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1,239 results on '"Zeng, N."'

101. Carbon cycle uncertainty in the Alaskan Arctic

Author

Fisher, J. B., primary, Sikka, M., additional, Oechel, W. C., additional, Huntzinger, D. N., additional, Melton, J. R., additional, Koven, C. D., additional, Ahlström, A., additional, Arain, M. A., additional, Baker, I., additional, Chen, J. M., additional, Ciais, P., additional, Davidson, C., additional, Dietze, M., additional, El-Masri, B., additional, Hayes, D., additional, Huntingford, C., additional, Jain, A. K., additional, Levy, P. E., additional, Lomas, M. R., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Price, D., additional, Sahoo, A. K., additional, Schaefer, K., additional, Tian, H., additional, Tomelleri, E., additional, Verbeeck, H., additional, Viovy, N., additional, Wania, R., additional, Zeng, N., additional, and Miller, C. E., additional

Published
2014
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102. Supplementary material to "Carbon cycle uncertainty in the Alaskan Arctic"

Author

Fisher, J. B., primary, Sikka, M., additional, Oechel, W. C., additional, Huntzinger, D. N., additional, Melton, J. R., additional, Koven, C. D., additional, Ahlström, A., additional, Arain, A. M., additional, Baker, I., additional, Chen, J. M., additional, Ciais, P., additional, Davidson, C., additional, Dietze, M., additional, El-Masri, B., additional, Hayes, D., additional, Huntingford, C., additional, Jain, A., additional, Levy, P. E., additional, Lomas, M. R., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Price, D., additional, Sahoo, A. K., additional, Schaefer, K., additional, Tian, H., additional, Tomelleri, E., additional, Verbeeck, H., additional, Viovy, N., additional, Wania, R., additional, Zeng, N., additional, and Miller, C. E., additional

Published
2014
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104. Historical and idealized climate model experiments: an intercomparison of Earth system models of intermediate complexity

Author

Eby, M., Weaver, A. J., Alexander, K., Zickfeld, K., Abe-Ouchi, A., Cimatoribus, A. A., Crespin, E., Drijfhout, S. S., Edwards, N. R., Eliseev, A. V., Feulner, G., Fichefet, T., Forest, C. E., Goosse, H., Holden, P. B., Joos, F., Kawamiya, M., Kicklighter, D., Kienert, H., Matsumoto, K., Mokhov, I. I., Monier, E., Olsen, S. M., Pedersen, J. O. P., Perrette, M., Philippon-Berthier, G., Ridgwell, A., Schlosser, Anders, von Deimling, T. Schneider, Shaffer, G., Smith, R. S., Spahni, R., Sokolov, A. P., Steinacher, M., Tachiiri, K., Tokos, K., Yoshimori, M., Zeng, N., Zhao, Fei, Eby, M., Weaver, A. J., Alexander, K., Zickfeld, K., Abe-Ouchi, A., Cimatoribus, A. A., Crespin, E., Drijfhout, S. S., Edwards, N. R., Eliseev, A. V., Feulner, G., Fichefet, T., Forest, C. E., Goosse, H., Holden, P. B., Joos, F., Kawamiya, M., Kicklighter, D., Kienert, H., Matsumoto, K., Mokhov, I. I., Monier, E., Olsen, S. M., Pedersen, J. O. P., Perrette, M., Philippon-Berthier, G., Ridgwell, A., Schlosser, Anders, von Deimling, T. Schneider, Shaffer, G., Smith, R. S., Spahni, R., Sokolov, A. P., Steinacher, M., Tachiiri, K., Tokos, K., Yoshimori, M., Zeng, N., and Zhao, Fei

Published
2013

105. Supplementary material to "Trends and drivers of regional sources and sinks of carbon dioxide over the past two decades"

Author

Sitch, S., primary, Friedlingstein, P., additional, Gruber, N., additional, Jones, S. D., additional, Murray-Tortarolo, G., additional, Ahlström, A., additional, Doney, S. C., additional, Graven, H., additional, Heinze, C., additional, Huntingford, C., additional, Levis, S., additional, Levy, P. E., additional, Lomas, M., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Viovy, N., additional, Zaehle, S., additional, Zeng, N., additional, Arneth, A., additional, Bonan, G., additional, Bopp, L., additional, Canadell, J. G., additional, Chevallier, F., additional, Ciais, P., additional, Ellis, R., additional, Gloor, M., additional, Peylin, P., additional, Piao, S., additional, Le Quéré, C., additional, Smith, B., additional, Zhu, Z., additional, and Myneni, R., additional

