181 results on '"Zhao HH"'
Search Results
102. Estimated glomerular filtration rates through 144 weeks on therapy in HIV-1-infected subjects receiving atazanavir/ritonavir and abacavir/lamivudine or simplified to unboosted atazanavir/abacavir/lamivudine.
- Author
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Young B, Squires KE, Tashima K, Henry K, Schneider S, LaMarca A, Zhao HH, Ross LL, and Shaefer MS
- Subjects
- Anti-HIV Agents, Dideoxynucleosides, Glomerular Filtration Rate, HIV Infections, HIV-1, Humans, Oligopeptides, Pyridines, Ritonavir, Atazanavir Sulfate, Lamivudine
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
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103. Response and inbreeding from a genomic selection experiment in layer chickens.
- Author
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Wolc A, Zhao HH, Arango J, Settar P, Fulton JE, O'Sullivan NP, Preisinger R, Stricker C, Habier D, Fernando RL, Garrick DJ, Lamont SJ, and Dekkers JC
- Subjects
- Animals, Chickens physiology, Models, Genetic, Pedigree, Phenotype, Quantitative Trait Loci, Chickens genetics, Selection, Genetic, Selective Breeding genetics
- Abstract
Background: Genomic selection (GS) using estimated breeding values (GS-EBV) based on dense marker data is a promising approach for genetic improvement. A simulation study was undertaken to illustrate the opportunities offered by GS for designing breeding programs. It consisted of a selection program for a sex-limited trait in layer chickens, which was developed by deterministic predictions under different scenarios. Later, one of the possible schemes was implemented in a real population of layer chicken., Methods: In the simulation, the aim was to double the response to selection per year by reducing the generation interval by 50 %, while maintaining the same rate of inbreeding per year. We found that GS with retraining could achieve the set objectives while requiring 75 % fewer reared birds and 82 % fewer phenotyped birds per year. A multi-trait GS scenario was subsequently implemented in a real population of brown egg laying hens. The population was split into two sub-lines, one was submitted to conventional phenotypic selection, and one was selected based on genomic prediction. At the end of the 3-year experiment, the two sub-lines were compared for multiple performance traits that are relevant for commercial egg production., Results: Birds that were selected based on genomic prediction outperformed those that were submitted to conventional selection for most of the 16 traits that were included in the index used for selection. However, although the two programs were designed to achieve the same rate of inbreeding per year, the realized inbreeding per year assessed from pedigree was higher in the genomic selected line than in the conventionally selected line., Conclusions: The results demonstrate that GS is a promising alternative to conventional breeding for genetic improvement of layer chickens.
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- 2015
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104. Achieving more with less: Extra milers' behavioral influences in teams.
- Author
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Li N, Zhao HH, Walter SL, Zhang XA, and Yu J
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- Adult, Humans, Male, Achievement, Group Processes, Social Behavior, Social Support
- Abstract
Teams are composed of individual members who collectively contribute to team success. As a result, contemporary team research tends to focus on how team overall properties (e.g., the average of team personality and behavior) affect team processes and effectiveness while overlooking the potential unique influences of specific members on team outcomes. Drawing on minority influence theory (Grant & Patil, 2012), we extend previous teams research by demonstrating that an extra miler (i.e., a team member exhibiting the highest frequency of extra-role behaviors in a team) can influence team processes and, ultimately, team effectiveness beyond the influences of all the other members. Specifically, based on a field study, we report that the extra miler's behavioral influences (i.e., helping and voice) on team monitoring and backup processes and team effectiveness are contingent on his or her network position in the team, such that the member tends to have stronger influence on team outcomes when he or she is in a central position. We also find that even a single extra miler in a vital position plays a more important role in driving team processes and outcomes than do all the other members. Therefore, our research offers an important contribution to the team literature by demonstrating the disproportionate influences of specific team members on team overall outcomes., ((c) 2015 APA, all rights reserved).)
- Published
- 2015
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105. Transcriptome analysis and microsatellite discovery in the blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) after challenge with Aeromonas hydrophila.
- Author
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Tran NT, Gao ZX, Zhao HH, Yi SK, Chen BX, Zhao YH, Lin L, Liu XQ, and Wang WM
- Subjects
- Animals, Fish Diseases microbiology, Fish Proteins metabolism, Gene Library, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections genetics, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections microbiology, Microsatellite Repeats, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction veterinary, Sequence Analysis, DNA veterinary, Aeromonas hydrophila physiology, Cyprinidae genetics, Cyprinidae metabolism, Fish Diseases genetics, Fish Proteins genetics, Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections veterinary, Transcriptome
- Abstract
The blunt snout bream, Megalobrama amblycephala, is a herbivorous freshwater fish species native to China and a major aquaculture species in Chinese freshwater polyculture systems. In recent years, the bacterium Aeromonas hydrophila has been reported to be its pathogen causing great losses of farmed fish. To understand the immune response of the blunt snout bream to A. hydrophila infection, we used the Solexa/Illumina technology to analyze the transcriptomic profile after artificial bacterial infection. Two nonnormalized cDNA libraries were synthesized from tissues collected from control blunt snout bream or those injected with A. hydrophila. After assembly, 155,052 unigenes (average length 692.8 bp) were isolated. All unigenes were annotated using BLASTX relative to several public databases: the National Center for Biotechnology Information nonreduntant (Nr) database, SwissProt, Eukaryotic Orthologous Groups of proteins (KOG), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and Gene Ontology (GO). The sequence similarity (86%) of the assembled unigenes was to zebrafish based on the Nr database. A number of unigenes (n = 30,482) were assigned to three GO categories: biological processes (25,242 unigenes), molecular functions (26,096 unigenes), and cellular components (22,778 unigenes). 20,909 unigenes were classified into 25 KOG categories and 28,744 unigenes were assigned into 315 specific signaling pathways. In total, 238 significantly differentially expressed unigenes (mapped to 125 genes) were identified: 101 upregulated genes and 24 downregulated genes. Another 303 unigenes were mapped to unknown or novel genes. Among the known expressed genes identified, 53 were immune-related genes and were distributed in 71 signaling pathways. The expression patterns of selected up- and downregulated genes from the control and injected groups were determined with reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Microsatellites (n = 10,877), including di-to pentanucleotide repeat motifs, were also identified in the blunt snout bream transcriptome profiles. This study extends our understanding of the immune defense mechanisms of the blunt snout bream against A. hydrophila and provides useful data for further studies of the immunogenetics of this species., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2015
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106. A Single-Chain Magnet Tape Based on Hexacyanomanganate(III).
- Author
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Zhang YZ, Zhao HH, Funck E, and Dunbar KR
- Abstract
The tape-like chain {[(tptz)Mn(II) (H2 O)Mn(III) (CN)6 ]2 Mn(II) (H2 O)2 }n ⋅4n MeOH⋅2n H2 O based on the anisotropic building block hexacyanomanganate(III) exhibits long-range magnetic ordering below 5.1 K as well as single-chain magnetic behavior at lower temperatures with an effective energy barrier of 40.5(7) K., (© 2015 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)
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- 2015
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107. [Promoting discipline development by the discipline evaluation--based on data analysis of integrative medicine at Beijing University of Chinese Medicine].
- Author
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Zhao HH, Wang J, and Shan J
- Subjects
- Humans, Medicine, Integrative Medicine, Medicine, Chinese Traditional
- Published
- 2015
108. G measurements with time-of-swing method at HUST.
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Li Q, Liu JP, Zhao HH, Yang SQ, Tu LC, Liu Q, Shao CG, Hu ZK, Milyukov V, and Luo J
- Abstract
We review the G measurements with time-of-swing method at HUST. Two independent experiments have been completed and an improved experiment is in progress. The first G value was determined as 6.6699(7)×10
-11 m3 kg-1 s-2 with a relative standard uncertainty (ur ) of 105 ppm by using a long period torsion pendulum and two cylindrical source masses. Later, this result was corrected to be 6.6723(9)×10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2 with ur =130 ppm after considering the density distribution of the cylinders and the air buoyancy, which was 360 ppm larger than the previous value. In 2009, a new experiment by using a simple block pendulum and spherical source masses with more homogeneous density was carried out. A series of improvements were performed, and the G value was determined to be 6.67349(18)×10-11 m3 kg-1 s-2 with ur =26 ppm. To reduce the anelasticity of the torsion fibre, fused silica fibres with Q's of approximately 5×104 are used to measure G in the ongoing experiment. These fibres are coated with thin layers of germanium and bismuth in turn to reduce the electrostatic effect. Some other improvements include the gravity compensation, reduction of the coating layer effect, etc. The prospective uncertainty of the next G value is 20 ppm or lower., (© 2014 The Author(s) Published by the Royal Society. All rights reserved.)- Published
- 2014
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109. EST-SSR markers from Heterodera glycines Ichinohe.
- Author
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Wang HM, Zhao HH, Zhao CZ, and Chu D
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- Alleles, Animals, Genetic Markers, Heterozygote, Linkage Disequilibrium, Expressed Sequence Tags, Microsatellite Repeats, Nematoda genetics
- Abstract
The soybean cyst nematode Heterodera glycines Ichinohe is a severe agricultural pest for which genetic resources are limited. In this study, 295 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) were identified from 259 expressed sequenced tags (ESTs), Which were selected from 9,443 unigenes. The successful primer pairs were designed against six regions. In total, 30 alleles were identified from 30 individuals using the six markers, with an average of five alleles per locus (range, 4-7). The observed and expected heterozygosities were 0.074-0.900 and 0.266-0.775, respectively. Significant departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium was found at three of the six loci. The EST-based SSR markers developed in this study may contribute to better understanding of the genetic structure of H. glycines populations.
