285 results on '"Zhang, Youjie"'
Search Results
102. NP26 - Latino Fathers Promoting Healthy Youth Behaviors
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Reyes, Alejandro Peralta, Hurtado, G. Ali, Zhang, Youjie, Brazys, Patricia Arellano, de Davila, Silvia Alvarez, and Reicks, Marla
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- 2018
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103. P28 - Relationships Between Paternal Parenting Practices and Eating, Physical Activity, and Screen Time Behaviors of Latino Youth
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Zhang, Youjie, Reyes, Alejandro Peralta, Brazys, Patricia Arellano, and Reicks, Marla
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- 2018
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104. P21 - Associations Between Role Modeling Vegetable Intake by Latino Fathers and Child Vegetable Intake
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Brazys, Patricia Arellano, Zhang, Youjie, Overcash, Francine, and Reicks, Marla
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- 2018
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105. Genome-wide association study identifies TNFSF13 as a susceptibility gene for IgA in a South Chinese population in smokers
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Lu Zheng, Tan Aihua, Yang xiaobo, Hu Yanling, Chen Yang, Qin Min, Zhang Youjie, Zhang Haiying, Mo Linjian, Wang Jie, Yang Yanlong, Gao Yong, Qin Xue, Guo Xuefeng, and Mo Zengnan
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,China ,Genotype ,Immunology ,Tumor Necrosis Factor Ligand Superfamily Member 13 ,Locus (genetics) ,Single-nucleotide polymorphism ,Genome-wide association study ,Biology ,Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ,Linkage Disequilibrium ,Nephropathy ,Young Adult ,Asian People ,Risk Factors ,Genetics ,medicine ,SNP ,Humans ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,Aged ,Haplotype ,Smoking ,IgA Deficiency ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Human genetics ,Immunoglobulin A ,Chromosome 17 (human) ,Haplotypes ,Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 ,Genome-Wide Association Study - Abstract
IgA is an important factor in our immune system. There are many diseases associated with it, such as IgA nephropathy, IgA deficiency, and so on. In order to describe the relationship between the genes and the IgA level, we performed a genome-wide association study of serum IgA with 1,999 healthy Chinese men in the first stage and replicated on an independent Chinese sample with 1,496 subjects in the second stage. Association between each SNP with IgA was estimated by multivariate linear regression analysis conditioned on age and smoke. Haplotype analysis for the block around the top SNP was performed. In the first stage, one genomic locus was identified to be significantly associated with IgA. The loci is TNFSF13 (17p13.1; rs3803800; P = 6.26 × 10(-8)). In smoke-specific analysis, rs3803800 was approximately significantly associated with IgA levels in smokers (P = 3.96 × 10(-7)), while no association was observed in nonsmokers (P = 2.28 × 10(-1)). In addition, we performed the haplotype analysis on chromosome 17 with the SNPs around rs3803800. Although the total P value for the haplotype did not acquire significant difference, three haplotypes (TGAG, CACG, and CACA) reached significant (P 0.05). In conclusion, TNFSF13 could be a susceptible gene which was discovered having relationship with serum IgA level, and smoke might be a factor infecting the IgA level.
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- 2012
106. Abstract 025: Evidence for a Link between Gut Microbiota and Hypertension in the Dahl Rat Model
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Mell, Blair, primary, Jala, Venkatakrishna R., additional, Mathew, Anna V, additional, Byun, Jaeman, additional, Waghulde, Harshal, additional, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Haribabu, Bodduluri, additional, Vijay-Kumar, Matam, additional, Pennathur, Subramaniam, additional, and Joe, Bina, additional
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- 2015
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107. Evidence for a link between gut microbiota and hypertension in the Dahl rat
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Mell, Blair, primary, Jala, Venkatakrishna R., additional, Mathew, Anna V., additional, Byun, Jaeman, additional, Waghulde, Harshal, additional, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Haribabu, Bodduluri, additional, Vijay-Kumar, Matam, additional, Pennathur, Subramaniam, additional, and Joe, Bina, additional
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- 2015
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108. Evolution of structure and electrical properties with annealing time in solution-based VO2 thin films
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Guo, Yuxian, primary, Xu, Haiyan, additional, Zou, Chongwen, additional, Yang, Zhiyun, additional, Tong, Bin, additional, Yu, Jiangying, additional, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Zhao, Li, additional, and Wang, Yaling, additional
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- 2015
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109. ICONE23-1977 RESEARCHES OF SIMILITUDE LAWS OBTAINED BY DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS FOR AXIAL-FLOW HELIUM COMPRESSORS
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Ming, Liang, primary, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Wang, Jie, additional, and Yang, Xiaoyong, additional
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- 2015
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110. A school‐based intervention’s influence on food knowledge, food preference and gross motor skills among preschoolers (252.5)
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Fitzgerald, Nurgul, primary, Mueller, Carolina, additional, Willems, Cynthia, additional, and Zhang, Youjie, additional
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- 2014
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111. The Association between the Levels of Serum Ferritin and Sex Hormones in a Large Scale of Chinese Male Population
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Liu, Zhenfang, primary, Ye, Fanghui, additional, Zhang, Haiying, additional, Gao, Yong, additional, Tan, Aihua, additional, Zhang, Shijun, additional, Xiao, Qiang, additional, Zhang, Bing, additional, Huang, Lulu, additional, Ye, Bingbing, additional, Qin, Xue, additional, Wu, Chunlei, additional, Lu, Zheng, additional, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Liao, Ming, additional, Yang, Xiaobo, additional, and Mo, Zengnan, additional
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- 2013
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112. Prevalence of and Risk Factors for Asymptomatic Inflammatory (NIH-IV) Prostatitis in Chinese Men
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Wu, Chunlei, primary, Zhang, Zhifu, additional, Lu, Zheng, additional, Liao, Ming, additional, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Xie, Yuanliang, additional, Guo, Xuefeng, additional, Yu, Xiaoxiang, additional, Yang, Xiaobo, additional, Gao, Yong, additional, Tan, Aihua, additional, and Mo, Zengnan, additional
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- 2013
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113. Serum Uric Acid and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Non-Diabetic Chinese Men
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Xie, Yuanliang, primary, Wang, Mengjie, additional, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Zhang, Shijun, additional, Tan, Aihua, additional, Gao, Yong, additional, Liang, Zhengjia, additional, Shi, Deyi, additional, Huang, Zhang, additional, Zhang, Haiying, additional, Yang, Xiaobo, additional, Lu, Zheng, additional, Wu, Chunlei, additional, Liao, Ming, additional, Sun, Yu, additional, Qin, Xue, additional, Hu, Yanling, additional, Li, Li, additional, Peng, Tao, additional, Li, Zhixian, additional, Yang, Xiaoli, additional, and Mo, Zengnan, additional
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- 2013
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114. Endogenous sex hormones and C‐reactive protein in healthy chinese men
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Zhang, Youjie, primary, Gao, Yong, additional, Tan, Aihua, additional, Yang, Xiaobo, additional, Zhang, Haiying, additional, Zhang, Shijun, additional, Wu, Chunlei, additional, Lu, Zheng, additional, Wang, Mengjie, additional, Liao, Ming, additional, Qin, Xue, additional, Li, Li, additional, Hu, Yanling, additional, and Mo, Zengnan, additional
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- 2012
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115. Genome-Wide Scan Identifies Variant in TNFSF13 Associated with Serum IgM in a Healthy Chinese Male Population
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Yang, Ming, primary, Wu, Yongming, additional, Lu, Yanmei, additional, Liu, Changyuan, additional, Sun, Jielin, additional, Liao, Ming, additional, Qin, Min, additional, Mo, Linjian, additional, Gao, Yong, additional, Lu, Zheng, additional, Wu, Chunlei, additional, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Zhang, Haiying, additional, Qin, Xue, additional, Hu, Yanling, additional, Zhang, Shijun, additional, Li, Jianling, additional, Dong, Min, additional, Zheng, S. Lilly, additional, Xu, Jianfeng, additional, Yang, Xiaobo, additional, Tan, Aihua, additional, and Mo, Zengnan, additional
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- 2012
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116. Testosterone Is Associated with Erectile Dysfunction: A Cross-Sectional Study in Chinese Men
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Liao, Ming, primary, Huang, Xianghua, additional, Gao, Yong, additional, Tan, Aihua, additional, Lu, Zheng, additional, Wu, Chunlei, additional, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Yang, Xiaobo, additional, Zhang, Haiying, additional, Qin, Xue, additional, and Mo, Zengnan, additional
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- 2012