Published
2013
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106. Trends and drivers of regional sources and sinks of carbon dioxide over the past two decades

Author

Sitch, S., primary, Friedlingstein, P., additional, Gruber, N., additional, Jones, S. D., additional, Murray-Tortarolo, G., additional, Ahlström, A., additional, Doney, S. C., additional, Graven, H., additional, Heinze, C., additional, Huntingford, C., additional, Levis, S., additional, Levy, P. E., additional, Lomas, M., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Viovy, N., additional, Zaehle, S., additional, Zeng, N., additional, Arneth, A., additional, Bonan, G., additional, Bopp, L., additional, Canadell, J. G., additional, Chevallier, F., additional, Ciais, P., additional, Ellis, R., additional, Gloor, M., additional, Peylin, P., additional, Piao, S., additional, Le Quéré, C., additional, Smith, B., additional, Zhu, Z., additional, and Myneni, R., additional

Published
2013
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107. The North American Carbon Program Multi-Scale Synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project – Part 1: Overview and experimental design

Author

Huntzinger, D. N., primary, Schwalm, C., additional, Michalak, A. M., additional, Schaefer, K., additional, King, A. W., additional, Wei, Y., additional, Jacobson, A., additional, Liu, S., additional, Cook, R. B., additional, Post, W. M., additional, Berthier, G., additional, Hayes, D., additional, Huang, M., additional, Ito, A., additional, Lei, H., additional, Lu, C., additional, Mao, J., additional, Peng, C. H., additional, Peng, S., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Riccuito, D., additional, Shi, X., additional, Tian, H., additional, Wang, W., additional, Zeng, N., additional, Zhao, F., additional, and Zhu, Q., additional

Published
2013
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108. Vegetation feedback on Sahelian rainfall variability in a coupled climate land-vegetation model

Author

Schnitzler, K., Knorr, W., Latif, M., Bader, J., and Zeng, N.

Abstract

Rainfall variability in the Sahel region shows a dramatic drying trend from the 1950s to the 1980s. Yet, most atmospheric general circulation models (AGCM) forced by observed sea surface temperatures (SSTs) were not able to reproduce the amplitude of this multi-decadal variation. Here, we investigate the sensiti- vity of Sahelian rainfall to vegetation-atmosphere interaction. We coupled the simple dynamic vegetation model (SVege) and the ECHAM4-AGCM and for- ced the system by observed SSTs. We show that vegetation-climate feedbacks amplify the decadal rainfall variability and that the coupled system simulates realistically the observed multi-decadal variations in Sahelian precipitation.

Published
2001

109. The carbon budget of terrestrial ecosystems in East Asia over the last two decades

Author

Piao, S.L., Ito, A., Li, S.G., Huang, Y., Ciais, P., Wang, X.H., Peng, S.S., Nan, H.J., Zhao, C., Ahlström, A., Andres, R.J., Chevallier, F., Fang, J.Y., Hartmann, J., Huntingford, C., Jeong, S., Levis, S., Levy, P.E., Li, J.S., Lomas, M.R., Mao, J.F., Mayorga, E., Mohammat, A., Muraoka, H., Peng, C.H., Peylin, P., Poulter, B., Shen, Z.H., Shi, X., Sitch, S., Tao, S., Tian, H.Q., Wu, X.P., Xu, M., Yu, G.R., Viovy, N., Zaehle, S., Zeng, N., Zhu, B., Piao, S.L., Ito, A., Li, S.G., Huang, Y., Ciais, P., Wang, X.H., Peng, S.S., Nan, H.J., Zhao, C., Ahlström, A., Andres, R.J., Chevallier, F., Fang, J.Y., Hartmann, J., Huntingford, C., Jeong, S., Levis, S., Levy, P.E., Li, J.S., Lomas, M.R., Mao, J.F., Mayorga, E., Mohammat, A., Muraoka, H., Peng, C.H., Peylin, P., Poulter, B., Shen, Z.H., Shi, X., Sitch, S., Tao, S., Tian, H.Q., Wu, X.P., Xu, M., Yu, G.R., Viovy, N., Zaehle, S., Zeng, N., and Zhu, B.