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- 2014
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110. A one-dimensional cobalt(II) coordination polymer based on 2,4'-oxydibenzoic acid: poly[[[diaquabis[2-(4-carboxyphenoxy)benzoato-κO(1)]cobalt(II)]-μ-4,4'-bipyridine-κ(2)N:N'] dihydrate].
- Author
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Tang L, Fu F, Wang JJ, Liu QR, and Zhao HH
- Abstract
The reaction of CoSO4 with 2,4-oxydibenzoic acid (H2oba) and 4,4'-bipyridine (bipy) under hydrothermal condition yielded a new one-dimensional cobalt(II) coordination polymer, {[Co(C14H9O5)2(C10H8N2)(H2O)2]·2H2O}n, which was characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, magnetic properties and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Co(II) ions are connected by bipy ligands into infinite one-dimensional chains. The Hoba(-) ligands extend out from the two sides of the one-dimensional chain. O-H···O hydrogen bonding extends these chains into a two-dimensional supramolecular architecture.
- Published
- 2014
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111. Simplification to abacavir/lamivudine + atazanavir maintains viral suppression and improves bone and renal biomarkers in ASSURE, a randomized, open label, non-inferiority trial.
- Author
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Wohl DA, Bhatti L, Small CB, Edelstein H, Zhao HH, Margolis DA, DeJesus E, Weinberg WG, Ross LL, and Shaefer MS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Anti-HIV Agents adverse effects, Anti-HIV Agents pharmacology, Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active adverse effects, Atazanavir Sulfate, Biomarkers blood, Dideoxynucleosides adverse effects, Dideoxynucleosides pharmacology, Drug Combinations, Female, HIV Infections blood, Humans, Lamivudine adverse effects, Lamivudine pharmacology, Lipids blood, Male, Middle Aged, Oligopeptides adverse effects, Oligopeptides pharmacology, Pyridines adverse effects, Pyridines pharmacology, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Dideoxynucleosides therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, Lamivudine therapeutic use, Oligopeptides therapeutic use, Pyridines therapeutic use, Viral Load drug effects
- Abstract
Objective: Simplification of antiretroviral therapy in patients with suppressed viremia may minimize long-term adverse effects. The study's primary objective was to determine whether abacavir/lamivudine + atazanavir (ABC/3TC+ATV) was virologically non-inferior to tenofovir/emtricitabine + atazanavir/ritonavir (TDF/FTC+ATV/r) over 24 weeks in a population of virologically suppressed, HIV-1 infected patients., Design: This open-label, multicenter, non-inferiority study enrolled antiretroviral experienced, HIV-infected adults currently receiving a regimen of TDF/FTC+ATV/r for ≥ 6 months with no history of virologic failure and whose HIV-1 RNA had been ≤ 75 copies/mL on 2 consecutive measurements including screening. Patients were randomized 1 ∶ 2 to continue current treatment or simplify to ABC/3TC+ATV., Methods: The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with HIV-RNA<50 copies/mL at Week 24 by the Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) algorithm. Secondary endpoints included alternative measures of efficacy, adverse events (AEs), and fasting lipids. Exploratory endpoints included inflammatory, coagulation, bone, and renal biomarkers., Results: After 24 weeks, ABC/3TC+ATV (n = 199) was non-inferior to TDF/FTC+ATV/r (n = 97) by both the primary analysis (87% in both groups) and all secondary efficacy analyses. Rates of grade 2-4 AEs were similar between the two groups (40% vs 37%, respectively), but an excess of hyperbilirubinemia made the rate of grade 3-4 laboratory abnormalities higher in the TDF/FTC+ATV/r group (30%) compared with the ABC/3TC+ATV group (13%). Lipid levels were stable except for HDL cholesterol, which increased significantly in the ABC/3TC+ATV group. Bone and renal biomarkers improved significantly between baseline and Week 24 in patients taking ABC/3TC+ATV, and the difference between groups was significant at Week 24. No significant changes occurred in any inflammatory or coagulation biomarker within or between treatment groups., Conclusions: After 24 weeks, simplification to ABC/3TC+ATV from TDF/FTC+ATV/r maintained viral suppression was well-tolerated, and led to improvements in bone and renal biomarkers and HDL cholesterol., Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01102972 GlaxoSmithKline Clinical Study Register #113734.
- Published
- 2014
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112. First Report of Powdery Mildew Caused by Erysiphe cruciferarum on Chinese Cabbage in China.
- Author
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Zhao HH, Xing HH, Liang C, Yang XY, Cho SE, and Shin HD
- Abstract
Chinese cabbage, Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis (syn. Brassica pekinensis (Lour.) Rupr.), in the Brassicaceae, is an important vegetable grown on about 3 million ha in China. Since 2012, a powdery mildew has been found infecting Chinese cabbage plants (cv. Qingyanchunbai No. 1) after bolting for seed production from autumn through spring 2013 in a greenhouse in Qingdao, China. Symptoms first appeared as circular to irregular white patches on both sides of the leaves, and on stems and pods, often thinly covering the whole surface. A voucher specimen was deposited in the herbarium of Qingdao Agricultural University (Accession No. HMQAU12216). Hyphae were thin-walled, smooth, hyaline, and 4 to 6 μm wide. Appressoria on the mycelia were well developed, lobed, solitary, or in pairs. Conidiophores were erect, cylindrical, 45 to 110 μm long, and comprised 3 to 4 cells. Foot-cells of conidiophores were straight, cylindrical, 16 to 28 μm long, and 7.6 to 10 μm wide. Singly-produced conidia were oblong to cylindrical or somewhat ellipsoid-doliiform, 32 to 56 × 12 to 18 μm, with a length/width ratio of 1.8 to 3.8, with angular/rectangular wrinkling of the outer wall surface, and lacked distinct fibrosin bodies. Germ tubes were produced in the perihilar position of conidia. No chasmothecia were found. These structures are typical of the powdery mildew Pseudoidium anamorph of Erysiphe (2). The specific measurements and characteristics (especially short foot-cells of conidiophores) were consistent with previous records of Erysiphe cruciferarum Opiz ex L. Junell (2,3). To confirm the identification, the complete internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of rDNA of isolate HMQAU12216 was amplified (4) and sequenced directly. The resulting 649-bp sequence was deposited in GenBank (Accession No. KC878683). A GenBank BLAST search of ITS sequences showed an exact match with those of E. cruciferarum on B. oleracea var. acephala (GU721075) and Oidium sp. on B. pekinensis (AB522714). A pathogenicity test was conducted by gently pressing a symptomatic leaf loaded with conidia onto a leaf of each five, healthy, potted, 40-day-old plants (cv. Qingyanchunbai No. 1). Five non-inoculated plants served as a control treatment. Inoculated plants were isolated from non-inoculated plants in separate rooms in a greenhouse at 20 ± 2°C. Inoculated plants developed signs and symptoms after 10 days, whereas the control plants remained symptomless. The fungus present on the inoculated plants was identical morphologically to that originally observed on diseased plants, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. Though many Brassica spp. have been known to be infected with E. cruciferarum throughout the world, powdery mildew of Chinese cabbage caused by E. cruciferarum has been reported only in Finland, Germany, and Korea (1,3). To our knowledge, this is the first report of powdery mildew caused by E. cruciferarum on Chinese cabbage in China. Though occurrence of the powdery mildew on Chinese cabbage was noticed in an experimental breeding plot, this finding poses a potential threat to production of this vegetable in China. References: (1) U. Braun. The Powdery Mildews (Erysiphales) of Europe. Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena, Germany, 1995. (2) U. Braun and R. T. A. Cook. Taxonomic Manual of the Erysiphales (Powdery Mildews), CBS Biodiversity Series No. 11. CBS, Utrecht, 2012. (3) H. J. Jee et al. Plant Pathol. 57:777, 2008. (4) S. Matsuda and S. Takamatsu. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 27:314, 2003.
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- 2014
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113. Safety and pharmacokinetics of intravenous zanamivir treatment in hospitalized adults with influenza: an open-label, multicenter, single-arm, phase II study.
- Author
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Marty FM, Man CY, van der Horst C, Francois B, Garot D, Mánez R, Thamlikitkul V, Lorente JA, Alvarez-Lerma F, Brealey D, Zhao HH, Weller S, Yates PJ, and Peppercorn AF
- Subjects
- Administration, Intravenous, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Antiviral Agents administration & dosage, Female, Hospitalization, Humans, Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype isolation & purification, Influenza, Human virology, Male, Middle Aged, Treatment Outcome, Viral Load, Zanamivir administration & dosage, Antiviral Agents adverse effects, Antiviral Agents pharmacokinetics, Influenza, Human drug therapy, Zanamivir adverse effects, Zanamivir pharmacokinetics
- Abstract
Background: Intravenous zanamivir is a neuraminidase inhibitor suitable for treatment of hospitalized patients with severe influenza., Methods: Patients were treated with intravenous zanamivir 600 mg twice daily, adjusted for renal impairment, for up to 10 days. Primary outcomes included adverse events (AEs), and clinical/laboratory parameters. Pharmacokinetics, viral load, and disease course were also assessed., Results: One hundred thirty patients received intravenous zanamivir (median, 5 days; range, 1-11) a median of 4.5 days (range, 1-7) after onset of influenza; 83% required intensive care. The most common influenza type/subtype was A/H1N1pdm09 (71%). AEs and serious AEs were reported in 85% and 34% of patients, respectively; serious AEs included bacterial pulmonary infections (8%), respiratory failure (7%), sepsis or septic shock (5%), and cardiogenic shock (5%). No drug-related trends in safety parameters were identified. Protocol-defined liver events were observed in 13% of patients. The 14- and 28-day all-cause mortality rates were 13% and 17%. No fatalities were considered zanamivir related. Pharmacokinetic data showed dose adjustments for renal impairment yielded similar zanamivir exposures. Ninety-three patients, positive at baseline for influenza by quantitative polymerase chain reaction, showed a median decrease in viral load of 1.42 log10 copies/mL after 2 days of treatment., Conclusions: Safety, pharmacokinetic and clinical outcome data support further investigation of intravenous zanamivir., Clinical Trials Registration: NCT01014988.