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117. Experimental Research of Pebble Dynamics of Two-Region Reactor Core in HTR
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Zhang, Xiuzhi, primary, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Yang, Xingtuan, additional, Liu, Zhiyong, additional, and Jiang, Shengyao, additional
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- 2010
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118. Modeling of the Helium-Heated Steam Reformer for HTR-10
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YIN, Huaqiang, primary, JIANG, Shengyao, additional, ZHANG, Youjie, additional, and JU, Huaiming, additional
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- 2007
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119. Thermodynamic Analysis of Thermal Efficiency of HTR-10 Hydrogen Production System
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YIN, Huaqiang, primary, JIANG, Shengyao, additional, ZHANG, Youjie, additional, and JU, Huaiming, additional
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- 2006
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120. Natural convection heat transfer of high temperature gas in an annulus between two vertical concentric cylinders
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Inaba, Yoshitomo, primary, Zhang, Youjie, additional, Takeda, Tetsuaki, additional, and Shiina, Yasuaki, additional
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- 2005
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121. Experimental and Operational Verification of the HTR-10 Once-Through Steam Generator (SG)
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JU, Huaiming, primary, ZHANG, Youjie, additional, HUANG, Zhiyong, additional, LIU, Zhiyong, additional, LI, Jun, additional, and YU, Yu, additional
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- 2004
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122. Gas Space and Flow Stability in Integrated Reactors
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MA, Changwen, primary, ZHANG, Youjie, additional, JIA, Haijun, additional, BO, Jinghai, additional, WANG, Fei, additional, and LI, Jun, additional
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- 2004
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123. Study on Natural Convection Heat Transfer of High Temperature Gas in a Vertical Annular Space of a Double Coaxial Cylinder
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INABA, Yoshitomo, primary, ZHANG, Youjie, additional, TAKEDA, Tetsuaki, additional, and SHIINA, Yasuaki, additional
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- 2004
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124. Two New Type Passive Residual Heat Removal Systems for Nuclear Reactors
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MA, Changwen, primary, ZHANG, Yajun, additional, ZHANG, Youjie, additional, and LI, Jun, additional
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- 2003
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125. Description of Typical Flow Instabilities in the Natural Circulation System
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Jiang, Shengyao, primary, Yang, Xingtuan, additional, and Zhang, Youjie, additional
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- 2002
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126. Thermalhydraulic Investigation Using a Test Facility Simulating 200 MW Integral Heating Reactor
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JIA, Haijun, primary, WU, Shaorong, additional, LI, Huaixuan, additional, JIANG, Shengyao, additional, ZHANG, Youjie, additional, and HAN, Bin, additional
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- 2000
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127. Numerical Investigation on Flow Excursion Boundary of a Full Power Natural Circulation Reactor
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YANG, XingTuan, JIANG, ShengYao, and ZHANG, YouJie
- Abstract
An experiment was performed on the natural circulation test loop HRTL-5, which simulates the geometry and system design of the 5 MW full power natural circulation nuclear heating reactor. Different flow modes, including density wave oscillation and flow excursion et al., were observed in a wide range of inlet sub-cooling at 1.5MPa. By means of self-developed computational codes, the bifurcation chart has been obtained. Consequently the flow excursion boundary has been determined. Through the analysis on the excursion boundary, the method to avoid the flow excursion during startup has been presented. Analytical results show: (1) with the decreasing heat flux or the increasing system pressure, the static flow excursion occurs at higher inlet temperature and its range in the instability maps becomes narrower correspondingly; (2) to decrease the outlet two-phase resistance or increase the inlet single-phase resistance is beneficial to avoid the flow excursion; (3) by means of increasing the system pressure to start up the reactor with low heat flux, the flow excursion and low steam quality density wave oscillation can be successfully avoided. This investigation is meaningful to the reactor safety and the design of the nuclear heating reactors.
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- 2005
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128. Genomic and Microbiomic Architectural Contributions to Aerobic Exercise Capacity
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Zhang, Youjie
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- Biomedical Research
- Abstract
The beneficial effect of physical exercise has been well established. Genetic predisposition to low exercise capacity is a strong predictor of morbidity and mortality related to multiple diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Genetic predisposition is being increasingly recognized as predisposition caused by the inherited host and microbiotal genome, ie., the microbiome of the commensal microbes living within the host. The microbiome is shaped by both environment and host genetics, and functions to modulate metabolic phenotypes, behavior, and brain function. While the independent contributions of the genome and the microbiome are investigated, studies to delineate the interplay between the nuclear and the mitochondrial genomes of the host and the microbiome to promote health or disease are limited due to paucity of appropriate models.To address this void, this dissertation describes the construction and characterization of four new inbred rat models. First, to study the genetics of exercise, we developed models of health and disease by inbreeding rats divergent in aerobic exercise capacity. These novel inbred strains were developed over 20 generations of inbreeding the selectively bred low and high capacity runner rats and named as LCR/Bj and HCR/Bj respectively. Next, to facilitate studies of the nuclear-mitochondrial genomic interactions, we also developed conplastic animals by “switching” mitochondrial genomes between low and high capacity runner rats, and named them LCR.HCRmt/Bj (LCR rat with mitochondrial genome of the HCR rat) and HCR.LCRmt/Bj (HCR rat with mitochondrial genome of the LCR rat).We screened the whole genomes of the LCR/Bj and HCR/Bj rats by NextGen sequencing and identified over 4.4 million of high quality single nucleotide variants between each of these two inbred strains and the Brown Norway reference genome. Thousands of variants between LCR/Bj and HCR/Bj nuclear DNA (nDNA) are predicted to influence gene structure and protein translation. We also sequenced and compared mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) with publicly available mtDNA from common inbred strains, and found that LCR/Bj mitochondrial mtDNA was identical to the mtDNA reported from Wistar Kyoto inbred strain, while HCR/Bj mtDNA was identical to the mtDNA reported from Fischer 344 × Brown Norway F1-hybrid strain. This genomic information on the LCR/Bj, HCR/Bj, LCR.HCRmt/Bj, HCR.LCRmt/Bj rat models provides a framework for genetic mapping studies of identify inherited factors for exercise capacity and disease susceptibility, facilitates development of engineered models on homogenous genomic backgrounds for gene structure-function studies, and serve as platforms for function validation of human genome-wide association studies in the research field of exercise.To explore the nuclear-mitochondrial genomic interaction in health and disease, we systemically characterized the phenotypes in our inbred and conplastic strains. We show that genetic predisposition to low exercise capacity led to multiple pathophysiological features including increased body weight, metabolic abnormalities, increased accumulation of adipose tissue, high blood pressure, altered cardiac function, depression-like behavior, and deteriorated cognition. We also revealed tissue specific interaction between nDNA and mtDNA in determining metabolism, blood pressure, cardiac function, and long-term memory. Our novel inbred and conplastic strains with detailed genomic characterization provide invaluable resources to comprehensively study the effect of host genome on exercise capacity and complex diseases.To establish the link between host genome and microbiome in determining health and diseases, we did 16S rRNA sequencing and analyzed gut microbiota in fecal samples from our inbred and conplastic animals. Surprisingly, fecal microbial communities of LCR/Bj and HCR/Bj were significant different, which we interpret as being the result of selection of differential host genomes. Of the enriched bacteria we identified, majority are documented as high heritable through human gut microbiotal studies. Correlation analysis further demonstrated that certain gut microbiota closely associated with multiple traits including exercise capacity, body metabolism, heart function, and depression. These findings second the notion that targeting the microbiome could be a novel therapeutic approach to treat common diseases. Moreover, our models with genetic susceptibility to certain disease-associated gut microbiota can fulfill the urgent demand for animal models of translational microbiome research.
