Search

To investigate potential clinical characteristics associated with discordance between platelet vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein phosphorylation (VASP-P) flow cytometry (FCM) assay and light transmission aggregometry (LTA) in defining high on-clopidogrel platelet reactivity (HPR) after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In this study, platelet responsiveness was measured by the above 2 methods simultaneously on day 1 and on day 6 of STEMI onset in 90 consecutive patients who underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention. The FCM-derived platelet reactivity index and LTA-derived platelet aggregation rate were both significantly reduced after dual antiplatelet therapy on day 6. Multiple variable-adjusted logistic regression analysis revealed that smoking (odds ratio [OR]: 4.507, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.123-18.09, P = .034) and onset-to-admission time (per 1 hour increase, OR: 1.196, 95% CI: 1.023-1.398, P = .025) both were independent predictors for the discordance between the 2 methods. Additionally, improved correlation and concordance was observed in nonsmokers compared with smokers. Our data show that smoking and prolonged onset-to-admission time are associated with discordance between platelet VASP-P and LTA in defining HPR after STEMI, which should be considered when planning personalized antiplatelet therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supersaturated S-doped black silicon (Si) samples are produced by femtosecond laser fabrication in mixed atmosphere of sulfur hexafluoride and oxygen (SF6/O2). The surface morphology with cone-microstructures has been observed in black Si samples fabricated in mixed atmosphere. After thermal annealing, the absorption below bandgap of black Si is obviously reduced. Moreover, the contents of sulfur in black Si samples obtained in mixture are also decreased by the lead in of oxygen. In contrast, an obvious increase of valent state ratio of Si4+ (SiO2) to Si0 (Si) is observed after the implantation of oxygen due to the formation of SiO2 in S-doped Si. Based on the passivation effect of SiO2, we have produced near-infrared black Si photodiode devices and showed photo-response properties of the devices. A notable photo-response of 11 mA/W at −3 V (26.6 mA/W at −5 V) for near-infrared 1.31- \mu \textm detection light is obtained for the photodiode fabricated in mixture, which outweigh the performance of photodiode fabricated in pure SF6 atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

PURPOSE: To explore the diagnosis and treatment of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BONJ) from the view of evidence based medicine. METHODS: For the symptoms of three patients with BONJ, including persisting socket, sore gums, fistula and pyorrhea, the clinical questions were raised, the relative evidences were collected and critically assessed. RRSULTS: Thirty-nine related references were included. The evidences indicated that (1) The precise pathogenesis of BONJ remains unknown. The diagnostic criteria proposed by the American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons is used widely. (2) Non-surgical management is recommended at early stage when there is exposed or necrotic bone without obvious infection symptoms, including antibiotic therapy and pain control, etc. Local debridement is adopted when the infection is uncontrolled or recurrent. Resection of bone beyond the alveolus is performed where there is large segment of necrotic bone or pathological fracture. (3) Diagnostic histopathological characteristics of BONJ have yet to be established. Radiographic images can help diagnosing early and assessing the risk before alveolar surgery. (4) Discontinuation of' BP therapy can not relieve the symptoms but may be good for wound healing after alveolar surgery, which should be done in consultation with the physician and patient. Based on the available evidence, individualized treatment plans were developed. After a invalid conservative treatment, local debridement was performed and proved to be effective during follow-up. CONCLUSION: As a new disease, the exact mechanism of BONJ has not been completely elucidated. There is currently no consensus on the diagnostic criteria and the best way of therapy. The treatment efficacy has been improved by determining an individualized treatment according to evidence-based approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives. The impact of myocardial bridge (MB) on left ventricular (LV) systolic synchrony is insufficiently understood. Design. Thirty-five subjects with isolated mid-left, anterior, descending artery (LAD) MB, preserved LV ejection fraction (LVEF> 50%), and otherwise, normal coronary angiogram were identified from 3607 patients who underwent diagnostic coronary angiography and were evaluated by tissue Doppler imaging and real-time three-dimensional echocardiography (RT3DE). Control subjects consisted of 26 age and sex-matched coronary angiographically "normal" subjects. Results. MB patients were characterized by reduced, early, diastolic strain rate in LAD-supplied apical segments (lateral and anterior), with prevalence of LV systolic dyssynchrony of 25.7% (9/35). MB patients were further classified by the medians of MB stenosis and length. For MB stenosis < 52.5%, Class I: length< 17 mm (n = 7), Class II: lengths ≥17 mm (n = 10); for stenosis ≥ 52.5%, Class III: length<17 mm (n = 10), Class IV: lengths ≥17 mm (n = 8). Binary Logistic regression model revealed that higher MB lesion classification (odds ratio: 4.944, 95%CI 1.174-20.82, P<0.05) and hypertension (odds ratio: 15.32, 95%CI: 1.252-187.6, P<0.05) are statistically associated with LV systolic dyssynchrony, which was independent of LV mass. Conclusions. MB in the mid LAD is associated with myocardial dyssynchrony. Hypertensive individuals and those with more severe bridging (determined by length and stenosis) tend to have an increased incidence of dyssynchrony. