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104. Role of Proxy Respondents in International Stroke Research: Experience of the INTERSTROKE Study

Author

Costello, Maria M., primary, Judge, Conor, additional, Reddin, Catriona, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Langhorne, Peter, additional, Zhang, Hongye, additional, Iversen, Helle K., additional, Xavier, Denis, additional, Smyth, Andrew, additional, Canavan, Michelle D., additional, Yusuf, Salim, additional, and O’Donnell, Martin J., additional

Published
2022
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109. Alcohol Intake as a Risk Factor for Acute Stroke: The INTERSTROKE Study.

Author

Smyth, Andrew, O'Donnell, Martin, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Hankey, Graeme J., Oveisgharan, Shahram, Canavan, Michelle, McDermott, Clodagh, Xavier, Denis, Zhang, Hongye, Damasceno, Albertino, Avezum, Alvaro, Pogosova, Nana, Oguz, Aytekin, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Iversen, Helle Klingenberg, Lanas, Fernando, Rosengren, Annika, Yusuf, Salim, and Langhorne, Peter

Published
2023
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111. Risk factors for ischaemic and intracerebral haemorrhagic stroke in 22 countries (the INTERSTROKE study): a case-control study

Author

O'Donnell, Martin J, Xavier, Denis, Liu, Lisheng, Zhang, Hongye, Chin, Siu Lim, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Islam, Shofiqul, Pais, Prem, McQueen, Matthew J, Mondo, Charles, Damasceno, Albertino, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Hankey, Graeme J, Dans, Antonio L, Yusoff, Khalid, Truelsen, Thomas, Diener, Hans-Christoph, Sacco, Ralph L, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Czlonkowska, Anna, Weimar, Christian, Wang, Xingyu, and Yusuf, Salim

Published
2010
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123. Fruit, vegetable, and legume intake and the risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality: A prospective study

Author

Liu, Weida, primary, Hu, Bo, additional, Dehghan, Mahshid, additional, Mente, Andrew, additional, Wang, Chuangshi, additional, Yan, Ruohua, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Tse, Lap Ah, additional, Yusuf, Salim, additional, Liu, Xiaoyun, additional, Wang, Yang, additional, Qiang, Deren, additional, Hu, Lihua, additional, Han, Aiying, additional, Tang, Xincheng, additional, Liu, Lisheng, additional, Li, Wei, additional, Chen, Chunming, additional, Zhao, Wenhua, additional, Yin, Lu, additional, Zhu, Jun, additional, Liang, Yan, additional, Sun, Yi, additional, Deng, Qing, additional, Jia, Xuan, additional, He, Xinye, additional, Zhang, Hongye, additional, Bo, Jian, additional, Wang, Xingyu, additional, Liu, Xu, additional, Gao, Nan, additional, Bai, Xiulin, additional, Yao, Chenrui, additional, Cheng, Xiaoru, additional, Li, Sidong, additional, Liu, Weida, additional, Lang, Xinyue, additional, Zhu, Yibing, additional, Xie, Liya, additional, Liu, Zhiguang, additional, Ren, Yingjuan, additional, Dai, Xi, additional, Gao, Liuning, additional, Wang, Liping, additional, Su, Yuxuan, additional, Han, Guoliang, additional, Song, Rui, additional, Cao, Zhuangni, additional, Sun, Yaya, additional, Li, Xiangrong, additional, Wang, Jing, additional, Wang, Li, additional, Peng, Ya, additional, Li, Xiaoqing, additional, Li, Ling, additional, Wang, Jia, additional, Zou, Jianmei, additional, Gao, Fan, additional, Tian, Shaofang, additional, Liu, Lifu, additional, Li, Yongmei, additional, Bi, Yanhui, additional, Li, Xin, additional, Zhang, Anran, additional, Wu, Dandan, additional, Cheng, Ying, additional, Xiao, Yize, additional, Lu, Fanghong, additional, Li, Yindong, additional, Hou, Yan, additional, Zhang, Liangqing, additional, Guo, Baoxia, additional, Liao, Xiaoyang, additional, Chen, Di, additional, Zhang, Peng, additional, Li, Ning, additional, Ma, Xiaolan, additional, Lei, Rensheng, additional, Fu, Minfan, additional, Liu, Yu, additional, Xing, Xiaojie, additional, Yang, Youzhu, additional, Zhao, Shenghu, additional, Xiang, Quanyong, additional, Tang, Jinhua, additional, Liu, Zhengrong, additional, Li, Xiaoxia, additional, Xu, Zhengting, additional, Aideeraili, Ayoupu, additional, and Zhao, Qian, additional

