widely among the accessions. Accession R reached average fruit weight ~100 g, whereas it ranged from 43.15 to 84.71 g for the other accessions. Fruits of L and Q were flatter in shape than the others. The core volume accounted for fruit proportions ranging from 2.33% to 11.42%. 'Chuhong', 'Honghua', and K exhibited a round fruit apex, whereas most others showed a depressed apex. R, L, and Q had the highest a* values in the inner pericarp and also the most appealing visual coloration. Results revealed significantly higher soluble solid content (SSC), total sugar, and sugar/acid ratio in Q, R, and L. The 12 pairs of simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers were successfully used to characterize the genetic variability and confirm true-to-type identity for four accessions. However, the limited number of markers had no ability to discriminate among the other 11 accessions. Based on additional 28 SSRs, six of the indistinguishable accessions were confirmed to be genetically different, and three seemed to belong to the same clone vine. The results demonstrated that application of SSR data could improve the efficiency of identifying red-fleshed kiwifruit germplasm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND Plantar pressure analysis is widely used in the study of knee osteoarthritis (KOA). The present study aimed to investigate the static and dynamic plantar pressure distribution in patients with different stages of unilateral KOA using the Footscan® platform system. MATERIAL AND METHODS We recruited 94 patients aged 61.75±7.23 years old with different stages of unilateral KOA for static and dynamic analysis using the Footscan® platform system. The static pressure (%) of the left, right, anterior, posterior, and the pelvic rotation (°) was assessed. The peak pressure (PP, kPa) was investigated in 10 areas of the foot: medial heel (MH), lateral heel (LH), midfoot (MF), first to fifth metatarsals (M1-M5), hallux (T1), and toes 2-5 (T2-5). The correlation between KOA stages and plantar pressure distributions was investigated. RESULTS The results revealed that static pressure on the unaffected side and pelvic rotation were positively correlated with KOA stages. In addition, there was a positive correlation between KOA stages and PP of M5, MF, and LH zones on the affected side and PP of M2, M3, and M4 zones on the unaffected side, and a negative correlation between KOA stages and PP of T1 and T2-5 zones on the affected side. CONCLUSIONS With the progression of KOA, static plantar pressure tends to distributed on the unaffected side, and the dynamic plantar pressure tends to be distributed laterally on both feet. The plantar pressure distributions in unilateral KOA patients are abnormal and are closely related to the severity of KOA.