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102. Phase transformations in multiferroic Bi1-xLaxFe1-yTiyO3 ceramics probed by temperature dependent Raman scattering.

Author

Xu, L. P., Zhang, L. L., Zhang, X. L., Zhang, J. Z., Hu, Z. G., Yu, J., and Chu, J. H.

Subjects
*PHASE transitions, *MULTIFERROIC materials, *CERAMICS, *RAMAN scattering, *COUPLING reactions (Chemistry)
Abstract

Optical phonons and phase transitions of Bi1-xLaxFe1-yTiyO3 (BLFTO, 0.02 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.12, 0.01 ⩽ y ⩽ 0.08) ceramics have been investigated by Raman scattering in the temperature range from 80 to 680 K. Four phase transitions around 140, 205, 570, and 640K can be observed. The Raman modes are sensitive to the spin reorientation around 140 and 205 K, owing to the strong magnon-phonon coupling. The transformation around 570K is a structural transition from rhombohedral to orthorhombic phase due to an external pressure induced by the chemical substitution. The anomalies of the phonon frequencies near Néel temperature TN have been discussed in the light of the multiferroicity. Moreover, it was found that the structural transition temperature and TN of BLFTO ceramics decrease towards room temperature with increasing doping composition as a result of size mismatch between substitution and host cations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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103. Surface effects on the scattering of compressional waves by a piezoelectric nano-cylinder.

Author

Zhang, L. L., Liu, J. X., Fang, X. Q., and Nie, G. Q.

Subjects
*PIEZOELECTRIC materials, *SURFACE electromagnetic waves, *ELECTRIC wave scattering, *ELECTRIC fields, *BOUNDARY value problems
Abstract

Based on the surface piezoelectricity model, surface effects on the scattering behaviors of plane compressional waves by an embedded piezoelectric cylinder with nanoscale radius are investigated. The existence of surface stresses and surface electric displacements exerting on the boundary conditions is taken into account through generalized Young-Laplace equations, and the potential function method is employed to derive the analytical expressions of wave fields and electric potential. For two typical incident frequencies, the influence of surface properties on the distribution of electroelastic fields around the cylinder is discussed in detail. In comparison with the results obtained from the classical continuum theories, it is found that the surface effects play a prominent role on the dynamic stress and electric field concentrations, especially under a high-frequency excitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2014
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104. Interband electronic transitions and phase transformation of multiferroic Bi1-xLaxFe1-yTiyO3 ceramics revealed by temperature-dependent spectroscopic ellipsometry.

Author

Xu, L. P., Zhang, L. L., Jiang, P. P., Yu, J., Duan, Z. H., Hu, Z. G., Zhu, Z. Q., and Chu, J. H.

Subjects
*ELLIPSOMETRY, *CERAMICS, *BISMUTH compounds, *TEMPERATURE, *DIELECTRICS research
Abstract

Optical properties and phase transition of Bi1-xLaxFe1-yTiyO3 (BLFTO) ceramics with different composition (0.02 ≤ x ≤ 0.10, 0.01 ≤ y ≤ 0.06) have been investigated by spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) in the temperature range of -70-450 °C. The real part of the complex dielectric function [variant_greek_epsilon]1 increases with the temperature. Meanwhile, the imaginary part [variant_greek_epsilon]2 in the low-energy region decreases with the temperature and has an opposite trend in the high-energy side. Four typical interband transitions (Ea ∼ 2.50 eV, Eb ∼ 2.70 eV, Ec ∼ 3.60 eV, and Ed ∼ 4.25 eV) can be observed from the second derivative of the complex dielectric functions with aid of the standard critical point model. The critical point (CP) transition becomes broadening and shifts to a lower energy side as La and Ti compositions increase. Moreover, the CP transition energies show a red-shift trend with increasing the temperature until 320 °C, due to the lattice thermal expansion and electron-phonon interaction. The typical interband transitions and partial spectral weight present anomalies in the proximity of antiferromagnetic transition owing to the coupling between magnetic and ferroelectric order parameters and spin-lattice coupling for BLFTO multiferroic materials. It was found that the Néel temperature of BLFTO ceramics decreases from 364 to 349 °C with increasing doping composition of La and Ti elements. These phenomena can be attributed to the modification of electronic structure and magnetic order because the differences of electronegativity and ionic radii between Bi and La, Fe and Ti induce the variations on the bond angle and bond length between cations and anions. Moreover, the substitution for magnetic Fe3+ ions with nonmagnetic Ti4+ ions can reduce the exchange interaction between adjacent magnetic moments. Therefore, SE technique can be sensitive for detecting the phase/structural transitions of multiferroic oxides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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105. CircRNA-PTPRA promoted the progression of atherosclerosis through sponging with miR-636 and upregulating the transcription factor SP1.

Author

ZHANG, L.-L.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Atherosclerosis (AS) is the leading cause of death for humans worldwide, and some circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been demonstrated to play important roles in its progression. In this study, we mainly investigated the functions and molecular mechanisms of circRNA-PTPRA (circPTPRA) in AS. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The expressions of circPTPRA and miR-636 were detected in serum samples of AS patients (n=30) and healthy controls (n=30) by RT-PCR. Then levels of circPTPRA were detected after ox-LDL treatment into vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMCs), macrophage and endothelial cells. LV-sh circPTPRAs were constructed and infected into VSMCs. CCK-8 assay was performed to measure cell proliferation abilities, flow cytometry (FACS) was performed to measure cell-cycle distribution and TUNEL staining was performed to detect cell apoptosis. Western blot (WB) was performed to detect protein levels of SP1, Cyclin D1, Cyclin E, Bax, Bad, Cleaved Caspase3. Luciferase reporter assay was performed to verify the potential binding sites of circPTPRA and miR-636, miR-636 and SP1. RESULTS: RT-PCR showed that circPTPRA was upregulated in serum samples of AS patients, which was increased by ox-LDL in VSMCs. CircPTPRA inhibition repressed cell proliferation, improved cell-cycle distribution in G0/G1 phase and promoted cell apoptosis. MiR-636, a potential target for circPTPRA, was reduced in serum samples of AS patients and Luciferase reporter assay confirmed that circPTPRA could directly sponge with miR-636 in VSMCs. Furthermore, miR-636 inhibition promoted proliferation and repressed apoptosis of VSMCs, while miR-636 overexpression reversed these results. SP1, a transcription factor that played some roles in the progression of AS, was predicted to be a target of miR-636. MiR-636 inhibition increased SP1 while miR-636 overexpression repressed SP1 expression, Luciferase reporter assay proved that miR-636 could target at SP1 in VSMCs. Moreover, the repressed cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis abilities in LV-sh SP1 were reversed following with miR-636 inhibitor transfection. In addition, the repressed cell proliferation and promoted cell apoptosis abilities in VSMCs with LV-sh circPTPRAs were reversed following with miR-636 inhibitor transfection, which suggested that circPTPRA regulated cell proliferation and apoptosis through miR-636/SP1 axis in AS. CONCLUSIONS: According to the results, we found that circPTPRA was upregulated in serum samples of AS patients, which promoted cell proliferation and inhibited cell apoptosis through repressing miR-636 and upregulating SP1 signaling axis. Our results uncovered a potential role of circPTPRA, which might be a marker and therapeutic target for AS patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020

106. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of the EC-T (epirubicin/cyclophosphamide followed by docetaxel) and TCb (docetaxel/carboplatin) neoadjuvant regimens in early TOP2A-normal stage II-III breast cancer.

Author

LI, W. P., ZHU, T., HU, M. X., YANG, M., JI, F., GAO, H. F., YANG, C. Q., ZHANG, L. L., CHENG, M. Y., XU, F. P., and WANG, K.

Subjects
BREAST cancer, EPIRUBICIN, DOCETAXEL, NEOADJUVANT chemotherapy, VOMITING, THROMBOCYTOPENIA
Abstract

This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of the EC-T (4 cycles of epirubicin 90 mg/m2 + cyclophosphamide 600 mg/m2, followed by 4 cycles of docetaxel 75 mg/m2) and TCb (6 cycles of docetaxel 75 mg/m2, intravenous drip (ID), day 1 + carboplatin AUC 6, ID, day 1) neoadjuvant regimens in patients with TOP2A-normal stage II-III breast cancer. This study analyzed 280 patients enrolled from three studies registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03140553, NCT03154749, NCT03507465) with early TOP2A-normal stage II-III breast cancer who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy, including 100 patients who received the EC-T regimen and 180 patients who received the TCb regimen. The primary endpoint was the ratio of RCB 0/1 (residual cancer burden 0/1) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The secondary endpoint was the safety of the two groups. There was no significant difference in the ratio of RCB 0/1 between the two groups (23% vs. 23.9%, p=0.614). Among the triple-negative breast cancer patients, the efficacy did not differ between the two groups (40% vs. 32%, p=0.52). Among the lymph node metastasis patients, the efficacy of the EC-T group was significantly better than that of the TCb group (14% vs. 2.6%, p=0.03). Regarding the side effects, the incidence of grade 3/4 anemia was higher in the EC-T group than in the TCb group (21.0% vs. 8.33%, p=0.002), while the incidence of grade 3/4 neutropenia was higher in the EC-T group than in the TCb group (17% vs. 14.44%, p=0.570), and the incidence of grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia was low in each group (EC-T group: 6% and TCb group: 7.22%, p=0.697). In the EC-T group, grade 3/4 nausea and vomiting occurred in 5 patients. The EC-T group showed a higher rate of grade 3/4 myalgia than the TCb group (7% and 4.44%, respectively, p=0.363). To conclude, the TCb regimen can be used as an alternative regimen for TOP2A-normal stage II-III breast cancer patients in neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, in patients with node-positive tumors, EC-T is still recommended. Though no difference of grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia in two groups, grade 4 thrombocytopenia caused by the carboplatincontaining regimen should be taken seriously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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117. Importance of incomplete lineage sorting and introgression in the origin of shared genetic variation between two closely related pines with overlapping distributions

Author

Zhou, Y. (Yongfeng), Duvaux, L. (L), Ren, G. (G), Zhang, L. (L), Savolainen, O. (Outi), Liu, J. (J), Zhou, Y. (Yongfeng), Duvaux, L. (L), Ren, G. (G), Zhang, L. (L), Savolainen, O. (Outi), and Liu, J. (J)

Abstract

Genetic variation shared between closely related species may be due to retention of ancestral polymorphisms because of incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) and/or introgression following secondary contact. It is challenging to distinguish ILS and introgression because they generate similar patterns of shared genetic diversity, but this is nonetheless essential for inferring accurately the history of species with overlapping distributions. To address this issue, we sequenced 33 independent intron loci across the genome of two closely related pine species (Pinus massoniana Lamb. and Pinus hwangshanensis Hisa) from Southeast China. Population structure analyses revealed that the species showed slightly more admixture in parapatric populations than in allopatric populations. Levels of interspecific differentiation were lower in parapatry than in allopatry. Approximate Bayesian computation suggested that the most likely speciation scenario explaining this pattern was a long period of isolation followed by a secondary contact. Ecological niche modeling suggested that a gradual range expansion of P. hwangshanensis during the Pleistocene climatic oscillations could have been the cause of the overlap. Our study therefore suggests that secondary introgression, rather than ILS, explains most of the shared nuclear genomic variation between these two species and demonstrates the complementarity of population genetics and ecological niche modeling in understanding gene flow history. Finally, we discuss the importance of contrasting results from markers with different dynamics of migration, namely nuclear, chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA.

Published
2017

132. Effects of bamboo leaf extract on growth performance, meat quality, and meat oxidative stability in broiler chickens.

Author

Shen, M M, Zhang, L L, Chen, Y N, Zhang, Y Y, Han, H L, Niu, Y, He, J T, Zhang, Y L, Cheng, Y F, and Wang, T

Subjects
*POULTRY growth, *MEAT quality, *BROILER chickens, *OXIDANT status, *GLUTATHIONE peroxidase, *BAMBOO, LEAF growth
Abstract