Published
2021
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124. Renal Impairment and Risk of Acute Stroke : The INTERSTROKE Study

Author

Smyth, Andrew, Judge, Conor, Wang, Xingyu, Pare, Guillaume, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Canavan, Michelle, Chin, Siu Lim, Al-Hussain, F., Yusufali, Afzalhussein, ElSayed, Ahmed, Damasceno, Albertino, Avezum, Alvaro, Czlonkowska, Anna, Rosengren, Annika, Dans, Antonio, Oguz, Aytekin, Mondo, Charles, Weimar, Christian, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Xavier, Denis, Lanas, Fernando, Malaga, German, Hankey, Graeme J., Iversen, Helle K., Zhang, Hongye, Yusoff, Khalid, Pogosova, Nana, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Langhorne, Peter, Diaz, Rafael, Oveisgharan, Shahram, Yusuf, Salim, O’Donnell, Martin J., The INTERSTROKE investigators, and Masira

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.02.25 [https], Epidemiology, Medizin, Renal function, purl.org/pe-repo/ocde/ford#3.03.09 [https], Odds, chemistry.chemical_compound, Risk Factors, Internal medicine, medicine, Humans, Risk factor, Stroke, Aged, Cerebral Hemorrhage, Acute stroke, Intracerebral hemorrhage, Creatinine, business.industry, Middle Aged, Kidney disease, medicine.disease, chemistry, Case-Control Studies, Female, Neurology (clinical), business, Glomerular Filtration Rate
Abstract

Digital, Background: Previous studies reported an association of renal impairment with stroke, but there are uncertainties underpinning this association. Aims: We explored if the association is explained by shared risk factors or is independent and whether there are regional or stroke subtype variations. Methods: INTERSTROKE is a case-control study and the largest international study of risk factors for first acute stroke, completed in 27 countries. We included individuals with available serum creatinine values and calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Renal impairment was defined as eGFR, Ciencias Médicas y de la Salud

Published
2021

125. Variations in knowledge, awareness and treatment of hypertension and stroke risk by country income level

Author

O'Donnell, Martin, Hankey, Graeme J., Rangarajan, Sumathy, Chin, Siu Lim, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, Ferguson, John, Xavier, Denis, Lisheng, Liu, Zhang, Hongye, Pais, Prem, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Damasceno, Albertino, Langhorne, Peter, Rosengren, Annika, Dans, Antonio L., Elsayed, Ahmed, Avezum, Alvaro, Mondo, Charles, Smyth, Andrew, Judge, Conor, Diener, Hans Christoph, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Czlonkowska, Anna, Pogosova, Nana, Weimar, Christian, Iqbal, Romana, Diaz, Rafael, Yusoff, Khalid, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Oguz, Aytekin, Wang, Xingyu, Penaherrera, Ernesto, Lanas, Fernando, Ogah, Okechukwu Samuel, Ogunniyi, Adensola, Iversen, Helle K., Malaga, German, Rumboldt, Zvonko, Oveisgharan, Shahram, Alhussain, Fawaz, Daliwonga, Magazi, Nilanont, Yongchai, Yusuf, Salim, O'Donnell, Martin, Hankey, Graeme J., Rangarajan, Sumathy, Chin, Siu Lim, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, Ferguson, John, Xavier, Denis, Lisheng, Liu, Zhang, Hongye, Pais, Prem, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, Damasceno, Albertino, Langhorne, Peter, Rosengren, Annika, Dans, Antonio L., Elsayed, Ahmed, Avezum, Alvaro, Mondo, Charles, Smyth, Andrew, Judge, Conor, Diener, Hans Christoph, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Czlonkowska, Anna, Pogosova, Nana, Weimar, Christian, Iqbal, Romana, Diaz, Rafael, Yusoff, Khalid, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, Oguz, Aytekin, Wang, Xingyu, Penaherrera, Ernesto, Lanas, Fernando, Ogah, Okechukwu Samuel, Ogunniyi, Adensola, Iversen, Helle K., Malaga, German, Rumboldt, Zvonko, Oveisgharan, Shahram, Alhussain, Fawaz, Daliwonga, Magazi, Nilanont, Yongchai, and Yusuf, Salim