Abstract

This REgional Carbon Cycle Assessment and Processes regional study provides a synthesis of the carbon balance of terrestrial ecosystems in East Asia, a region comprised of China, Japan, North and South Korea, and Mongolia. We estimate the current terrestrial carbon balance of East Asia and its driving mechanisms during 1990–2009 using three different approaches: inventories combined with satellite greenness measurements, terrestrial ecosystem carbon cycle models and atmospheric inversion models. The magnitudes of East Asia's terrestrial carbon sink from these three approaches are comparable: −0.293±0.033 PgC yr−1 from inventory–remote sensing model–data fusion approach, −0.413±0.141 PgC yr−1 (not considering biofuel emissions) or −0.224±0.141 PgC yr−1 (considering biofuel emissions) for carbon cycle models, and −0.270±0.507 PgC yr−1 for atmospheric inverse models. Here and in the following, the numbers behind ± signs are standard deviations. The ensemble of ecosystem modeling based analyses further suggests that at the regional scale, climate change and rising atmospheric CO2 together resulted in a carbon sink of −0.289±0.135 PgC yr−1, while land-use change and nitrogen deposition had a contribution of −0.013±0.029 PgC yr−1 and −0.107±0.025 PgC yr−1, respectively. Although the magnitude of climate change effects on the carbon balance varies among different models, all models agree that in response to climate change alone, southern China experienced an increase in carbon storage from 1990 to 2009, while northern East Asia including Mongolia and north China showed a decrease in carbon storage. Overall, our results suggest that about 13–27% of East Asia's CO2 emissions from fossil fuel burning have been offset by carbon accumulation in its terrestrial territory over the period from 1990 to 2009. The underlying mechanisms of carbon sink over East Asia still remain largely uncertain, given the diversity and intensity of land management processes, and the regional conjunc

Published
2012

110. Influence of Polarisation on Optical Trapping Forces in Air-Transport of Spherical Particles

Author

Eckerskorn, Niko, Zeng, N., Shvedov, Vladlen, Gamaly, Eugene G, Rode, Andrei V, Krolikowski, Wieslaw, Eckerskorn, Niko, Zeng, N., Shvedov, Vladlen, Gamaly, Eugene G, Rode, Andrei V, and Krolikowski, Wieslaw

Abstract

We show, both theoretically and experimentally, that light polarization affects the driving forces through the change in absorption, and thus the speed of transport of spherical particles in air with counter-propagating optical vortex beams.

Published
2011

112. Supplementary material to "The North American Carbon Program Multi-scale synthesis and Terrestrial Model Intercomparison Project – Part 1: Overview and experimental design"

Author

Huntzinger, D. N., primary, Schwalm, C., additional, Michalak, A. M., additional, Schaefer, K., additional, King, A. W., additional, Wei, Y., additional, Jacobson, A., additional, Liu, S., additional, Cook, R. B., additional, Post, W. M., additional, Berthier, G., additional, Hayes, D., additional, Huang, M., additional, Ito, A., additional, Lei, H., additional, Lu, C., additional, Mao, J., additional, Peng, C. H., additional, Peng, S., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Riccuito, D., additional, Shi, X., additional, Tian, H., additional, Wang, W., additional, Zeng, N., additional, Zhao, F., additional, and Zhu, Q., additional

Published
2013
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113. Historical and idealized climate model experiments: an intercomparison of Earth system models of intermediate complexity

