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The construction cost business mainly includes the preparation of bill of quantities, the preparation of the tender control price, settlement auditing, and the whole-process cost management. Specifically, bill of quantities is the basic document of the bidder’s unified quotation provided by the tenderer. The tender control price is the maximum construction cost limited by the bidder on the proposed construction project, which is also called block bid price, bid control price or the highest quotation. The settlement auditing refers to the process of the construction enterprises handling the project price settlement with the construction unit (owner) in accordance with the contract and the completed project quantities. Generally, the construction unit entrusts a consulting agency with appropriate qualifications to calculate and review the submitted settlement until all parties perform links such as confirming the amount. The whole-process cost management is the process of investment management for all or part of the construction project from decision-making to completion.

With the development of the construction industry, new technologies and processes continue to emerge. The extensive application of Internet big data has led to the rapid development of informatization in the cost of construction. In order to meet the needs of the owners, the cost consultation has continued to include more enriched services, and the requirements for quality have increased, which requires some valuable reference data. Hence, the data accumulation of cost consultation projects has become an important task. In recent years, people began to extract data from the past to guide future investment plans, so data extraction and applications have become popular.

Two fixed-point theorems for α-admissible mappings satisfying contractive inequality of integral type with w-distance in complete metric spaces are proved. Our results extend and improve a few existing results in the literature. As applications, we use the fixed-point theorems obtained in this paper to establish solvability of nonlinear integral equations. Examples are included.

It is a critical issue of glass refractive index measurement that enhancing low contrast slit image. In order to solve this problem, the paper proposes a solution that is feasible and adaptive to enhancing low contrast image in engineering. The CLAHE algorithm is used to globally preprocess the slit image acquired by CCD in the meantime and adaptive smoothing filtering is used for filtering. The improved stretching window is used to suppress the brightness of the single line in the slit, and enhance the brightness of the slit image to improve the extraction accuracy of the single line. The experimental results show that the accuracy of glass refractive index measurement can be improved to ±5×10−6 in the case of low contrast image, which provides a new method of low brightness and low contrast for improving the measurement accuracy of V -prism refractometer and has a significant in its high precision measurement.

Image fusion is the method of merging information from many images of the same scene taken from various sensors. In this paper, a fusion method based on CLAHE and sparse representation is proposed, which can effectively extract the texture detail information of visible image and infrared image. Firstly, CLAHE and adaptive smoothing filtering is aimed to improve the contrast of the image. Sparse representation is aimed to fuse visible and infrared image. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain state-of-the-art performance than DWT and NSCT algorithm.

The Lhasa River basin is the economic and population center of Tibet and has abundant resources. Due to its harsh weather condition, high elevation, and inconvenient accessibility, few studies have focused on heavy metal distributions in this region. In the present study, to investigate the dissolved trace metal pollution and its controlling factors, 57 water samples from the Lhasa River and its tributaries were collected during three water flow regimes in 2016. The data on the dissolved fraction revealed that the Lhasa River basin appeared to have no to low pollution levels. However, the Lhasa River water showed alkaline characteristics which may affect the presence of heavy metal elements in a dissolved fraction. The concentration of heavy metal elements in colloidal or particulate matter therefore needs attention. Multivariate analyses were performed to determine the significant relationship between the data and to identify controlling factors for dissolved heavy metals in the study area. The results suggested that Mn, Cd, Cu, and Zn originated from a natural geological background, whereas Pb originated from mining drainage and As was influenced by geothermal flows. The concentration of dissolved heavy metals in the Meldromarchu tributary was greatly affected by the mining drainage water, while that in the Tolungchu tributary was greatly influenced by the geothermal water sources. This paper provides the first comprehensive analysis of dissolved heavy metal pollution characteristics and the controlling factors of pollution during the three different water flow regimes of the Lhasa River basin.