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Objective To investigate the effect of ultrasound-guided serratus anterior plane block (SAPB) combined with erector spinae plane block (ESPB) on intraoperative opioid consumption and postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing video-assisted thoracoscopic (VAST) lobectomy. Methods A total of 120 patients undergoing elective VAST lobectomy were randomized into 4 groups before the operation. After general anesthesia, the patients were given ESPB (E group), SAPB (S group), SAPB+ESPB (SE group) and general anesthesia only (G group). All the patients received patient-controlled intravenous analgesia (PCIA) after the operation. The amount of intraoperative opioid consumption, postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores at rest and when coughing, and adverse events and complications associated with analgesia were recorded in all the cases. Results Compared with those in G group, the postoperative VAS scores were significantly lower in the other 3 groups (P < 0.05); the scores were significantly lower in S and SE groups than in E group (P < 0.05), but showed no significant difference between SE and S groups (P>0.05). The intraoperative consumption of opioids, duration of PACU stay and sedation irritability score were all significantly lower or shorter in E, S and SE groups than in G group (P < 0.01). The incidence of postoperative nausea, vomiting and pulmonary complications did not differ significantly among the 4 groups (P>0.05). The mean length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in E, S and SE groups than in G group, and was significantly shorter in SE group than in E group (P < 0.05), but showed no significant difference between S and SE groups or between E and S groups (P>0.05), although SE group had a shorter hospital stay than S group by 0.76 d. Conclusion Ultrasound-guided SAPB, ESPB, and particularly their combination can reduce the intraoperative dose of opioids during VAST lobectomy, lower the incidence of delirium in PACU and shorten the duration of PACU stay without increasing adverse reactions to promote the patients' early recovery and discharge.

Land surface models (LSMs) should have reliable forcing, validation, and surface attribute data as the foundation for effective model development and improvement. Eddy covariance flux tower data are considered the benchmarking data for LSMs. However, currently available flux tower datasets often require multiple aspects of processing to ensure data quality before application to LSMs. More importantly, these datasets lack site-observed attribute data, limiting their use as benchmarking data. Here, we conducted a comprehensive quality screening of the existing reprocessed flux tower dataset, including the proportion of gap-filled data, external disturbances, and energy balance closure (EBC), leading to 90 high-quality sites. For these sites, we collected vegetation, soil, topography information, and wind speed measurement height from literature, regional networks, and Biological, Ancillary, Disturbance, and Metadata (BADM) files. Then we obtained the final flux tower attribute dataset by global data product complement and plant functional types (PFTs) classification. This dataset is provided in NetCDF format complete with necessary descriptions and reference sources. Model simulations revealed substantial disparities in output between the attribute data observed at the site and the defaults of the model, underscoring the critical role of site-observed attribute data and increasing the emphasis on flux tower attribute data in the LSM community. The dataset addresses the lack of site attribute data to some extent, reduces uncertainty in LSMs data source, and aids in diagnosing parameter as well as process deficiencies. The dataset is available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10939725 (Shi et al., 2024). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

P2-Na0.67Ni0.33Mn0.67O2 (NNMO) is regarded as a promising cathode candidate for sodium-ion batteries due to its high energy density. However, the electrochemical performance is hindered by Na+/vacancy order, irreversible P2–O2 phase transition at high voltage (>4.2 V), and harmful oxygen evolution. Herein, a synergetic Zn and Ti co-incorporation tactic is proposed for designing a Na0.67Ni0.29Zn0.04Mn0.63Ti0.04O2 (NNZMTO) cathode to overcome the above-mentioned challenges. First, the incorporated Ti heteroatom could break down Na+/vacancy order of NNMO by taking advantage of a similar ionic radius and substantially different Fermi levels with host Mn atom. Subsequently, the introduced Zn heteroatom could induce local Na–O–Zn configurations, buffer interlayer O2−–O2− electrostatic repulsion, as well as inhibit unfavorable phase transition. Moreover, the d10 band of Zn is lower than the oxygen states, and the Zn behaves like an s/p metal with oxygen, thus avoiding O2 release. Notably, in comparison with highly oxidized (Ni4+/Mn4+O6)δ− octahedron, the partial Na+ for charge neutrality in alkali metal layers could be well maintained in the as-designed (Zn2+/Ti4+O6)δ′−, which could be served as "pillars" to avoid layer gliding and structural collapse in the c-direction. As a result, an excellent electrochemical performance with high specific capacity of 90.9 mA h g−1 at 7 C could be retained for NNZMTO thanks to the synergetic effect from Ti and Zn incorporation. This study provides deep insights for designing superior layered cathode via conducting a rational cations co-incorporation strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Portulaca oleracea L. (purslane) is a food and a traditional drug worldwide. It exhibits anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, anti-tumor, and anti-diabetic bioactivities; but its activity on diabetic-associated endothelial dysfunction is unknown. This study aimed to investigate the effect of purslane on endothelial function and the underlying mechanisms. Male C57BL/6 mice had 14-week ad libitum access to a high-fat rodent diet containing 60% kcal% fat to induce obesity and diabetes whereas purslane extract (200 mg/kg/day) was administered during the last 4 weeks via intragastric gavage. Primary rat aortic endothelial cells and isolated mouse aortas were cultured with a risk factor, high glucose or tunicamycin, together with purslane extract. By ESI-QTOF-MS/MS, flavonoids and their glycoside products were identified in the purslane extract. Exposure to high glucose or tunicamycin impaired acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxations in aortas and induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and oxidative stress with the downregulation of 5′ AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/ endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling. Co-incubation with purslane significantly ameliorated these impairments. The effects of purslane were abolished by Compound C (AMPK inhibitor). Four-week purslane treatment ameliorated aortic relaxations, ER stress, and oxidative stress in diabetic obese mice. This study supported that purslane protected endothelial function, and inhibited ER stress and oxidative stress in vasculature through AMPK/eNOS activation, revealing its therapeutic potential against vascular complications in diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The light‐soaking (LS) effect has been reported to limit the accuracy and stability of device power output of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) and it is significant to develop effective approaches and strategies to eliminate the LS effect in PSCs. There are very few reports on suppressing the LS effect in CsPbI2Br‐based all‐inorganic PSCs. Herein, a method to eliminate the LS effect by synchronous passivation of anionic and cationic defects in CsPbI2Br perovskite film is demonstrated. The 4‐(chlorosulfonyl)benzoic acid (CSBA) is added into perovskite precursor and the in situ generation of I3− effectively passivates the anionic halogen vacancy defects in CsPbI2Br. In the meantime, the Lewis base groups on CSBA coordinate with Cs+ and Pb2+ to passivate the cationic defects. This zwitterionic passivation effect of CSBA remarkably cuts off the path of defect‐induced charge recombination and thus eliminates the LS effect. This work offers a deep opinion for future researchers to modulate the LS effect of all‐inorganic PSCs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]