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The second member of the Middle Jurassic Shaximiao Formation in the rejuvenated Western Sichuan Foreland Basin contains tens of metres of thick incised valley successions. Incised valleys have been widely discussed in traditional models; however, quantitative and detailed analyses of geometric variations and their interpreted controls on ancient incised valleys have rarely been attempted in the past. Using an integrated dataset of seismic profiles, well logs and cores, this study quantifies the geometric parameters of incised valleys and investigates the smaller-scale depositional patterns. (1) During this period, incised valleys (IV) were 5-17 km wide, 20-60 m deep and traceable for 120 km along their axis, placing these valleys among the longest seismically imaged incised valleys in the world. (2) Three nested incised valley successions IV-1, IV-2 and IV-3 can be identified. Except for IV-2, the incised valleys decrease in width and depth downstream. (3) In the downstream segment, the role of tectonism diminishes gradually, and periodic base-level changes control the form and evolution of the incised valleys. A downstream decrease in the stream power appears to be responsible for the decreasing trend in the incised valley geometry. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale and Objectives: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) status, glioma subtypes and tumor proliferation are important for glioma evaluation. We comprehensively compare the diagnostic performance of amide proton transfer-weighted (APTw) MRI and its related metrics in glioma diagnosis, in the context of the latest classification., Materials and Methods: Totally 110 patients with adult-type diffuse gliomas underwent APTw imaging. The magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTR asym ), magnetization transfer ratio normalized by reference signal (MTR normref ), and spillover-corrected magnetization transfer ratio yielding R ex (MTR Rex ), and metrics based on Lorentzian fitting (Fit-amide, Fit-MTR normref , and Fit-MTR Rex ) were calculated. Group differences were compared between IDH genotypes, and among three glioma subtypes. The diagnostic performances were assessed using the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and compared. The correlations with Ki-67 expression were also analyzed., Results: All APTw-related metrics exhibited significantly higher values in IDH-wildtype gliomas than in IDH-mutant gliomas (all p < 0.001). Fit-MTR normref had the best area under the curve (AUC) of 0.858. All APTw-related metrics in glioblastomas were significantly higher than oligodendrogliomas (all p < 0.01) and astrocytomas (all p < 0.001). No metrics had significant difference between oligodendrogliomas and astrocytomas. The highest AUCs was 0.870 for Fit-MTR normref in distinguishing astrocytomas from glioblastomas, and 0.867 for Fit-MTR Rex in distinguishing oligodendrogliomas from glioblastomas. Besides, Fit-MTR normref had the highest correlation coefficient with Ki-67 expression of 0.578., Conclusion: APTw-related metrics can effectively evaluate glioma IDH status, tumor subtypes and proliferation. The combination of Lorentzian fitting and the reference signal normalization could further improve the diagnostic performance, and perform better than MTR asym ., Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Wenzhen Zhu reports financial support was provided by National Natural Science Foundation of China. Wenzhen Zhu reports financial support was provided by National Key Research and Development Program of China. Dong Liu reports financial support was provided by Hubei Provincial National Natural Science Foundation of China. Author Xiaoxiao Zhang is employed by the company Philips Healthcare. The remaining authors of this manuscript declare no relationships with any companies, whose products or services may be related to the subject matter of the article. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2025 The Association of University Radiologists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Gliomas are highly invasive brain tumors that evade accurate geographic assessment by conventional MRI due to microscopic invasion along white matter (WM) tracts. Advanced diffusion MRI techniques are needed to assess occult WM involvement., Purpose: To evaluate peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity (PSMD) and peak width of skeletonized free water (PSFW), and axonal water fraction (AWF) for assessing glioma-induced alterations in normal-appearing WM and their relationship with isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 (IDH1) mutation., Study Type: Retrospective., Population: One hundred five glioma patients (46 ± 13 years), 53 healthy controls (HCs) (46 ± 9 years)., Field Strength/sequence: 3.0 T, T1WI, T1-CE, T2WI, T2FLAIR, and DKI., Assessment: PSMD and PSFW were compared between lesion and contralateral sides in glioma patients and between patients and HCs. The associations between these metrics and clinical variables, including IDH1 mutation, was assessed. Corpus callosum (CC) injury, quantified by the AWF, was evaluated for its mediated effect of IDH1 mutation on contralesional PSMD and PSFW., Statistical Tests: Paired-t tests, ANCOVA, univariate and multivariate linear regression, and mediation analysis with significance set at P < 0.05., Results: Contralateral PSMD and PSFW were significantly higher in left-sided gliomas (PSMD: 0.206 ± 0.027 vs. 0.193 ± 0.023; PSFW: 0.119 ± 0.019 vs. 0.106 ± 0.020) than in HCs, with similar increases in right-sided gliomas (PSMD: 0.219 ± 0.036 vs. 0.195 ± 0.023; PSFW: 0.129 ± 0.031 vs. 0.109 ± 0.020). IDH1 wild-type gliomas were associated with higher contralateral PSMD and PSFW (β = -0.302 and -0.412). AWF of CC mediated the impact of IDH1 mutations on contralesional PSMD and PSFW (mediated proportion: 42.7% and 53.7%)., Data Conclusion: PSMD and PSFW are effective biomarkers for assessing WM integrity in gliomas, significantly associated with IDH1 mutation status. AWF of CC mediates the relationship between IDH1 mutation and contralesional PSMD and PSFW., Evidence Level: 4 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2., (© 2024 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.)

Objective: To explore and analyze the clinical effect and potential value of a double-capsule fecal catheter device in patients with fecal incontinence in the intensive care unit (ICU)., Methods: A total of 107 patients with fecal incontinence who were admitted to the ICU of the First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University from May 2017 to April 2023 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group, with 68 cases in the observation group and 39 cases in the control group. The observation group was given a double-capsule fecal catheter device, and the control group was given an ordinary fecal catheter device for drainage. The clinical baseline data, adverse events, skin conditions, changes of patients' quality of life (QoL), indicators from laboratory test, working pressure and burden of nursing, average length of stay (ALOS) and prognosis of patients were compared between the two groups., Results: There was no significant difference in age, gender, body mass index (BMI), hypertension history, diabetes mellitus history and smoking history between the observation group and the control group (all P >0.05). The occurrence probability of the number of catheter obstructions, perianal leakage, catheter prolapse and the incidence of discomfort reactions in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.01). After the use of the double-capsule fecal catheter device, the skin condition of the patient's perineum and perianal area was significantly improved and remained dry and comfortable for a long time, and the recovery of the primary disease in patients with fecal incontinence was also more optimistic. After application of the double-capsule fecal catheter device, the scores of QoL significantly increased in patients from the observation group ( P <0.05). After using the double-capsule fecal catheter device, the levels of WBC, neutrophils count, PCT and IL-6 in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group after nursing ( P <0.05). However, there was no significant difference in levels of CRP, TNF-α, albumin and prealbumin between the two groups ( P >0.05). The responsible nurses of the patients in the control group expressed significantly higher nursing work burden than the observation group ( P <0.05). Patients in the observation group had shorter ALOS and lower mortality than those in the control group ( P <0.01)., Conclusion: The application of the novel double-capsule fecal catheter device can reduce the adverse events and working pressure and burden of nursing, it also improved skin condition and patients' QoL. Correspondingly, it improved relevant prognostic indicators during the patient's hospitalization. It has beneficial clinical practicability and popularity for fecal incontinence in patients, and it is worthy of use and promotion., Competing Interests: None., (AJTR Copyright © 2023.)

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