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101. Elliptic flow fluctuations at PHOBOS

Author: I. Sedykh, Andrzej Olszewski, Kinga Anna Wozniak, N. George, Burt Holzman, A. S. Carroll, J. Sagerer, M. P. Decowski, Barbara Wosiek, Edward Allen Wenger, Gunther Roland, G.J. vanNieuwenhuizen, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, E. García, B. Alver, R. S. Hollis, I. Harnarine, P. Kulinich, A. Szostak, Bolek Wyslouch, W. T. Lin, S. S. Vaurynovich, F. L. H. Wolfs, K. Gulbrandsen, C. E. Smith, T. Gburek, Wei Li, C. Halliwell, George Stephans, Z. Chai, M. B. Tonjes, V. Chetluru, N. Khan, M. Ballintijn, H. Seals, J. Hamblen, S. Manly, B. B. Back, A. Sukhanov, M. Hauer, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Wit Busza, R. Pak, D. S. Barton, R. Verdier, A. A. Bickley, J. L. Kane, Constantin Loizides, S. M. Wyngaardt, P. Steinberg, Gabor Istvan Veres, E. Johnson, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, D. Willhelm, Chih-Yu Kuo, M. A. Stankiewicz, M. D. Baker, R. Holynski, P. Walters, C. Reed, A. Iordanova, E. Richardson, D. J. Hofman, Christophe Pol A Roland, and C. Vale
Subjects: Physics, Elliptic flow, Mechanics
Published: 2007

102. WITHDRAWN: Low-temperature deposition of poly-silicon films by hot-wire CVD

Author: Lei Wang, Guifeng Zhang, X.D. Hou, and Z. Chai
Subjects: Materials science, Carbon film, Low temperature deposition, Silicon, chemistry, Materials Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_element, Surfaces and Interfaces, General Chemistry, Composite material, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films
Published: 2007

103. Identified hadron transverse momentum spectra in Au+Au collisions atsNN=62.4GeV

Author: R. Bindel, Gunther Roland, I. Sedykh, P. Kulinich, Adam Trzupek, Edward Allen Wenger, M. A. Stankiewicz, A. Sukhanov, M. Hauer, Wit Busza, R. Pak, R. S. Hollis, Z. Chai, C. Reed, George S. F. Stephans, F. L. H. Wolfs, Bolek Wyslouch, G. J. van Nieuwenhuizen, Krzysztof Woźniak, Barbara Wosiek, M. D. Baker, S. S. Vaurynovich, N. Khan, E. García, T. Gburek, D. J. Hofman, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Gabor Istvan Veres, M. P. Decowski, C. Vale, M. B. Tonjes, E. Johnson, P. Steinberg, H. Seals, Chia-Ming Kuo, W. T. Lin, Rachid Nouicer, Andrzej Olszewski, M. Ballintijn, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, J. Hamblen, C. E. Smith, A. Iordanova, R. Holynski, C. Halliwell, N. George, Burt Holzman, A. S. Carroll, J. Sagerer, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, Christophe Pol A Roland, B. B. Back, R. Verdier, K. Gulbrandsen, and Alice Mignerey
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Proton, Meson, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Nuclear physics, Baryon, Antiproton, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse mass, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
Abstract: Transverse momentum spectra of pions, kaons, protons, and antiprotons from Au+Au collisions at {radical}(s{sub NN}) = 62.4 GeV have been measured by the PHOBOS experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. The identification of particles relies on three different methods: low momentum particles stopping in the first detector layers; the specific energy loss (dE/dx) in the silicon spectrometer, and time-of-flight measurement. These methods cover the transverse momentum ranges 0.03-0.2, 0.2-1.0, and 0.5-3.0 GeV/c, respectively. Baryons are found to have substantially harder transverse momentum spectra than mesons. The p{sub T} region in which the proton to pion ratio reaches unity in central Au+Au collisions at {radical}(s{sub NN}) = 62.4 GeV fits into a smooth trend as a function of collision energy. At low transverse mass, the spectra of various species exhibit a significant deviation from transverse mass scaling. The observed particle yields at very low p{sub T} are comparable to extrapolations from higher p{sub T} for kaons, protons and antiprotons. By comparing our results to Au+Au collisions at {radical}(s{sub NN}) = 200 GeV, we conclude that the net proton yield at midrapidity is proportional to the number of participant nucleons in the collision.
Published: 2007