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- 2014
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114. Application of BMD approach to identify thresholds of cadmium-induced renal effect among 35 to 55 year-old women in two cadmium polluted counties in China.
- Author
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Wang Q, Hu J, Han TX, Li M, Zhao HH, Chen JW, Ye LX, and Zhou YK
- Subjects
- Acetylglucosaminidase urine, Adult, Cadmium urine, China, Environmental Pollutants urine, Female, Hazardous Substances adverse effects, Humans, Middle Aged, Public Health Surveillance, Reference Values, beta 2-Microglobulin urine, Cadmium adverse effects, Environmental Pollutants adverse effects, Kidney drug effects
- Abstract
Background: Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal that can cause renal tubular dysfunction in humans. Women are among the high-risk group for Cd health effects. Determining the thresholds of Cd-induced renal effects is important. Thus, in this article, we aimed to identify the benchmark dose (BMD) and its low limit (BMDL) levels as the Cd thresholds for Chinese women., Methods: Epidemiologic investigation was performed in county A and county B to obtain data on Cd exposure and its renal effect on respondents. Levels of Cd (UCd), β2-microglobulin (UB2M), and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (UNAG) were measured in morning urine samples. The BMD approach was mainly performed., Results: Results of the BMD approach were similar whether the method was conducted for the two sets of data (collected in CA and CB, respectively) separately or cooperatively. The BMD/BMDL values of UCd for all subjects were 1.07/0.44 and 2.12/0.53 µg/g cr based on UB2M and UNAG, respectively, given a predetermined BMR of 0.05., Conclusions: The presented thresholds of Cd-induced renal effects (i.e., the BMDLs of UCd) are close to the counterpart values reported in Japan, Sweden and Belgium.
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- 2014
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115. [A correlation research on Chinese medical syndromes of chronic heart failure and various complications].
- Author
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Wang J, Chen C, Zhao HH, Chen JX, Luo LT, Xu XG, Gao SS, Zhang L, and Wang W
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- Aged, Chronic Disease, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Logistic Models, Male, Yang Deficiency complications, Yang Deficiency diagnosis, Yin Deficiency complications, Yin Deficiency diagnosis, Heart Failure complications, Heart Failure diagnosis, Medicine, Chinese Traditional
- Abstract
Objective: To study the correlation between various complications of chronic heart failure (CHF) patients and Chinese medical syndromes, thus indicating distribution laws of Chinese medical syndromes in various complications of CHF patients., Methods: Chinese medical syndrome typing was performed in 630 CHF patients by cross-sectional study of the demographic data, history of present diseases, related information on Chinese medical four diagnostic methods, and the distribution of complications. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlation of various complications of CHF patients and Chinese medical syndromes., Results: In this study, recruited were common complications such as hypertension, diabetes, arrhythmia, hyperlipemia, and cerebral vascular accident, and so on. Main syndromes were sequenced as qi deficiency syndrome, blood stasis syndrome, water retention syndrome, yin deficiency syndrome, phlegm turbid syndrome, yang deficiency syndrome. Results of Logistic regression analysis indicated that correlation existed between common complications and Chinese medical syndromes. In CHF complicated hypertension patients, Logistic regression analysis showed qi deficiency syndrome and yang deficiency syndrome were negatively correlated with hypertension (P < 0.05). In CHF complicated diabetes patients, Logistic regression analysis showed phlegm turbid syndrome and water retention syndrome were positively correlated with diabetes (P < 0.05). In CHF complicated arrhythmia patients, there was no statistical difference in the distribution of each syndrome (P > 0.05). In CHF complicated hyperlipemia patients, Logistic regression analysis showed qi deficiency syndrome and water retention syndrome were negatively correlated with hyperlipemia (P < 0.05), while blood stasis syndrome, yin deficiency syndrome, and phlegm turbid syndrome were positively correlated with hyperlipemia (P < 0.01). In CHF complicated cerebral vascular accident patients, Logistic regression analysis showed qi deficiency syndrome and yang deficiency syndrome were negatively correlated with cerebral vascular accident (P < 0.01, P < 0.05)., Conclusions: There existed certain correlations between complications of CHF and the distribution of main Chinese medical syndromes. It could be used as guidance for treating CHF and its various complications by Chinese medicine and pharmacy.
- Published
- 2014
116. [Spectroscopic characteristics of DC excited atmospheric pressure glow discharges generated in a needle-plate electrode device and a needle-water electrode one].
- Author
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Li XC, Bao WT, Jia PY, Zhao HH, and Di C
- Abstract
Glow discharge characteristics in two discharge devices, i.e. in a needle-plate electrode geometry and a needle-water electrode one were compared by using spectroscopic method. Results show that the different emission regions were found in both discharges generated by the two devices. From the cathode to the anode, there are a cathode glow region, cathode dark glow, a positive column, and an anode glow region. The anode dark region can be clearly discerned in the glow discharge in the needle-plate electrode device, while it almost cannot be found in the needle-water electrode discharge. Comparing the current-voltage characteristics of the two glow discharges, it was found that the voltage across the electrodes decreases with increasing the discharge current in both discharge devices, while the voltage in the needle-water glow discharge is higher than that of the needle-plate one at the same current value. The current-voltage curves have a negative slope and their current densities lie in the range from 10-5 to 10-4 A? cm-2, which indicates that a normal glow discharge mechanism was involved in the two discharges. Comparing the optical spectra scanning from 300nm to 800nm and emitted from the whole normal glow discharge in the two electrode devices, similar spectral lines from the two discharges can be found on the optical emission spectrum, including the second positive system of nitrogen molecules (337.1nm) and the first negative system of nitrogen molecular ions (391.4nm). However, the intensity ratio of spectral lines is different. The intensity ratio (391.4nm to 337.1nm) and vibrational temperature were investigated at different locations. It was found that the intensity ratio of the needle-water electrode discharge is larger than that of the needle-plate electrode discharge at the same location. Furthermore, the vibrational temperature in the needle-water electrode discharge is higher than that of the needle-plate one at the same location.
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- 2014
117. [Factors affecting benzene diffusion from contaminated soils to the atmosphere and flux characteristics].
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Du P, Wang SJ, Zhao HH, Wu B, Han CM, Fang JD, Li HY, Hosomi M, and Li FS
- Subjects
- Atmosphere chemistry, Diffusion, Environmental Monitoring, Models, Theoretical, Soil chemistry, Temperature, Benzene analysis, Environmental Pollution analysis
- Abstract
The influencing factors of benzene diffusion fluxes from sand and black soil to atmosphere were investigated using a flux chamber (30.0 cm x 17.5 cm x 29.0 cm). In this study, the benzene diffusion fluxes were estimated by measuring the benzene concentrations both in the headspace of the chamber and in the soils of different layers. The results indicated that the soil water content played an important role in benzene diffusion fluxes. The diffusion flux showed positive correlation with the initial benzene concentration and the benzene dissolution concentration for both soil types. The changes of air flow rate from 300 to 900 mL x min(-1) and temperature from 20 degrees C to 40 degrees C resulted in increases of the benzene diffusion flux. Our study of benzene diffusion fluxes from contaminated soils will be beneficial for the predicting model, and emergency management and precautions.
- Published
- 2013
118. A neutral Fe(III) compound exhibiting a two-step spin transition and dielectric anomalies.
- Author
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Li ZY, Dai JW, Gagnon KJ, Cai HL, Yamamoto T, Einaga Y, Zhao HH, Kanegawa S, Sato O, Dunbar KR, and Xiong RG
- Abstract
The mononuclear ferric compound Fe(H-5-Cl-thsa-Me)(5-Cl-thsa-Me)·H2O () was synthesized and characterized using powder/single-crystal X-ray diffraction, Mössbauer spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and magnetic susceptibility measurements. This photo-responsive compound shows reversible, two-step spin-crossover behaviour. Moreover, dielectric anomalies were observed during the spin transitions, demonstrating the multifunctional properties of compound .
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- 2013
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119. Reducing job insecurity and increasing performance ratings: does impression management matter?
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Huang GH, Zhao HH, Niu XY, Ashford SJ, and Lee C
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- China, Construction Industry, Humans, Motivation physiology, Personnel Management methods, Workplace psychology, Employee Performance Appraisal methods, Interpersonal Relations, Job Satisfaction, Social Behavior
- Abstract
Prior research on job insecurity has demonstrated its detrimental effects on both employees and the organization, yet no research has detailed how people actively deal with it. Drawing from proactivity research, this article argues that job insecurity prompts a proactive use of impression management tactics in the workplace. The effectiveness of these tactics depends on the level of supervisory liking for the employee and the attributions supervisors make regarding the employee's motives for the impression management behaviors (i.e., for the good of the organization or for self-interest). A 3-wave survey study of 271 Chinese employees and their supervisors showed that employees experiencing job insecurity in Time 1 reported using a variety of tactics to impress their supervisors at Time 2 and that these tactics curbed the affect associated with job insecurity and enhanced supervisor rated performance, through supervisor's liking and attributed motives. The relationship between impression management and increased supervisor-rated performance was moderated by supervisor attributions; the relationship between impression management and reduced affective job insecurity depended on supervisor liking., (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved)
- Published
- 2013
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120. [Hepatitis B e antigen perturbs the LPS-stimulated production of inflammatory cytokines by mononuclear-derived dendritic cells].
