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Aims: To compare the accuracy of the Yakebot dental implant robotic system with that of fully guided static computer‐assisted implant surgery (CAIS) template in edentulous implantation. Materials and Methods: Thirteen patients with edentulous were recruited and divided into two groups: the Yake robotic system group (experimental) (n = 5) and the CAIS group (control) (n = 8). Postoperative cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) was performed immediately, and the 3‐dimensional positions of implants were obtained and compared with that in the preoperative design. The comparison showed platform, apical, depth, and angular deviations. A value of p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 84 implants (36 in the robotic group and 48 in the CAIS group) were placed. The mean deviation at the implant platform, apex, depth, and angle in the CAIS group was 1.37 ± 0.72 mm, 1.28 ± 0.68 mm, 0.88 ± 0.47 mm, and 3.47 ± 2.02°, respectively. However, the mean deviation at the implant platform, apex, depth, and angle in the robotic group was 0.65 ± 0.25 mm, 0.65 ± 0.22 mm, 0.49 ± 0.24 mm, and 1.43 ± 1.18°, respectively. Significant differences in the four types of deviation (p < 0.05) between the two groups were observed. Conclusion: The accuracy of robotic system in edentulous implant placement was superior to that of the CAIS template, suggesting that robotic system is more accurate, safe, and flexible, can be considered a promising treatment in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-temperature solid adsorbent Li4SiO4 has received broad attention due to its high theoretical adsorption capacity, high regeneration capacity, and wide range of raw materials for preparation. In this paper, a Li4SiO4 adsorbent was prepared by MCM-48 as the silica precursor and modified by doping with metal ions (Ca2+ and Na+) for high-temperature capture of low-concentration CO2. The results showed that the surface of the Ca-doped (or Na-doped) Li4SiO4 adsorbent developed some particles that are primarily composed by Li2CaSiO4 (or Li3NaSiO4). Furthermore, the grains of the adsorbents became finer, effectively increasing the specific surface area and enhancing adsorption performance. Under 15 vol% CO2, the maximum CO2 adsorption was 25.63 wt% and 32.86 wt% when the Ca2+ doping amount was 0.06 and the Na+ doping amount was 0.12, respectively. These values were both higher than the adsorption capacity before the metal ion doping. After 10 adsorption/desorption cycles, the adsorption capacity of Na-doped Li4SiO4 increased by 9.68 wt%, while that of Ca-doped Li4SiO4 decreased by 7.98 wt%. This difference could be attributed to the easy sintering of the Ca-containing adsorbent. Furthermore, a biexponential model was used to fit the CO2 adsorption curve of the adsorbent in order to study the adsorption kinetics. Compared to the conventional Li4SiO4, the Ca/Na-doped adsorbent offers several advantages, such as a high CO2 adsorption capacity and stable cycling ability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solar‐to‐chemical energy conversion under weak solar irradiation is generally difficult to meet the heat demand of CO2 reduction. Herein, a new concentrated solar‐driven photothermal system coupling a dual‐metal single‐atom catalyst (DSAC) with adjacent Ni−N4 and Fe−N4 pair sites is designed for boosting gas‐solid CO2 reduction with H2O under simulated solar irradiation, even under ambient sunlight. As expected, the (Ni, Fe)−N−C DSAC exhibits a superior photothermal catalytic performance for CO2 reduction to CO (86.16 μmol g−1 h−1), CH4 (135.35 μmol g−1 h−1) and CH3OH (59.81 μmol g−1 h−1), which are equivalent to 1.70‐fold, 1.27‐fold and 1.23‐fold higher than those of the Fe−N−C catalyst, respectively. Based on theoretical simulations, the Fermi level and d‐band center of Fe atom is efficiently regulated in non‐interacting Ni and Fe dual‐atom pair sites with electronic interaction through electron orbital hybridization on (Ni, Fe)−N−C DSAC. Crucially, the distance between adjacent Ni and Fe atoms of the Ni−N−N−Fe configuration means that the additional Ni atom as a new active site contributes to the main *COOH and *HCO3 dissociation to optimize the corresponding energy barriers in the reaction process, leading to specific dual reaction pathways (COOH and HCO3 pathways) for solar‐driven photothermal CO2 reduction to initial CO production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bath stirring, degassing, and decarburization in steel refining are strongly related to flow behaviors. The bubble plume produced in Ruhrstahl–Heraeus (RH) up‐snorkel plays an important role during refining, since it not only acts as a bubble pump, but also provides the reaction interface. Herein, it is aimed to form a new flow pattern in the up‐snorkel by using a nonradially arranged gas‐injection nozzle to enhance the 260 ton RH refining process. The results show that an upward spiral steel flow is produced, when nonradial gas‐injection nozzles are used in the up‐snorkel. Meanwhile, some bubbles moved toward the center region of the up‐snorkel, which may be caused by the centripetal effect in a rotational steel flow. This leads to a more uniform bubble distribution on the cross section of the snorkel, compared to that of the conventional case. Specifically, the circulation flow rate is increased by about 18.0%, and the mixing time are shortened by about 26.2% (criteria of ±5%), compared to that of the conventional case. In addition, the inclusion removal rate is increased by 0.5%, 4.8%, and 11.3% for the inclusion size of 20, 50, and 100 μm, respectively, compared to the conventional radial nozzle case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-fourth edition (WAIS-IV) and the Wechsler Memory Scale-fourth edition (WMS-IV) were co-developed to be used individually or as a combined battery of tests. The independent factor structure of each of the tests has been identified; however, the combined factor structure has yet to be determined. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to the WAIS-IV/WMS-IV Adult battery (i.e., age 16-69 years) co-norming sample (n = 900) to test 13 measurement models. The results indicated that two models fit the data equally well. One model is a seven-factor solution without a hierarchical general ability factor: Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Processing Speed, Auditory Working Memory, Visual Working Memory, Auditory Memory, and Visual Memory. The second model is a five-factor model composed of Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Processing Speed, Working Memory, and Memory with a hierarchical general ability factor. Interpretative implications for each model are discussed. (Contains 2 figures and 5 tables.)

This study investigated the Wechsler Performance IQ (PIQ) or Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI)/ Perceptual Organization Index (POI) change over time and its relation to ability levels. PIQ or PRI/ POI was analyzed because of the known sensitivity of nonverbal scales to the Flynn effect. Scores were analyzed using two methods. First, analysis of covariance was applied to the combination of four representative samples of individuals who were administered the following pairs of Wechsler batteries in counterbalanced order: "Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-Revised" (WPPSI-R) and WPPSI-III (N = 174), "Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition" (WISC-III) and WISC-IV (N = 239), "Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-Revised" (WAIS-R) and WAIS-III (N = 191), and WAIS-III and WAIS-IV ( N = 240). Second, equal percentile equating was applied to each of the samples independently. Although the two methods produced different patterns of results, both methods showed some evidence of variation in the magnitude of the Flynn effect across ability levels. These results call into question the practice of adjusting IQs based on an average expected Flynn effect in routine clinical evaluations. (Contains 3 tables and 6 figures.)