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strain-scanning second-harmonic generation technique is proposed for high-sensitivity measurement of weak strain in film surfaces or interfaces. The basic idea is the sequential application of tensile and compressive strains to a strained film sample. From the strain-dependent second-harmonic generation (SHG) intensity, the type of the strain can be easily judged from whether the SHG is enhanced or weakened, and its magnitude can be precisely calibrated by an externally applied strain that is known. Thus, the built-in strain of a SiO2/Si interface could be determined as tensile with a magnitude of 3.07\,\times 10^-4. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

• Atomic mechanism of infrared absorption in amorphous silicon is revealed. • Ab initio molecular dynamics with five different cooling rates are performed. • Bond angle is identified as the main structural descriptor of sub-band absorption. • The revealed glass-forming temperature of 1100 K agrees with experimental value. • Shorter laser pulses should induce more infrared absorptions in amorphous silicon. Black silicon fabricated by ultrafast laser is a promising material for infrared detection. However, the structure–property relationship in laser-fabricated amorphous Si is still unclear. By first-principles calculations, different distorted local structures are revealed depending on cooling rate. By comparing the evolutions of structure and property, the bond angle distribution is identified as a good structural descriptor for sub-band absorptions. Glass formation is not simply a freezing of liquid but involves certain structural transitions that happened between 1350 and 850 K. A glass-forming temperature of 1100 K is further revealed which agrees with experiments. The main thermal-management effect is the duration time of glass-forming process. A shorter-pulse laser leads to more distorted structures and thus more defect states and infrared absorptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photoluminescence (PL) of temperature-dependent of ZnO nanoparticles and nanorods prepared following a sol–gel preparation method is investigated. The size and shape of the nanostructures used are shown to influence the luminescence properties both in the near ultraviolet and visible domain. A strong emission is observed at 528 nm that are associated with the presence of surface defects on the nanoparticles. Similarly, an emission band in visible range about 514 nm is also observed for ZnO nanorods. At the same time an excitonic emission peak shift from 369 nm to 374 nm during increasing of temperature from 10 K to 300 K for ZnO nanoparticles, then for ZnO nanorods the excitonic band shift from 371 nm to 381 nm for same change process of temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of current silicon (Si)-based photonics, photodetectors are required to detect the light in near-infrared region (>1100 nm), at the same time, they should meet the requirements of high sensitivity, thermal stability, and good compatibility with CMOS (Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Transistor) technology process. In order to extend the detection wavelength of Si to near-infrared region, introducing intermediate band (IB) into the bandgap of Si is an effective method, which can be realized by hyper-doping of deep-levels impurities. As nonequilibrium doping technique, ion implantation and pulsed laser annealing can make the concentration of impurities exceed the equilibrium solubility limit in Si by several orders of magnitude. In the past twenty years, the potential of hyper-doped Si as an IB material has aroused new interest in the field of infrared photodetection. In this review, we focus on the infrared absorption and infrared detection of hyper-doped Si by ion implantation and pulsed laser annealing. The infrared absorption mechanism, and influencing factors of infrared absorptance for hyper-doped Si with chalcogens and transition metals have been emphasized. For infrared photodetectors, the latest research on the responsivity and external quantum efficiency of photodetectors based on hyper-doped Si has been reviewed. Finally, some suggestions have been provided to improve the infrared absorption and performance of photodetectors. This work summarizes the latest progress of infrared absorption and infrared photodetectors by ion implantation and pulsed laser annealing, which will broaden the application of Si-based infrared photodetectors in the Si-based photonics integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advanced dental local anesthesia technique of Single Tooth Anesthesia (STA) was widely used in the department of oral surgery in major dental schools in China. This technology had been developed to assist the dentist to provide enhanced pain relief with reduced injection pain and fewer adverse effects, and also help the patient to relax from fear. In our department, STA technology has been used in the clinical teaching, and widely accepted by the dentists, students and patients. This paper discussed the experiences and problems of the application of STA in clinical teaching. Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (8102054). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Black silicon materials were obtained by irradiation with ns laser pulses in different ambient atmospheres. The surface morphology, optical properties, and electrical properties of the black silicon were investigated after the ablation by ns laser pulses. Slab-like structures and boundaries were formed on the surface of black silicon fabricated in sulfur hexafluoride (SF6), argon (Ar), and vacuum. In addition, a micrometer-sized sphere was observed at the tip of the slab-like structure, which was not obvious for the black silicon prepared in oxygen (O2), nitrogen (N2), and air. The infrared absorption of all the black silicon materials was enhanced. For the two samples fabricated in SF6 and Ar, the infrared absorptance was approximately 50% at 1500 nm. A post-thermal annealing process decreased the infrared absorptance of all the black silicon materials except for that prepared in SF6. The sheet resistance of the black silicon was reduced by the ns laser irradiation process, and thermal annealing further decreased the sheet resistance of all the samples except for the one fabricated in SF6. After annealing at 875 K, the sheet carrier density of the black silicon fabricated in an Ar atmosphere and vacuum was approximately 1013 cm−2, which was approximately three orders of magnitude larger than that of the silicon substrate (1010 cm−2). The large difference in carrier density between the black silicon layer and substrate is beneficial for establishing contact junctions and for application in infrared photodetection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted to assess the atmospheric deposition effects on lead (Pb) contamination in wheat by two contrasting treatments: wheat exposed or not to atmospheric deposition. Plants were housed in a shed during wheat greening for the non-exposed treatment. The Pb contents of wheat during different growth stages, of soil and of atmospheric deposits were analysed and combined with Pb stable isotope data to quantify the contribution of atmospheric deposition and soil to Pb in wheat tissue. The Pb content in atmospheric deposits was significantly higher than those in soil and wheat tissue, and the Pb content in wheat tissue exposed to atmospheric deposition was significantly higher than the Pb content in non-exposed tissue (p < 0.05). The 206Pb/207Pb of soil was significantly higher than the 206Pb/207Pb of atmospheric deposits (p < 0.05), and soil and atmospheric deposition were the two sources of Pb in wheat tissue. Atmospheric deposition was the main source of wheat tissue Pb in the exposed treatment, and most of the wheat tissue Pb, except for that in the stem, also came from atmospheric deposition in the maturing stage. The proportion of Pb from atmospheric deposition in roots, stems and leaves evidently decreased after the shed was erected, and the contribution of Pb from atmospheric deposition to wheat tissue was significantly higher in the exposed treatment than in the non-exposed treatment (p < 0.05). This contrast test directly confirmed that atmospheric deposition was the main source of Pb in the wheat tissues. Therefore, taking measures to reduce the absorption of Pb by wheat from atmospheric deposition can effectively ensure food safety. Image 1 • Pb in wheat was source apportioned by contrast experiments based on isotopes. • Exposed wheat contained more atmospherically deposited Pb than non-exposed wheat. • Atmospheric deposition was the main source of Pb in wheat tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the clinical outcomes following extraction of impacted maxillary tooth adjacent to maxillary via submaxillary sinus membrane space approach. Materials and methods: Seventy-two patients were enrolled in our study. The positions of the maxillary impacted tooth were confirmed by cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Cases were randomly divided into two groups: the "submaxillary sinus membrane space approach" was applied in the new method (NM) group, and the conventional "avoid maxillary sinus membrane exposure" strategy was executed in the traditional method (TM) group. The clinical and follow-up data were recorded. Results: The duration of the procedure in the TM group was significantly longer than those in the NM group (P < 0.05). Four teeth were accidentally displaced into the maxillary sinus with MSM perforation. The MSM perforation rate was slightly higher in the TM group than in the NM group, however, without significant difference between the two groups (8/36 vs. 3/36, P = 0.19). The maxillary sinus membrane