104. Recoil polarization measurements for neutral pion electroproduction atQ2=1(GeV/c)2near the Δ resonance

Author: Stephanie Escoffier, C. Cavata, S. McAleer, G. M. Huber, F. Garibaldi, T. Botto, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, A. Hotta, X. Zheng, J. P. Chen, M. Potokar, G. M. Urciuoli, A. J. Sarty, S. Širca, S. Strauch, M. Coman, C. C. Chang, Ronald Ransome, D. J. Margaziotis, G. Kumbartzki, R. Roche, John C. Mitchell, H. Breuer, Alexei V. Klimenko, D. Crovelli, J. R. Calarco, E. J. Beise, A. Saha, M. Rvachev, H. F. Ibrahim, R. W. Lourie, E. Burtin, L. Todor, R. Suleiman, W. U. Boeglin, L. Lagamba, L. Zhu, K. Wijsooriya, Sonja Dieterich, G. J. Lolos, N. Liyange, E. J. Brash, R. Michaels, Fatiha Benmokhtar, P. G. Roos, J. O. Hansen, Charles Glashausser, James J. Kelly, Shalev Gilad, P. E. Ulmer, S. Georgakopoulos, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, N. S. Chant, V. Garde, Olivier Gayou, Z. Chai, Kevin Fissum, J. A. Templon, A. Kozlov, C. F. Perdrisat, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, S. Frullani, B. D. Milbrath, T. Pussieux, X. Jiang, Mauro Iodice, Larry Weinstein, F. Marie, William Bertozzi, Pete Markowitz, R. De Leo, G. Laveissière, D. Neyret, D. Meekins, V. A. Punjabi, Douglas Higinbotham, M. K. Jones, E. Brown, M. Kuss, J. Nappa, and Ronald Gilman
Subjects: Physics, Scattering cross-section, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Pion, Recoil, 0103 physical sciences, Quadrupole, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, 010306 general physics, Multipole expansion, Legendre polynomials, Excitation
Abstract: We measured angular distributions of differential cross section, beam analyzing power, and recoil polarization for neutral pion electroproduction at Q(2)=1.0 (GeV/c)(2) in 10 bins of 1.17 M-Delta. We performed a multipole analysis that adjusts suitable subsets of center dot(pi) Delta quadrupole ratios are not negligible. Parabolic fits to the W dependence around M-Delta for the multiple analysis gives values for Re(S1+/M1+)=(-6.61 +/- 0.18)% and Re(E1+/M1+)=(-2.87 +/- 0.19)% for the p pi(0) channel at W=1.232 GeV and Q(2)=1.0 (GeV/c)(2) that are distinctly larger than those from the Legendre analysis of the same data. Similarly, the multipole analysis gives Re(S0+/M1+)=(+7.1 +/- 0.8)% at W=1.232 GeV, consistent with recent models, while the traditional Legendre analysis gives the opposite sign because its truncation errors are quite severe.
Published: 2007

105. Recent Results from Phobos

Author: Chia-Ming Kuo, H. Seals, A. Sukhanov, M. Hauer, R. S. Hollis, Bolek Wyslouch, Gunther Roland, F. L. H. Wolfs, M. Ballintijn, Wit Busza, R. Pak, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, E. García, C. Halliwell, J. Hamblen, K. Gulbrandsen, I. Sedykh, Marguerite Tonjes, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Edward Allen Wenger, M. A. Stankiewicz, J. L. Kane, Burt Holzman, C. Reed, Alice Mignerey, S. Manly, T. Gburek, R. Bindel, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, P. Kulinich, J. Sagerer, N. Khan, Christof Roland, B. B. Back, S. S. Vaurynovich, George Stephans, C. E. Smith, Barbara Wosiek, Willis Lin, N. George, Z. Chai, Krzysztof Woźniak, David Jonathan Hofman, Andrzej Olszewski, C. Vale, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, E. Johnson, M. P. Decowski, R. Holynski, M. D. Baker, and A. Iordanova
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Charged particle, Particle identification, Nuclear physics, Energy density, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Multiplicity (chemistry), Nuclear Experiment, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Nucleon, Scaling
Abstract: The PHOBOS detector is one of four heavy ion experiments at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider at Brookhaven National Laboratory. In this paper we will review some of the results of PHOBOS from the data collected in p+p, d+Au and Au+Au collisions at nucleon‐nucleon center‐of‐mass energies up to 200 GeV. Evidence is found of the formation of a very high energy density and highly interactive system, which can not be described in terms of hadrons, and has a relatively low baryon density. There is evidence that the system formed is thermalized to a certain degree. Scaling with the number of participants and extended longitudinal scaling behavior are also observed in distributions of produced charged particles.
Published: 2007