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary bamboo leaf extract (BLE) on growth performance, meat quality, oxidative stability, and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) related gene expression of breast meat in broilers. A total of 576 one-day-old male Arbor Acres broilers were divided into 6 groups. The control group (CTR) was fed basal diet, while BLE1, BLE2, BLE3, BLE4, and BLE5 were fed basal diet supplemented with 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, and 5.0 g BLE per kg feed, respectively. Compared with the CTR group, BLE2 and BLE5 increased average daily feed intake from 1 to 21 D and 22 to 42 D (P < 0.05), BLE1 and BLE2 improved average daily gain (ADG) and feed to gain ratio from 22 to 42 D (P < 0.05). Throughout the trial period, the highest body weight and favorable ADG and feed to gain ratio were observed in the BLE2 group. The drip loss at 24 h and pH at 45 min postmortem of breast meat were linearly improved by BLE supplementation (P < 0.05). Shear force was significantly lower in BLE2 and BLE3 than that in CTR group. Increasing supplementation of BLE linearly improved free radical scavenging capacity and decreased malondialdehyde content of breast meat during 12 D of storage (P < 0.05). Total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase activity were linearly increased by BLE supplementation (P < 0.05). Compared with the CTR group, the mRNA expression of Nrf2 and glutathione peroxidase in BLE3, BLE4, and BLE5 groups was significantly promoted, and glutathione S-transferase gene expression was increased in BLE2, BLE4, and BLE5 (P < 0.05). The highest (P < 0.05) heme oxygennase-1 gene expression was observed in BLE5. In conclusion, broiler supplemented with BLE improved growth performance and meat quality, BLE supplementation might activate Nrf2 pathway to alleviate lipid oxidation and increase antioxidant capacity of breast meat. The dosage of 2.0 to 3.0 g/kg BLE in broiler diet was recommanded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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133. Influence of miR-199a on rats with non-small cell lung cancer via regulating the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway.

Author

WANG, L. -M., ZHANG, L. -L., WANG, L. -W., ZHU, L., and MA, X. -X.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) are involved in the occurrence of various cancers, and the hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α (HIF-1α) is the main regulator of cell proliferation induced by hypoxia. The relationships of miR-199a and HIF-1α expressions with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remain unclear, so they were explored in this work. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On the basis of establishing the rat model of NSCLC, the messenger RNA (mRNA) expressions of miR-199a, HIF-1α and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were analyzed in NSCLC rats, and the correlations of miR-199a with the mRNAs of HIF- 1α and VEGF and cancer staging were investigated. To further study the role of miR-199a in NSCLC cell proliferation via the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway, NSCLC cells were treated with the signaling pathway inhibitor and transfected with miR-199a mimics, respectively. Also, the roles of the inhibitor PX-478 and miR-199a mimics in the expressions of miR-199a, HIF-1α, and VEGF proteins, as well as their influences on cell proliferation ability were detected. RESULTS: In NSCLC rats, the expression of miR-199a was substantially decreased (p<0.01), but the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF were notably raised (p<0.01). MiR-199a was negatively correlated with the expression of VEGF. As cancer developed, the expression of miR-199a was gradually lowered, but the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF were gradually increased. Both HIF- 1α/VEGF signaling pathway inhibitor PX-478 and miR-199a mimics significantly reduced the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF proteins (p<0.01) and suppressed the cell proliferation activity. CONCLUSIONS: MiR-199a prevents the proliferation of NSCLC cells via the targeted down-regulation of the HIF-1α/VEGF signaling pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

134. SNHG16 promotes the progression of osteoarthritis through activating microRNA-93-5p/CCND1 axis.

Author

CHENG, W., HAO, C.-Y., ZHAO, S., ZHANG, L.-L., and LIU, D.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate whether SNHG16 (small nucleolar RNA host gene 16) can promote the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) by regulating the microRNA-93-5p/Cyclin D1 (CCND1) axis, thereby finding new therapeutic targets for the treatment of OA. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 23 OA patients and 23 patients undergoing lower extremity amputation were enrolled in this study. We collected their cartilage tissues from knee joint for isolating chondrocytes. The relative levels of SNHG16, CCND1 and microRNA-93-5p in cartilage tissues of OA patients and controls were determined by quantitative Real Time-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). The regulatory effect of SNHG16 on proliferative potential of chondrocytes was evaluated by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assay, respectively. Cell cycle progression was examined using flow cytometry. Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay was conducted to verify the binding between SNHG16 with microRNA-93-5p and microRNA-93-5p with CCND1. Rescue experiments were performed to elucidate whether SNHG16 regulated CCND1 expression by targeting microRNA-93-5p. RESULTS: The expressions of SNHG16 and CCND1 upregulated, while microRNA-93-5p downregulated in cartilage tissues of OA patients relative to controls. Correlation regression analyses showed a negative expression correlation between SNHG16 and microRNA-93-5p, as well as CCND1 and microRNA-93-5p in OA patients. On the contrary, SNHG16 expression was positively correlated to CCND1 expression in OA. The knockdown of SNHG16 suppressed viability, cloning ability and cell cycle progression, but induced apoptosis in chondrocytes. Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay showed that SNHG16 could bind to microRNA-93-5p. SNHG16 knockdown markedly upregulated the expression of microRNA-93-5p. Moreover, the knockdown of microRNA-93-5p reversed the inhibited viability due to SNHG16 knockdown. Transfection of microRNA-93-5p mimics markedly inhibited CCND1 expression. Importantly, CCND1 overexpression reversed the inhibitory effect of SNHG16 knockdown on chondrocyte viability. CONCLUSIONS: SNHG16 promotes the development of OA by regulating microRNA-93-5p/CCND1 axis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

136. Effect of fermented Ginkgo biloba leaves on nutrient utilisation, intestinal digestive function and antioxidant capacity in broilers.

Author

Niu, Y., Zhang, J. F., Wan, X. L., Huang, Q., He, J. T., Zhang, X. H., Zhao, L. G., Zhang, L. L., and Wang, T.

Subjects
GINKGO, ANTIOXIDANT analysis, MALONDIALDEHYDE, DUODENUM, TRYPSIN
Abstract