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Tang YZ, Yan F, Pan KC, Zhu JS, Chen HZ, Zhu M, Lin X, Zhao HH, and Xiao M
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- Cells, Cultured, Humans, Interleukin-12 metabolism, Interleukin-6 metabolism, Lipopolysaccharides adverse effects, Dendritic Cells immunology, Dendritic Cells metabolism, Hepatitis B e Antigens immunology
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate whether hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) can modulate the ability of dendritic cells (DCs) to produce inflammatory cytokines (IL-12/IL-6) upon stimulation in vitro., Methods: Purified adherent mononuclear cells isolated by Ficoll-hypaque density gradient centrifugation were cultured in complete medium containing granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor plus interleukin (IL)-4 to generate immature (i)DCs. Microscopic analysis and flow cytometry were performed to define the phenotypic characteristics of the iDCs. Then, different concentrations (1, 2 and 5 mug/ml) of HBeAg were added to the culture medium and for 24 hrs of incubation. To induce iDCs' maturation, the various groups of cells were incubated for 24 hrs in differentiation culture with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Effects on secreted inflammatory cytokines were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of the cells' supernatants., Results: All concentrations of HBeAg led to significant reductions in IL-6 (all P less than 0.05). Similar significant reduction trends were seen for IL-12 at the HBeAg concentrations of 2 and 5 mug/ml (both P less than 0.05), but not at the 1 mug/ml concentration., Conclusion: HBeAg may suppress the production of cytokines from DCs; this mechanism may contribute to the immune escape of HBV that supports persistent infection.
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- 2013
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121. [Vibrational temperature of plasma plume in atmospheric pressure air].
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Li XC, Chang YY, Jia PY, Zhao HH, and Bao WT
- Abstract
A tri-electrode discharge device was designed in a dielectric barrier discharge configurations to generate a fairly large volume plasma plume in atmospheric pressure air. The discharge characteristics of the plasma plume were investigated by an optical method. The discharge emission from the plasma plume was collected by a photomultiplier tube. It was found that the number of discharge pulse per cycle of the applied voltage increased with increasing the peak value of the applied voltage. The emission spectra of the plasma plume were collected by a spectrometer. The vibrational temperature was calculated by fitting the experimental data to the theoretical one. Results showed that the vibrational temperature of the plasma plume decreases with increasing the U(p). Spatially resolved measurement of the vibrational temperature was also conducted on the plasma plume with the same method. Results showed that the vibrational temperature increases firstly and then decreases with increasing distance from the nozzle. The vibrational temperature reachs its maximum when the distance is 5.4 mm from the nozzle. These experimental phenomena were analyzed qualitatively based on the discharge theory. These results have important significance for the industrial applications of the plasma plume in atmospheric pressure air.
- Published
- 2013
122. [Comparative investigation of the discharge characteristics of a single needle jet and needle-plate jet].
- Author
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Li XC, Chang YY, Jia PY, Zhao HH, Liu RF, and Di C
- Abstract
In the present paper, discharge characteristics were studied in atmospheric pressure argon by a single needle jet and needle-plate jet through combination of optical measurement and electrical one. Results show that the length and cross-sectional area of the plasmas generated in the two jets increase with increasing the peak value of the applied voltage. The cross-sectional area generated by needle-plate jet is bigger than that of the single needle jet at the same voltage. A lower inception voltage is needed for the needle-plate jet compared with the single needle jet at the same U(p). Through the spectra emitted from the two jets, electron temperature and vibration temperature wee compared for the plasmas generated by the single needle jet and needle-plate jet, respectively. It can be found that the electron temperature and the vibrational temperature of the two jets increase with increasing U(p). The needle-plate jet has higher values of electron temperature and vibrational temperature than the single needle jet at the same U(p). These results have significant values for the industrial application of the atmospheric pressure plasma jet.
- Published
- 2013
123. Involvement of GSK3 and PP2A in ginsenoside Rb1's attenuation of aluminum-induced tau hyperphosphorylation.
- Author
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Zhao HH, Di J, Liu WS, Liu HL, Lai H, and Lü YL
- Subjects
- Aluminum Chloride, Animals, Brain drug effects, Maze Learning drug effects, Mice, Neurons drug effects, Neurons metabolism, Neuroprotective Agents pharmacology, Phosphorylation drug effects, Aluminum Compounds pharmacology, Brain metabolism, Chlorides pharmacology, Ginsenosides pharmacology, Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 metabolism, Protein Phosphatase 2 metabolism, tau Proteins metabolism
- Abstract
Environmental agent aluminum, a well-known neurotoxin, has been proposed to play a role in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and produced clinical and pathological features which were strikingly similar to those seen in AD brain, such as neurofibrillary tangles. Ginsenoside Rb1, highly abundant active component of ginseng, has been demonstrated to be neuroprotective against various neurotoxins. In this study we investigated the effect of Rb1 on aluminum-induced tau hyperphosphorylation in ICR mice. Mice were exposed to aluminum chloride (200 mg/kg/day) for 6 months followed by a post treatment of Rb1 (20 mg/kg/day) for another 4 months. Aluminum exposure induced the cognitive ability by Morris water maze, and upregulated the tau phosphorylation level at Ser396 accompanied by increasing p-GSK and decreasing PP2A level in motor, sensory cortex and hippocampal formation. Post treatment of Rb1 significantly improved the learning and memory and reduced the tau phosphorylation by reversing the p-GSK3 and PP2A level. Our results indicate that ginsenoside Rb1 protected mice against Al-induced toxicity. The possible mechanism may be its role in preventing tau hyperphosphorylation by regulating p-GSK3 and PP2A level, which implicate Rb1 as the potential preventive drug candidate for AD and other tau pathology-related neuronal degenerative diseases., (Copyright © 2013. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
- Published
- 2013
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124. Inflammatory biomarker changes and their correlation with Framingham cardiovascular risk and lipid changes in antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected patients treated for 144 weeks with abacavir/lamivudine/atazanavir with or without ritonavir in ARIES.
- Author
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Young B, Squires KE, Ross LL, Santiago L, Sloan LM, Zhao HH, Wine BC, Pakes GE, Margolis DA, and Shaefer MS
- Subjects
- 1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase blood, Adult, Aged, Anti-HIV Agents administration & dosage, Atazanavir Sulfate, Biomarkers blood, C-Reactive Protein analysis, Drug Combinations, Female, HIV Infections pathology, Humans, Interleukin-6 blood, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Assessment, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Coronary Disease epidemiology, Dideoxynucleosides administration & dosage, HIV Infections drug therapy, Inflammation pathology, Lamivudine administration & dosage, Lipids blood, Oligopeptides administration & dosage, Pyridines administration & dosage, Ritonavir administration & dosage
- Abstract
Propensity for developing coronary heart disease (CHD) is linked with Framingham-defined cardiovascular risk factors and elevated inflammatory biomarkers. Cardiovascular risk and inflammatory biomarkers were evaluated in ARIES, a Phase IIIb/IV clinical trial in which 515 antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected subjects initially received abacavir/lamivudine + atazanavir/ritonavir for 36 weeks. Subjects who were virologically suppressed by week 30 were randomized 1:1 at week 36 to either maintain or discontinue ritonavir for an additional 108 weeks. Framingham 10-year CHD risk scores (FRS) and risk category of <6% or ≥6%, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A(2) (Lp-PLA(2)), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) were assessed at baseline, week 84, and week 144. Biomarkers were stratified by FRS category. When ritonavir-boosted/nonboosted treatment groups were combined, median hsCRP did not change significantly between baseline (1.6 mg/liter) and week 144 (1.4 mg/liter) in subjects with FRS <6% (p=0.535) or with FRS ≥6% (1.9 mg/liter vs. 2.0 mg/liter, respectively; p=0.102). Median IL-6 was similar for subjects with FRS <6% (p=0.267) at baseline (1.6 pg/ml) and week 144 (1.4 pg/ml) and for FRS ≥6% (2.0 pg/ml vs. 2.2 pg/ml, respectively; p=0.099). Median Lp-PLA(2) decreased significantly (p<0.001) between baseline (197 nmol/min/ml) and week 144 (168 nmol/min/ml) in subjects with FRS <6% and with FRS ≥6% (238 nmol/min/ml vs. 175 nmol/min/ml, respectively; p<0.001). In conclusion, in antiretroviral-naive subjects treated with abacavir-based therapy for 144 weeks, median inflammatory biomarker levels for hsCRP and IL-6 generally remained stable with no significant difference between baseline and week 144 for subjects with either FRS <6% or FRS ≥6%. Lp-PLA(2) median values declined significantly over 144 weeks for subjects in either FRS stratum.
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- 2013
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125. [Experimental investigation of electrical characteristics and vibrational temperature of barrier discharge in flowing argon].
- Author
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Li XC, Liu RF, Chang YY, and Zhao HH
- Abstract
The electrical characteristics and vibrational temperature were investigated as functions of gas gap width, driving frequency and gas flow rate in flowing argon by using a dielectric barrier discharge device with transparent water electrodes. Electrical measurement results show that the discharge with a smaller gas gap width has a higher value of peak current and consumes more power than that with a larger gap width. Both the peak value of discharge current and consumed power increase monotonically with increasing the driving frequency, and decrease with increasing the gas flow rate. Through analyzing the vibrational systems of nitrogen molecule by optical emission spectroscopy, it was found that the vibrational temperature has a similar trend with the peak value of discharge current and consumed power by changing the driving frequency, gas gap width and gas flow rate. These results are important to the industrial applications of atmospheric pressure barrier discharge in flowing gas.
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- 2013
126. [The FTIR spectral characteristics and comparison study of Astragalus menbranceus soil].