perforation was associated with the displacement of tooth into the maxillary sinus (OR = 16.2, P = 0.026). The root tip exposure of the adjacent tooth was significantly higher in the TM group than in the NM group (10/36 vs. 1/36, P = 0.006). The incidence of reduced pulp vitality of the adjacent tooth was significantly higher in the TM group (10/36 vs. 1/36, P = 0.006), and it was associated with the exposure of the root tip intraoperatively (OR = 456.5, P < 0.001). The incidence of external root resorption was significantly lower in the NM group, and there was no significant association with the root exposure intraoperatively (OR = 3.7, P = 0.47). Conclusions: Submaxillary sinus membrane space approach is a safe and efficient approach in extraction of impacted maxillary tooth. It is an alternative way for cases which are in close proximity to the maxillary sinus. Clinical relevance: A novel method to extract impacted maxillary tooth adjacent to maxillary sinus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microstructured silicon (Si) materials have been fabricated by femtosecond (fs) laser ablation and have been hyperdoped with gold (Au) impurities. The ablated Si materials showed large and thermostable infrared absorption at 1.1-2.5 μm wavelengths, which was contributed by sub-band absorption and laser-induced defects absorption. The Au-Si alloy was formed after laser irradiation onto the Au-coated Si surface, which was determined by XRD characterization. Using N-type Si substrate, the fabricated Au-doped Si performed lower sheet carrier density due to the self-compensation effect between deep donor and acceptor energy lever of Au in bulk Si material. From Hall measurement, both the p- and n- types of Au-doped Si samples can be obtained by controlling the type of Si substrate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The molybdenum-hyperdoped black silicon materials were fabricated by using femtosecond laser pulses. The energy level of molybdenum in bandgap of silicon was determined by temperature-dependent Hall effect measurements. By introducing intermediate band in the bandgap of silicon, molybdenum-hyperdoped black silicon materials showed thermally stable absorption to photons with energy below the bandgap of silicon (0.5–1.1 eV). We studied current–voltage characteristics of metal-black silicon-metal photodetectors prepared using molybdenum hyperdoped black silicon. The lateral structural photodetectors showed an observable photo-response to the infrared photon. The room-temperature responsivity of 25.1 mA/W at 0.95 eV was obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Pseudolaric acid B (PAB) has been prescribed for its potent immunomodulatory effect. However, the detail of mechanism remains to be demonstrated. The purpose of this study is to further clarify the mechanism of PAB on T-cell mediated immune response in vivo. Main methods Investigations were carried to ascertain the pharmacological effect of PAB in a delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) mouse model of T-cell mediated immune response. Histological assessment was examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. Affymetrix GeneChip® Mouse Genome 430 2.0 arrays were employed to evaluate the expression profile of PAB. Western blot was performed to detect p38MAPK signal cascades, including p38MAPK, ATF-2, MK2, and HSP27. Finally, TNF-α level was analyzed by ELISA, and Jurkat T cells were treated with PAB to determine its role on PPARγ activation using a reporter gene assay. Key findings The results showed that PAB (5, 10, and 20 mg/kg) could lead to a marked improvement for ear swelling and inflammatory infiltrate in DTH mice dose-dependently. According to the associated biological pathways from microarray analysis, PAB resulted in the restoration of abnormal immune-related gene expression linked to MAPK and PPAR signaling pathways. Moreover, PAB inhibited the activation of p38MAPK, ATF-2, MK2, and HSP27 significantly, as well as the production of TNF-α, which was reversed by GW9662, a specific antagonist for PPARγ. In addition, treatment with PAB also increased the transcriptional activity of PPARγ in a dose-dependent manner. Significance These results provide us with novel insights into pharmacological action of PAB as a potential immunomodulator for the treatment of immune-related diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Flexible patterned assembly of silicon (Si) nanoparticles is achieved by femtosecond laser bubble printing. • The deposited Si microwires have a high light trapping ability. • The photodetector based on Si microwires exhibits a responsivity of 231 A/W. With the ever-growing development for nanomaterials, the integration of nanomaterials into electronic devices and sensors requires flexible and efficient selective patterning deposition of the nanomaterials. However, existing patterning techniques of these nanomaterials is limited in practical applications due to the use of templates and tedious preparation process. Here, a facile femtosecond laser bubble printing (FsLBP) technique without mask and tedious preparation process that integrates patterning, assembly, and deposition of nanomaterials is presented. Benefiting from the advantages of this processing technology, arbitrarily