Abstract

Objective Hypertension is the most important modifiable risk factor for stroke globally. We hypothesised that country-income level variations in knowledge, detection and treatment of hypertension may contribute to variations in the association of blood pressure with stroke. Methods We undertook a standardised case-control study in 32 countries (INTERSTROKE). Cases were patients with acute first stroke (n=13 462) who were matched by age, sex and site to controls (n=13 483). We evaluated the associations of knowledge, awareness and treatment of hypertension with risk of stroke and its subtypes and whether this varied by gross national income (GNI) of country. We estimated OR and population attributable risk (PAR) associated with treated and untreated hypertension. Results Hypertension was associated with a graded increase in OR by reducing GNI, ranging from OR 1.92 (99% CI 1.48 to 2.49) to OR 3.27 (2.72 to 3.93) for highest to lowest country-level GNI (p-heterogeneity<0.0001). Untreated hypertension was associated with a higher OR for stroke (OR 5.25; 4.53 to 6.10) than treated hypertension (OR 2.60; 2.32 to 2.91) and younger age of first stroke (61.4 vs 65.4 years; p<0.01). Untreated hypertension was associated with a greater risk of intracerebral haemorrhage (OR 6.95; 5.61 to 8.60) than ischaemic stroke (OR 4.76; 3.99 to 5.68). The PAR associated with untreated hypertension was higher in lower-income regions, PAR 36.3%, 26.3%, 19.8% to 10.4% by increasing GNI of countries. Lifetime non-measurement of blood pressure was associated with stroke (OR 1.80; 1.32 to 2.46). Conclusions Deficits in knowledge, detection and treatment of hypertension contribute to higher risk of stroke, younger age of onset and larger proportion of intracerebral haemorrhage in lower-income countries.

Published
2021

126. Renal Impairment and Risk of Acute Stroke:The INTERSTROKE Study

Author

Smyth, Andrew, Judge, Conor, Wang, Xingu, Pare, Guillaume, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Canavan, Michelle, Chin, Siu Lim, Al-Hussain, Fawaz, Yusufali, Afzalhussein M., Elsayed, Ahmed, Damasceno, Albertino, Avezum, Alvaro, Czlonkowska, Anna, Rosengren, Annika, Dans, Antonio L., Oguz, Aytekin, Mondo, Charles, Weimar, Christian, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Xavier, Denis, Lanas, Fernando, Malaga, German, Hankey, Graeme J., Iversen, Helle K., Zhang, Hongye, Yusoff, Khalid, Pogosova, Nana, Lopez-Jamarillo, Patricio, Langhorne, Peter, Diaz, Rafael, Oveisgharan, Shahram, Yusuf, Salim, O'Donnell, Martin, Smyth, Andrew, Judge, Conor, Wang, Xingu, Pare, Guillaume, Rangarajan, Sumathy, Canavan, Michelle, Chin, Siu Lim, Al-Hussain, Fawaz, Yusufali, Afzalhussein M., Elsayed, Ahmed, Damasceno, Albertino, Avezum, Alvaro, Czlonkowska, Anna, Rosengren, Annika, Dans, Antonio L., Oguz, Aytekin, Mondo, Charles, Weimar, Christian, Ryglewicz, Danuta, Xavier, Denis, Lanas, Fernando, Malaga, German, Hankey, Graeme J., Iversen, Helle K., Zhang, Hongye, Yusoff, Khalid, Pogosova, Nana, Lopez-Jamarillo, Patricio, Langhorne, Peter, Diaz, Rafael, Oveisgharan, Shahram, Yusuf, Salim, and O'Donnell, Martin

