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The 2D materials exhibit numerous technological applications, but their scalable production is a core challenge. Herein, ball milling exfoliation in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) and polystyrene (PS) is demonstrated to completely exfoliate hexagonal boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs), graphene, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), and tungsten disulfide (WS2). The exfoliation yield of 91%, 93%, 92%, and 92% and average aspect ratios of 743, 565, 564, and 502 for BNNSs, graphene, MoS2, and WS2, respectively, are achieved. Integrating exfoliated BNNSS in the polystyrene matrix, 3768 % thermal conductivity in the axial direction and 316% in the cross‐plane direction at 12 wt.% loading is increased. Also, the in‐plane and cross‐plane electrical conductivity of 6.3 × 10−4 S m−1 and 6.6 × 10−3 S m−1, respectively, and the electromagnetic interference (EMI) of 63.3 dB is achieved by exfoliated graphene nanosheets based composite. High thermal and electrical conductivities and EMI shielding are attributed to the high aspect ratio and ultrathin morphology of the exfoliated nanosheets, which exert high charge mobility and form better the percolation network in the composite films due to their high surface area. The process demonstrate herein can produce substantial quantities of diverse 2D nanosheets for widespread commercial utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to extract phenolic-enriched compounds, specifically oleuropein, luteoloside, and hydroxytyrosol, from olive leaves using ball milling-assisted extraction (BMAE). Response surface methodology (RSM) and the Box–Behnken design (BBD) were used to evaluate the effects of the temperature, solvent-to-solid ratio, and milling speed on extraction recovery. The contents of the extract were determined by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and converted to recoveries to evaluate the extraction efficiency. The optimal extraction conditions for oleuropein, luteoloside, and hydroxytyrosol were identified. Oleuropein had a recovery of 79.0% ± 0.9% at a temperature of 56.4 °C, a solvent-to-solid ratio of 39.1 mL/g, and a milling speed of 429 rpm. Luteoloside's recovery was 74.6% ± 1.2% at 58.4 °C, 31.3 mL/g, and 328 rpm. Hydroxytyrosol achieved 43.1% ± 1.3% recovery at 51.5 °C, 32.7 mL/g, and 317 rpm. The reason for the high recoveries might be that high energy ball milling could reduce the sample size further, breaking down the cell walls of olive leaves, to enhance the mass transfer of these components from the cell to solvent. BMAE is displayed to be an efficient approach to extracting oleuropein, luteoloside, and hydroxytyrosol from olive leaves, which is easy to extend to industrial production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The abdomen houses multiple vital organs, which are associated with various diseases posing significant risks to human health. Early detection of abdominal organ conditions allows for timely intervention and treatment, preventing deterioration of patients' health. Segmenting abdominal organs aids physicians in more accurately diagnosing organ lesions. However, the anatomical structures of abdominal organs are relatively complex, with organs overlapping each other, sharing similar features, thereby presenting challenges for segmentation tasks. In real medical scenarios, models must demonstrate real-time and low-latency features, necessitating an improvement in segmentation accuracy while minimizing the number of parameters. Researchers have developed various methods for abdominal organ segmentation, ranging from convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to Transformers. However, these methods often encounter difficulties in accurately identifying organ segmentation boundaries. MetaFormer abstracts the framework of Transformers, excluding the multi-head Self-Attention, offering a new perspective for solving computer vision problems and overcoming the limitations of Vision Transformers and CNN backbone networks. To further enhance segmentation effectiveness, we propose a U-shaped network, integrating SEFormer and depthwise cascaded upsampling (dCUP) as the encoder and decoder, respectively, into the UNet structure, named SEF-UNet. SEFormer combines Squeeze-and-Excitation modules with depthwise separable convolutions, instantiating the MetaFormer framework, enhancing the capture of local details and texture information, thereby improving edge segmentation accuracy. dCUP further integrates shallow and deep information layers during the upsampling process. Our model significantly improves segmentation accuracy while reducing the parameter count and exhibits superior performance in segmenting organ edges that overlap each other, thereby offering potential deployment in real medical scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital-real integration and green economy have become an important driving force to propel logistics industrial transformation upgrading and sustainable development. This paper analyzed the impact of digital-real integration on the transformation and upgrading of the logistics industry and the role of green economy from the perspectives of endogenous growth theory, green