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To improve agricultural production efficiency, increase farmers' income, and promote sustainable development, we established a multi-objective optimisation model for crop planting structure in an irrigation area using the grey wolf optimisation (GWO) algorithm to comprehensively consider the resource, economic, and social objectives associated with agriculture. This model was subsequently applied to obtain the optimal planting structure in the southern bank of the Xiaolangdi Reservoir irrigation area in Henan Province, China. The planting areas of wheat, corn, autumn miscellaneous, and economic crops are 30,417; 25,050; 7157; and 1789 hm2, respectively. The irrigation water is 8292.66 × 104 m3, output value of crops is 105,721.37 × 104 CNY, and crop yield is 34,280.31 × 104 kg. Different solutions are used to solve the model to evaluate the results, and the order degree entropy method is used to evaluate and compare the results of multiple solutions. The optimisation scheme obtained with this model is consistent with the evaluation results of the cooperative game optimisation scheme, and the relative order degree entropy is 0.136, which is better than that in other schemes. Thus, the optimisation scheme of crop planting structure obtained via GWO comprehensively considers irrigation water consumption, economic benefits, and crop yield, which ensures coordinated development of resource, economic, and social systems and is conducive to promoting the benign development of the whole irrigation area system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The high electronic conductivity and tailorable structural properties of MXene materials make them promising candidates for energy storage. However, their poor chemical instability and self‐stacking effect greatly limit their application, especially in aqueous systems. Here, using a eutectic etching approach, hydroxylated borophene is used as a trifunctional mediator to construct robust Ti3C2Tx‐based MXene/B self‐assembled film electrodes for zinc‐ion capacitors (ZICs). Due to this mediator, the as‐formed strong interfacial binding within the heterostructure can give rise to an integrated modification effect and promote high‐efficiency interface energy storage. One is to strengthen the thermodynamic stability of local Ti─O bonds and inhibit the irreversible degradation of MXene; two is to enlarge the interface space of the MXene electrode and boost the ion transport; three is to improve the interfacial Zn2+ trapping ability without affecting Zn2+ migration on the MXene surface. Thus, the MXene/B electrode exhibits a high areal capacitance (537.9 mF cm−2) at a current density of 0.2 mA cm−2 and an extraordinary cycling stability at 1 mA cm−2, with 99.64% retention after 40 000 cycles, which far surpasses that of most previous reports. This work provides a pathway for overcoming the interface storage limit of MXene electrodes to construct high‐performance ZICs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) hold great potential for grid‐scale energy storage systems, owing to their intrinsic safety and low cost. Nevertheless, their industrialization faces challenges of severe Zn dendrites and parasitic reactions. In this study, sulfonated cellulose separator (denoted as CF‐SO3) with low thickness, exceptional mechanical strength, and large ionic conductivity is developed. Benefiting from the electrostatic repulsion between ─SO3− functional groups and SO42− anions and the strongly interaction between ─SO3− and Zn2+ cations, the migration of SO42− anions can be restricted, the 2D diffusion of Zn2+ ions at the surface of Zn electrode can be suppressed, and the desolvation of hydrated Zn2+ ions can be promoted. Concurrently, the homogeneous nanochannels within CF‐SO3 separator can ensure uniform electric field and Zn2+ ion flux. With these benefits, the CF‐SO3 separator enables Zn//Zn cells to run stably for 1200 h at 4 mAh cm−2 by facilitating oriented and dendrite‐free Zn deposition. Under a large depth of discharge of 68.3%, a life span of 400 h can still be achieved. Additionally, the reliability of CF‐SO3 separator is confirmed in Zn//MnO2 and Zn//H11Al2V6O23.2 full batteries with high mass loading conditions. This work provides valuable guidance for the advancement of high‐performance separators of AZIBs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, lithium ions inserted crystalline carbon nitrides (LCCN) with different defect concentrations are prepared by elaborately regulating the mass transfer process in thermal polymerization. It is revealed that there is no