106. Charged-particle pseudorapidity distributions in Au+Au collisions atsNN=62.4GeV

Author: Edward Allen Wenger, F. L. H. Wolfs, Andrzej Olszewski, G. J. van Nieuwenhuizen, George Stephans, N. Khan, A. Sukhanov, Marguerite Tonjes, M. Hauer, R. Holynski, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, C. Reed, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, Alice Mignerey, C. Halliwell, N. George, R. Bindel, Gabor Istvan Veres, Wit Busza, R. Pak, Burt Holzman, K. Gulbrandsen, S. S. Vaurynovich, E. García, E. Johnson, Z. Chai, M. P. Decowski, Gunther Roland, Krzysztof Woźniak, M. A. Stankiewicz, R. S. Hollis, P. Kulinich, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, W. T. Lin, Rachid Nouicer, A. S. Carroll, J. Sagerer, D. J. Hofman, C. Vale, Adam Trzupek, P. Steinberg, Barbara Wosiek, Chia-Ming Kuo, B. B. Back, M. Ballintijn, A. Iordanova, J. Hamblen, Christophe Pol A Roland, M. D. Baker, R. Verdier, Bolek Wyslouch, T. Gburek, C. E. Smith, H. Seals, and I. Sedykh
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Multiplicity (mathematics), Alternating Gradient Synchrotron, Rest frame, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: The charged-particle pseudorapidity density for Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=62.4$ GeV has been measured over a wide range of impact parameters and compared to results obtained at other energies. As a function of collision energy, the pseudorapidity distribution grows systematically both in height and width. The midrapidity density is found to grow approximately logarithmically between BNL Alternating Gradient Synchrotron (AGS) energies and the top BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) energy. There is also an approximate factorization of the centrality and energy dependence of the midrapidity yields. The new results at $\sqrt{{s}_{\mathit{NN}}}=62.4$ GeV confirm the previously observed phenomenon of ``extended longitudinal scaling'' in the pseudorapidity distributions when viewed in the rest frame of one of the colliding nuclei. It is also found that the evolution of the shape of the distribution with centrality is energy independent, when viewed in this reference frame. As a function of centrality, the total charged particle multiplicity scales linearly with the number of participant pairs as it was observed at other energies.
Published: 2006

107. Forward-backward multiplicity correlations insNN=200GeV Au+Au collisions

Author: Marguerite Tonjes, Inkyu Park, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, M. A. Stankiewicz, C. Reed, A. H. Wuosmaa, R. Noucier, N. George, Barbara Wosiek, F. L. H. Wolfs, David Jonathan Hofman, Christof Roland, I. Sedykh, R. Pak, C. E. Smith, B. B. Back, J. Sagerer, Alice Mignerey, K. Gulbrandsen, Jaw-Luen Tang, R. Bindel, Bolek Wyslouch, S. S. Vaurynovich, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, L.J. Rosenberg, P. Sarin, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, N. Khan, M. P. Decowski, Edward Allen Wenger, A. S. Carroll, M. Reuter, Adam Trzupek, R. Verdier, S. Gushue, L. P. Remsberg, P. Kulinich, G. A. Heintzelman, R. S. Hollis, M. D. Baker, C. Halliwell, W. Skulski, J. L. Kane, W. T. Lin, A. Iordanova, S. Manly, Burt Holzman, A. Budzanowski, J. Katzy, Gunther Roland, P. Sawicki, K. Woźniak, Chia-Ming Kuo, T. Gburek, M. Ballintijn, D. McLeod, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, J. Hamblen, E. Johnson, E. García, Andrzej Olszewski, R. Holynski, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, W. Kucewicz, Z. Chai, A. Sukhanov, M. Hauer, Wit Busza, George Stephans, and H. Seals
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Forward backward, Multiplicity (mathematics), 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Nuclear physics, Angular correlation, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, media_common
Abstract: Forward-backward correlations of charged-particle multiplicities in symmetric bins in pseudorapidity (eta) are studied in order to gain insight into the underlying correlation structure of particle production in Au+Au collisions. The PHOBOS detector is used to measure integrated multiplicities in bins defined within eta
Published: 2006

