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The article focuses on hypertrophic cranial pachymeningitis (HCP) is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by fibrous thickening of the dura. Topics include Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) secondary to IHCP has rarely been reported, and Chronic headache is the most common symptom, but it is nonspecific.

Abstract Background With the rapid growth of genome sequencing projects, genome browser is becoming indispensable, not only as a visualization system but also as an interactive platform to support open data access and collaborative work. Thus a customizable genome browser framework with rich functions and flexible configuration is needed to facilitate various genome research projects. Results Based on next-generation web technologies, we have developed a general-purpose genome browser framework ABrowse which provides interactive browsing experience, open data access and collaborative work support. By supporting Google-map-like smooth navigation, ABrowse offers end users highly interactive browsing experience. To facilitate further data analysis, multiple data access approaches are supported for external platforms to retrieve data from ABrowse. To promote collaborative work, an online user-space is provided for end users to create, store and share comments, annotations and landmarks. For data providers, ABrowse is highly customizable and configurable. The framework provides a set of utilities to import annotation data conveniently. To build ABrowse on existing annotation databases, data providers could specify SQL statements according to database schema. And customized pages for detailed information display of annotation entries could be easily plugged in. For developers, new drawing strategies could be integrated into ABrowse for new types of annotation data. In addition, standard web service is provided for data retrieval remotely, providing underlying machine-oriented programming interface for open data access. Conclusions ABrowse framework is valuable for end users, data providers and developers by providing rich user functions and flexible customization approaches. The source code is published under GNU Lesser General Public License v3.0 and is accessible at http://www.abrowse.org/. To demonstrate all the features of ABrowse, a live demo for Arabidopsis thaliana genome has been built at http://arabidopsis.cbi.edu.cn/.

Abstract Background The concurrent release of rice genome sequences for two subspecies (Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica and Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) facilitates rice studies at the whole genome level. Since the advent of high-throughput analysis, huge amounts of functional genomics data have been delivered rapidly, making an integrated online genome browser indispensable for scientists to visualize and analyze these data. Based on next-generation web technologies and high-throughput experimental data, we have developed Rice-Map, a novel genome browser for researchers to navigate, analyze and annotate rice genome interactively. Description More than one hundred annotation tracks (81 for japonica and 82 for indica) have been compiled and loaded into Rice-Map. These pre-computed annotations cover gene models, transcript evidences, expression profiling, epigenetic modifications, inter-species and intra-species homologies, genetic markers and other genomic features. In addition to these pre-computed tracks, registered users can interactively add comments and research notes to Rice-Map as User-Defined Annotation entries. By smoothly scrolling, dragging and zooming, users can browse various genomic features simultaneously at multiple scales. On-the-fly analysis for selected entries could be performed through dedicated bioinformatic analysis platforms such as WebLab and Galaxy. Furthermore, a BioMart-powered data warehouse "Rice Mart" is offered for advanced users to fetch bulk datasets based on complex criteria. Conclusions Rice-Map delivers abundant up-to-date japonica and indica annotations, providing a valuable resource for both computational and bench biologists. Rice-Map is publicly accessible at http://www.ricemap.org/, with all data available for free downloading.

Abstract Background New genes generated by retroposition are widespread in humans and other mammalian species. Usually, this process copies a single parental gene and inserts it into a distant genomic location. However, retroposition of two adjacent parental genes, i.e. co-retroposition, had not been reported until the hominoid chimeric gene, PIPSL, was identified recently. It was shown how two genes linked in tandem (phosphatidylinositol-4-phosphate 5-kinase, type I, alpha, PIP5K1A and proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase, 4, PSMD4) could be co-retroposed from a single RNA molecule to form this novel chimeric gene. However, understanding of the origination and biological function of PIPSL requires determination of the coding potential of this gene as well as the evolutionary forces acting on its hominoid copies. Results We tackled these problems by analyzing the evolutionary signature in both within-species variation and between species divergence in the sequence and structure of the gene. We revealed a significant evolutionary signature: the coding region has significantly lower sequence variation, especially insertions and deletions, suggesting that the human copy may encode a protein. Moreover, a survey across five different hominoid species revealed that all adaptive changes of PSMD4-derived regions occurred on branches leading to human and chimp rather than other hominoid lineages. Finally, computational analysis suggests testis-specific transcription of PIPSL is regulated by tissue-dependent methylation rather than some transcriptional leakage. Conclusion Therefore, this set of analyses showed that PIPSL is an extraordinary co-retroposed protein-coding gene that may participate in the male functions of humans and its close relatives.