1. A total of 648 one-day-old broiler chicks were randomly allocated into six equal groups to investigate the effect of diet supplemented with fermented Ginkgo biloba leaves (FGBL) at different levels on nutrient utilisation, intestinal digestive function and antioxidant activity. 2. Broilers in the six groups were offered basal diet supplemented with either 0, 1.5, 2.5, 3.5, 4.5 and 5.5 g/kg FGBL during the 42-d experiment, respectively. 3. Birds fed with 3.5 g/kg FGBL diet exhibited increased (P < 0.05) body weight gain, feed intake, apparent total tract retention (ATTR) of ether extract (EE) and relative weight of duodenum. Diets supplemented with FGBL increased (P < 0.05) antioxidant and digestive enzyme activities, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations at different degrees in pancreas and small intestine. The expression of antioxidant related genes was up-regulated (P < 0.05) by the transcription factor Nrf2 in small intestine, especially with supplementation of 3.5 and 4.5 g/kg FGBL in the diet. However, 5.5 g/kg diet significantly decreased (P < 0.05) feed conversion ratio and catalase activity (CAT) in the duodenum. 4. Body weight, relative weight of duodenum, amylase and trypsin activities in ileum, total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and CAT in duodenum, and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) in ileum increased linearly and quadratically with FGBL content. Activities of amylase in pancreas, trypsin in jejunum, lipase in ileum, and GSH-PX in duodenum and jejunum increased linearly with FGBL content. Body weight gain, ATTR of EE, activities of trypsin in pancreas and amylase in jejunum, total superoxide dismutase activity in duodenum, T-AOC level and concentrations of MDA in the jejunum and ileum showed a quadratic (P < 0.05) dose response as supplemental FGBL level increased. 5. In conclusion, the addition of FGBL had the potential to improve nutrient utilisation, intestinal digestive function and antioxidant activity of broilers. The optimal dietary supplementation dose for broiler production seemed to be 3.5 to 4.5 g/kg. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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137. Effects of dietary Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on mucosal immunity, cecal volatile fatty acids and microbial diversity in broiler chickens.

Author

Cao, G. T., Zhan, X. A., Zhang, L. L., Zeng, X. F., Chen, A. G., and Yang, C. M.

Subjects
BROILER chickens, BACILLUS amyloliquefaciens, MUCOSAL diseases in cattle, FATTY acid analysis, MICROBIAL diversity
Abstract

This trial was conducted to investigate the adhesion of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens to Caco-2 cells, the effects of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the mucosal immunity, cecal volatile fatty acids and microbial diversity in broiler chickens. Three hundred and sixty 1-d-old Ross 308 chicks were randomly divided into 3 dietary treatments groups, which birds fed with basal diet, basal diet supplemented with colistine sulfate, and basal diet supplemented with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens. Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was used to analyze the change of cecal microflora, and Gas Chromatography was used to analyze the cecal volatile fatty acids. Data showed that: 1) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens had a good adhesion ability to epithelial cells; 2) the supplementation of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens significantly increased the concentration of ileal mucosal secretory IgA and interleukin 6, decreased (P<0.05) the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α; 3) resulted in the change of cecal microbial community, higher levels of acetic acid, methylacetic and isovaleric acid in the birds. Thus, we considered that Bacillus amyloliquefaciens enhanced the mucosal immunity, increased the cecal concentration of major volatile fatty acids and the diversity microflora community in broilers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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138. An improved analysis of GW150914 using a fully spin-precessing waveform model