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- 2018
129. Healthy Lifestyle Intervention: Application of Parenting Styles and Practices Among Latino Fathers and Early Adolescents
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Zhang, Youjie
- Subjects
- Adolescents, Healthy lifestyle promotion, Latino, Obesity prevention, Parenting practices, Parenting style
- Abstract
Background: The high prevalence of pediatric obesity is a public health crisis. Poor dietary intake, physical inactivity and excessive screen time are obesogenic energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs). The obesity rate is disproportionately high among Latino adolescents who face unhealthy acculturation challenges. Therefore, prioritizing intervention efforts to provide effective and culturally appropriate strategies is neccessary. Enhancing parental involvement in behavioral-based interventions may result in greater effectiveness for improving EBRBs and preventing pediatric obesity. Two promising strategies include addressing the overarching influence of parenting styles and practices on adolescents’ EBRBs and the underrepresentation of fathers. Overall Objective: To provide theoretical support and empirical evidence for incorporating parenting skills education regarding parenting styles and practices in healthy lifestyle intervention programs to prevent unhealthy weight gain among Latino early adolescents (age 10-14). Methods: The methods included secondary data analyses using population-level survey data, focus group interviews based on the grounded theory approach, psychometric testing of criterion validity for measures to evaluate program effectiveness, and a quasi-experimental design using pre- and post-intervention comparisons to determine program feasibility based on acceptability and preliminary effectiveness. Results: Analysis of the population-level survey data showed that parenting styles moderated the associations of parenting practices with adolescents’ junk food/sugary drink intake and physical activity. Parenting styles were also associated with adolescents’ dietary intake and screen time after adjusting for the mediating effects of parenting practices. Focus group interviews generated themes related to Latino fathers’ beliefs and concerns about their early adolescents' EBRBs, their food and activity parenting practices, and factors that may influence their involvement in promoting healthy EBRBs. Psychometric testing of evaluation measures showed good criterion validity for adolescent-reported parenting practices and poor validity for father-reported parenting practices around adolescents’ EBRBs. The pilot study of the Padres Preparados, Jóvenes Saludables program demonstrated feasibility based on acceptability and preliminary effectiveness regarding behavioral outcomes. Conclusions: The influence of parenting styles on adolescents’ EBRBs and parenting practices needs to be further addressed in pediatric obesity prevention. Latino father involvement in the Padres Preparados, Jóvenes Saludables program may be effective in promoting healthy EBRBs and preventing unhealthy weight gain among early adolescents.
- Published
- 2018
130. A high-performance composite cathode based on thermal expansion complementation for SOFC.
- Author
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Hu, Ling, Zhou, Defeng, Zhu, Xiaofei, Wang, Ning, Bai, Jinghe, Gong, Huifang, Zhang, Youjie, Chen, Yunlong, Yan, Wenfu, and Zhu, Qiurong
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THERMAL expansion , *CATHODES , *ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide , *SOLID oxide fuel cells , *TRANSMISSION electron microscopy - Abstract
• A negative expansion component SZM is used to balance the thermal expansion. • SNC/SZM heterogeneous interface is constructed by self-assembly. • Heterogeneous interface improves SNC-20SZM ORR kinetics. • The combined SZM increases the TPB length and the O2– transport pathways. • SNC-20SZM exhibits an impressive Rp value of 0.012 Ω cm2 at 700 °C. The discrepancy in thermal expansion coefficients (TECs) between the cobalt-based cathode and the electrolyte presents a notable obstacle in attaining optimal performance levels for solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). Here we propose to introduce negative thermal expansion (NTE) component Sm 0.85 Zn 0.15 MnO 3 (SZM) to SrNb 0.1 Co 0.9 O 3−δ (SNC) cathode to prepare SNC-xSZM (x = 0, 10, 20 and 30 %) composite cathode materials. The impact of incorporating negative thermal expansion material on the composition and properties of the matrix materials were examined by X-ray diffraction, thermal dilatometer, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and electrochemical workstation. The results show that SNC-xSZM can achieve more ideal thermal matching with Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 1.9 (GDC), and the thermal expansion coefficient decreases observably from 25.47 × 10−6 K−1 for x = 0 to 13.74 × 10−6 K−1 for x = 30 %. The optimal comprehensive electrochemical performance is obtained for SNC-20SZM, which possesses the minimum polarization resistance (Rp) of 0.012 Ω cm2 at 700 °C. The SNC-20SZM-based cell shows a maximum peak power density (PPD) of 1.22 W cm−2 while exhibiting stable operation for a continuous duration of 120 h at a constant current of 0.8 A cm−2, with performance remaining optimal. Moreover, SNC-20SZM demonstrates exceptional durability and stability over prolonged durations even in high CO 2 atmospheres. An innovative approach for enhancing the development of intermediate-temperature solid oxide fuel cells (IT-SOFCs) involves incorporating SZM in the SNC cathode, thereby augmenting electrochemical performance and narrowing the gap in the thermal expansion coefficient among SOFC modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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131. Skin Carotenoid Scores Assessed with Reflection Spectroscopy Are Associated with Self-Reported Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Latino Early Adolescents.
- Author
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Nagao-Sato, Sayaka, Baltaci, Aysegul, Peralta Reyes, Alejandro Omar, Zhang, Youjie, Hurtado Choque, Ghaffar Ali, and Reicks, Marla
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CAROTENOID analysis , *VEGETABLES , *SKIN , *SELF-evaluation , *HISPANIC Americans , *CROSS-sectional method , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *FOOD security , *INGESTION , *FOOD supply , *SEASONS , *FRUIT , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *HUMAN skin color , *POVERTY , *METROPOLITAN areas , *SPECTRUM analysis , *SECONDARY analysis - Abstract
Latino early adolescents have a high prevalence of overweight and obesity. Interventions to address healthy eating among Latino youth frequently focus on fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. Reflection spectroscopy assessed skin carotenoid (SC) levels has been proposed as an easy, noninvasive method to evaluate FV intake, but validation studies involving ethnically diverse youth are lacking. This study aimed to assess the association between reflection spectroscopy-measured SC scores and self-reported FV intake among low-income, urban, Latino early adolescents, controlling for potential confounding factors. This study was a cross-sectional secondary analysis of baseline data from a community-based intervention program (Padres Preparados, Jóvenes Saludables) involving Latino fathers and adolescents to improve paternal parenting practices and youth energy balance-related behaviors. Participants were 195 low-income, Latino early adolescents (aged 10 to 14 years). Data were collected in the Minneapolis/St Paul metropolitan area from 2017 to 2020 during fall or winter months. SC scores were measured using reflection spectroscopy, usual intakes of FV and carotenoid compounds were estimated based on the assessment using 24-hour dietary recalls. Multivariable linear regression analyses were used to estimate associations of SC scores and each dietary component and potential confounding factors after assessing variables for inclusion in the analyses. The mean SC score was 225 ± 95. The mean FV and total carotenoid intakes were 3.3 ± 0.5 servings/day and 8,360 ± 786 μg/day, respectively. Higher SC scores were observed among youth who had higher FV (β =.37 and P < 0.01) or total carotenoid intakes (β =.31 and P < 0.01). SC scores measured during fall were higher than scores measured during winter. Study participants with higher home FV availability and accessibility had higher SC scores. Findings supported using SC score as a potential easy-to-use indicator of FV intake among Latino youth with consideration of seasonal variation and home FV availability and accessibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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132. Differences in reporting food insecurity and factors associated with differences among Latino fathers and mothers.