The first-line therapy for primary immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is steroids, but about one-third of patients do not respond to steroids. Recent studies have shown megakaryocyte (MK) growth and development abnormalities and poorly compensated thrombopoiesis. Here, we attempted to determine the impact of MK morphological classification on steroid response. We enrolled 170 adult patients with primary ITP and divided them into steroid-sensitive ITP (109/170) and non-steroid-sensitive ITP (61/170) groups. In the univariate logistic model, female, reduced thrombocytogenic MK count (TMC), increased granular MK count to total MK count ratio (GMC/TM ratio), and elevated naked nucleus MK count to TM count ratio were significantly associated with steroid-sensitive ITP. In the multivariate logistic model, sex, reduced TMC, and increased GMC/TM ratio were independent predictors of steroid-sensitive ITP diagnosis. Based on the regression parameters, we established a predictive index with weighted risk score of 1 assigned each to sex, TMC, and GMC/TM ratio. A predictive index ≥2 points had the best area under the curve value (0.63) with 47.7% sensitivity and 78.7% specificity for predicting steroid sensitivity. These findings may help guide early treatment strategies in ITP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the impressive progresses in terahertz (THz) sources and detection, there is still a big challenge for high performance active optoelectronic THz devices such as THz modulators. All‐optically controlled THz modulators with large modulation depth (MD) and wide modulation bandwidth are of great importance for the THz technology. Herein, a MoTe2/Si van der Waals (vdWs) heterostructure is rationally designed as all‐optical THz modulator by taking advantage of their similar band alignment and easy integration with Si complementary metal‐oxide‐semiconductor (CMOS). The MoTe2/Si modulator presents an ultrasensitive THz modulation performance with a MD of 99.9% under a low illumination power of 300 mW at 1064 nm. This is a record MD for TMDCs‐based all‐optically controlled THz modulators to date. Moreover, the MoTe2/Si modulator exhibits broadband modulation performance with a wide frequency range from 0.3 to 2.0 THz. The high modulation performance under low illumination power is beneficial for practical application with low energy consumption and easy heat dissipation, which is advantageous to modulator chip. This work validates a facile protocol for fabricating high performance THz modulators and paves the way for their practical applications in THz technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transcription Factors (TFs) are key regulators of how plants grow and develop. Among the diverse TF families, the Glabrous-enhancer binding protein (GeBP) family plays a key role in trichome initiation and leaf development. The specific roles of GeBP TFs in plants remain largely unexplored, although GeBP transcription factors play important roles in plants. This study identified 16 GhGeBP genes in Gossypium hirsutum, ranging from 534 bp (GhGeBP14) to 1560 bp (GhGeBP2). Phylogenetic analysis grouped 16 GhGeBP genes clustered into three subgroups, unevenly distributed across 14 chromosomes. Analysis of the cis-acting elements revealed 408 motifs in the 2 kb upstream regions of the promoters, including stress-responsive, phytohormone-responsive, and light-responsive elements. Tissue-specific expression analysis showed 8 GhGeBP genes were highly expressed across all tissues, while GhGeBP4 and GhGeBP12 were down-regulated under conditions of drought, salt, cold, and heat stress. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified GhGeBP4 was associated with fiber micronaire (FM) and fiber strength (FS), while GhGeBP9 was linked to the node of the first fruiting branch (NFFB) and flowering time (FT). Haplotype analysis revealed that GhGeBP4-HAP2 exhibited higher fiber quality traits, while GhGeBP9-HAP2 was associated with early maturity. The results of this study offer significant insights that are worthy of further investigation into the role of the GhGeBP gene family in G. hirsutum and promising targets for marker-assisted selection strategies in cotton breeding programs, particularly for improving fiber quality and early maturity traits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Germanium phosphide (GeP), a typical 2D group IV–V semiconductor, has attracted significant attention due to the advantages of higher thermodynamic stability than black phosphorus (BP), widely tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and in‐plane anisotropy. However, its photonic and optoelectronic properties have not been extensively explored so far. Herein, large size and high‐quality GeP single bulk crystal is successfully grown by flux method and stripped into 2D nanosheets with liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) and spin‐coating methods. The broad‐band photonic and optoelectronic properties of 2D GeP nanosheets are systematically investigated. First