conventional exciton–polarons‐induced exciton dissociation mechanism in LCCN due to the weak coupling between excitons and phonons. On the contrary, excitons continue to trap/detrap through defect‐induced traps, which weakens the Coulomb force between electron–hole pairs, thereby accelerating exciton dissociation. It is worth emphasizing that this is the first systematic research on the exciton dissociation characteristics and photocatalytic activity of LCCN of poly(heptazine imide) structure. A strategy of assisting exciton dissociation through defect‐induced traps to address the inherently high exciton binding energy and low exciton dissociation efficiency issues in polymer photocatalysts is proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aqueous zinc‐ion batteries (AZIBs) suffer from rampant Zn dendrites growth, corrosion and sluggish transport kinetics, all of which have a serious impact on their performance and practical applications. Therefore, porous carbon nanofibers (BTO@PCNFs) loaded with BaTiO3 nanoparticles (BTO NPs) are constructed as a multifunctional interlayer for stabilizing the Zn anodes. Owing to the synergistic effect of BTO NPs and 3D porous carbon framework, this interlayer can achieve uniform electric field distribution, accelerate Zn2+ migration, and promote ion flux homogenization, thus leading to uniform Zn deposition. Meanwhile, the BTO@PCNFs interlayer demonstrates excellent anti‐corrosion effect, which can effectively prevent the side reactions. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of interlayers, the BTO@PCNFs multifunctional interlayers achieve a comprehensive optimization of the Zn anodes. The BTO@PCNFs‐Zn electrode exhibits lower nucleation overpotential (33.5 mV) at 0.5 mA cm−2. The Zn//Zn symmetrical cell with BTO@PCNFs interlayer exhibits ultra‐low overpotential (14 mV) and ultra‐long cycle life (5250 h at 0.5 mA cm−2). Even at high current density (30 mA cm−2), the BTO@PCNFs‐Zn electrode can be stably cycled for more than 830 h, achieving an ultra‐high cumulative capacity of 12 450 mAh cm−2. The multifunctional interlayers can provide a reference for the design of high‐performance Zn anodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Statistics has played an increasingly important role in applied linguistics research. However, little research has been available that sheds light on statistical literacy among early‐career researchers of applied linguistics. The study reported in this article surveyed statistical literacy, attitudes toward statistics, and statistics self‐efficacy among Chinese applied linguistics research students and further examined the inter‐variable relationships. Based on analyses of the cross‐sectional survey of 211 master's students, we found that: (1) the students' overall statistical literacy was not satisfying; (2) although they thought positively of statistics, they were not particularly confident with statistics; (3) the three experience‐related variables—the number of statistics courses taken, quantitative research orientation, and self‐training—were important predictors of statistical literacy, attitudes toward statistics, and statistics self‐efficacy; and (4) statistics self‐efficacy seemed to mediate the relationship between attitudes toward statistics and statistical literacy. We discussed these findings in relation to improving statistics courses in applied linguistics program in China and to statistics learning and teaching. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One‐step separation of C2H4 from ternary gas mixtures containing acetylene (C2H2), ethylene (C2H4), and carbon dioxide (CO2) represents a great challenge in chemical industry. Herein, we report the electro‐field alignment in a novel anion‐pillared MOF (SIFSIX‐TEPE‐Cu) for benchmark C2H4 separation from C2H2/CO2/C2H4 gas mixtures. The semi‐cage cavities featuring capped facets generated negative potentials along anion pillars and compensatory positive‐charged electro‐fields along organic ligands (TEPE) that facilitate specific recognitions of C2H2 and CO2 over C2H4. As a result, SIFSIX‐TEPE‐Cu exhibits high adsorption capacities for C2H2 (123 cm3 g−1) and CO2 (65 cm3 g−1) at 1.0 bar and 298 K. Notably, the record‐high C2H2 uptake (78 cm3 g−1) at 0.01 bar and remarkable C2H2/C2H4 selectivity (615.2) renders benchmark trace C2H2 removal ability. Dynamic breakthrough experiments demonstrate the benchmark productivity for high‐purity C2H4 (>99.995%) of 194.7 mol kg−1 and 5.96 mol kg−1 from binary C2H2/C2H4 (1/99, v/v) and ternary C2H2/CO2/C2H4 (1/9/90, v/v/v) gas mixtures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]