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Liu BW, Zhao HH, Zhao P, Wang W, Xue HQ, Wang YH, Zhou R, and Liu YQ
- Subjects
- Ecosystem, Spectrum Analysis, Astragalus propinquus growth & development, Soil chemistry, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared methods
- Abstract
To study the genuine soil of Astragalus menbranceus grows, FTIR spectrometry was used, which is accurate, simple and efficient and has high resolution. The genuine soils include six areas in Hunyuan of Shanxi province, three areas in Yingxian of Shanxi province, Fansi of Shanxi province, and Guyang of Inner Mongolia. Different growth years of two to five for each area were also studied. The results show that there are significant differences between Astragalus menbranceus soil FTIR spectrometry and general soil's, between soil of Astragalus menbranceus growth and radix codonopsitis growth, between different soil of Astragalus menbranceus growth, providing useful information for the area chose of Chinese herb cultural and transplantation.
- Published
- 2012
127. ARIES 144 week results: durable virologic suppression in HIV-infected patients simplified to unboosted atazanavir/abacavir/lamivudine.
- Author
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Squires KE, Young B, DeJesus E, Bellos N, Murphy D, Ward D, Zhao HH, Ross LL, and Shaefer MS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Anti-HIV Agents administration & dosage, Atazanavir Sulfate, Dideoxynucleosides administration & dosage, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Lamivudine administration & dosage, Male, Middle Aged, Oligopeptides administration & dosage, Pyridines administration & dosage, Young Adult, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Dideoxynucleosides therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, Lamivudine therapeutic use, Oligopeptides therapeutic use, Pyridines therapeutic use
- Abstract
Background: The open-label study ARIES (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00440947) utilized a ritonavir (/r)-boosted protease inhibitor treatment simplification strategy. Antiretroviral-naïve subjects received abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) + atazanavir/ ritonavir (ATV/r) from baseline through randomization at week 36, then maintained or discontinued ritonavir for an additional 108 weeks. Non-inferiority of the unboosted regimen was demonstrated at week 84. In this optional extension phase, virologic suppression and adverse events were assessed through week 144., Methods: Patients were randomized at week 36 if they had confirmed HIV RNA <50 copies/mL by week 30 and no previous virologic failure (VF; defined as failure to achieve HIV RNA <400 copies/mL or confirmed rebound after achieving HIV RNA ≥400 copies/mL). Three hundred sixty-nine subjects who completed 84 weeks in ARIES participated in the extension phase and maintained their randomized regimen for an additional 60 weeks post randomization., Results: At week 144, 146/189 (77%) versus 132/180 (73%) subjects in the unboosted ATV and ATV/r groups, respectively, maintained HIV RNA <50 copies/mL. Post randomization (weeks 36-144), treatment-related grade 2-4 adverse events were more common in the ATV/r-treated (23%) compared to the ATV-treated (13%) group; the most frequently reported was increased serum bilirubin (6% of ATV-treated subjects vs 14 % of ATV/r-treated subjects). During the extension phase, 3% (11/369) of subjects met protocol-defined VF (5 ATV-treated and 6 ATV/ r-treated subjects); one ATV/r-treated subject had treatment-emergent major viral resistance-associated mutations. The median change in fasting triglycerides from baseline to week 144 was significantly different (P=.001) in the ATV-treated (-8.5 mg/dL) compared to the ATV/r-treated (28.5 mg/dL) groups., Conclusions: These long-term study results demonstrate that ATV in combination with ABC/3TC is a potent, well-tolerated regimen in patients who have achieved initial suppression on a ritonavir-boosted regimen.
- Published
- 2012
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128. [Study on plasma parameters in diffuse discharge with semispherical electrod by optical emission spectrum].
- Author
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Dong LF, Tong GL, Shen ZK, Liu L, Ji YF, and Zhao HH
- Abstract
The diffuse discharge plasma in air was observed in a dielectric barrier discharge with two semispherical water electrodes. The variations of vibration temperature, rotation temperature, and average electron energy as the function of the applied voltage were studied by emission spectroscopy. The vibration temperature and the rotation temperature were calculated through the second positive band system (C3Pi(u)-->B3Pi(g)) of N2+ and the first negative band system (B2 Sigma(u+)-->Chi2Sigma(g+)) of N(2+) respectively. The average electron energy was studied by intensity ratio of 391.4 and 337.1 nm. It was found that the rotation temperature increases with the applied voltage increasing, while the vibration temperature and the electron energy decrease.
- Published
- 2012
129. Partial order and finite-temperature phase transitions in Potts models on irregular lattices.
- Author
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Chen QN, Qin MP, Chen J, Wei ZC, Zhao HH, Normand B, and Xiang T
- Abstract
We evaluate the thermodynamic properties of the 4-state antiferromagnetic Potts model on the Union-Jack lattice using tensor-based numerical methods. We present strong evidence for a previously unknown, "entropy-driven," finite-temperature phase transition to a partially ordered state. From the thermodynamics of Potts models on the diced and centered diced lattices, we propose that finite-temperature transitions and partially ordered states are ubiquitous on irregular lattices.
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- 2011
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130. [Effects of receptor interacting protein 140 on the biological activity of glia cells].
- Author
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Xie LN, Yu WD, Liang R, Zhang XR, Chao S, Zhao HH, Zhang LQ, Ma SY, and Guo JZ
- Subjects
- Animals, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Movement, Cell Proliferation, Mice, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 genetics, Apoptosis, Neuroglia cytology, Neuroglia metabolism, Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1 metabolism
- Abstract
Objective: To explore the effects of receptor interacting protein (RIP) 140 gene overexpression upon the in vitro proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration of microglioma cells., Methods: The BV-2 RIP140 overexpression model (BV-2-1) was constructed by Lipofection and G418 selection, then validated by real-time PCR and Western blotting. The proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and migration potencies were compared between BV-2-1 and its parents by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay, flow cytometry and Transwell chamber., Results: The BV-2-1 model was successfully constructed. Compared to those of the BV-2 group, the RIP140 mRNA and protein expression levels of BV-2-1 were markedly higher than those of the BV-2 group (t = 49.794, P < 0.01). MTT assay showed that the absorbance values in the BV-2 group were 1.157 ± 0.013, 1.679 ± 0.005 and 2.609 ± 0.008 at 24, 48, and 72 hours respectively. And those were 0.929 ± 0.013, 1.188 ± 0.008 and 1.528 ± 0.012 in the BV-2-1 group respectively. The proliferation at the time points of 48 and 72 hours of the BV-2-1 group were significantly lower than that of the BV-2 group (t = 6.058 and 9.245, both P < 0.01). Annexin-V staining showed that there were significant differences in the apoptosis rates between the BV-2 and BV-2-1 cells [(5.35 ± 0.23)% vs (3.46 ± 0.45)%, t = 6.619, P = 0.003)]. Transwell assay showed that the invaded cell number of the BV-2-1 group was 166 ± 43. And it was obviously higher than that of the BV-2 group (93 ± 32, t = 3.403, P = 0.007). Transwell assay also showed that the migrated cell number of BV-2 cells was 101 ± 25. And the migration potency of the BV-2-1 group (202 ± 50) was significantly stronger than that of the BV-2 group (t = 4.104, P = 0.002)., Conclusion: RIP140 effectively inhibits the proliferation and facilitates the apoptosis of microglioma cells. And it may effectively facilitate the in vitro invasion and migration of microglioma cells.
- Published
- 2011
131. [Effects of PTHrP and Notch signaling on the proliferation of epiphysis stem cells].
- Author
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Lin FT, Xia C, Zhang B, Huang JG, Zheng XP, Yi TT, Zhao HH, and Zhang YB
- Subjects
- Animals, Cells, Cultured, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Signal Transduction, Cell Proliferation, Epiphyses cytology, Parathyroid Hormone-Related Protein metabolism, Receptors, Notch metabolism, Stem Cells metabolism
- Abstract
Objective: To study the regulation of the proliferation of epiphysis stem cells by the PTHrP (parathyroid hormone related peptide) and Notch signaling systems., Methods: An organ culture system of femurs of SD rat in 24 h after birth was employed. PTHrP (1 - 34) was used as the activator of the PTHrP signaling pathway and PTHrP (7 - 34) as the antagonist of PTH (parathyroid hormone)-receptor. For Notch signaling system, Jagged1/Fc was used as the activator and DAPT as its inhibitor. The femurs were cultured in DMEM (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium)/F12 medium while phosphate buffered saline was used for the control groups. Hematoxylin and eosin staining and bromodeoxyuridine analysis were used to analyze the length of the epiphysis stem cells zone and the proliferation of epiphysis stem cells. The expression of NICD (Notch intra-cellular domain) and Jagged1 were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. The epiphysis stem cells were transfected with the lentiviral vectors with rat PTHrP gene overexpression or inhibition properties, the cells transfected with the PGC-GFP-lentivirus or NC-GFP-lentivirus were used as control. Western blot was employed to detect the expression of NICD and Jagged1 genes., Results: PTHrP (1 - 34) and Jagged1/Fc could dramatically elevate the rate of epiphysis stem cells zone by the whole growth plate length measurement while PTHrP (7 - 34) and DAPT could decrease the rate. Brdu analysis also showed that the number of proliferative epiphysis stem cells could be up-regulated by the PTHrP (1 - 34) or Jagged1/Fc signaling. By contrast, the treatment with PTHrP (7 - 34) or DAPT reduced the number of proliferative epiphysis stem cells. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot showed a significantly elevated expression of NICD and Jagged1 when PTHrP signaling was activated while a reductive expression of NICD and Jagged1 when PTHrP signaling was inactivated., Conclusion: Both of PTHrP and Notch signaling system could promote the proliferation of epiphysis stem cells. And the PTHrP signaling can stimulate Notch signaling to promote the proliferation of epiphysis stem cells.