- Author
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Nagao-Sato, Sayaka, Druziako, Stephanie, Baltaci, Aysegul, Peralta Reyes, Alejandro Omar, Zhang, Youjie, Hurtado Choque, Ghaffar Ali, and Reicks, Marla
- Subjects
- *
FOOD security , *HOUSEHOLDS , *DEMOGRAPHIC surveys , *NEIGHBORHOODS , *LOGISTIC regression analysis - Abstract
Background: Food security status has been assessed as a representative score for households; however, different members in the same household may perceive and report food insecurity differently. A high prevalence of food insecurity has been reported among Latino households, therefore understanding differences in reporting food insecurity by Latino father-mother dyads may improve accuracy of assessment and plans to address food insecurity. This study aimed to 1) determine demographic characteristics and/or food-related factors associated with perceptions of food security status among Latino father-mother dyads, and 2) identify factors associated with discordance in perceptions of food insecurity between dyads.Methods: Baseline data were used from a community-based, youth obesity prevention program among Latino families (n = 106 father-mother dyads). Food security was assessed with a 2-item food insecurity screen. Logistic regression models were used to evaluate associations between reporting food security status and predictor variables for fathers, mothers, and dyad-discordant responses.Results: Food insecurity was reported by 39% of fathers and 55% of mothers. Adjusted odds of reporting food insecurity were significantly higher for fathers perceiving their neighborhood was unsafe vs. safe (OR: 3.7, p < 0.05) and reporting lower vs. higher household income (OR: 3.2, p < 0.05). Adjusted odds of reporting food insecurity were significantly higher for mothers perceiving their neighborhood was unsafe vs. safe (OR: 4.1, p < 0.01) and reporting lower vs. higher home availability of fruit and vegetable (OR: 5.5, p < 0.01). Dyad discordance in reporting food security status occurred in 24% of the dyads. Adjusted odds of dyad discordant reports of food insecurity status were significantly higher for dyads reporting discordant responses regarding previous nutrition education (OR: 3.4, p < 0.05) and higher home fruit and vegetable accessibility (OR: 3.1, p < 0.05) compared to dyads reporting concordant responses. Among the 28 dyads who reported discordant nutrition education participation, 21 reported that fathers had never participated but mothers had participated more than once.Conclusions: Differential factors were associated with reporting food security among Latino father-mother dyads. Nutrition education for fathers that improves awareness of home food supplies and a better understanding of how food accessibility influences maternal perceptions may improve dyad discordance in reporting household food security. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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133. Description of Typical Flow Instabilities in the Natural Circulation System
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Zhang, Youjie [Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 (China)]
- Published
- 2002
134. NP16 Latino Fathers Promoting Healthy Youth Behaviors.
- Author
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Baltaci, Asegul, de Davila, Silvia Alvarez, Druziako, Stephanie, Hurtado, Ghaffar Ali, Overcash, Francine, Peralta, Alejandro Reyes, Zhang, Youjie, and Reicks, Marla
- Subjects
- *
CONFERENCES & conventions , *HEALTH behavior in adolescence , *HEALTH promotion , *HISPANIC Americans , *PARENT-child relationships , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials - Abstract
Padres Preparados, Jóvenes Saludables is a family-skills intervention for immigrant Latino fathers and youth (10-14 years) to improve youth energy balance-related behaviors and positive parenting practices. A randomized-controlled trial (n = 240 youth, 240 fathers, half in an intervention and half in a delayed-intervention control group) is being conducted in the Minneapolis/St. Paul metropolitan area at five community sites from 2017 – 2020 based on a multi-site staggered implementation schedule. Each of the eight program sessions follows an experiential learning cycle, including activities for families to prepare food and be physically active together, for parents to strengthen positive parenting practices (setting expectations, availability, modeling), and for parents and children to improve diet and physical activity outcomes. The program for the delayed-intervention control group is being delivered via a blended approach with three sessions via a mobile app and five sessions in person with accompanying evaluation procedures. Assessments are being made in both arms at baseline and post-program and follow-up (three months post-program). Expected outcomes include improved youth intake of fruits and vegetables (FV), sugary drinks (SSBs), salty snacks/sweets, fast food, physical activity and screen time and related parenting practices. Baseline data from all current participants were examined for associations between youth-reported EBRB-specific parenting practices, father socio-demographic characteristics and family meal frequency. Few significant associations were noted between parenting practices and father socio-demographic characteristics; however, FV and fast food parenting practices were positively associated with family meal frequency and father involvement in meal preparation. Interim data analysis from ∼100 fathers and youth showed that father-reported parenting practices were improved from pre- to post-program for setting expectations for FV, SSBs and physical activity and modeling regarding fruit, fast food and screen time behaviors. Father-reported intakes of FV and SSBs were improved. Interim analysis showed positive findings regarding improvements in father-reported parenting practices and behaviors. Full data collection and analysis are expected to be completed in two years. 2016-68001-24921. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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135. Osteogenic-Like Microenvironment of Renal Interstitium Induced by Osteomodulin Contributes to Randall's Plaque Formation.
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Zhu Z, Huang F, Gao M, Liu M, Zhang Y, Tang L, Wu J, Yu H, He C, Chen J, Yang Z, Chen Z, Li Y, Chen H, Lei T, Zeng F, and Cui Y
- Abstract
Calcium oxalate (CaOx) kidney stones are common and recurrent, lacking pharmacological prevention. Randall's plaques (RPs), calcium deposits in renal papillae, serve as niduses for some CaOx stones. This study explores the role of osteogenic-like cells in RP formation resembling ossification. CaP crystals deposit around renal tubules, interstitium, and blood vessels in RP tissues. Human renal interstitial fibroblasts (hRIFs) exhibit the highest osteogenic-like differentiation potential compared to chloride voltage-gated channel Ka positive tubular epithelial cells, aquaporin 2 positive collecting duct cells, and vascular endothelial cells, echoing the upregulated osteogenic markers primarily in hRIFs within RP tissues. Utilizing RNA-seq, osteomodulin (OMD) is found to be upregulated in hRIFs within RP tissues and hRIFs following osteogenic induction. Furthermore, OMD colocalizes with CaP crystals and calcium vesicles within RP tissues. OMD can enhance osteogenic-like differentiation of hRIFs in vitro and in vivo. Additionally, crystal deposits are attenuated in mice with Omd deletion in renal interstitial fibroblasts following CaOx nephrocalcinosis induction. Mechanically, a positive feedback loop of OMD/BMP2/BMPR1A/RUNX2/OMD drives hRIFs to adopt osteogenic-like fates, by which OMD induces osteogenic-like microenvironment of renal interstitium to participate in RP formation. We identify OMD upregulation as a pathological feature of RP, paving the way for preventing CaOx stones., (© 2024 The Author(s). Advanced Science published by Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)
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- 2024
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136. Protein is expressed in all major organs after intravenous infusion of mRNA-lipid nanoparticles in swine.