108. Energy Dependence of Directed Flow over a Wide Range of Pseudorapidity inAu+AuCollisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Author: Marguerite Tonjes, F. L. H. Wolfs, C. Reed, M. P. Decowski, W. T. Lin, David Jonathan Hofman, Edward Allen Wenger, Alice Mignerey, Christof Roland, Andrzej Olszewski, R. Bindel, Chia-Ming Kuo, B. B. Back, K. Gulbrandsen, T. Gburek, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, S. S. Vaurynovich, J. Sagerer, N. Khan, J. Katzy, Jaw-Luen Tang, A. Iordanova, M. Ballintijn, Z. Chai, I. Sedykh, S. Gushue, P. Kulinich, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, R. Holynski, D. McLeod, J. Hamblen, P. Sarin, R. S. Hollis, A. Budzanowski, D. S. Barton, Gabor Istvan Veres, A. A. Bickley, Peter Steinberg, N. George, W. Skulski, Rachid Nouicer, Burt Holzman, Adam Trzupek, G. A. Heintzelman, E. García, P. Sawicki, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, W. Kucewicz, George Stephans, A. H. Wuosmaa, Inkyu Park, E. Johnson, H. Seals, Bolek Wyslouch, A. Sukhanov, L.J. Rosenberg, M. Hauer, Gunther Roland, Wit Busza, R. Pak, Krzysztof Wozniak, Barbara Wosiek, M. Reuter, M. D. Baker, M. A. Stankiewicz, C. E. Smith, L. P. Remsberg, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, and C. Halliwell
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, Detector, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Flow (mathematics), Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Scaling
Abstract: We report on measurements of directed flow as a function of pseudorapidity in Au + Au collisions at energies of square root of SNN = 19.6, 62.4, 130 and 200 GeV as measured by the PHOBOS detector at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These results are particularly valuable because of the extensive, continuous pseudorapidity coverage of the PHOBOS detector. There is no significant indication of structure near midrapidity and the data surprisingly exhibit extended longitudinal scaling similar to that seen for elliptic flow and charged particle pseudorapidity density.
Published: 2006

109. System Size and Centrality Dependence of Charged Hadron Transverse Momentum Spectra inAu+AuandCu+CuCollisions atsNN=62.4and 200 GeV

Author: Burt Holzman, Christof Roland, Gunther Roland, W. T. Lin, Rachid Nouicer, Alice Mignerey, Chia-Ming Kuo, Adam Trzupek, I. Harnarine, R. Bindel, S. S. Vaurynovich, D. Willhelm, M. Ballintijn, T. Gburek, F. L. H. Wolfs, M. D. Baker, J. Hamblen, E. Richardson, A. Szostak, Bolek Wyslouch, David Jonathan Hofman, C. E. Smith, J. Sagerer, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, M. A. Stankiewicz, V. Chetluru, E. García, Andrzej Olszewski, K. Gulbrandsen, C. Loizides, R. Holynski, R. Verdier, Edward Allen Wenger, R. S. Hollis, I. Sedykh, Barbara Wosiek, Marguerite Tonjes, P. Kulinich, C. Reed, B. Alver, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, A. Iordanova, J. L. Kane, Gabor Istvan Veres, Wei Li, Peter Steinberg, Z. Chai, S. Manly, George Stephans, Krzysztof Woźniak, A. Sukhanov, B. B. Back, Wit Busza, R. Pak, D. S. Barton, P. Walters, and S. M. Wyngaardt
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear reaction, Range (particle radiation), Quantitative Biology::Neurons and Cognition, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, chemistry.chemical_element, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Copper, Spectral line, chemistry, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We present transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in Cu+Cu collisions at {radical}(s{sub NN})=62.4 and 200 GeV. The spectra are measured for transverse momenta of 0.25
Published: 2006

110. RECENT RESULTS FROM PHOBOS AT RHIC

Author: I. Sedykh, K. Gulbrandsen, Barbara Wosiek, S. Manly, George S. F. Stephans, E. García, N. George, Z. Chai, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, J. L. Kane, A. S. Carroll, J. Sagerer, Bolek Wyslouch, Burt Holzman, Krzysztof Woźniak, M. P. Decowski, Christophe Pol A Roland, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, B. B. Back, D. S. Barton, A. Iordanova, R. S. Hollis, Chia-Ming Kuo, A. A. Bickley, Gunther Roland, Willis Lin, M. Ballintijn, F. L. H. Wolfs, C. Halliwell, P. Kulinich, R. Verdier, E. Garcia, Adam Trzupek, R. Holynski, S. S. Vaurynovich, J. Hamblen, C. E. Smith, T. Gburek, A. Sukhanov, M. Hauer, Wit Busza, R. Pak, M. D. Baker, M. B. Tonjes, M. A. Stankiewicz, Edward Allen Wenger, H. Seals, G. J. van Nieuwenhuizen, N. Khan, Rachid Nouicer, P. Steinberg, Andrzej Olszewski, D. J. Hofman, C. Vale, Gabor Istvan Veres, E. Johnson, and C. Reed
Published: 2006