development theory, and industrial organization theory. Utilizing the panel data spanning 2013 to 2022 from 11 cities in Hebei Province, China, this study established the measurement indicator systems of logistics industrial transformation and upgrading, digital-real integration, and green economy, and measured the integrated developmental level employing an entropy weight–TOPSIS–grey correlation model. Further, the benchmark regression model, moderation effect model, and threshold effect model were applied to delve into the influence mechanism of logistics industrial transformation and upgrading influenced by digital-real integration under the green economy. The research results showed that: Digital-real integration contributed favorably to the transformation and upgrading of the logistics industry. The green economy exerted a beneficial moderating influence on the process, where digital-real integration affected the transformation upgrading of the logistics industry, and the moderating effect of the innovation elements was significantly the strongest. Digital-real integration exhibited a single threshold effect, and the moderating impact of the green economy also had a single threshold condition, and once both thresholds were surpassed, digital-real integration significantly promoted the logistics industrial reformation and upgrading. Drawing from the aforementioned conclusions, this study advanced development recommendations in terms of strengthening regional cooperation, intensifying digital-real integration, exerting the effect of the green economy, and establishing dynamic monitoring and evaluation mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

β‐Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a biologically active nucleotide that regulates the physiological metabolism of the body by rapidly increasing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+). To determine the safety and biological activity of NMN resources, we constructed a recombinant strain of P. pastoris that heterologously expresses nicotinamide‐phosphate ribosyltransferase (NAMPT), and subsequently catalyzed and purified the expressed product to obtain NMN. Consequently, this study established a high‐fat diet (HFD) obese model to investigate the lipid‐lowering activity of NMN. The findings showed that NMN supplementation directly increased the NAD+ levels, and reduced HFD‐induced liver injury and lipid deposition. NMN treatment significantly decreased total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) in serum and liver, as well as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and insulin levels in serum (p <.05 or p <.01). In conclusion, this study combined synthetic biology with nutritional evaluation to confirm that P. pastoris‐generated NMN modulated lipid metabolism in HFD mice, offering a theoretical framework and evidence for the application of microbially created NMN. Significance statement: The application of β‐Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) faces challenges in the food and pharmaceutical industries due to safety concerns in its production, and the role of NMN in the regulation of lipid metabolism in a high‐fat diet (HFD) model is unclear. In this article, a recombinant strain of P. pastoris that heterologously expresses nicotinamide‐phosphate ribosyltransferase (NAMPT) was constructed, and NMN yield of 1.46 mg/g DCW was obtained by methanol induction of P. pastoris. Furthermore, this study found that supplementation with microbial‐derived NMN reduced liver injury and lipid deposition in HFD mice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, with the rapid development of the Internet, the promotion and application of TikTok and other short video APPs have greatly enriched people’s life and ways of leisure. Many enterprises pay attention to the value of short video marketing, and short videos, as a type of commodity, have been used for marketing. All of these have promoted the continuous growth of short video marketing mode. However, at present, some enterprises or businesses are not clear about the impact of short video marketing on consumers’ purchasing behavior, which to a certain extent affects the utilization of business resources and the sustainable and stable development of enterprises. This paper mainly analyzes the characteristics of short video marketing, studies the the influence factors of short video marketing on consumer purchasing behavior, and puts forward some effective suggestions. Conclusions can be drawn that short video marketing has the features of original content and a combination of online and offline. One influence factor of the consumer purchasing behavior is the short video marketing platform availability and function availability. Another one is the psychological distance between consumers and short video marketing. Moreover, in order to improve the short video marketing effects, it is essential to make the personalized marketing scheme based on consumer demands and improve the professional quality of short video bloggers. Additionally, there is a need to build a consumer value common trust and strengthen the short video content management. Last but not least, it is also important to focus on the interaction with consumers and organize more diversified promotional activities.