principles calculations are performed to verify its widely tunable bandgap from 0.43 eV for bulk to 1.58 eV for monolayer. The ultrafast carrier dynamic and non‐linear optical responses are investigated by non‐degenerated pump‐probe and open‐aperture Z‐scan methods, and the results indicate that 2D GeP nanosheets can present excellent broad‐band saturable absorption properties. Furthermore, the 2D GeP nanosheets‐based broad‐band saturable absorbers (SAs) and photodetectors are demonstrated. The results indicate that 2D GeP nanosheets can be used as excellent broad‐band optical modulators and detectors, which will arouse a considerable interest in exploring novel group IV–V 2D materials for broad‐band photonic and optoelectronic applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concentrated photovoltaic-thermoelectric generator (CPV-TEG) hybrid system can harvest the low-grade waste heat derived from photovoltaic cells to generate more electric energy. However, it is economically unfeasible due to the expensive cost of thermoelectric generators and higher photovoltaics temperature. Ionic thermocell based on thermogalvanic effect has a more inexpensive cost and ionic Seebeck coefficient of 1– 2 orders of magnitude higher than thermoelectric generators, which is promising for full-spectrum solar cascade utilization. In present work, a novel concentrated photovoltaic and ionic thermocells hybrid system (CPV-iTEC) is reported, aiming to comprehensively evaluate its feasibility. The ionic thermocell adhered directly to the photovoltaic panel consists the π-type multi-channels, electrodes and p/n-type redox electrolytes flowing in multi-channels, which can simultaneously cool photovoltaic panel and output electric energy for waste heat harvesting. A three-dimensional numerical model is proposed and validated by preliminary experiment to investigate the effects of structural and operating parameters on the performance of CPV-iTEC during energy, exergy and economic analyses. Results show that the optimal structural parameters of ionic thermocell are the 2 mm channel height and 1 mm width, showing a 7.18% higher energy efficiency than that of CPV-TEG at 10 concentration ratios. The presence of ionic thermocell can significantly decrease the photovoltaic panel temperature from 351.30 K to 325.14 K, and thus broaden the available concentration ratio from 1– 21 to 1– 39 compared with CPV-TEG, reaching a higher output power of 16.61 W. During the optimization of advanced redox electrolytes/electrodes, the energy efficiency can reach 49.63% at 21 concentration ratios, which is 5.06% higher than that of CPV-TEG, and show a 22.65% lower overall cost. The application of ionic thermocell in the full-spectrum solar cascade utilization of concentrated photovoltaic system is proved to be feasible with significant advantages of low cost, high performance, and flexible operation. • A novel concentrated photovoltaic and ionic thermocells hybrid system is proposed. • The feasibility of CPV-iTEC is evaluated during energy, exergy and economic analyses. • The presence of iTECs reduce PV temperature and elevate available concentration ratio. • Energy efficiency of CPV-iTEC can be further improved to 49.63% during optimization. • The economic performance of CPV-iTEC is significantly superior to CPV-TEG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a case report of a 32-year-old woman with T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) who had the rare genetic aberration MN1:ETV6. The patient initially had a poor response to standard chemotherapy but was found to be significantly sensitive to the BCL-2 inhibitor venetoclax (VEN). The article highlights the molecular features and sensitivity to VEN of MN1:ETV6-positive T-ALL and suggests that targeted therapies like VEN can be beneficial for patients with this genetic abnormality. The study was funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) genes belong to the alpha/beta hydrolase superfamily, catalyze the terminal step of triglyceride (TAG) hydrolysis, converting monoacylglycerol (MAG) into free fatty acids and glycerol. Results: In this study, 30 MAGL genes in upland cotton have been identified, which have been classified into eight subgroups. The duplication of GhMAGL genes in upland cotton was predominantly influenced by segmental duplication events, as revealed through synteny analysis. Furthermore, all GhMAGL genes were found to contain light-responsive elements. Through comprehensive association and haplotype analyses using resequencing data from 355 cotton accessions, GhMAGL3 and GhMAGL6 were detected as key genes related to lipid hydrolysis processes, suggesting a negative regulatory effect. Conclusions: In summary, MAGL has never been studied in upland cotton previously. This study provides the genetic mechanism foundation for the discover of new genes involved in lipid metabolism to improve cottonseed oil content, which will provide a strategic avenue for marker-assisted breeding aimed at incorporating desirable traits into