Abstract

Background: Previous studies reported an association of renal impairment with stroke, but there are uncertainties underpinning this association. Aims: We explored if the association is explained by shared risk factors or is independent and whether there are regional or stroke subtype variations. Methods: INTERSTROKE is a case-control study and the largest international study of risk factors for first acute stroke, completed in 27 countries. We included individuals with available serum creatinine values and calculated estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Renal impairment was defined as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Multivariable conditional logistic regression was used to determine the association of renal function with stroke. Results: Of 21,127 participants, 41.0% were female, the mean age was 62.3 ± 13.4 years, and the mean eGFR was 79.9 ± 23.5 mL/min/1.73 m2. The prevalence of renal impairment was higher in cases (22.9% vs. 17.7%, p < 0.001) and differed by region (p < 0.001). After adjustment, lower eGFR was associated with increased odds of stroke. Renal impairment was associated with increased odds of all stroke (OR 1.35; 95% CI: 1.24-1.47), with higher odds for intracerebral hemorrhage (OR 1.60; 95% CI: 1.35-1.89) than ischemic stroke (OR 1.29; 95% CI: 1.17-1.42) (pinteraction 0.12). The largest magnitudes of association were seen in younger participants and those living in Africa, South Asia, or South America (pinteraction < 0.001 for all stroke). Renal impairment was also associated with poorer clinical outcome (RRR 2.97; 95% CI: 2.50-3.54 for death within 1 month). Conclusion: Renal impairment is an important risk factor for stroke, particularly in younger patients, and is associated with more severe stroke and worse outcomes.

Published
2021

138. Insulation Defect Detection Method for Disconnecting Switches Based on Time-frequency Analysis of 3D Electric Fields

Author

Cheng, Lin, Zhang, Hongye, Yi, Tongqiang, Xie, Yanzhao, Feng, Simeng, and Liu, Xiang

Subjects
defect detection, switching operations, transiently radiated E-field, disconnecting switch, time-frequency analysis
Abstract

Previous studies have shown that the waveform characteristics of the transiently radiated fields generated by switching operations in the external space of gas insulated substations (GIS) can reflect the operating state of a switch. In order to verify the idea that the feature analysis of the transiently switching electric fields (E-fields) can be applied to the fault diagnosis of the switch, based on the disconnecting switch(DS) test platform of China Electric Power Research Institute, we measured the transiently spatial switching E-fields under different working states by using a non-invasive 3D radiation E-field measurement system. Then, the correlation between the characteristics of the switching E-fields and the functioning status, including normal working state, inner point discharge and external point discharge was respectively established. The results show that the detailed waveform and the characteristic frequency distribution of the switching E-field pulses under insulation defects obviously differ from the case of normal operating state. Thus, the insulation fault detection for DS can be realized by monitoring and analyzing the transient E-fields due to switching operations. The research provides a new idea for the fault diagnosis domain with respect to switchgear such as DS.

Published
2020

139. Development and Application of Simulator for Transient Radiation Field of GIS Switching Operation

Author

Zhang, Hongye, Xie, Yanzhao, Zhou, Yi, and Qiu, Yangxin

Subjects
terminals, transient radiation field of switching operation, PCB, digital, online monitoring, multi-level effect, GIS, CAN bus
Abstract

With the digitization and intellectualization of gas insulated substations (GIS), secondary device such as online monitoring digital terminals are put into the switchyard and can possibly be influenced by the transient radiation field of GIS switch operation. In order to clarify the immunity of online monitoring digital terminals to transient radiation field of GIS switch operation, and to improve the online monitoring testing project in GB/T 17626.10-2017,this paper developed a simulator for transient radiation field environment of GIS switch operation. Then, based on this experiment platform, a radiation effect experiment was conducted on the PCB-level digital component and CAN bus, which proved that the radiation field of GIS switch operation could cause strong electromagnetic interference to online monitoring digital terminal device. The research results provide a reference for improving the test platform for the access of online monitoring equipment.