111. Transverse momentum and rapidity dependence of Hanbury-Brown–Twiss correlations in Au+Au collisions atsNN=62.4 and 200 GeV

Author: S. Gushue, A. H. Wuosmaa, W. T. Lin, G. A. Heintzelman, Chia-Ming Kuo, M. Ballintijn, D. McLeod, W. Kucewicz, Alice Mignerey, P. Sarin, Andrzej Olszewski, N. Khan, R. Bindel, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, J. Hamblen, B. B. Back, M. A. Stankiewicz, Bolek Wyslouch, R. Pak, L.J. Rosenberg, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Barbara Wosiek, George Stephans, R. S. Hollis, P. Sawicki, A. Sukhanov, M. Hauer, Gunther Roland, E. García, P. Kulinich, F. L. H. Wolfs, A. Budzanowski, M. Reuter, A. S. Carroll, N. George, M. P. Decowski, Wit Busza, R. Verdier, I. Sedykh, M. D. Baker, W. Skulski, Inkyu Park, Burt Holzman, Z. Chai, T. Gburek, Christof Roland, C. E. Smith, S. S. Vaurynovich, H. Seals, Edward Allen Wenger, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, J. L. Kane, D. S. Barton, S. Manly, K. Gulbrandsen, C. Halliwell, A. A. Bickley, L. P. Remsberg, J. Katzy, K. Woźniak, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, E. Johnson, R. Holynski, J. Sagerer, Jaw-Luen Tang, A. Iordanova, Marguerite Tonjes, C. Reed, David Jonathan Hofman, C. Vale, and Heinz Pernegger
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hanbury Brown and Twiss effect, 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Pion, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, Rapidity, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: Two-particle correlations of identical charged pion pairs from Au+Au collisions at {radical}(s{sub NN})=62.4 and 200 GeV were measured by the PHOBOS experiment at BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC). Data for the 15% most central events were analyzed with Bertsch-Pratt and Yano-Koonin-Podgoretskii parametrizations using pairs with rapidities of 0.4
Published: 2006

112. Charged Particle Multiplicities in Ultra-relativistic Au+Au and Cu+Cu Collisions

Author: Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, H. Seals, Krzysztof Wozniak, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, Barbara Wosiek, Christof Roland, K. Gulbrandsen, Wei Li, C. Loizides, A. Sukhanov, A. Szostak, M. Hauer, George Stephans, Bolek Wyslouch, B. Alver, Wit Busza, P. Kulinich, Marguerite Tonjes, G.J. vanNieuwenhuizen, Z. Chai, N. Khan, R. S. Hollis, Burt Holzman, M. A. Stankiewicz, Edward Allen Wenger, C. Reed, I. Sedykh, M. P. Decowski, David Jonathan Hofman, T. Gburek, W. T. Lin, Rachid Nouicer, Andrzej Olszewski, C. Vale, N. George, F. L. H. Wolfs, D. S. Barton, C. E. Smith, A. A. Bickley, J. Sagerer, M. D. Baker, E. Richardson, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, E. Johnson, S. M. Wyngaardt, A. Iordanova, R. Holynski, V. Chetluru, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, D. Willhelm, R. Pak, C. Halliwell, B. B. Back, Adam Trzupek, E. García, P. Walters, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Chia-Ming Kuo, M. Ballintijn, S. S. Vaurynovich, J. Hamblen, Gunther Roland, and I. Harnarine
Subjects: Physics, Angular range, FOS: Physical sciences, Multiplicity (mathematics), Measure (mathematics), Charged particle, law.invention, Nuclear physics, law, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), National laboratory, Collider, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: The PHOBOS collaboration has carried out a systematic study of charged particle multiplicities in Cu+Cu and Au+Au collisions at the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. A unique feature of the PHOBOS detector is its ability to measure charged particles over a very wide angular range from 0.5 to 179.5 deg. corresponding to |eta, Proceedings of "Lake Louise Winter Institute 2006", Lake Louise, Alberta, Canada, February 17-23, 2006, World Scientific 5 pages, 3 figures
Published: 2006
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113. System size and centrality dependence of charged hadron transverse momentum spectra in Au + Au and Cu + Cu collisions at square root of SNN = 62.4 and 200 GeV