- Published
- 2011
132. Identification and characterization of repopulating spermatogonial stem cells from the adult human testis.
- Author
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Izadyar F, Wong J, Maki C, Pacchiarotti J, Ramos T, Howerton K, Yuen C, Greilach S, Zhao HH, Chow M, Chow YC, Rao J, Barritt J, Bar-Chama N, and Copperman A
- Subjects
- Adult, Animals, Azoospermia pathology, Biomarkers metabolism, Humans, Integrin alpha6 analysis, Male, Mice, Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled analysis, Stage-Specific Embryonic Antigens analysis, Stem Cell Transplantation methods, Testis pathology, Spermatogonia cytology, Stem Cells cytology, Testis cytology, Transplantation, Heterologous
- Abstract
Background: This study was conducted to identify and characterize repopulating spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) in the adult human testes., Methods: Testes biopsies from obstructive azoospermic patients and normal segments of human testicular tissue were used. Flow cytometry, real-time PCR and immunohistochemical analysis were performed. Purified human spermatogonia were transplanted into busulfan-treated recipient mouse testes and integrated cells were detected by human nuclear protein antibody co-localized with stem cell and germ cell markers., Results: Testicular biopsies collected from obstructive azoospermic men showed similar morphology and distribution of markers to the normal human testes. Flow cytometry showed distinct populations of stage-specific embryonic antigen-4 (SSEA-4), CD49f and CD90 positive cells in the adult human testes. SSEA-4 (+) cells showed high expression levels of SSC-specific genes and high levels of telomerase activity. Extensive colonization of human cells in the mouse testes indicates the presence of highly enriched populations of SSCs in the SSEA-4 (+) sorted cells. All the HNP (+) cells in the mouse testes were positive for germ cell marker dead box mRNA helicase and only half of them were dimly positive for c-kit. In addition, subpopulations of human spermatogonia that colonized mouse testes were positively stained for CD49f, GPR-125, Nanog and Oct-4 indicating the existence of population of cells among human spermatogonia with SSC and pluripotent characteristics., Conclusions: This study clearly demonstrates that repopulating human SSCs have phenotypic characteristics of SSEA-4(+), CD49f(+), GPR-125(+)and c-Kit (neg/low). The results have direct implications for enrichment of human spermatogonia for further culture and germ cell differentiation studies.
- Published
- 2011
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133. Benchmark dose approach for low-level lead induced haematogenesis inhibition and associations of childhood intelligences with ALAD activity and ALA levels.
- Author
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Wang Q, Ye LX, Zhao HH, Chen JW, and Zhou YK
- Subjects
- Benchmarking, Biomarkers blood, Biomarkers metabolism, Biomarkers urine, Child, Coproporphyrins metabolism, Dose-Response Relationship, Drug, Environmental Pollutants standards, Female, Humans, Lead standards, Male, Protoporphyrins blood, Aminolevulinic Acid urine, Environmental Pollutants toxicity, Hematopoiesis drug effects, Intelligence drug effects, Lead toxicity, Porphobilinogen Synthase metabolism
- Abstract
Lead (Pb) levels, delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activities, zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) levels in blood, and urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) and coproporphyrin (CP) concentrations were measured for 318 environmental Pb exposed children recruited from an area of southeast China. The mean of blood lead (PbB) levels was 75.0μg/L among all subjects. Benchmark dose (BMD) method was conducted to present a lower PbB BMD (lower bound of BMD) of 32.4μg/L (22.7) based on ALAD activity than those based on the other three haematological indices, corresponding to a benchmark response of 1%. Childhood intelligence degrees were not associated significantly with ALAD activities or ALA levels. It was concluded that blood ALAD activity is a sensitive indicator of early haematological damage due to low-level Pb exposures for children., (Crown Copyright © 2011. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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134. Treadmill exercise prevents decline in spatial learning and memory in APP/PS1 transgenic mice through improvement of hippocampal long-term potentiation.
- Author
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Liu HL, Zhao G, Cai K, Zhao HH, and Shi LD
- Subjects
- Alzheimer Disease genetics, Alzheimer Disease metabolism, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor genetics, Analysis of Variance, Animals, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor genetics, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor metabolism, Disease Models, Animal, Electrophysiology, Hippocampus metabolism, Mice, Mice, Transgenic, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Spatial Behavior physiology, Alzheimer Disease physiopathology, Hippocampus physiopathology, Long-Term Potentiation physiology, Maze Learning physiology, Memory physiology, Physical Conditioning, Animal physiology
- Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease clinically characterized by learning and memory function deterioration. While it is well established that exercise can improve cognitive performance in AD, there have been few basic cellular and molecular mechanisms research performed to test the interaction between exercise and AD. In this study, we aimed at investigating whether treadmill exercise improves learning and memory function in APP/PS1 transgenic mouse model of Alzheimer's disease by enhancing long-term potentiation (LTP) and up-regulation of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) mRNA expression. Our results show that, in comparison to wild type mice, transgenic mice were characterized by impaired learning and memory function, LTP deficits and increased BDNF mRNA levels. Treadmill exercise enhanced learning and memory function not only in wild type mice but also in APP/PS1 mice paralleled by LTP. However, BDNF has emerged as a crucial regulator of synaptic plasticity mechanisms underlying learning and memory in wild-type mice, but not in APP/PS1 mice. Hence, this investigation demonstrates that treadmill exercise is an effective therapeutic that alleviate learning and memory decline in APP/PS1 mouse model, and enhanced LTP maybe a cellular mechanism involved in neuropathological course of AD and cognitive improvement induced by exercise., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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135. Development and clinical evaluation of medical robot assisted photodynamic therapy of port wine stains.
- Author
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Wang XT, Duan XG, Huang Q, Bian GB, Zhao HH, Huang NY, Gu Y, and Tang XY
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Equipment Design, Equipment Failure Analysis, Humans, Male, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Photochemotherapy instrumentation, Photosensitizing Agents therapeutic use, Port-Wine Stain drug therapy, Robotics methods, Therapy, Computer-Assisted instrumentation
- Abstract
Background: Port wine stains (PWS) are a kind of skin disease for which photodynamic therapy (PDT) has already achieved good results. With manual operation of clinical PDT, the laser density is uneven and laser irradiation of the lesion is arbitrary and non-uniform. In addition, lengthy manual operation tires doctors; thus a robot system has been developed to assist them., Methods: First, a novel medical manipulator consisting of five passive joints (robot arm) and two active joints (robot wrist) was developed to automatically improve the uniformity of laser irradiation. Second, image processing of the lesion was introduced. Third, kinematics and path planning of the robot were analysed, and safety precautions were introduced. Then, accuracy tests of the robot wrist and robot system were conducted separately before clinical application. Finally, a total of 50 PWS cases were treated using the robot system. The clinical outcomes and comparison of non-parametric values were employed to evaluate the robot system., Results: The accuracies of the robot wrist and robot system were shown to meet the requirements of clinical PDT treatment. The robot system performed successfully in 50 PWS cases. Doctors can devote more energy to clinical judgments during treatment with the assistance of the robot system. All the PWS have shown different degrees of improvement. The results show that the robot system is useful in assisting doctors for the PDT treatment of PWS., Conclusions: The experiments show the feasibility and usefulness of the robot system in assisting doctors giving PDT treatment for PWS. The robot system can lighten the load on doctors and improve the therapeutic effect., (Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.)
- Published
- 2011
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136. [Relationship between the expression of uncoupling protein 2 and the damage by oxygen free radicals in acute liver failure rats].
- Author
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Liu JY, Zhao HH, Zhu M, Chen JD, and Zhu JS
- Subjects
- Animals, Endotoxins analysis, Male, Malondialdehyde analysis, Rats, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Superoxide Dismutase analysis, Uncoupling Protein 2, Ion Channels metabolism, Liver metabolism, Liver Failure, Acute metabolism, Mitochondrial Proteins metabolism, Reactive Oxygen Species adverse effects
- Abstract
To investigate the relationship between uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) expression and the damage caused by oxygen free radicals in acute liver failure rat models. Thirty-five male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: the control group (15 rats) and liver failure group (20 rats). The rats were injected intraperitoneally with thioacetamide (TAA) to induce models of acute liver failure. The levels of endotoxin (ET) were detected by double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The expression of liver UCP2 mRNA was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. The superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malonaldehyde (MDA) were detected by spectrophotometry. The expression of UCP2 protein was observed by immunohistochemistry. The data of the two groups were compared using Mann-Whitney U test or ANOVA. The expression of UCP2 mRNA in liver failure group was higher as compared to the control group (P value is less than 0.01); the level of MDA and endotoxin of liver failure group were higher than that of the control group (P value is less than 0.01). SOD of the liver failure group was lower (P value is less than 0.01). There was a certain correlation between UCP2 mRNA expression and ET, SOD and MDA (r = 0.952, -0.667, 0. 634 respectively, P value is less than 0.05 or 0.01). UCP2 is highly expressed in the livers of liver failure rats. A certain correlation perhaps existed between the expression of UCP2 mRNA and the serous SOD, MDA and ET.
- Published
- 2011
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137. [Advanced research in Sclera collagen cross-linking treating progressive myopia].
- Author
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Zhao YY, Zhao HH, and Zhang FJ
- Subjects
- Humans, Sclera, Collagen therapeutic use, Cross-Linking Reagents therapeutic use, Myopia drug therapy
- Abstract
Collagen can link between or within collagen molecules through the covalent bond, which leads to increasing the tension and stability of collagen fiber. Collagen cross-linking had been widely used in other industries, the recent research showed that cross-linking of scleral collagen increased the scleral biomechanical rigidity efficiently, which might become a new treatment modality for strengthening scleral tissue to prevent progressive myopia. This review describes the sclera collagen characteristics of progressive myopia, traditional treatment and sclera collagen cross-linking therapy.
- Published
- 2010
138. [Diagnosis and treatment rule of traditional Chinese medicine for syndrome factors of chronic congestive heart failure: a study based on Shannon entropy method].