Author

Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Flaminio, R., Gupta, A., Murphy, D. J., Murray, P. G., Cavalieri, R., Leroy, N., Mytidis, A., Branchesi, M., Inta, R., Ferrante, I., Day, R., Cowan, E. E., Nardecchia, I., Bell, A. S., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Nedkova, K., Bradaschia, C., Letendre, N., Fletcher, M., Nelemans, G., Fidecaro, F., Cagnoli, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Neri, M., Kim, K., Isa, H. N., Neunzert, A., Cella, G., De Laurentis, M., Newton, G., Camp, J. B., Miao, H., Nguyen, T. T., Barr, B., Nielsen, A. B., Gupta, M. K., Berger, B. K., Fournier, J. -D., Kim, N., Nissanke, S., Isac, J. -M., Nitz, A., Michel, C., Nocera, F., Granata, M., Allen, B., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Del'eglise, S., Cepeda, C. B., Gushwa, K. E., Cuoco, E., Baune, C., Oberling, J., Ochsner, E., Cripe, J., Maros, E., Barsotti, L., Frasca, S., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Bergmann, G., Ogin, G. H., Kijbunchoo, N., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Cahillane, C., Ohme, F., Martelli, F., Gustafson, E. K., Levin, Y., Anderson, S. B., Gonzalez Castro, J. M., Oliver, M., Middleton, H., Cerboni Baiardi, L., Frasconi, F., Oppermann, P., Oram, Richard J., O'Reilly, B., Martellini, L., Kim, W., O'Shaughnessy, R., Barayoga, J. C., Ottaway, D. J., Aggarwal, N., Berry, C. P. L., Gustafson, R., Isi, M., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Del Pozzo, W., Martin, I. W., Pai, A., Coughlin, M. W., Kim, Y. -M., Grunewald, S., Factourovich, M., Pai, S. A., Cerretani, G., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Corsi, A., Martynov, D. V., Aufmuth, P., Pal-Singh, A., Darman, N. S., Pan, H., Pankow, C., Lewis, J. B., Kimbrell, S. J., Bersanetti, D., Denker, T., Frei, Z., Pannarale, F., Altin, P. A., Pant, B. C., Capocasa, E., Paoletti, F., Isogai, T., Cesarini, E., Haas, R., Li, T. G. F., Paoli, A., King, E. J., Papa, M. A., Paris, H. R., Huet, D., Brisson, V., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Arun, K. G., Dent, T., Iyer, B. R., Favata, M., Passaquieti, R., Bertolini, A., Farr, B., Mikhailov, E. E., Carbognani, F., Hacker, J. J., Passuello, D., Patricelli, B., Chan, M., Patrick, Z., Pearlstone, B. L., Pedraza, M., Dasgupta, A., Pedurand, R., Milano, L., Izumi, K., Marx, J. N., Broida, J. E., Holt, K., Pekowsky, L., Dergachev, V., Hall, B. R., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Miller, A. L., Libson, A., Betzwieser, J., Calloni, E., Perri, L. M., Aguiar, O. D., Jacqmin, T., King, P. J., Pfeiffer, H. P., Phelps, M., Freise, A., Miller, A., Piccinni, O. J., Etzel, T., Littenberg, T. B., Gosselin, M., Pichot, M., De Rosa, R., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Engels, W., Miller, B. B., Buy, C., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Bhagwat, S., Mason, K., Lockerbie, N. A., Chao, S., Frey, R., Hall, E. D., Pitkin, M., Affeldt, C., Poe, M., Poggiani, R., Kissel, J. S., DeRosa, R. T., Jang, H., Masserot, A., Popolizio, P., Lombardi, A. L., Post, A., Powell, J., Kim, Chi-Woong, Prasad, J., Predoi, V., Prestegard, T., Buikema, A., Frey, V., Barish, B. C., Greco, G., Price, L. R., Charlton, P., Grant, A., De, S., Baldaccini, F., Bhandare, R., Prijatelj, M., DeSalvo, R., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Ferreira, E. C., Prodi, G. A., Klein, B., Miller, J., Coward, D. M., Kells, W., Prokhorov, L., Fritschel, P., Jani, K., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Massinger, T. J., Chassande-Mottin, E., Dave, I., Purrer, M., Brau, J. E., Kleybolte, L., London, L. T., Bilenko, I. A., Qi, H., Hammond, G., Qin, J., Gopakumar, A., Masso-Reid, M., Bader, M. K. M., Qiu, S., Frolov, V. V., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Gondan, L., Dal Canton, T., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Cheeseboro, B. D., Millhouse, M., Bassiri, R., Devine, R. C., Haney, M., Jaranowski, P., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Billingsley, G., Lord, J. E., Fulda, P., Klimenko, S., Minenkov, Y., Raja, S., Mastrogiovanni, S., Rajan, C., Rakhmanov, M., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Crowder, S. G., Hanke, M. M., Cannon, K. C., Huynh-Dinh, T., Re, V., Dhurandhar, S., Hughey, B., Calder'on Bustillo, J., Chen, H. Y., Read, J., Fyffe, M., Reed, C. M., Regimbau, T., Birch, J., Guidi, G. M., Rei, L., Lorenzini, M., Fafone, V., Lebigot, E. O., Reid, S., Hanks, J., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Reitze, D. H., Rew, H., Reyes, S. D., Ming, J., D'iaz, M. C., Ricci, F., Coughlin, S. B., Barsuglia, M., Matichard, F., Chen, Y., Riles, K., Jawahar, S., Rizzo, M., Holz, D. E., Bavigadda, V., Robertson, N. A., Hanna, C., Robie, R., Birney, R., Robinet, F., Hoak, D., Fays, M., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Anderson, W. G., Caudill, S., Gabbard, H. A. G., Jian, L., Koley, S., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Cheng, C., Matone, L., Hannam, M. D., Loriette, V., Romano, J. D., Mirshekari, S., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rosinska, D., Birnholtz, O., Areeda, J. S., Jim'enez-Forteza, F., Davier, M., Rowan, S., Gaebel, S., Barclay, S. E., Da Silva Costa, C. F., Di Fiore, L., Rudiger, A., Aulbert, C., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Chincarini, A., Sachdev, S., Mavalvala, N., Aston, S. M., Marion, F., Sadecki, T., Johnson, W. W., Lormand, M., Sadeghian, L., Sakellariadou, M., Salconi, L., Gair, J. R., Saleem, M., Evans, M., Caride, S., Mishra, C., Di Giovanni, M., Biscans, S., Kondrashov, V., Salemi, F., Kennedy, R., Samajdar, A., Johnson-McDaniel, N. K., Sammut, L., Chiummo, A., Sanchez, E. J., Kelley, D. B., Green, A. C., Sandberg, V., Sandeen, B., Brooks, A. F., Hanson, J., Kontos, A., Losurdo, G., Sanders, J. R., Sassolas, B., Di Girolamo, T., Mitra, S., Jones, D. I., Mazumder, N., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Bisht, A., Sauter, O. E. S., Savage, R. L., Cho, H. S., Brunett, S., Korobko, M., Fiori, I., Sawadsky, A., Hardwick, T., Ferrini, F., Ascenzi, S., Schale, P., Byer, R. L., Schilling, R., Schmidt, J., Di Lieto, A., Schmidt, P., Mitrofanov, V. P., Buonanno, A., Schnabel, R., Korth, W. Z., McCarthy, R., Schofield, R. M. S., Schonbeck, A., Bitossi, M., Harms, J., Schreiber, E., Gordon, N. A., DeBra, D., Gammaitoni, L., Aiello, L., Lough, J. D., Schuette, D., Lee, C. H., Schutz, B. F., Kowalska, I., Scott, J., Di