cultivated cotton varieties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusions Salivary glands are frequently damaged in patients undergoing radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Whether PANoptosis, which is characterized by pyroptosis, apoptosis, and necroptosis, occurs during radiation injury to the salivary glands and its role remain unclear.Radiation‐induced injury models of mouse submandibular gland, as well as primary acinar cells and HSG cell lines were established to determine the presence of radiation‐induced PANoptosis. Several programmed cell death inhibitors, PFTα, disulfiram, Nec‐1 and zVAD, were used to compare the effects of different cell death pathway on radiation injury. The LEGENDplex™ Human Inflammation Panel was used to characterize the inflammatory landscape secreted by salivary gland cells after radiotherapy.Single 15Gy or 8Gy radiotherapy triggered PANoptosis in mouse submandibular gland or salivary gland cells. Compared to the suppression of pyroptosis, apoptosis, or necroptosis alone, the inhibition of PANoptosis is more effective in preventing radiation injury to the salivary glands (p < 0.0001). The levels of multiple inflammatory cytokines were significantly up‐regulated in the supernatants of HSG cells within 48 h after IR. Neutralizing inflammatory cytokines are capable of inhibiting salivary glands PANoptosis.Inhibition of PANoptosis induced by inflammatory cytokines can effectively prevent radiation injury of salivary glands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This letter, published in the Annals of Hematology, reports on a case of a patient with myeloid/lymphoid neoplasm with eosinophilia (MLN-eo) who presented with an osteolytic lesion. The patient experienced progressive osteodynia and was found to have multiple punched-out osteolytic lesions. The patient underwent chemotherapy and achieved bone marrow complete remission, but unfortunately, the osteolytic lesion persisted and the patient eventually died. The study also conducted RNA sequencing and found that osteoclast-related pathways were enriched in the patient's transcriptional profiles. This case highlights the rare occurrence of osteolytic lesions in MLN-eo patients and suggests a potential role of FIP1L1-PDGFRA rearrangement and RUNX1 mutation in causing the osteolytic lesion. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Plant organelle genomes are a valuable resource for evolutionary biology research, yet their genome architectures, evolutionary patterns and environmental adaptations are poorly understood in many lineages. Rhodiola species is a type of flora mainly distributed in highland habitats, with high medicinal value. Here, we assembled the organelle genomes of three Rhodiola species (R. wallichiana, R. crenulata and R. sacra) collected from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau (QTP), and compared their genome structure, gene content, structural rearrangements, sequence transfer and sequence evolution rates. Results: The results demonstrated the contrasting evolutionary pattern between plastomes and mitogenomes in three Rhodiola species, with the former possessing more conserved genome structure but faster evolutionary rates of sequence, while the latter exhibiting structural diversity but slower rates of sequence evolution. Some lineage-specific features were observed in Rhodiola mitogenomes, including chromosome fission, gene loss and structural rearrangement. Repeat element analysis shows that the repeats occurring between the two chromosomes may mediate the formation of multichromosomal structure in the mitogenomes of Rhodiola, and this multichromosomal structure may have recently formed. The identification of homologous sequences between plastomes and mitogenomes reveals several unidirectional protein-coding gene transfer events from chloroplasts to mitochondria. Moreover, we found that their organelle genomes contained multiple fragments of nuclear transposable elements (TEs) and exhibited different preferences for TEs insertion type. Genome-wide scans of positive selection identified one gene matR from the mitogenome. Since the matR is crucial for plant growth and development, as well as for respiration and stress responses, our findings suggest that matR may participate in the adaptive response of Rhodiola species to environmental stress of QTP. Conclusion: The study analyzed the organelle genomes of three Rhodiola species and demonstrated the contrasting evolutionary pattern between plastomes and mitogenomes. Signals of positive selection were detected in the matR gene of Rhodiola mitogenomes, suggesting the potential role of this gene in Rhodiola adaptation to QTP. Together, the study is expected to enrich the genomic resources and provide valuable insights into the structural dynamics and sequence divergences of Rhodiola species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For years, the methane (CH 4) explosion accidents initiated by spontaneous coal combustion took hundreds of lives and destroyed billion possessions