- Author
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Chen C, Meng YM, Zhang P, Wang J, Zhao HH, Guo SZ, and Wang W
- Subjects
- Chronic Disease, Data Mining, Humans, Research Design, Drugs, Chinese Herbal therapeutic use, Heart Failure diagnosis, Heart Failure drug therapy, Medicine, Chinese Traditional methods
- Abstract
Objective: The primary aim of this research is to systematically sort out and analyze available clinical documents for chronic congestive heart failure in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine, and to explore the diagnosis and treatment rule of TCM syndrome factors with data mining method., Methods: Based on the China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI) and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), using "chronic heart failure" or "chronic congestive heart failure" or "chronic cardiac insufficiency" and "traditional Chinese medicine" or "syndrome" or "integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine" as keywords for literature selection, we used Shannon entropy nonlinear complex system method for the feature extraction after data preprocessing., Results: The statistics showed that yang deficiency, qi deficiency, blood stasis, water retention, yin deficiency, and turbid phlegm were principal TCM syndrome factors; herbs of qi-tonifying, blood-activating, water-draining, phlegm-dispelling, exterior-releasing, interior-warming were main drugs for clinical application. The symptoms and Chinese herbs which intimately connect with TCM syndrome factors were extracted, while their diagnostic contribution degrees were quantified by correlation coefficient. The symptoms which had high scores were general syndromes while the symptoms which had low scores were specific manifestations of a certain patient. Common Chinese herbs corresponding to each syndrome factor were picked out, indirectly reflecting their frequencies in clinical application., Conclusion: Based on data mining of the relationship among the four diagnostic methods of TCM, syndrome factors and herbs, this study provided references for differentiation of TCM syndrome and selection of Chinese medicine according to clinical syndrome factors.
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- 2010
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139. MCP-1, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are present in early aneurysmal dilatation in experimental rats.
- Author
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Fan J, Li X, Zhong L, Hao-Tong, Di J, Liu F, Zhao HH, and Bai SL
- Subjects
- Animals, Aortic Aneurysm diagnostic imaging, Chemokine CCL2 genetics, Dilatation, Pathologic diagnostic imaging, Female, Immunohistochemistry, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 genetics, Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 metabolism, Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 metabolism, Matrix Metalloproteinases genetics, Matrix Metalloproteinases metabolism, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Time Factors, Ultrasonography, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 genetics, Aortic Aneurysm surgery, Chemokine CCL2 metabolism, Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 metabolism, Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 metabolism
- Abstract
Recent studies have suggested that inflammation actively participates in ascending aortic aneurysm formation. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the expression changes of adhesion molecules and MMPs in an experimental model of ascending aortic aneurysm induced by ascending aorta banding in Wistar rats. Twelve rats developed aortic dilation after ascending aorta banding treatment, while nine normal animals underwent surgery without banding were used as controls. Light microscope and scanning electron microscope showed that the wall of the ascending aorta became disorganized as well as infiltration by inflammatory cells in aneurysmal rats. By using immunohistochemical techniques, a significant increase in the immunostaining of MCP-1 was observed in the aneurysmal wall as compared to the normal aortic wall. Under similar experimental conditions, we also found that the immunostaining of ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 was markedly increased in the aneurysmal wall. In addition, gelatin zymographic analysis showed that the expression and activities of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were remarkably enhanced in the ascending aorta of ascending aortic aneurysmal rats as compared to normal rats. These results demonstrate that MCP-1, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 are involved in the pathogenesis of ascending aortic aneurysm and an increase in the immunostaining and activity of MMP-2 and MMP-9 may promote the progression of ascending aortic aneurysm.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
140. Similar efficacy and tolerability of atazanavir compared with atazanavir/ritonavir, each with abacavir/lamivudine after initial suppression with abacavir/lamivudine plus ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in HIV-infected patients.
- Author
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Squires KE, Young B, Dejesus E, Bellos N, Murphy D, Zhao HH, Patel LG, Ross LL, Wannamaker PG, and Shaefer MS
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Anti-HIV Agents administration & dosage, Atazanavir Sulfate, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, Dideoxynucleosides administration & dosage, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, HIV Infections immunology, HIV Infections virology, HIV Protease Inhibitors administration & dosage, Humans, Lamivudine administration & dosage, Male, Middle Aged, Oligopeptides administration & dosage, Pyridines administration & dosage, Ritonavir administration & dosage, Treatment Outcome, Viral Load, Young Adult, HIV Infections drug therapy, HIV-1 drug effects
- Abstract
Background: Treatment simplification strategies involving induction with a ritonavir (RTV)-boosted (/r) protease inhibitor regimen followed by simplification (without RTV) are appealing because they may offer sustained virologic suppression while minimizing potential long-term adverse effects associated with RTV., Methods: This open-label, randomized, noninferiority study enrolled 515 antiretroviral therapy-naive patients to receive abacavir/lamivudine plus atazanavir/RTV (ATV/r) followed by randomization at week 36 (N = 419) to maintain or discontinue RTV for an additional 48 weeks. Eligibility for randomization required confirmed HIV RNA level below 50 copies/ml and no virologic failure. Protocol-defined virologic failure after week 36 was confirmed rebound of HIV RNA level at least 400 copies/ml. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with HIV RNA level below 50 copies/ml at week 84 (time to loss of virologic response). This study is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00440947., Results: At week 84, noninferiority of ATV to ATV/r (95% confidence interval around the treatment difference -1.75 to 12.48%) was demonstrated with 181 of 210 (86%) patients in the ATV group and 169 of 209 (81%) in the ATV/r group maintaining HIV RNA level below 50 copies/ml. During the randomized phase (weeks 36-84), 10 versus 14% of patients in the ATV and ATV/r arms, respectively, experienced a drug-related grades 2-4 adverse event with hyperbilirubinemia being the most frequently reported (4 versus 10%). The overall rate of protocol-defined virologic failure was 2%; no patient had virus that developed a major protease inhibitor mutation., Conclusion: ATV in combination with abacavir/lamivudine is a potent and well tolerated regimen in patients who have achieved initial suppression on an induction regimen and represents a viable treatment simplification strategy.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
141. [Investigative strategy for research on biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome: feature selection-based data mining methods].
- Author
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Chen JX, Zhao HH, and Wang W
- Subjects
- Data Mining, Medicine, Chinese Traditional methods, Research Design
- Abstract
This paper is devoted to discussing two research patterns of biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome and presenting a research strategy for data mining methods. It points out that data mining methods which are based on feature selection are better fit for investigating biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome. Based on such a discussion, the concept of "characteristic pattern" is proposed to bridge the gap between "golden index" and biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome. This paper presents a novel research avenue for investigating biological basis of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
142. Ginsenoside Rb1 protects PC12 cells against β-amyloid-induced cell injury.
- Author
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Xie X, Wang HT, Li CL, Gao XH, Ding JL, Zhao HH, and Lu YL
- Abstract
Excessive accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) has been proposed as a pivotal event in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. Possible mechanisms underlying Aβ-induced neuronal cytotoxicity include oxidative stress and apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been proposed to be involved in the apoptotic mechanism of Aβ-induced cytotoxicity. Ginsenoside Rb1 (GRb1), which is among the key compounds of ginsenoside, found in ginseng, may be a potent scavenger of ROS. To examine the potential protective effect of GRb1 in Aβ25-35-induced cytotoxicity, cells were pre-treated with GRb1 for 24 h, and then Aβ25-35 was added to the medium for an additional 24 h. Exposure to Aβ led to the accumulation of ROS and lipid peroxidation, eventually causing a decrease in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio, caspase-3 activation, cell apoptosis and cell death. Pre-treatment with GRb1 not only inhibited Aβ-induced ROS overproduction and lipid peroxidation, but also increased the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and attenuated caspase-3 activation, thereby improving cell survival. GRb1 may therefore act as a ROS scavenger, and such antioxidant properties may play a protective role against Aβ-induced cell injury. Further exploration of GRb1 antioxidant properties may provide novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
143. [Edaphic FTIR finger print and the area choice of Chinese herb culture].
- Author
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Zhao HH, Wang W, Chen JX, Hou N, Zhao P, Kuang ZJ, and Liu YQ
- Subjects
- Agriculture, Plants, Medicinal growth & development, Soil chemistry, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
- Abstract
Unlabelled: In order to search for the difference of the soil of Chinese herb growth, and provide useful information for the area choice of Chinese herb culture, 53 soil samples were detected by FTIR. The results showed that all the samples have 8 peaks at 3,621, 3,425, 1,642, 1,435, 1,029, 878, 760 and 690 cm(-1), respectively, but the relative intensity is different. In addition, the peaks at 1,796, 2,982 and 2,874 cm(-1) show difference too. This can be used to distinguish soil in different area. The study also showed that soil in Tianshui and Dingxi of Gansu province are similar to that in Shanxi province., Conclusions: FTIR finger print of soil can provide useful information for the area choice of Chinese herb culture and transplantation and can be used in the study of soil.
- Published
- 2010
144. [Study on Chinese herb Astragalus membranceus by FTIR fingerprint].
- Author
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Li GL, Zhao HH, Liu YQ, Zhao P, Pei XL, Sun YJ, and Tang XY
- Subjects
- Astragalus propinquus chemistry, Drugs, Chinese Herbal chemistry, Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
- Abstract
Unlabelled: The aim of the study is to find new approach to identifying different growth years and different producing areas of astragalus membranceus simply and rapidly. The FTIR spectrometry, which is accurate, simple and efficient and has high resolution, was used to obtain the sample's FTIR spectrometry. After simple separation and extraction, the drying powder of the sample was detected. In 22 samples, there were 9 common peaks for identifying the authenticity of astragalus membranceus and 5 different peaks. According to the number, shape, and relative intensity of the peak, different growth years and different producing areas of astragalus membranceus can be distinguished., Conclusion: It is convenient and fast to identify different growth years and different producing areas of astragalus membranceus by FTIR fingerprint.