Pace, S., Scott, S. M., Indik, N., Sellers, D., Sengupta, A. S., Cowart, M. J., Jones, R., Lousto, C. O., McClelland, D. E., Sentenac, D., Sequino, V., Gaonkar, S. G., Barker, D., Mitselmakher, G., Sergeev, A., Biwer, C., Cho, M., Setyawati, Y., Shaddock, D. A., Di Palma, I., Creighton, J. D. E., Lovelace, G., Shaffer, T., Jonker, R. J. G., Guo, X., Bulik, T., Shahriar, M. S., Danilishin, S. L., Shaltev, M., Shapiro, B., Garufi, F., Shawhan, P., Allocca, A., Sheperd, A., Luck, H., Mittleman, R., Shoemaker, D. H., Shoemaker, D. M., Chow, J. H., Ballardin, G., Bizouard, M. A., Hopkins, P., Harry, G. M., Briant, T., McCormick, S., Siellez, K., Marka, S., Siemens, X., Lundgren, A. P., Sieniawska, M., Gaur, G., Sigg, D., Silva, A. D., Singer, A., Fair, H., Kozak, D. B., McGuire, S. C., Moggi, A., Singer, L. P., Singh, A., Harry, I. W., Cao, J., Singh, R., Christensen, N., Di Virgilio, A., Singhal, A., Blackburn, J. K., Gehrels, N., Farinon, S., McIntyre, G., Sintes, A. M., Kringel, V., Cumming, A., Slagmolen, B. J. J., Fehrmann, H., Smith, J. R., Smith, N. D., Hart, M. J., Smith, R. J. E., Brockill, P., Son, E. J., Basti, A., Sorazu, B., Sorrentino, F., Dolique, V., Callister, T., Chu, Q., Key, J. S., Ju, L., Coulon, J. -P., Mohan, M., Souradeep, T., Srivastava, A. K., McIver, J., Blair, C. D., Hartman, M. T., Staley, A., Steinke, M., Steinlechner, J., Gouaty, R., Lynch, R., Mohapatra, S. R. P., Steinlechner, S., Steinmeyer, D., Haris, K, Davies, G. S., Stephens, B. C., Donovan, F., Gemme, G., Stevenson, S. P., Chua, S., Haster, C. -J., Montani, M., Stone, R., Ma, Y., Farr, W. M., Strain, K. A., Astone, P., Straniero, N., Blair, D. G., Kalaghatgi, C. V., Stratta, G., Strauss, N. A., Cavagli`a, M., Strigin, S., Sturani, R., Geng, P., Dattilo, V., Dooley, K. L., Lee, H. K., Krishnan, B., Arceneaux, C. C., Stuver, A. L., Summerscales, T. Z., Bazzan, M., Chung, S., Kalogera, V., Sun, L., Sunil, S., Sutton, P. J., Howell, E. J., McManus, D. J., Swinkels, B. L., Blair, R. M., Krolak, A., Fiorucci, D., Szczepa'nczyk, M. J., Genin, E., Haughian, K., Tacca, M., Arai, K., Kandhasamy, S., Talukder, D., McRae, T., Gras, S., Tanner, D. B., Buskulic, D., Tapai, M., Ciani, G., Krueger, C., Tarabrin, S. P., Taracchini, A., Taylor, R., Theeg, T., Healy, J., Arnaud, N., Gennai, A., Marka, Z., Barta, D., Brown, N. M., Thirugnanasambandam, M. P., Bloemen, S., Doravari, S., Kuehn, G., Thomas, E. G., Thomas, M., Thomas, P., Khan, S., Moore, B. C., Thorne, K. A., Clara, F., Machenschalk, B., Thorne, K. S., Babak, S., Kang, G., Thrane, E., Brown, D. A., Kumar, P., Tiwari, S., Moore, C. J., Husa, S., Tiwari, V., Tokmakov, K. V., Douglas, R., MacInnis, M., Toland, K., Bock, O., Tomlinson, C., Tonelli, M., Kanner, J. B., Buchanan, C. C., Heidmann, A., Casanueva Diaz, J., Craig, K., Tornasi, Z., Clark, J. A., George, J., Macleod, D. M., Torres, C. V., Torrie, C. I., Toyra, D., Lenon, A., Travasso, F., Downes, T. P., McWilliams, S. T., Traylor, G., Cabero, M., Kumar, R., Trifiro, D., Coyne, D. C., Magana-Sandoval, F., Tringali, M. C., Kim, Chunglee, Boer, M., Trozzo, L., Ashton, G., Meacher, D., Tse, M., Cleva, F., Turconi, M., Tuyenbayev, D., Kuo, L., Kapadia, S. J., Debreczeni, G., Fang, Q., Ugolini, D., Drago, M., Heintze, M. C., Meadors, G. D., Unnikrishnan, C. S., Urban, A. L., Usman, S. A., Vahlbruch, H., Gergely, L., Moraru, D., Vajente, G., D'Antonio, S., Magana Zertuche, L., Bogaert, G., Fairhurst, S., Meidam, J., Valdes, G., Ain, A., Vallisneri, M., Bulten, H. J., Moreno, G., van Bakel, N., Drever, R. W. P., van Beuzekom, M., van den Brand, J. F. J., Magee, R. M., Kutynia, A., Graff, P. B., Van Den Broeck, C., Germain, V., Karki, S., Morriss, S. R., Vander-Hyde, D. C., van der Schaaf, L., van der Sluys, M. V., van Heijningen, J. V., Heitmann, H., Bogan, C., Fejer, M. M., Melatos, A., Coccia, E., Grado, A., Mossavi, K., Vano-Vinuales, A., Brillet, A., van Veggel, A. A., Cunningham, L., Vardaro, M., Ghosh, Abhirup, Vass, S., Vasuth, M., Mendell, G., Majorana, E., Huerta, E. A., Vaulin, R., Hello, P., Barone, F., Vecchio, A., Vedovato, G., Veitch, J., Veitch, P. J., Karvinen, K. S., Cohadon, P. -F., Groot, P., Mours, B., Driggers, J. C., Hu, Y. M., Bohe, A., Countryman, S. T., Venkateswara, K., Fauchon-Jones, E., D. Verkindt, D., Hemming, G., Vetrano, F., Vicer'e, A., Mow-Lowry, C. M., Mercer, R. A., Vinciguerra, S., Ballmer, S. W., Capano, C. D., Vine, D. J., Vinet, J. -Y., Vitale, S., Vo, T., Lackey, B. D., Ducrot, M., Baker, P. T., Ghosh, Archisman, Khan, Z., Colla, A., Evans, T. M., Vocca, H., Gray, C., Bond, C., Kasprzack, M., Vorvick, C., Voss, D. V., Mueller, G., Vousden, W. D., Agatsuma, K., Daw, E. J., Vyatchanin, S. P., Wade, A. R., Wade, L. E., Wade, M., Maksimovic, I., Ghosh, S., Hendry, M., Leonardi, M., Dwyer, S. E., Gorodetsky, M. L., Walker, M., Huttner, S. H., Collette, C. G., Landry, M., Wallace, L., Walsh, S., Bondu, F., Braginsky, V. B., Fisher, R. P., Wang, G., Wang, H., Wang, M., Wang, X., Batch, J. C., Heng, I. S., Katsavounidis, E., Giaime, J. A., Hough, J., Wang, Y., Kim, J., Edo, T. B., Malvezzi, V., Ward, R. L., Warner, J., Cominsky, L., Costa, C. A., Was, M., Weaver, B., Wei, L. -W., Bonnand, R., Cavalier, F., Katzman, W., Lange, J., Hennig, J., Khalili, F. Y., Weinert, M., Giardina, K. D., Merilh, E. L., Weinstein, A. J., Weiss, R., Edwards, M. C., Etienne, Z., Wen, L., Wessels, P., Westphal, T., Constancio Jr., M., Lantz, B., Man, N., Kaufer, S., Lee, H. M., Wette, K., Henry, J., Muir, A. W., Whelan, J. T., Whiting, B. F., Giazotto, A., Williams, R. D., Boom, B. A., Williamson, A. R., Araya, M. C., Bartlett, J., Merzougui, M., Lasky, P. D., Markosyan, A. S., Willis, J. L., Kaur, T., Willke, B., Wimmer, M. H., Heptonstall, A. W., Winkler, W., Conte, A., Wipf, C. C., Brown, D. D., Casentini, C., Bejger, M., Mandic, V., Wittel, H., Laxen, M., Woan, G., Woehler, J., Kawabe, K., Worden, J., Effler, A., Bork, R., Coyne, R., Degallaix, J., Meshkov, S., Wright, J. L., Mangano, V., Wu, D. S., Wu, G., Lazzarini, A., Yablon, J., Gill, K., Conti, L., Fan, X., Mukherjee, Arunava, Yam, W., Messenger, C., Yamamoto, H., Yancey, C. C., Mansell, G. L., Yu, H., Bacon, P., Eggenstein, H. -B., Graef, C., Yvert, M., Mukherjee, D., Zadrozny, A., Boschi, V., Messick, C., Zangrando, L., Cadonati, L., Glaefke, A., Huang, S., Zanolin, M., Zendri, J. -P., Cook, D., Mukherjee, S., Zevin, M., Danzmann, K., Heurs, M., Khazanov, E. A., Zhang, L. L., Zhang, M., Ehrens, P., Zhang, Y., Fenyvesi, E., K'ef'elian, F., Leong, J. R., Zhao, C., Zhou, M., Ast, M., Zhou, Z., Grote, H., Lazzaro, C., Bose, S., Zhu, X. J., Agathos, M., Zucker, M. E., Ingram, D. R., Manske, M., Corbitt, T. R., Zuraw, S. E., Brady, P. R., Zweizig, J., Metzdorff, R., Eichholz, J., Bouffanais, Y., Cortese, S., Bozzi, A., Mukund, N., Goetz, E., Ajith, P., Essick, R. C., Cornish, N., Hild, S., Brinkmann, M., Gonz'alez, G., Eikenberry, S. S., Kehl, M. S., Couvares, P., Hofman, D., Goetz, R., Leaci, P., Everett, R., Hinder, I., Mantovani, M., Gossan, S. E., Keitel, D., Meyers, P. M., Houston, E. A., Leavey, S., Mullavey, A., Khan, I., Marchesoni, F., Lee, K., Mezzani, F., Bartos, I., Munch, J., Abbott, B. P., Abbott, R., Abbott, T. D., Abernathy, M. R., Acernese, F., Ackley, K., Adams, C., Adams, T., Addesso, P., Adhikari, R. X., Adya, V. B., Flaminio, R., Gupta, A., Murphy, D. J., Murray, P. G., Cavalieri, R., Leroy, N., Mytidis, A., Branchesi, M., Inta, R., Ferrante, I., Day, R., Cowan, E. E., Nardecchia, I., Bell, A. S., Naticchioni, L., Nayak, R. K., Nedkova, K., Bradaschia, C., Letendre, N., Fletcher, M., Nelemans, G., Fidecaro, F., Cagnoli, G., Nelson, T. J. N., Neri, M., Kim, K., Isa, H. N., Neunzert, A., Cella, G., De Laurentis, M., Newton, G., Camp, J. B., Miao, H., Nguyen, T. T., Barr, B., Nielsen, A. B., Gupta, M. K., Berger, B. K., Fournier, J. -D., Kim, N., Nissanke, S., Isac, J. -M., Nitz, A., Michel, C., Nocera, F., Granata, M., Allen, B., Nolting, D., Normandin, M. E. N., Nuttall, L. K., Del'eglise, S., Cepeda, C. B., Gushwa, K. E., Cuoco, E., Baune, C., Oberling, J., Ochsner, E., Cripe, J., Maros, E., Barsotti, L., Frasca, S., O'Dell, J., Oelker, E., Bergmann, G., Ogin, G. H., Kijbunchoo, N., Oh, J. J., Oh, S. H., Cahillane, C., Ohme, F., Martelli, F., Gustafson, E. K., Levin, Y., Anderson, S. B., Gonzalez Castro, J. M., Oliver, M., Middleton, H., Cerboni Baiardi, L., Frasconi, F., Oppermann, P., Oram, Richard J., O'Reilly, B., Martellini, L., Kim, W., O'Shaughnessy, R., Barayoga, J. C., Ottaway, D. J., Aggarwal, N., Berry, C. P. L., Gustafson, R., Isi, M., Overmier, H., Owen, B. J., Del Pozzo, W., Martin, I. W., Pai, A., Coughlin, M. W., Kim, Y. -M., Grunewald, S., Factourovich, M., Pai, S. A., Cerretani, G., Palamos, J. R., Palashov, O., Palomba, C., Corsi, A., Martynov, D. V., Aufmuth, P., Pal-Singh, A., Darman, N. S., Pan, H., Pankow, C., Lewis, J. B., Kimbrell, S. J., Bersanetti, D., Denker, T., Frei, Z., Pannarale, F., Altin, P. A., Pant, B. C., Capocasa, E., Paoletti, F., Isogai, T., Cesarini, E., Haas, R., Li, T. G. F., Paoli, A., King, E. J., Papa, M. A., Paris, H. R., Huet, D., Brisson, V., Parker, W., Pascucci, D., Pasqualetti, A., Arun, K. G., Dent, T., Iyer, B. R., Favata, M., Passaquieti, R., Bertolini, A., Farr, B., Mikhailov, E. E., Carbognani, F., Hacker, J. J., Passuello, D., Patricelli, B., Chan, M., Patrick, Z., Pearlstone, B. L., Pedraza, M., Dasgupta, A., Pedurand, R., Milano, L., Izumi, K., Marx, J. N., Broida, J. E., Holt, K., Pekowsky, L., Dergachev, V., Hall, B. R., Pele, A., Penn, S., Perreca, A., Miller, A. L., Libson, A., Betzwieser, J., Calloni, E., Perri, L. M., Aguiar, O. D., Jacqmin, T., King, P. J., Pfeiffer, H. P., Phelps, M., Freise, A., Miller, A., Piccinni, O. J., Etzel, T., Littenberg, T. B., Gosselin, M., Pichot, M., De Rosa, R., Piergiovanni, F., Pierro, V., Pillant, G., Engels, W., Miller, B. B., Buy, C., Pinard, L., Pinto, I. M., Bhagwat, S., Mason, K., Lockerbie, N. A., Chao, S., Frey, R., Hall, E. D., Pitkin, M., Affeldt, C., Poe, M., Poggiani, R., Kissel, J. S., DeRosa, R. T., Jang, H., Masserot, A., Popolizio, P., Lombardi, A. L., Post, A., Powell, J., Kim, Chi-Woong, Prasad, J., Predoi, V., Prestegard, T., Buikema, A., Frey, V., Barish, B. C., Greco, G., Price, L. R., Charlton, P., Grant, A., De, S., Baldaccini, F., Bhandare, R., Prijatelj, M., DeSalvo, R., Principe, M., Privitera, S., Prix, R., Ferreira, E. C., Prodi, G. A., Klein, B., Miller, J., Coward, D. M., Kells, W., Prokhorov, L., Fritschel, P., Jani, K., Puncken, O., Punturo, M., Puppo, P., Massinger, T. J., Chassande-Mottin, E., Dave, I., Purrer, M., Brau, J. E., Kleybolte, L., London, L. T., Bilenko, I. A., Qi, H., Hammond, G., Qin, J., Gopakumar, A., Masso-Reid, M., Bader, M. K. M., Qiu, S., Frolov, V. V., Quetschke, V., Quintero, E. A., Quitzow-James, R., Gondan, L., Dal Canton, T., Raab, F. J., Rabeling, D. S., Cheeseboro, B. D., Millhouse, M., Bassiri, R., Devine, R. C., Haney, M., Jaranowski, P., Radkins, H., Raffai, P., Billingsley, G., Lord, J. E., Fulda, P., Klimenko, S., Minenkov, Y., Raja, S., Mastrogiovanni, S., Rajan, C., Rakhmanov, M., Rapagnani, P., Raymond, V., Razzano, M., Crowder, S. G., Hanke, M. M., Cannon, K. C., Huynh-Dinh, T., Re, V., Dhurandhar, S., Hughey, B., Calder'on Bustillo, J., Chen, H. Y., Read, J., Fyffe, M., Reed, C. M., Regimbau, T., Birch, J., Guidi, G. M., Rei, L., Lorenzini, M., Fafone, V., Lebigot, E. O., Reid, S., Hanks, J., Koehlenbeck, S. M., Reitze, D. H., Rew, H., Reyes, S. D., Ming, J., D'iaz, M. C., Ricci, F., Coughlin, S. B., Barsuglia, M., Matichard, F., Chen, Y., Riles, K., Jawahar, S., Rizzo, M., Holz, D. E., Bavigadda, V., Robertson, N. A., Hanna, C., Robie, R., Birney, R., Robinet, F., Hoak, D., Fays, M., Rocchi, A., Rolland, L., Anderson, W. G., Caudill, S., Gabbard, H. A. G., Jian, L., Koley, S., Rollins, J. G., Roma, V. J., Cheng, C., Matone, L., Hannam, M. D., Loriette, V., Romano, J. D., Mirshekari, S., Romano, R., Romanov, G., Romie, J. H., Rosinska, D., Birnholtz, O., Areeda, J. S., Jim'enez-Forteza, F., Davier, M., Rowan, S., Gaebel, S., Barclay, S. E., Da Silva Costa, C. F., Di Fiore, L., Rudiger, A., Aulbert, C., Ruggi, P., Ryan, K., Chincarini, A., Sachdev, S., Mavalvala, N., Aston, S. M., Marion, F., Sadecki, T., Johnson, W. W., Lormand, M., Sadeghian, L., Sakellariadou, M., Salconi, L., Gair, J. R., Saleem, M., Evans, M., Caride, S., Mishra, C., Di Giovanni, M., Biscans, S., Kondrashov, V., Salemi, F., Kennedy, R., Samajdar, A., Johnson-McDaniel, N. K., Sammut, L., Chiummo, A., Sanchez, E. J., Kelley, D. B., Green, A. C., Sandberg, V., Sandeen, B., Brooks, A. F., Hanson, J., Kontos, A., Losurdo, G., Sanders, J. R., Sassolas, B., Di Girolamo, T., Mitra, S., Jones, D. I., Mazumder, N., Sathyaprakash, B. S., Saulson, P. R., Bisht, A., Sauter, O. E. S., Savage, R. L., Cho, H. S., Brunett, S., Korobko, M., Fiori, I., Sawadsky, A., Hardwick, T., Ferrini, F., Ascenzi, S., Schale, P., Byer, R. L., Schilling, R., Schmidt, J., Di Lieto, A., Schmidt, P., Mitrofanov, V. P., Buonanno, A., Schnabel, R., Korth, W. Z., McCarthy, R., Schofield, R. M. 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Abstract