Author

Eby, M., primary, Weaver, A. J., additional, Alexander, K., additional, Zickfeld, K., additional, Abe-Ouchi, A., additional, Cimatoribus, A. A., additional, Crespin, E., additional, Drijfhout, S. S., additional, Edwards, N. R., additional, Eliseev, A. V., additional, Feulner, G., additional, Fichefet, T., additional, Forest, C. E., additional, Goosse, H., additional, Holden, P. B., additional, Joos, F., additional, Kawamiya, M., additional, Kicklighter, D., additional, Kienert, H., additional, Matsumoto, K., additional, Mokhov, I. I., additional, Monier, E., additional, Olsen, S. M., additional, Pedersen, J. O. P., additional, Perrette, M., additional, Philippon-Berthier, G., additional, Ridgwell, A., additional, Schlosser, A., additional, Schneider von Deimling, T., additional, Shaffer, G., additional, Smith, R. S., additional, Spahni, R., additional, Sokolov, A. P., additional, Steinacher, M., additional, Tachiiri, K., additional, Tokos, K., additional, Yoshimori, M., additional, Zeng, N., additional, and Zhao, F., additional

Published
2013
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114. Abstract 98

Author

Zeng, Ning, primary, Zeng, N, additional, Wang, L, additional, Zang, M, additional, Johnson, J, additional, Yu, P, additional, and Zhang, Q, additional

Published
2013
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117. Interannual variability of the atmospheric CO2 growth rate: relative contribution from precipitation and temperature.

Author

Wang, J., Zeng, N., and Wang, M. R.

Subjects
ATMOSPHERIC carbon dioxide, METEOROLOGICAL precipitation, ATMOSPHERIC temperature, SOIL moisture, EL Nino
Abstract

The interannual variability (IAV) in atmospheric CO2 growth rate (CGR) is closely connected with the El Niño-Southern Oscillation. However, sensitivities of CGR to temperature and precipitation remain largely uncertain. This paper analyzed the relationship between Mauna Loa CGR and tropical land climatic elements. We find that Mauna Loa CGR lags precipitation by 4 months with a correlation coefficient of -0.63, leads temperature by 1 month (0.77), and correlates with soil moisture (-0.65) with zero lag. Additionally, precipitation and temperature are highly correlated (-0.66), with precipitation leading by 4-5 months. Regression analysis shows that sensitivities of Mauna Loa CGR to temperature and precipitation are 2.92 ± 0.20 Pg C yr-1 K-1 and -0.46 ± 0.07 Pg C yr-1 100 mm-1, respectively. Unlike some recent suggestions, these empirical relationships favor neither temperature nor precipitation as the dominant factor of CGR IAV. We further analyzed seven terrestrial carbon cycle models, from the TRENDY project, to study the processes underlying CGR IAV. All models capture well the IAV of tropical land-atmosphere carbon flux (CFTA). Sensitivities of the ensemble mean CFTA to temperature and precipitation are 3.18 ± 0.11 Pg C yr-1 K-1 and -0.67 ± 0.04 Pg C yr-1 100 mm-1, close to Mauna Loa CGR. Importantly, the models consistently show the variability in net primary productivity (NPP) dominates CGR, rather than soil respiration. Because NPP is largely driven by precipitation, this suggests a key role of precipitation in CGR IAV despite the higher CGR correlation with temperature. Understanding the relative contribution of CO2 sensitivity to precipitation and temperature has important implications for future carbon-climate feedback using such "emergent constraint". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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118. The global carbon budget 1959–2011

Author

Le Quéré, C., primary, Andres, R. J., additional, Boden, T., additional, Conway, T., additional, Houghton, R. A., additional, House, J. I., additional, Marland, G., additional, Peters, G. P., additional, van der Werf, G., additional, Ahlström, A., additional, Andrew, R. M., additional, Bopp, L., additional, Canadell, J. G., additional, Ciais, P., additional, Doney, S. C., additional, Enright, C., additional, Friedlingstein, P., additional, Huntingford, C., additional, Jain, A. K., additional, Jourdain, C., additional, Kato, E., additional, Keeling, R. F., additional, Klein Goldewijk, K., additional, Levis, S., additional, Levy, P., additional, Lomas, M., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Raupach, M. R., additional, Schwinger, J., additional, Sitch, S., additional, Stocker, B. D., additional, Viovy, N., additional, Zaehle, S., additional, and Zeng, N., additional

Published
2012
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120. Climate-carbon cycle feedback analysis: Results from the (CMIP)-M-4 model intercomparison