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Ferraresso F, Badior K, Seadler M, Zhang Y, Wietrzny A, Cau MF, Haugen A, Rodriguez GG, Dyer MR, Cullis PR, Jan E, and Kastrup CJ
- Abstract
In vivo delivery of mRNA is promising for the study of gene expression and the treatment of diseases. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) enable efficient delivery of mRNA constructs, but protein expression has been assumed to be limited to the liver. With specialized LNPs, delivery to extrahepatic tissue occurs in small animal models; however, it is unclear if global delivery of mRNA to all major organs is possible in humans because delivery may be affected by differences in innate immune response and relative organ size. Furthermore, limited studies with LNPs have been performed in large animal models, such as swine, due to their sensitivity to complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA). In this study, we found that exogenous protein expression occurred in all major organs when swine were injected intravenously with a relatively low dose of mRNA encapsulated in a clinically relevant LNP formulation. Exogenous protein was detected in the liver, spleen, lung, heart, uterus, colon, stomach, kidney, small intestine, and brain of the swine without inducing CARPA. Furthermore, protein expression was detected in the bone marrow, including megakaryocytes, hematopoietic stem cells, and granulocytes, and in circulating white blood cells and platelets. These results show that nearly all major organs contain exogenous protein expression and are viable targets for mRNA therapies., Competing Interests: C.J.K., P.R.C., E.J., and K.B. are directors, shareholders, and/or co-founders of companies developing RNA therapies. C.J.K., P.R.C., E.J., F.F., and K.B. have filed intellectual property on RNA-based therapies with the intention of commercializing these inventions., (© 2024 The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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137. The impact of anxiety on the risk of kidney stone disease: Insights into eGFR-mediated effects.
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Gao M, Liu M, Zhang Y, Tang L, Chen H, and Zhu Z
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- Humans, Male, Female, Middle Aged, Adult, Risk Factors, Nutrition Surveys, Aged, Kidney Calculi genetics, Kidney Calculi epidemiology, Anxiety epidemiology, Mendelian Randomization Analysis, ErbB Receptors genetics
- Abstract
Background: Previous studies have linked kidney stone disease (KSD) with depression, but there are no reports on the relationship between anxiety and KSD, and the mechanism underlying the potential relationship remains unclear., Methods: Associations of anxiety and incident KSD were assessed in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHENES) using multivariate logistic regression. Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization studies and a two-step two-sample MR was used to estimate the mediating factors that influence KSD risk., Results: Examinations of NHANES data revealed that a rise in the frequency and intensity of anxiety were independently associated with incident KSD. In MR analysis, anxiety (uk-a-51 and uk-b-6519) were from the UK Biobank, with sample sizes of 328,717 and 450,765 respectively. KSD data were from the FinnGen, including 8597 cases and 333,128 controls. In the IVW analysis, genetically predicted anxieties (ukb-a-51 and ukb-b-6519) were found to be causally associated with a higher risk of KSD, with odds ratios of 6.18 (95 % CI 2.54-15.04) and 3.44 (95 % CI 1.67-7.08), respectively. There were no reverse causal effects. Further mediation analysis indicated that anxiety increases the risk of KSD by raising eGFR, through which 11.8 % of the effect of anxiety on KSD risk was mediated., Limitations: The research was confined to individuals of European heritage, and there could be specific genetic variances among diverse ethnicities., Conclusion: The current study suggests anxiety as an independent causal risk factor for KSD and unveils a new pathogenic mechanism, showing that anxiety raises eGFR, thereby increasing the risk of KSD., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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138. Proton pump inhibitors use is associated with a higher prevalence of kidney stones: NHANES 2007-2018.
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Zhang Y, Liu M, Zhu Z, and Chen H
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- Humans, Female, Male, Cross-Sectional Studies, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Adult, United States epidemiology, Aged, Risk Factors, Young Adult, Proton Pump Inhibitors adverse effects, Kidney Calculi epidemiology, Kidney Calculi chemically induced, Nutrition Surveys
- Abstract
Background: Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used throughout the world as an effective gastrointestinal drug. Nevertheless, according to the existing literature, PPIs can reduce the excretion of magnesium, calcium and other components in urine, which may promote the formation of kidney stones. We used the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database to further investigate the association between the use of PPIs and the prevalence of kidney stones., Methods: We performed a cross-sectional analysis using data from 2007 to 2018 NHANES. PPIs use information of 29,910 participants was obtained by using prescription medications in the preceding month, and kidney stones were presented by a standard questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis and stratified analysis were used to estimate the association between PPIs use and kidney stones after an adjustment for potential confounders., Results: The multiple logistic regression indicated that the PPIs exposure group (P1) had a significantly higher risk of nephrolithiasis than the PPIs non-exposure group (P0) in Model 3 (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.10-1.39, P < 0.001). The stratified analyses indicated there were significant statistical differences between PPIs use and kidney stones among females (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.15-1.62, P < 0.001), non-Hispanic whites (OR 1.27, 95% CI 1.09-1.48, P = 0.002), individuals with an education level than 11th grade (OR 1.41, 95% CI 1.13-1.76, P = 0.002) and individuals with an annual family income of $0 to $19,999 (OR 1.32, 95% CI 1.06-1.65, P = 0.014) and $20,000 to $44,999 (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.02-1.54, P = 0.033) in Model 3., Conclusions: Our study revealed that PPIs use is associated with a higher prevalence of kidney stones for the US population, primarily among women, non-Hispanic whites, individuals with low education levels and individuals with low household income levels. Further studies are required to confirm our findings., (© 2024. The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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139. siRNA-mediated reduction of a circulating protein in swine using lipid nanoparticles.
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Cau MF, Ferraresso F, Seadler M, Badior K, Zhang Y, Ketelboeter LM, Rodriguez GG, Chen T, Ferraresso M, Wietrzny A, Robertson M, Haugen A, Cullis PR, de Moya M, Dyer M, and Kastrup CJ
- Abstract
Genetic manipulation of animal models is a fundamental research tool in biology and medicine but is challenging in large animals. In rodents, models can be readily developed by knocking out genes in embryonic stem cells or by knocking down genes through in vivo delivery of nucleic acids. Swine are a preferred animal model for studying the cardiovascular and immune systems, but there are limited strategies for genetic manipulation. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) efficiently deliver small interfering RNA (siRNA) to knock down circulating proteins, but swine are sensitive to LNP-induced complement activation-related pseudoallergy (CARPA). We hypothesized that appropriately administering optimized siRNA-LNPs could knock down circulating levels of plasminogen, a blood protein synthesized in the liver. siRNA-LNPs against plasminogen (siPLG) reduced plasma plasminogen protein and hepatic plasminogen mRNA levels to below 5% of baseline values. Functional assays showed that reducing plasminogen levels modulated systemic blood coagulation. Clinical signs of CARPA were not observed, and occasional mild and transient hepatotoxicity was present in siPLG-treated animals at 5 h post-infusion, which returned to baseline by 7 days. These findings advance siRNA-LNPs in swine models, enabling genetic engineering of blood and hepatic proteins, which can likely expand to proteins in other tissues in the future., Competing Interests: C.J.K., P.R.C., and K.B. are directors, shareholders, and/or co-founders of companies developing RNA therapies. C.J.K., P.R.C., F.F., and K.B. have filed intellectual property on RNA-based therapies with the intention of commercializing these inventions., (© 2024 The Author(s).)
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- 2024
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140. Serum HDL partially mediates the association between exposure to volatile organic compounds and kidney stones: A nationally representative cross-sectional study from NHANES.
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Wu M, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wu J, Gao M, Huang F, Chen H, and Zhu Z
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- Humans, Female, Nutrition Surveys, Cross-Sectional Studies, Bayes Theorem, Volatile Organic Compounds metabolism, Kidney Calculi
- Abstract
Environmental exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is ubiquitous, and this study explored whether exposure to VOCs is associated with the risk of kidney stones. We performed a nationally representative US cross-sectional study using data from five survey cycles (2011-2020) of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) program. Exposure to VOCs was determined by urine creatinine-corrected metabolites of VOCs (mVOCs). In total 5505 participants and 15 urine mVOCs were included for analysis, and the prevalence of kidney stones was 9.57 % (527/5505). Multivariable logistic regression showed that urine AMCC (parent VOCs (pVOCs): N, N-Dimethylformamide), 3,4-MHA (pVOCs: xylene), MA (pVOCs: ethylbenzene; styrene), DHBMA (pVOCs: 1,3-butadiene), HMPMA (pVOCs: crotonaldehyde) and 2HPMA (pVOCs: propylene oxide) were significantly associated with an increased risk of kidney stones in US general population. Sub-analysis revealed that there was a more pronounced association in women and the overweight/obesity group (body mass index ≥ 25). Moreover, the weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression model and the Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) model consistently identified a positive association between co-exposure to VOCs and the risk of kidney stones, in which AMCC played the most important role among the 15 mVOCs. Mediation analysis further identified serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) as a mediator of the association between VOC co-exposure and kidney stones. Our study draws attention to the previously unknown positive associations between non-occupational VOC exposure and the risk of kidney stones in the general population. However, further studies are required to clarify the existence of such causation., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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141. Ruggedized Self-Propelling Hemostatic Gauze Delivers Low Dose of Thrombin and Systemic Tranexamic Acid and Achieves High Survival in Swine With Junctional Hemorrhage.