- Published
- 2010
145. [Gel electrophoresis analysis on plasma differential protein in patients with unstable angina of blood-stasis pattern].
- Author
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Zhao HH, Chen JX, and Shi Q
- Subjects
- Aged, Angina, Unstable diagnosis, Apolipoprotein A-II blood, Apolipoprotein C-III blood, Case-Control Studies, Female, Fibrinogen, Humans, Male, Medicine, Chinese Traditional, Middle Aged, Proteomics, Two-Dimensional Difference Gel Electrophoresis, Angina, Unstable blood, Blood Proteins metabolism, Proteome analysis
- Abstract
Objective: To seek the plasma differential proteins in patients with unstable angina of blood-stasis pattern (UA-BSS) for exploring the proteomic specialty in them by way of two-dimensional difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) detection on plasma of patients and healthy persons., Methods: Using DIGE and tandem mass spectrometry, comparative proteomic study was conducted on the plasma of 12 UA patients of qi-deficiency and blood-stasis pattern (UA-QBS), 12 UA patients of phlegm-stasis cross-blocking pattern (UA-PSS) and 12 healthy volunteers., Results: Preliminary results showed that Haptoglobin beta chain, DBP, HBB, HBA, Transthyretin, ApoA- I, ApoA-IV were significantly differentially expressed in both patterns, while Haptoglobin alpha1 chain, alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, ApoC-III, ApoA-II, ApoC-II, ApoJ, and Haptoglobin alpha 2 chain were only seen differentially expressed in the UA-PSS patients, alpha1-antitrypsin, Fibrinogen gamma chain, and Fibrin beta were only seen differentially expressed in UA-QBS patients., Conclusion: The common proteomics characteristics of patients of QBS and PSS patterns may be correlated with inflammatory reaction and metabolic disturbance (including blood lipid and blood oxygen).
- Published
- 2010
146. Safety and efficacy of a 36-week induction regimen of abacavir/lamivudine and ritonavir-boosted atazanavir in HIV-infected patients.
- Author
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Squires KE, Young B, DeJesus E, Bellos N, Murphy D, Sutherland-Phillips DH, Zhao HH, Patel LG, Ross LL, Wannamaker PG, and Shaefer MS
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Atazanavir Sulfate, Drug Administration Schedule, Drug Resistance, Viral, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, HIV Infections virology, HIV-1 drug effects, HIV-1 enzymology, HIV-1 genetics, HLA-B Antigens analysis, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Mutation, RNA, Viral, Treatment Outcome, Viral Load, Young Adult, Anti-HIV Agents administration & dosage, Anti-HIV Agents adverse effects, Anti-HIV Agents therapeutic use, Dideoxynucleosides administration & dosage, Dideoxynucleosides adverse effects, Dideoxynucleosides therapeutic use, HIV Infections drug therapy, Lamivudine administration & dosage, Lamivudine adverse effects, Lamivudine therapeutic use, Oligopeptides administration & dosage, Oligopeptides adverse effects, Oligopeptides therapeutic use, Pyridines administration & dosage, Pyridines adverse effects, Pyridines therapeutic use, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors administration & dosage, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors adverse effects, Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Ritonavir adverse effects, Ritonavir therapeutic use
- Abstract
Purpose: The ARIES study assessed safety and efficacy of an induction regimen with atazanavir/ritonavir (ATV/RTV) + abacavir/lamivudine (ABC/3TC) followed by simplification to ATV + ABC/3TC in antiretroviral-naïve patients., Methods: This report includes a noncomparative analysis of all patients in the induction phase of the ARIES study through 36 weeks (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT00440947). This open-label study included 515 antiretroviral-naïve,HLA-B*5701-negative patients receiving a regimen of ATV 300 mg, RTV 100 mg, and ABC/3TC 600 mg/300 mg once daily for 36 weeks; eligible patients were then randomized to continue the induction regimen or simplify to ATV 400 mg plus ABC/3TC 600 mg/300 mg once daily., Results: Eighty-six percent (442/515) of patients completed 36 weeks on study; 80% (410/515) achieved HIV RNA <50 copies/mL (84% and 76% of patients with baseline HIV RNA of < and >or=100,000 copies/mL achieved this endpoint). Virologic failure (VF) was uncommon (3%); treatment-emergent major protease inhibitor and nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor mutations were detected in 0/15 and 4/15 patients, respectively. Median CD4+ cell increase was 171 (range, -176 to 718) cells/mm(3). Hyperbilirubinemia (13%), diarrhea (4%), nausea (2%), and rash (2%) were the most frequent drug-related Grade 2-4 adverse events. Few adverse events (3%) led to study discontinuation., Conclusions: Induction with ATV/RTV + ABC/3TC once daily provides an efficacious and well-tolerated regimen for the initial treatment of HIV.
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
147. delta-Aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity, urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid concentration and zinc protoporphyrin level among people with low level of lead exposure.
- Author
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Wang Q, Zhao HH, Chen JW, Hao QL, Gu KD, Zhu YX, Zhou YK, and Ye LX
- Subjects
- Adult, Alcohol Drinking, Biomarkers metabolism, Child, China, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Sex Factors, Smoking, Aminolevulinic Acid urine, Environmental Exposure, Lead blood, Porphobilinogen Synthase metabolism, Protoporphyrins blood
- Abstract
To evaluate the relationship of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity, urinary delta-aminolevulinic acid (ALAU) level and blood zinc protoporphyrin (ZPP) concentration to low blood lead (PbB) levels, these biomarkers were determined for all subjects enrolled from a rural area of southeast China where people had low levels of exposure to lead. The mean values of PbB, ALAD, ALAU and ZPP were 67.11 microg/L (SD: 1.654, range: 10.90-514.04), 339.66 nmol ml(-1)h(-1) (1.419, 78.33-793.13), 20.64 microg/L (1.603, 2.00-326.00), and 0.14 micromol/L (3.437, 0.01-2.26), respectively. ALAD was inversely associated with low levels of PbB. ZPP was inversely related to low levels of PbB but positively related to relatively higher levels of PbB. Alcohol drinking contributed to low ALAD in men. Women had higher ZPP than men. ALAU had no significant association with PbB. In conclusion, ALAD possibly has a non-linear relation with low to moderate levels of PbB. At moderate levels of PbB, ZPP increases with increasing levels of PbB. ALAU is not suitable as an indicator for low levels of lead exposure., (Copyright 2009 Elsevier GmbH. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
148. Adverse health effects of lead exposure on children and exploration to internal lead indicator.
- Author
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Wang Q, Zhao HH, Chen JW, Gu KD, Zhang YZ, Zhu YX, Zhou YK, and Ye LX
- Subjects
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity psychology, Child, China, Female, Humans, Intelligence drug effects, Male, Environmental Exposure, Lead toxicity
- Abstract
Our research on adverse effects of lead exposures on physical and neurobehavioral health of children aged 6-12years in 4 villages, labeled as K, M, L, and X, in rural China, was reported in this article. Lead in blood (PbB), urine (PbU), hairs (PbH), and nails (PbN) were measured by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Abbreviated Symptom Questionnaire of Conner's instruments and Revised Raven's Standard Progressive Matrices were applied to evaluate childhood attention deficit/hyperactivity disorders (ADHD) and intelligences. Geometric means (SD) of PbB, PbU, PbH and PbN concentrations were 71.2 microg/L (1.56), 11.7 microg/g (1.75), 12.5 microg/g (2.82), and 25.3 microg/g (2.79), respectively. 54 (17.0%) children had PbB levels of > or =100 microg/L. Boys, 6-10 years old, and living in village K were 2.11, 2.48, and 9.16 times, respectively, more likely to be poisoned by lead than girls, aged 11-12 years, and residing in X. 18 (5.7%) and 37 (11.7%) subjects had ADHD and mental retardations, respectively. Inverse relationships between intelligences and natural log transformed PbU and PbH levels were observed with respective odds ratios (95%CI) of 1.79 (1.00-3.22) and 1.46 (1.06-2.03) or 1.28 (1.04-1.58) and 1.73 (1.18-2.52) by binary or ordinal logistic regression modeling. ADHD prevalence was different by gender and age of subjects. PbU, PbH, and PbN related to PbB positively with respective correlation coefficients of 0.530, 0.477, and 0.181. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves of the three measurements revealed areas under curves (AUCs) being 0.829, 0.758, and 0.687, respectively. In conclusion, children had moderate levels of lead exposures in this rural area. Intelligence declines were associated with internal lead levels among children. ROC analysis suggests PbU an internal lead indicator close to PbB.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
149. [A study on gastrointestinal dysmotility in rats with acute liver failure].
- Author
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Zhao HH, Liu JY, Zhu M, Wang GG, Lin X, and Zhu JS
- Subjects
- Alanine Transaminase blood, Animals, Bilirubin blood, Disease Models, Animal, Endotoxemia etiology, Endotoxins blood, Gastrointestinal Hormones blood, Liver pathology, Liver Failure, Acute blood, Liver Failure, Acute etiology, Liver Function Tests, Rats, Thioacetamide administration & dosage, Gastrointestinal Motility physiology, Intestine, Small physiopathology, Liver Failure, Acute physiopathology
- Published
- 2009
150. 1,3-Bis[(4-nitro-benzyl-idene)amino-oxy]propane.
- Author
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Dong WK, Sun YX, Tong JF, Zhao HH, and Wang L
- Abstract
The complete molecule of title compound, C(17)H(16)N(4)O(6), is generated by a crystallographic twofold axis. Within the mol-ecule, the two benzene units are approximately perpen-dicular, making a dihedral angle of 85.91 (4)°. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into a three-dimensional network by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and short O⋯O and N⋯O inter-actions, with distances of 2.998 (2) and 2.968 (3) Å, respectively.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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