Author

Friedlingstein, P., Cox, P., Betts, R., Bopp, L., Von Bloh, W., Brovkin, V., Cadule, P., Doney, S., Eby, M., Fung, I., Bala, G., John, J., Jones, C., Joos, F., Kato, T., Kawamiya, M., Knorr, W., Lindsay, K., Matthews, H. D., Raddatz, T., Rayner, P., Reick, C., Roeckner, E., Schnitzler, K. G., Schnur, R., Strassmann, K., Weaver, A. J., Yoshikawa, C., Zeng, N., Friedlingstein, P., Cox, P., Betts, R., Bopp, L., Von Bloh, W., Brovkin, V., Cadule, P., Doney, S., Eby, M., Fung, I., Bala, G., John, J., Jones, C., Joos, F., Kato, T., Kawamiya, M., Knorr, W., Lindsay, K., Matthews, H. D., Raddatz, T., Rayner, P., Reick, C., Roeckner, E., Schnitzler, K. G., Schnur, R., Strassmann, K., Weaver, A. J., Yoshikawa, C., and Zeng, N.

Abstract

Eleven coupled climate–carbon cycle models used a common protocol to study the coupling between climate change and the carbon cycle. The models were forced by historical emissions and the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A2 anthropogenic emissions of CO2 for the 1850–2100 time period. For each model, two simulations were performed in order to isolate the impact of climate change on the land and ocean carbon cycle, and therefore the climate feedback on the atmospheric CO2 concentration growth rate. There was unanimous agreement among the models that future climate change will reduce the efficiency of the earth system to absorb the anthropogenic carbon perturbation. A larger fraction of anthropogenic CO2 will stay airborne if climate change is accounted for. By the end of the twenty-first century, this additional CO2 varied between 20 and 200 ppm for the two extreme models, the majority of the models lying between 50 and 100 ppm. The higher CO2 levels led to an additional climate warming ranging between 0.1° and 1.5°C. All models simulated a negative sensitivity for both the land and the ocean carbon cycle to future climate. However, there was still a large uncertainty on the magnitude of these sensitivities. Eight models attributed most of the changes to the land, while three attributed it to the ocean. Also, a majority of the models located the reduction of land carbon uptake in the Tropics. However, the attribution of the land sensitivity to changes in net primary productivity versus changes in respiration is still subject to debate; no consensus emerged among the models.

Published
2006

122. The carbon budget of terrestrial ecosystems in East Asia over the last two decades

Author

Piao, S. L., primary, Ito, A., additional, Li, S. G., additional, Huang, Y., additional, Ciais, P., additional, Wang, X. H., additional, Peng, S. S., additional, Nan, H. J., additional, Zhao, C., additional, Ahlström, A., additional, Andres, R. J., additional, Chevallier, F., additional, Fang, J. Y., additional, Hartmann, J., additional, Huntingford, C., additional, Jeong, S., additional, Levis, S., additional, Levy, P. E., additional, Li, J. S., additional, Lomas, M. R., additional, Mao, J. F., additional, Mayorga, E., additional, Mohammat, A., additional, Muraoka, H., additional, Peng, C. H., additional, Peylin, P., additional, Poulter, B., additional, Shen, Z. H., additional, Shi, X., additional, Sitch, S., additional, Tao, S., additional, Tian, H. Q., additional, Wu, X. P., additional, Xu, M., additional, Yu, G. R., additional, Viovy, N., additional, Zaehle, S., additional, Zeng, N., additional, and Zhu, B., additional

Published
2012
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123. Historical and idealized climate model experiments: an EMIC intercomparison

Author

Eby, M., primary, Weaver, A. J., additional, Alexander, K., additional, Zickfeld, K., additional, Abe-Ouchi, A., additional, Cimatoribus, A. A., additional, Crespin, E., additional, Drijfhout, S. S., additional, Edwards, N. R., additional, Eliseev, A. V., additional, Feulner, G., additional, Fichefet, T., additional, Forest, C. E., additional, Goosse, H., additional, Holden, P. B., additional, Joos, F., additional, Kawamiya, M., additional, Kicklighter, D., additional, Kienert, H., additional, Matsumoto, K., additional, Mokhov, I. I., additional, Monier, E., additional, Olsen, S. M., additional, Pedersen, J. O. P., additional, Perrette, M., additional, Philippon-Berthier, G., additional, Ridgwell, A., additional, Schlosser, A., additional, Schneider von Deimling, T., additional, Shaffer, G., additional, Smith, R. S., additional, Spahni, R., additional, Sokolov, A. P., additional, Steinacher, M., additional, Tachiiri, K., additional, Tokos, K., additional, Yoshimori, M., additional, Zeng, N., additional, and Zhao, F., additional