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Ali-Mohamad N, Cau MF, Wang X, Khavari A, Ringgold K, Naveed A, Sherwood C, Peng N, Zhang Gao H, Zhang Y, Semple H, Peng H, Tenn C, Baylis JR, Beckett A, White NJ, and Kastrup CJ
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- Animals, Swine, Thrombin therapeutic use, Hemostatic Techniques, Disease Models, Animal, Hemorrhage drug therapy, Bandages, Blindness, Tranexamic Acid pharmacology, Tranexamic Acid therapeutic use, Hemostatics pharmacology, Hemostatics therapeutic use
- Abstract
Introduction: Hemorrhage is responsible for 91% of preventable prehospital deaths in combat. Bleeding from anatomic junctions such as the groin, neck, and axillae make up 19% of these deaths, and reports estimate that effective control of junctional hemorrhage could have prevented 5% of fatalities in Afghanistan. Hemostatic dressings are effective but are time-consuming to apply and are limited when proper packing and manual pressure are not feasible, such as during care under fire. CounterFlow-Gauze is a hemostatic dressing that is effective without compression and delivers thrombin and tranexamic acid into wounds. Here, an advanced prototype of CounterFlow-Gauze, containing a range of low thrombin doses, was tested in a lethal swine model of junctional hemorrhage. Outcomes were compared with those of Combat Gauze, the current dressing recommended by Tactical Combat Casualty Care., Materials and Methods: CounterFlow-Gauze containing thrombin doses of 0, 20, 200, and 500 IU was prepared. Swine received femoral arteriotomies, and CounterFlow-Gauze was packed into wounds without additional manual compression. In a separate study using a similar model of junctional hemorrhage without additional compression, CounterFlow-Gauze containing 500 IU thrombin was tested and compared with Combat Gauze. In both studies, the primary outcomes were survival to 3 h and volume of blood loss., Results: CounterFlow-Gauze with 200 and 500 IU had the highest 3-h survival, achieving 70 and 75% survival, respectively. CounterFlow-Gauze resulted in mean peak plasma tranexamic acid concentrations of 9.6 ± 1.0 µg/mL (mean ± SEM) within 3 h. In a separate study with smaller injury, CounterFlow-Gauze with 500 IU achieved 100% survival to 3 h compared with 92% in Combat Gauze animals., Conclusions: An advanced preclinical prototype of CounterFlow-Gauze formulated with a minimized thrombin dose is highly effective at managing junctional hemorrhage without compression. These results demonstrate that CounterFlow-Gauze could be developed into a feasible alternative to Combat Gauze for hemorrhage control on the battlefield., (© The Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 2023. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
- Published
- 2023
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142. Risk factors for the comorbidity of osteoporosis/osteopenia and kidney stones: a cross-sectional study.
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Zhu Z, Liu M, Zhang Y, Wu J, Gao M, Lei T, Huang F, Chen H, and Wu M
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- Humans, Bone Density, Cross-Sectional Studies, Calcium, Alkaline Phosphatase, Magnesium, Nutrition Surveys, Bicarbonates, Vitamin D, Risk Factors, Lumbar Vertebrae, Comorbidity, Phosphorus, Potassium, Sodium, Osteoporosis complications, Bone Diseases, Metabolic etiology, Kidney Calculi epidemiology, Kidney Calculi complications
- Abstract
Low femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) was associated with the increased risk of kidney stones. Low dietary magnesium intake and increased serum alkaline phosphatase were associated with the increased risk of low femoral neck BMD in kidney stone formers., Purpose: To evaluate whether low femoral neck bone mineral density (BMD) was associated with a higher risk of kidney stones, and identify risk factors for the comorbidity of osteoporosis/osteopenia and kidney stones., Methods: We analyzed individuals aged ≥ 20 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007-2020 data. Osteoporosis/osteopenia is defined as any T-score < -1.0 of femoral neck, total femoral, and mean lumbar spine (L1-L4) BMD. Dietary intakes (sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, phosphorus, calcium/phosphorus, vitamin D (25OHD2+25OHD3)) and serum parameters (sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, bicarbonate, vitamin D, alkaline phosphatase (ALP)) were screened for identifying risk factors for the comorbidity., Results: The prevalence of comorbidity of osteoporosis/osteopenia and kidney stones was 4.82%. Femoral neck BMD T-score was negatively associated with the prevalence of kidney stones (n=11,864). Dietary magnesium intake, serum phosphorus, and bicarbonate were negatively associated with the comorbidity prevalence, and serum ALP was positively associated with the comorbidity prevalence (n=6978). Additionally, there remain significant associations of dietary magnesium intake, serum ALP, and bicarbonate with not only femoral neck BMD T-score (n=11331), but also the prevalence of kidney stones (n=23,111) in general population. Furthermore, dietary magnesium intake was positively correlated to femoral neck BMD T-score in stone formers (SFs), while serum ALP was negatively correlated to femoral neck BMD T-score in SFs (n=1163)., Conclusion: Low femoral neck BMD was closely associated with an increased risk of kidney stones. Low magnesium intake and increased serum ALP were associated with the increased risk of the comorbidity, as well as indicative of low femoral neck BMD T-score in SFs, which offered a clue to further clarify the mechanism leading to paradoxical calcification of bone resorption and kidney stones, and had the potential to perform personalized diagnostic workup for low BMD in SFs., (© 2023. International Osteoporosis Foundation and Bone Health and Osteoporosis Foundation.)
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- 2023
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143. Causal relationship between kidney stones and gut microbiota contributes to the gut-kidney axis: a two-sample Mendelian randomization study.
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Liu M, Zhang Y, Wu J, Gao M, Zhu Z, and Chen H
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Background: Gut microbiota, particularly Oxalobacter formigenes , has been previously reported to be associated with kidney stones. However, the conflicting results from both observational and intervention studies have created substantial uncertainty regarding the contribution of Oxalobacter formigenes to the formation of kidney stone., Methods: We employed a two-sample MR analysis to investigate the causal relationship between gut microbiota and kidney stones using GWASs summary statistics obtained from the MiBioGen and FinnGen consortia. Moreover, we conducted a reserve MR analysis to assess the direction of the causal associations between gut microbiota and kidney stones. The inverse variance weighted (IVW) approach represents the primary method of Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis., Results: Our analyses do not yield supportive evidence for a causal link between the genus Oxalobacte r (OR = 0.99, 95% CI: 0.90-1.09, p = 0.811) and the formation of kidney stones. The order Actinomycetales (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.96, p = 0.020), family Actinomycetaceae (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.65-0.96, p = 0.019), family Clostridiaceae 1 (OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.67-0.96, p = 0.015), genus Clostridiumsensustricto 1 (OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.67-0.98, p = 0.030) and genus Hungatella (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.74-0.99, p = 0.040) had protective effects on kidney stones, and the genus Haemophilus (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.01-1.33, p = 0.032), genus Ruminococcaceae (UCG010) (OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.04-1.84, p = 0.028), genus Subdoligranulum (OR = 1.27, 95% CI: 1.06-1.52, p = 0.009) were risk factors for kidney stones. Differential abundance analysis provide no evidence of a association between Oxalobacter formigenes and kidney stones, and showed genus Subdoligranulum were risk factors for kidney stones. Reverse MR analysis did not indicate any causal association of kidney stones on gut microbiota. No considerable heterogeneity of instrumental variables or horizontal pleiotropy was observed., Conclusion: Our two-sample MR study did not find any causal relationship between genus Oxalobacter and kidney stones. The association between gut microbiota and kidney stones does not solely depend on the presence of genus Oxalobacter / Oxalobacter formigenes . A more integrated approach using multiple omics platforms is needed to better understand the pathogenesis of kidney stones in the context of complex gene-environment interactions over time., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Liu, Zhang, Wu, Gao, Zhu and Chen.)