patterned assembled silicon (Si) nanoparticles were successfully prepared. In addition, the effect of viscosity and surface tension of the solution in the process of FsLDW on the deposited Si nanoparticles is explored. Owing to the rough and porous structure of the assembled microwires, the microwires have a high-efficiency light trapping ability with an average reflectivity of 2% for visible light and the photodetector based on porous Si microwires exhibits a responsivity of 231 A/W under the irradiation of 365 nm ultraviolet (UV) light. Finally, a device for real-time monitoring of ultraviolet light intensity was obtained, which demonstrate the potential application of the ultrafast laser fabrication method in patterned assembly of nanomaterials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims/objective Atherosclerosis is a progressive disease of large arteries characterized with chronic inflammation and aberrant immune response. Pseudolaric acid B (PB) has been found to exert multiple effects by inhibiting inflammatory response. However, there is no comprehensive assessment of the effects of PB on atherosclerosis using relevant in vivo and in vitro models. Material and methods Male ApoE −/− mice were treated with PB orally with a high fat diet (HFD) to clarify its anti-atherosclerotic activities. RAW264.7 macrophage line, a well-accepted cell model of atherosclerosis, was used to investigate anti-inflammatory effects and molecular mechanisms of PB. Results PB significantly attenuated atherosclerotic lesions by modulating plasma lipid profiles as well as inhibiting inflammatory responses in macrophages of atherosclerotic mice. Meanwhile, PB markedly suppressed the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and regulated cholesterol efflux related genes in oxidative low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-loaded macrophages. The cellular uptake of Dil-labeled ox-LDL was significantly inhibited by PB either. Moreover, the ability of PB to suppress nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and activate peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) was confirmed using luciferase reporter assays. Conversely, the selective PPARγ antagonist GW9662 reversed the influence of PB in macrophages. Conclusion Together, these findings indicate that PB exerts its protective effects on atherosclerosis by inhibiting macrophage-mediated inflammatory response and cellular ox-LDL uptake, and promoting cholesterol efflux by suppressing NF-κB activation PPARγ-dependently. Therefore, PB may be a promising agent for inflammatory and atherosclerotic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Bleomycin (BLM) has been found safe and highly effective in the treatment of the mucoceles by intralesional injection in our previous study. The present research was designed to investigate whether epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) contributes to the therapeutic effects of BLM for mucoceles of the salivary glands. Material and methods The cell proliferation and apoptosis of human submandibular gland cells (HSG cells) were examined by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay and Annexin V binding assay respectively. Epithelial and mesenchymal markers of HSG cells were measured by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot analysis. Acinar differentiation and cell migration assays were performed to evaluate HSG cells function. Results High-dose BLM (≥0.5 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the cell proliferation and induced the cell apoptosis, while the treatment with low-dose BLM (0.05 and 0.1 μg/mL) for 48 h induced EMT in HSG cells. Furthermore, Akt/mTOR pathway, rather than MAPK pathway, was activated through treated with 0.05 and 0.1 μg/mL BLM, as well as activation of the transcription factor Slug and Zeb 1. The migration of HSG cells was also enhanced through 0.05 and 0.1 μg/mL BLM, but the ability of acinar differentiation was diminished. Conclusion Our results indicated that an EMT process was involved in the BLM-induced therapeutic effects on the HSG cells through the Akt/mTOR pathway. Importantly, the results indicated the potential role of this process in the BLM sclerotherapy of mucoceles of the salivary glands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Macrophage infiltration has been implicated in infantile hemangioma (IH), the most common tumor of infancy. However, the exact role of macrophages in IH remains unknown. This study aims to clarify the functional significance of macrophages in the progression of IH. The distribution of macrophages in human IH was analyzed, and our results revealed that polarized macrophages were more prevalent in proliferating IHs than in involuting IHs, which was consistent with the increased macrophage-related cytokines in proliferating IHs. In vitro results further demonstrated that polarized macrophages effectively promoted the proliferation of hemangioma stem cells (HemSCs) and suppressed their adipogenesis in an Akt- and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (Erk1/2)-dependent manner. Moreover, M2- but not M1-polarized macrophages promoted the endothelial differentiation of HemSCs. Furthermore, mixing macrophages in a murine hemangioma model elevated microvessel