Published
2012
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124. North American Carbon Program (NACP) regional interim synthesis: Terrestrial biospheric model intercomparison

Author

Huntzinger, D.N., primary, Post, W.M., additional, Wei, Y., additional, Michalak, A.M., additional, West, T.O., additional, Jacobson, A.R., additional, Baker, I.T., additional, Chen, J.M., additional, Davis, K.J., additional, Hayes, D.J., additional, Hoffman, F.M., additional, Jain, A.K., additional, Liu, S., additional, McGuire, A.D., additional, Neilson, R.P., additional, Potter, Chris, additional, Poulter, B., additional, Price, David, additional, Raczka, B.M., additional, Tian, H.Q., additional, Thornton, P., additional, Tomelleri, E., additional, Viovy, N., additional, Xiao, J., additional, Yuan, W., additional, Zeng, N., additional, Zhao, M., additional, and Cook, R., additional

Published
2012
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126. The carbon budget of terrestrial ecosystems in East Asia over the last two decades

Author

Piao, S., primary, Ito, A., additional, Li, S., additional, Huang, Y., additional, Ciais, P., additional, Wang, X., additional, Peng, S., additional, Andres, R. J., additional, Fang, J., additional, Jeong, S., additional, Mao, J., additional, Mohammat, A., additional, Muraoka, H., additional, Nan, H., additional, Peng, C., additional, Peylin, P., additional, Shi, X., additional, Sitch, S., additional, Tao, S., additional, Tian, H., additional, Xu, M., additional, Yu, G., additional, Zeng, N., additional, and Zhu, B., additional

Published
2012
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127. A20 inactivation in ocular adnexal MALT lymphoma

Author

Bi, Y., primary, Zeng, N., additional, Chanudet, E., additional, Huang, Y., additional, Hamoudi, R. A., additional, Liu, H., additional, Dong, G., additional, Watkins, A. J., additional, Ley, S. C., additional, Zou, L., additional, Chen, R., additional, Zhu, X., additional, and Du, M.-Q., additional

Published
2011
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133. The CLIVAR C20C project: which components of the Asian–Australian monsoon circulation variations are forced and reproducible?

Author

Zhou, Tianjun, primary, Wu, Bo, additional, Scaife, A. A., additional, Brönnimann, S., additional, Cherchi, A., additional, Fereday, D., additional, Fischer, A. M., additional, Folland, C. K., additional, Jin, K. E., additional, Kinter, J., additional, Knight, J. R., additional, Kucharski, F., additional, Kusunoki, S., additional, Lau, N.-C., additional, Li, Lijuan, additional, Nath, M. J., additional, Nakaegawa, T., additional, Navarra, A., additional, Pegion, P., additional, Rozanov, E., additional, Schubert, S., additional, Sporyshev, P., additional, Voldoire, A., additional, Wen, Xinyu, additional, Yoon, J. H., additional, and Zeng, N., additional

Published
2008
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134. The CLIVAR C20C project: skill of simulating Indian monsoon rainfall on interannual to decadal timescales. Does GHG forcing play a role?

Author

Kucharski, F., primary, Scaife, A. A., additional, Yoo, J. H., additional, Folland, C. K., additional, Kinter, J., additional, Knight, J., additional, Fereday, D., additional, Fischer, A. M., additional, Jin, E. K., additional, Kröger, J., additional, Lau, N.-C., additional, Nakaegawa, T., additional, Nath, M. J., additional, Pegion, P., additional, Rozanov, E., additional, Schubert, S., additional, Sporyshev, P. V., additional, Syktus, J., additional, Voldoire, A., additional, Yoon, J. H., additional, Zeng, N., additional, and Zhou, T., additional

Published
2008
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136. The CLIVAR C20C project: selected twentieth century climate events