Due to their unique photoelectric properties, nontoxic tin‐based perovskites are emerging candidates for efficient near‐infrared LEDs. However, the facile oxidation of Sn2+ and the rapid crystallization rate of tin‐based perovskites result in suboptimal film quality, leading to inferior efficiencies of tin‐based perovskite light‐emitting diodes (Pero‐LEDs). In this study, we investigate the influence of commonly used solvents on the quality of the CsSnI3 films. Remarkably, DMSO exhibits a stronger interaction with SnI2, forming a stable intermediate phase of SnI2·3DMSO. This intermediate effectively inhibits the oxidation of Sn2+ and slows down the crystallization rate, bringing in lower defect state density and higher photoluminescence quantum yield of the prepared perovskite films. Consequently, the corresponding Pero‐LEDs achieve a maximum external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 5.6%, among the most efficient near‐infrared Pero‐LEDs. In addition, the device processes ultra‐low efficiency roll‐off and high reproducibility. Our research underscores the crucial role of solvent‐perovskite coordination in determining film quality. These findings offer valuable guidance for screening solvents to prepare highly efficient and stable tin‐based perovskites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractTo explore the meshing mechanism of classic conic worm drive and provide a theoretical basis for creating other types of worm drive, a complete meshing theory on the proposed worm pair and its meshing performance are investigated. A new mathematical model containing a full set of geometric parameters on this drive is established using differential geometry. The formulae for calculating the reference point coordinates in different coordinate systems are attained, and then the blank size of the conical worm wheel is given. To build tooth surface boundaries, the meshing theory based on reference point is applied, which ensures the location of this point on the tooth surface. By solving multivariate nonlinear equation system in MATLAB environment, these conjugate regions and instantaneous contact lines are plotted within the axial section of the conic worm pair, at the same time, these values of sliding angle and induced principal curvature at meshing points are calculated. Finally, a numerical study is performed and the results verify that the conic worm pair has a relatively high tooth surface utilization ratio and favorable conditions for contact stress and lubrication, which is consistent with the practical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The theory of calculating the curvature interference limit line of the offset involute cylindrical worm drive based on the singular point condition on the enveloping surface is established. The tooth surface equations and the meshing function of the worm drive are derived. Based on the singular point condition that the normal vector of the enveloping surface is zero, the equation of the curvature interference limit line is obtained. By employing the resultant elimination method and the geometric construction, the existence of the solutions of the curvature interference limit line is determined, and the reasonable initial values for the iteration program are afforded. The numerical outcomes show that there is one meaningful curvature interference limit line on each flank of single tooth of the worm gear, which usually does not enter the worm gear tooth surface. Both flanks of the worm gear are all settled in the side of the limit line, the curvature interference does not happen on the worm gear tooth surface. The undercutting of the cutting engagement process generally does not happen. The results also reveal that the curvature interference limit line is closer to the addendum and heel of the face worm gear on the i flank, which has the greatest potential venture inflict the undercutting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Under normal physiological conditions, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced through redox reactions as byproducts of respiratory and metabolic activities. However, due to various endogenous and exogenous factors, the body may produce excessive ROS, which leads to oxidative stress (OS). Numerous studies have shown that OS causes a variety of pathological changes in cells, including mitochondrial dysfunction, DNA damage, telomere shortening, lipid peroxidation, and protein oxidative modification, all of which can trigger apoptosis and senescence. OS also induces a variety of aging-related diseases, such as retinal disease, neurodegenerative disease, osteoarthritis, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, ovarian disease, and prostate disease. In this review, we aim to introduce the multiple internal and external triggers that mediate ROS levels in rodents and humans as well as the relationship between OS, aging, and aging-related diseases. Finally, we present a statistical analysis of effective antioxidant measures currently being developed and applied in the field of aging research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]