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- 2023
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144. Experiences, Perspectives, and Barriers to Physical Activity Parenting Practices for Chinese Early Adolescents.
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Zhang Y, Cao R, Li C, Shi Z, Sheng H, and Xu Y
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- Male, Female, Humans, Adolescent, East Asian People, Parents, Parent-Child Relations, Parenting, Exercise
- Abstract
Background: Parents play an important role in shaping youth's lifestyle behaviors. This study aimed to investigate physical activity parenting practices (PAPP) for Chinese early adolescents and compare reporting discrepancies between parents and adolescent boys and girls., Methods: Fifty-five adolescent-parent dyads participated in 16 paired focus group interviews, and an additional 122 dyads completed questionnaire surveys with open-ended questions. Participants were recruited from 3 public middle schools in Suzhou, China. Qualitative data were analyzed inductively using an open-coding scheme. Frequencies of codes were compared by parent-child role and adolescent gender using chi-square tests., Results: Eighteen types of PAPP were identified and grouped into 6 categories: goals/control, structure, parental physical activity participation, communication, support, and discipline. These PAPP were viewed as promotive, preventive, or ineffective. Participants had mixed opinions on the effects of 11 PAPP and identified parental, adolescent, and environmental barriers for parents to promote youth physical activity. Compared with parents, adolescents were more likely to value the effects of setting expectation, scheduling, and coparticipation as well as dislike pressuring, restriction, and punishment. Girls were more likely to favor coparticipation and were more sensitive about negative communication than boys. Parents paid more attention to environmental barriers, whereas adolescents, especially girls, focused more on personal issues., Conclusions: Future studies need to address both positive and negative PAPP as well as perception discrepancies by child-parent role and adolescent gender to generate more evidence to promote parents as favorable socialization agents of youth physical activity.
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- 2023
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145. OLMALINC/OCT4/BMP2 axis enhances osteogenic-like phenotype of renal interstitial fibroblasts to participate in Randall's plaque formation.
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Zhu Z, Huang F, Jiang Y, Ruan S, Liu M, Zhang Y, Li Y, Chen J, Cui Y, Chen Z, Chen H, and Zeng F
- Subjects
- Humans, Calcium Oxalate metabolism, Fibroblasts metabolism, Kidney metabolism, Kidney Medulla pathology, Phenotype, Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 genetics, Kidney Calculi metabolism, RNA, Long Noncoding genetics, Octamer Transcription Factor-3 genetics
- Abstract
Background: Randall's plaques (RP) are identified as anchored sites for kidney calcium oxalate stones, but the mechanism remains unclear. Given the importance of osteogenic-like cells in RP formation and OCT4 in reprogramming differentiated cells to osteoblasts, the current study explored the potential role of OCT4 in RP formation., Methods: OCT4 and biomineralization were evaluated in RP, and immunofluorescence co-staining was performed to identify these cells with alteration of OCT4 and osteogenic markers. Based on the analysis of tissue, we further investigated the mechanism of OCT4 in regulating osteogenic-like differentiation of primary human renal interstitial fibroblasts (hRIFs) in vitro and vivo., Results: We identified the upregulated OCT4 in RP, with a positive correlation to osteogenic markers. Interestingly, fibroblast marker Vimentin was partially co-localized with upregulated OCT4 and osteogenic markers in RP. Further investigations revealed that OCT4 significantly enhanced the osteogenic-like phenotype of hRIFs in vitro and in vivo. Mechanically, OCT4 directly bound to BMP2 promoter and facilitated its CpG island demethylation to transcriptionally promote BMP2 expression. Furthermore, combination of RIP and RNA profiling uncovered that lncRNA OLMALINC physically interacted with OCT4 to promote its stabilization via disrupting the ubiquitination. Additionally, OLMALINC was upregulated in fibroblasts in RP visualized by FISH, and a positive correlation was revealed between OLMALINC and OCT4 in RP., Conclusions: The upregulation of OCT4 in hRIFs was a pathological feature of RP formation, and OLMALINC/OCT4/BMP2 axis facilitated hRIFs to acquire osteogenic-like phenotype under osteogenic conditions, through which the pathway might participate in RP formation. Our findings opened up a new avenue to better understand RP formation in which osteogenic-like process was partially triggered by lncRNAs and pluripotency maintenance related genes., (© 2022. The Author(s).)
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- 2022
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146. Screen time and health issues in Chinese school-aged children and adolescents: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
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Zhang Y, Tian S, Zou D, Zhang H, and Pan CW
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- Adolescent, Child, China epidemiology, Humans, Physical Fitness, Myopia, Screen Time
- Abstract
Backgrounds: Many literature reviews summarized relationships between screen time and child health, but they only included a few studies conducted in Chinese children and adolescents. The potential influence of screen time may vary by social context. The current systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate relationships between screen time and health issues among Chinese school-aged children and adolescents., Methods: Peer-reviewed articles written in Chinese and English were retrieved from CNKI, Wanfang, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science from inception to June 2020. The Downs & Black checklist was applied to assess study quality. Meta analyses used random effect models and mixed effects model to calculate pooled adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals. Heterogeneity, sensitivity, and publication bias were assessed using Q and I
2 statistics, "one-study removed" analysis, the funnel plot, trim and fill analysis, and classical fail-safe N, respectively., Results: In total, we identified 252 articles reporting 268 studies with unique samples. These studies investigated relationships between screen time and health issues of adiposity, myopia, psycho-behavioral problems, poor academic performance, cardiometabolic disease risks, sleep disorder, poor physical fitness, musculoskeletal injury, sub-health, and miscellaneous issues of height and pubertal growth, injury, sick leave, and respiratory symptoms. Proportions of studies reporting positive relationships with screen time were lowest in adiposity (50.6%) and higher in myopia (59.2%) and psycho-behavioral problems (81.8%). Other health issues were examined in 10 or less studies, all of which had more than half showing positive relationships. The pooled odds ratio from 19 studies comparing health risks with the screen time cutoff of 2 hours per day was 1.40 (95% CI: 1.31 to 1.50, I2 = 85.9%). The pooled effect size was 1.29 (95% CI: 1.20 to 1.39) after trimming 7 studies for publication bias adjustments., Conclusions: Findings exclusively generated from Chinese school-aged children and adolescents resonate those mainly from western countries. Evidence suggests that higher levels of screen time are related with greater risks of various health issues, although the relationships appear to be weak and intertwined with other confounding factors. Future studies need to investigate health-specific dose effects and mechanisms of screen time., (© 2022. The Author(s).)- Published
- 2022
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147. Eating green for health or social benefits? Interactions of attitudes with self-identity on the consumption of vegetarian meals among U.S. and Chinese college students.