Author

Scaife, A. A., primary, Kucharski, F., additional, Folland, C. K., additional, Kinter, J., additional, Brönnimann, S., additional, Fereday, D., additional, Fischer, A. M., additional, Grainger, S., additional, Jin, E. K., additional, Kang, I. S., additional, Knight, J. R., additional, Kusunoki, S., additional, Lau, N. C., additional, Nath, M. J., additional, Nakaegawa, T., additional, Pegion, P., additional, Schubert, S., additional, Sporyshev, P., additional, Syktus, J., additional, Yoon, J. H., additional, Zeng, N., additional, and Zhou, T., additional

Published
2008
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144. The carbon cycle in Mexico: past, present and future of C stocks and fluxes.

Author

Murray-Tortarolo, G., Friedlingstein, P., Sitch, S., Jaramillo, V. J., Murguía-Flores, F., Anav, A., Liu, Y., Arneth, A., Arvanitis, A., Harper, A., Jain, A., Kato, E., Koven, C., Poulter, B., Stocker, B. D., Wiltshire, A., Zaehle, S., and Zeng, N.

Subjects
CARBON, CARBON cycle, CARBON in soils, PLANTS
Abstract

We modelled the carbon (C) cycle in Mexico with a process-based approach. We used different available products (satellite data, field measurements, models and flux towers) to estimate C stocks and fluxes in the country at three different time frames: present (defined as the period 2000-2005), the past century (1901-2000) and the remainder of this century (2010-2100). Our estimate of the gross primary productivity (GPP) for the country was 2137±1023 TgCyr-1 and a total C stock of 34 506±7483 TgC, with 20 347±4622 PgC in vegetation and 14 159±3861 in the soil. Contrary to other current estimates for recent decades, our results showed that Mexico was a C sink over the period 1990-2009 (+31 TgCyr-1) and that C accumulation over the last century amounted to 1210±1040 TgC. We attributed this sink to the CO2 fertilization effect on GPP, which led to an increase of 3408±1060 TgC, while both climate and land use reduced the country C stocks by -458±1001 and -1740±878 TgC, respectively. Under different future scenarios the C sink will likely continue over 21st century, with decreasing C uptake as the climate forcing becomes more extreme. Our work provides valuable insights on relevant driving processes of the C-cycle such as the role of drought in marginal lands (e.g. grasslands and shrublands) and the impact of climate change on the mean residence time of C in tropical ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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145. The role of spatial scale and background climate in the latitudinal temperature response to deforestation.

Author

Li, Y., de Noblet-Ducoudré, N., Davin, E. L., Zeng, N., Motesharrei, S., Li, S. C., and Kalnay, E.

Subjects
DEFORESTATION, EARTH temperature, VEGETATION dynamics
Abstract

Previous modeling and empirical studies have shown that the biophysical impact of deforestation is to warm the tropics and cool the extra-tropics. In this study, we use an earth system model to investigate how deforestation at various spatial scales affects ground temperature, with an emphasis on the latitudinal temperature response and its underlying mechanisms. Results show that the latitudinal pattern of temperature response depends non-linearly on the spatial extent of deforestation and the fraction of vegetation change. Compared with regional deforestation, temperature change in global deforestation is greatly amplified in temperate and boreal regions, but is dampened in tropical regions. Incremental forest removal leads to increasingly larger cooling in temperate and boreal regions, while the temperature increase saturates in tropical regions. The latitudinal and spatial patterns of the temperature response are driven by two processes with competing temperature effects: decreases in absorbed shortwave radiation due to increased albedo and decreases in evapotranspiration. These changes in the surface energy balance reflect the importance of the background climate on modifying the deforestation impact. Shortwave radiation and precipitation have an intrinsic geographical distribution that constrains the effects of biophysical changes and therefore leads to temperature changes that are spatially varying. For example, wet (dry) climate favors larger (smaller) evapotranspiration change, thus warming (cooling) is more likely to occur. Further analysis on the contribution of individual biophysical factors (albedo, roughness, and evapotranspiration efficiency) reveals that the latitudinal signature embodied in the temperature change probably result from the background climate conditions rather than the initial biophysical perturbation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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