density and postponed fat tissue formation, which was concomitant with the activation of Akt and Erk1/2 signals. Cluster analysis revealed a close correlation among the macrophage markers, Ki67, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), p-Akt, and p-Erk1/2 in human IH tissues. Collectively, our results suggest that macrophages in IH contribute to tumor progression by promoting the proliferation and endothelial differentiation while suppressing the adipogenesis of HemSCs. These findings indicate that targeting the infiltrating macrophages in IH is a promising therapeutic approach to accelerate IH regression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are many kinds of potentially undesirable teeth. At present, surgical extraction is the most efficient way to eliminate these teeth, but it's very complex and invasive. In this study, we investigated the effects of bleomycin (BLM) on dental follicle and tooth eruption as a potential conservative therapy for undesirable teeth. Our data showed that local injection of 0.2 U/kg BLM had no significant effects on tooth eruption compared to the control group in Wistar rats. With higher dose of BLM (0.5 or 2 U/kg), the eruption of treated teeth was interrupted and their root formation failed until 4 weeks postnatal without significant systemic toxicity. Additionally, those effects were not depending on the toxicity of overdose evidenced by TUNEL assay. In summary, injecting BLM into dental follicle at an early stage could interrupt tooth development and eruption, and may prevent the potentially clinical problems resulting from undesirable teeth instead of surgical removal. Image, graphical abstract [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Matured compost inoculation influenced sewage sludge composting properties. • Heating and volatile solid degradation rates in the thermophilic phase were reduced. • Matured compost increased enzyme contents during the mesophilic phase. • Bacterial diversity increased in the mesophilic phase with matured compost. • Matured compost affected correlations of microorganisms and enzyme activities. The influence of matured compost inoculation during sewage sludge with sawdust composting was assessed. Mature compost reduced the heating rate, thermophilic phase, peak temperature, and volatile solid degradation rate, with no significant effect on pH and germination index. Matured compost addition also increased the cellulase, peroxidase, arylsulfatase, and urease contents during the mesophilic phase, and increased the urease content but decreased the cellulase, peroxidase, protease, and arylsulfatase contents during the cooling phase, with no significant effect on enzyme activities at the thermophilic phase. Matured compost increased the diversity of bacteria during the mesophilic and thermophilic phases, but reduced the fungal diversity throughout composting. Matured compost significantly improved uniformity of the bacterial community and affected the structure of the bacterial and fungal communities, while changing the correlation between some functional microorganisms and enzyme activities. These results provide guidance for optimizing the composting process when matured compost as bulking agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The introduction of intermediate bands by hyperdoping is an efficient way to realize infrared light absorption of silicon. In this Letter, inert element (helium and argon for specific)-doped black silicon is obtained by helium ion-implantation followed by femtosecond pulse laser irradiation in an argon atmosphere based on near-intrinsic silicon substrates. Within the 200 nm of the silicon surface, the concentrations of helium and argon are both above the order of 10 19  cm -3 . The defect states related to impurities and structural defects contribute to the absorption in sub-bandgap (1100-2500 nm). Vertically structured devices based on the inert element-doped black silicon exhibit the responsivity of 350 mA/W for 1550 nm and 165 mA/W for 1310 nm at 12 V operating bias, respectively, proving its potential application in infrared detection.

Required for meiotic nuclear division 5 homolog A (RMND5A), a novel ubiquitin E3 Ligase, has been reported to correlate with poor prognosis of several cancers. However, its role in endothelial cells has not been reported. In this study, overexpression of RMND5A in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) was performed via lentiviral infection, followed by MTT, would healing and tube formation assay as well as signaling analysis. Moreover, crosstalk between HUVECs and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells was investigated by indirect co-culture with condition medium or tumor cell derived exosomes. Our results showed that overexpression of RMND5A reduced the proliferation, migration and tube formation ability of HUVECs by inhibiting the activation of ERK and NF-κB pathway. Interestingly, OSCC cells can inhibit RMND5A expression of endothelial cells via exosomal miR-21. In summary, our present study unveils that OSCC cells can activate endothelial cells via exosomal miR-21/RMND5A pathway to promote angiogenesis, which may provide novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of OSCC., (© 2024. The Author(s).)