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Zhang M, Zhang Y, Hallman WK, and Williams JD
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- Attitude, China, Humans, Meals, Students, Diet, Vegetarian, Vegetarians
- Abstract
Encouraging greater consumption of vegetarian foods could be a strategy to improve plant-based food intake among non-vegetarians. Prior research on vegetarianism has focused mostly on people's motivations to be a vegetarian. However, the factors that motivate non-vegetarians to consume vegetarian meals remain largely unknown. The current research tested associations between attitudes, self-identity, and vegetarian meal consumption among 746 U.S. college students and 484 Chinese college students. Two types of attitudes were assessed: attitudes towards vegetarian food (ATF), which represents the personal benefits (including healthiness, tastiness, and enjoyableness) and attitudes towards people who are vegetarians (ATP), which represents the social benefits (perceived as being environmentally friendly, nice, and good-looking). Results showed that U.S. college students were more likely to be either vegetarians or non-vegetarians, while more Chinese college students tended to report being semi-vegetarians. In both samples, ATF and ATP were positively associated with self-identity and vegetarian meal consumption. Moderation analyses suggested that associations between attitudes and consumption were significant only among people who do not hold a definite self-identity as a vegetarian. In addition, ATP was significantly associated with vegetarian meal consumption among U.S. non- and semi-vegetarians alike, but among Chinese non-vegetarians only. These findings suggest that self-identity and cross-cultural differences are important to consider in promoting consumption of vegetarian meals through improving the public's attitudes towards vegetarian food and vegetarians., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2021
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148. 14-3-3ζ: A suppressor of inflammatory arthritis.
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Kim J, Chun K, McGowan J, Zhang Y, Czernik PJ, Mell B, Joe B, Chattopadhyay S, Holoshitz J, and Chakravarti R
- Subjects
- 14-3-3 Proteins genetics, 14-3-3 Proteins immunology, Animals, Antibodies, Arthritis genetics, Arthritis metabolism, Bone Density, Bone Diseases metabolism, Bone Diseases prevention & control, Collagen metabolism, Collagen toxicity, Female, Freund's Adjuvant pharmacology, Gene Deletion, Gene Expression Regulation drug effects, Gene Expression Regulation immunology, Immunization, Passive, Male, Mesenchymal Stem Cells drug effects, RNA, Messenger genetics, RNA, Messenger metabolism, Rats, Terpenes toxicity, 14-3-3 Proteins metabolism, 14-3-3 Proteins pharmacology, Arthritis chemically induced, Inflammation drug therapy
- Abstract
Inflammatory arthritis (IA) is a common disease that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Proinflammatory events during IA pathogenesis are well studied; however, loss of protective immunity remains underexplored. Earlier, we reported that 14-3-3zeta (ζ) has a role in T-cell polarization and interleukin (IL)-17A signal transduction. Here, we demonstrate that 14-3-3ζ knockout (KO) rats develop early-onset severe arthritis in two independent models of IA, pristane-induced arthritis and collagen-induced arthritis. Arthritic 14-3-3ζ KO animals showed an increase in bone loss and immune cell infiltration in synovial joints. Induction of arthritis coincided with the loss of anti-14-3-3ζ antibodies; however, rescue experiments to supplement the 14-3-3ζ antibody by passive immunization did not suppress arthritis. Instead, 14-3-3ζ immunization during the presymptomatic phase resulted in significant suppression of arthritis in both wild-type and 14-3-3ζ KO animals. Mechanistically, 14-3-3ζ KO rats exhibited elevated inflammatory gene signatures at the messenger RNA and protein levels, particularly for IL-1β. Furthermore, the immunization with recombinant 14-3-3ζ protein suppressed IL-1β levels, significantly increased anti-14-3-3ζ antibody levels and collagen production, and preserved bone quality. The 14-3-3ζ protein increased collagen expression in primary rat mesenchymal cells. Together, our findings indicate that 14-3-3ζ causes immune suppression and extracellular remodeling, which lead to a previously unrecognized IA-suppressive function., Competing Interests: Competing interest statement: R.C. and B.J. hold a US patent related to the study. J.H. is an Inventor of Regents of the University of Michigan–owned technologies that are licensed to Zydus-Cadila, to whom he is an unpaid consultant.
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- 2021
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149. Intrinsic Exercise Capacity and Mitochondrial DNA Lead to Opposing Vascular-Associated Risks.
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Roy S, Edwards JM, Tomcho JC, Schreckenberger Z, Bearss NR, Zhang Y, Morgan EE, Cheng X, Spegele AC, Vijay-Kumar M, McCarthy CG, Koch LG, Joe B, and Wenceslau CF
- Subjects
- Male, Humans, Female, Animals, Rats, Exercise Tolerance, Adipose Tissue, Hemodynamics, DNA, Mitochondrial genetics, Running physiology
- Abstract
Exercise capacity is a strong predictor of all-cause morbidity and mortality in humans. However, the associated hemodynamic traits that link this valuable indicator to its subsequent disease risks are numerable. Additionally, exercise capacity has a substantial heritable component and genome-wide screening indicates a vast amount of nuclear and mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) markers are significantly associated with traits of physical performance. A long-term selection experiment in rats confirms a divide for cardiovascular risks between low- and high-capacity runners (LCR and HCR, respectively), equipping us with a preclinical animal model to uncover new mechanisms. Here, we evaluated the LCR and HCR rat model system for differences in vascular function at the arterial resistance level. Consistent with the known divide between health and disease, we observed that LCR rats present with resistance artery and perivascular adipose tissue dysfunction compared to HCR rats that mimic qualities important for health, including improved vascular relaxation. Uniquely, we show by generating conplastic strains, which LCR males with mtDNA of female HCR (LCR-mt
HCR /Tol) present with improved vascular function. Conversely, HCR-mtLCR /Tol rats displayed indices for cardiac dysfunction. The outcome of this study suggests that the interplay between the nuclear genome and the maternally inherited mitochondrial genome with high intrinsic exercise capacity is a significant factor for improved vascular physiology, and animal models developed on an interaction between nuclear and mtDNA are valuable new tools for probing vascular risk factors in the offspring., (© The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of American Physiological Society.)- Published
- 2021
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150. Development of a Survey to Assess Latino Fathers' Parenting Practices Regarding Energy Balance-Related Behaviors of Early Adolescents.
- Author
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Zhang Y, Reyes Peralta A, Arellano Roldan Brazys P, Hurtado GA, Larson N, and Reicks M
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Female, Focus Groups, Health Behavior, Humans, Male, Pediatric Obesity prevention & control, Poverty, Surveys and Questionnaires, Diet, Healthy, Exercise physiology, Fathers statistics & numerical data, Hispanic or Latino statistics & numerical data, Parenting psychology, Screen Time
- Abstract
Latino adolescents face challenges to performing energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs) to prevent childhood obesity, including healthy dietary intake, adequate physical activity, and limited screen time. Fathers are underrepresented in family-based obesity interventions but could be influential in shaping the EBRBs of Latino children. Three types of parenting practices (setting expectations/limits, role modeling, managing availability and accessibility) have shown relatively consistent positive relationships with children's EBRBs in studies that have mostly involved mothers. The purpose of this study was to develop measures to assess Latino fathers' parenting practices based on existing measurement instruments, focus groups and cognitive testing. Criterion validity of the measures (40 items) was examined with Latino fathers and their early adolescents (10-14 years old, n = 96 dyads) who were predominantly from low-income, two-parent households. Criterion validity was indicated by significantly higher intakes of fruit and vegetables; lower intakes of sugar-sweetened beverages, sweets/salty snacks and fast foods; more weekly physical activity hours; and fewer daily screen time hours among adolescents who reported high versus low levels/frequencies of supportive parenting practices. In addition, nearly all scales of adolescent-reported paternal behavioral modeling and availability/accessibility practices were significantly correlated with adolescents' corresponding EBRBs (r = 0.22 to 0.54). However, poor validity and agreement with early adolescents' reports were found for most father-reported parenting practices. Overall, this study indicated that the measures were acceptable for assessing adolescents' report of Latino fathers' parenting practices around EBRBs. The findings also indicate the importance of including early adolescents' reports in measuring paternal parenting practices.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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