Published
2020

140. Impacts of China's rural land policy and administration on rural economy and grain production

Author

Zhang, Hongye, Li, Xiaofeng, and Shao, Xiaomei

Subjects
China -- Social policy -- Economic aspects -- Agricultural policy, Land law -- Interpretation and construction -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Analysis -- Economic aspects, Rural land use -- Laws, regulations and rules -- Economic aspects -- Analysis, Grain -- Production management -- Economic aspects -- Analysis -- Laws, regulations and rules, Government regulation, Political science, Social sciences
Abstract

The distinctive changes in China's rural land policy and administration have exerted significant impacts on China's rural socioeconomic development and grain production, either positively or negatively. This article reviews the changes of China's rural land policy and administration in the recent 5 decades. After the land reform accomplished in 1952 and the people's commune system implemented during 1952-1978, China adopted a house responsibility system, which was proven to be effective for increasing grain output and peasants' income. Yet, it preserved the urban-rural dichotomous economy, formed in the people's commune era, which placed agriculture in a secondary position. The low efficiency in agricultural production and the small-scale household management, under the current rural land policy and administration, stimulated the transfers of agricultural laborers to the nonagricultural sectors and cultivated land to urban land. Grain production and cultivated land protection in China are conducted most times under the political mandates rather than the economic guidance. Although the previous rural land policies and the strict residence registration helped China to avoid problems prevailing in prime cities of other developing countries, compulsorily asking peasants to grow more grain and to stay in their native land resulted in outstanding social injustice, vulnerable grain production systems, and poverty in rural areas. There are also outstanding conflicts among the interests of central government, local governments, collectives, and peasant households. More flexible rural land policies and more strict cultivated land administrations could be solutions for improving the profitability of grain production and protecting the rapidly declining cultivated land. Compensations for the low profitability in grain production are also needed to encourage an increase in grain output and rural economy., Introduction China's rural land policy and rural land administrative system experienced significant changes since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949. China's rural land policy and its [...]

Published
2006

142. Variations in knowledge, awareness and treatment of hypertension and stroke risk by country income level

Author

O' Donnell, Martin, primary, Hankey, Graeme J, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Chin, Siu Lim, additional, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, additional, Ferguson, John, additional, Xavier, Denis, additional, Lisheng, Liu, additional, Zhang, Hongye, additional, Pais, Prem, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Damasceno, Albertino, additional, Langhorne, Peter, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Dans, Antonio L, additional, Elsayed, Ahmed, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Mondo, Charles, additional, Smyth, Andrew, additional, Judge, Conor, additional, Diener, Hans-Christoph, additional, Ryglewicz, Danuta, additional, Czlonkowska, Anna, additional, Pogosova, Nana, additional, Weimar, Christian, additional, Iqbal, Romana, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Yusoff, Khalid, additional, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, additional, Oguz, Aytekin, additional, Wang, Xingyu, additional, Penaherrera, Ernesto, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Ogah, Okechukwu Samuel, additional, Ogunniyi, Adensola, additional, Iversen, Helle K, additional, Malaga, German, additional, Rumboldt, Zvonko, additional, Oveisgharan, Shahram, additional, AlHussain, Fawaz, additional, Daliwonga, Magazi, additional, Nilanont, Yongchai, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional

Published
2020
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146. Urinary Sodium and Potassium, and Risk of Ischemic and Hemorrhagic Stroke (INTERSTROKE): A Case–Control Study

Author

Judge, Conor, primary, O’Donnell, Martin J, additional, Hankey, Graeme J, additional, Rangarajan, Sumathy, additional, Chin, Siu Lim, additional, Rao-Melacini, Purnima, additional, Ferguson, John, additional, Smyth, Andrew, additional, Xavier, Denis, additional, Lisheng, Liu, additional, Zhang, Hongye, additional, Lopez-Jaramillo, Patricio, additional, Damasceno, Albertino, additional, Langhorne, Peter, additional, Rosengren, Annika, additional, Dans, Antonio L, additional, Elsayed, Ahmed, additional, Avezum, Alvaro, additional, Mondo, Charles, additional, Ryglewicz, Danuta, additional, Czlonkowska, Anna, additional, Pogosova, Nana, additional, Weimar, Christian, additional, Diaz, Rafael, additional, Yusoff, Khalid, additional, Yusufali, Afzalhussein, additional, Oguz, Aytekin, additional, Wang, Xingyu, additional, Lanas, Fernando, additional, Ogah, Okechukwu S, additional, Ogunniyi, Adesola, additional, Iversen, Helle K, additional, Malaga, German, additional, Rumboldt, Zvonko, additional, Oveisgharan, Shahram, additional, Al Hussain, Fawaz, additional, and Yusuf, Salim, additional

Published
2020
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