This paper presents updated estimates of source parameters for GW150914, a binary black-hole coalescence event detected by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) on September 14, 2015 [1]. Reference presented parameter estimation [2] of the source using a 13-dimensional, phenomenological precessing-spin model (precessing IMRPhenom) and a 11-dimensional nonprecessing effective-one-body (EOB) model calibrated to numerical-relativity simulations, which forces spin alignment (nonprecessing EOBNR). Here we present new results that include a 15-dimensional precessing-spin waveform model (precessing EOBNR) developed within the EOB formalism. We find good agreement with the parameters estimated previously [2], and we quote updated component masses of $35^{+5}_{-3}\mathrm{M}_\odot$ and $30^{+3}_{-4}\mathrm{M}_\odot$ (where errors correspond to 90% symmetric credible intervals). We also present slightly tighter constraints on the dimensionless spin magnitudes of the two black holes, with a primary spin estimate $0.65$ and a secondary spin estimate $0.75$ at 90% probability. Reference [2] estimated the systematic parameter-extraction errors due to waveform-model uncertainty by combining the posterior probability densities of precessing IMRPhenom and nonprecessing EOBNR. Here we find that the two precessing-spin models are in closer agreement, suggesting that these systematic errors are smaller than previously quoted.

Published
2016

139. Responses of nitrogen metabolism to copper stress in Luffa cylindrica roots

Author

Zhang, L. -L, He, X. -J, Min Chen, An, R. -D, An, X. -L, and Li, J.

Subjects
copper stress, Luffa cylindrica, Nitrogen metabolism, nitrogen-assimilating enzymes
Abstract

Pot experiments were performed to investigate the responses of nitrogen metabolism to copper stress in Luffa cylindrica roots. Four treatments were used, in which varying copper concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 µM ) were added to MS medium. The fresh weights of the roots decreased gradually with the increasing copper concentrations. At the lower concentrations, the ammonium and nitrite levels increased compared with the control, but the nitrate concentrations significantly decreased with 75 and 100 µM copper. Compared with the control, nitrate reductase activity levels gradually increased with increasing copper concentrations of up to 50 µM, and nitrite reductase activity levels significantly decreased. Copper stress led to variable increases in the activities of glutamine synthetase and glutamate synthase compared with the controls. The NADH- glutamate dehydrogenase (NADH-GDH) and NAD-glutamate dehydrogenase (NAD-GDH) activities were affected by the copper treatments, but that of NAD-GDH was significantly reduced by 100 µM copper. The activities of alanine aminotransferase (AlaAT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AspAT) showed varying changes following the copper treatments. The present results indicate that Luffa cylindrica shows altered activities of enzymes associated with nitrogen metabolism during copper stress, enabling it to monitor and adapt to changes in its N status and supply, thereby minimizing the harmful effects of the stress.

Published
2014

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