in the process of mining. This work developed a fully coupled model involving complex interactions between oxygen transport and airflow, coal spontaneous combustion, CH 4 emission and migration. The aim was to analyze the potential danger zone of combined hazard posed by spontaneous coal combustion and CH 4 build-up in mine. Unlike traditional fixed mesh that the working face and gob are fixedness, a moving mesh method was incorporated in the model to perform the dynamic gob as the advancing of working face. The moving mesh is modified by the algorithm of Laplace smoothing to avoid mesh distortion and advance the mesh quality. The dynamic distribution characteristics of the porosity, oxygen and CH 4 concentration in the gob under mining condition were determined using numerical simulations. According to the theory of the compound hazard, the highest degree of compound hazard zone is identified. The results show that the zone representing the highest degree of compound hazard is located mainly in the middle of the strike directions of the working face, as well as a small part of it on the return airway side and closer to the working face. It was analyzed that the variations in location of potential danger zone under different ventilation flux, the advancing rate of the working face and the attenuation coefficient of CH 4 release. Meanwhile, the governance methods for the compound hazard in the gob have been further discussed. This research can provide a guidance on the prediction and control of compound hazard represented by spontaneous coal combustion and methane emission, thus ensuring the safety production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

MitoAMPK was proved to inhibit the Warburg effect, but the specific mechanisms on non-small-cell lung cancer remain unclear. Here, we selected SIRT6 and MZF1 to clarify the mechanism. By western blotting, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, the CCK-8 assay, and immunohistochemistry assays, we found SIRT6 expression was lower in NSCLC tissues and cell lines than normal tissues and cells. Moreover, SIRT6 could inhibit the Warburg effect by regulating glycolysis-related genes of SLC2A2, SLC2A4 and PKM2. Finally, we demonstrated the interaction between SIRT6 and MZF1 using ChIP-qPCR. In conclusion, mitoAMPK inhibits the Warburg effect by regulating the expression of the MZF1-SIRT6 complex., (© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Large amounts of azurophilic granules are considered to be a morphological feature of acute promyelocytic leukaemia (APL). However, a small percentage of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients also have a large number of azurophilic granules. A large cohort of 3210 AML patients in our hospital was screened to identify AML patients who had a large number of azurophilic granules. The clinical parameters of these patients were collected and compared with typical AML patients (control Group 1) and APL patients (control Group 2). The incidence of AML with a large number of azurophilic granules was 1.26%. The fibrinogen and D-dimer levels of patients in the study group were more similar to those of patients in control Group 2, as was the incidence of bleeding events. Additionally, patients in the study group had higher FLT3-ITD and NPM1 mutation rates than patients in control Group 1. Finally, patients in the study group had a higher 30-day mortality rate than those in control Group 2 (24.2% vs. 9.09%) and showed a higher 30-day mortality trend than those in control Group 1. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the prevention of coagulation dysfunction and bleeding events for these patients., (© 2024 British Society for Haematology and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The etiology of idiopathic multicentric Castleman disease (iMCD) is poorly understood, and the identification of targetable disease mediators remains an unmet clinical need. Thus, we firstly employed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to elucidate the landscape of the immune repertoire of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNCs) in iMCD and to identify additional driver cytokines/cells/pathways to address IL-6 blockade-refractory cases. We revealed that the inflammatory cytokine storm observed in iMCD was a significant phenomenon pervasive across all immune cells. B-plasma cell subsets was the main source of IL-6. The IL-6 signaling pathway was significantly activated across a spectrum of immune cells. Systemic upregulation of CXCL13 is mainly driven by peripheral helper T (Tph) and regulatory T (Treg) cells. Notably, a significant positive interaction was observed between CXCL13-expressing T cells and IL-6 signaling-activated B cells. This study provides an immune perspective on PBMNCs in iMCD at the single-cell level, unveiling pathways or targets characterized by atypical inflammatory expression that could potentially serve as promising candidates for therapeutic intervention in iMCD., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)