Author: B, Alver, B B, Back, M D, Baker, M, Ballintijn, D S, Barton, R R, Betts, R, Bindel, W, Busza, Z, Chai, V, Chetluru, E, García, T, Gburek, K, Gulbrandsen, J, Hamblen, I, Harnarine, C, Henderson, D J, Hofman, R S, Hollis, R, Hołyński, B, Holzman, A, Iordanova, J L, Kane, P, Kulinich, C M, Kuo, W, Li, W T, Lin, C, Loizides, S, Manly, A C, Mignerey, R, Nouicer, A, Olszewski, R, Pak, C, Reed, E, Richardson, C, Roland, G, Roland, J, Sagerer, I, Sedykh, C E, Smith, M A, Stankiewicz, P, Steinberg, G S F, Stephans, A, Sukhanov, A, Szostak, M B, Tonjes, A, Trzupek, G J, van Nieuwenhuizen, S S, Vaurynovich, R, Verdier, G I, Veres, P, Walters, E, Wenger, D, Willhelm, F L H, Wolfs, B, Wosiek, K, Woźniak, S, Wyngaardt, and B, Wysłouch
Abstract: We present transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in Cu + Cu collisions at square root of SNN = 62.4 and 200 GeV. The spectra are measured for transverse momenta of 0.25pT5.0 GeV/c at square root of SNN = 62.4 GeV and 0.25pT7.0 GeV/c at square root of SNN = 200 GeV, in a pseudorapidity range of 0.2eta1.4. The nuclear modification factor R(AA) is calculated relative to p + p data at both collision energies as a function of collision centrality. At a given collision energy and fractional cross section, R(AA) is observed to be systematically larger in Cu + Cu collisions compared to Au + Au. However, for the same number of participating nucleons, R(AA) is essentially the same in both systems over the measured range of pT, in spite of the significantly different geometries of the Cu + Cu and Au + Au systems.
Published: 2005

114. Energy dependence of directed flow over a wide range of pseudorapidity in Au + Au collisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Author: B B, Back, M D, Baker, M, Ballintijn, D S, Barton, R R, Betts, A A, Bickley, R, Bindel, A, Budzanowski, W, Busza, A, Carroll, Z, Chai, M P, Decowski, E, García, T, Gburek, N, George, K, Gulbrandsen, S, Gushue, C, Halliwell, J, Hamblen, M, Hauer, G A, Heintzelman, C, Henderson, D J, Hofman, R S, Hollis, R, Hołyński, B, Holzman, A, Iordanova, E, Johnson, J L, Kane, J, Katzy, N, Khan, W, Kucewicz, P, Kulinich, C M, Kuo, W T, Lin, S, Manly, D, McLeod, A C, Mignerey, R, Nouicer, A, Olszewski, R, Pak, I C, Park, H, Pernegger, C, Reed, L P, Remsberg, M, Reuter, C, Roland, G, Roland, L, Rosenberg, J, Sagerer, P, Sarin, P, Sawicki, H, Seals, I, Sedykh, W, Skulski, C E, Smith, M A, Stankiewicz, P, Steinberg, G S F, Stephans, A, Sukhanov, J-L, Tang, M B, Tonjes, A, Trzupek, C, Vale, G J, van Nieuwenhuizen, S S, Vaurynovich, R, Verdier, G I, Veres, E, Wenger, F L H, Wolfs, B, Wosiek, K, Woźniak, A H, Wuosmaa, and B, Wysłouch
Abstract: We report on measurements of directed flow as a function of pseudorapidity in Au + Au collisions at energies of square root of SNN = 19.6, 62.4, 130 and 200 GeV as measured by the PHOBOS detector at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. These results are particularly valuable because of the extensive, continuous pseudorapidity coverage of the PHOBOS detector. There is no significant indication of structure near midrapidity and the data surprisingly exhibit extended longitudinal scaling similar to that seen for elliptic flow and charged particle pseudorapidity density.
Published: 2005

115. Analysis of Dynamic Multiplicity Fluctuations at PHOBOS

Author: Zhengwei Chai, PHOBOS Collaboration, B B Back, M D Baker, M Ballintijn, D S Barton, R R Betts, A A Bickley, R Bindel, A Budzanowski, W Busza, A Carroll, Z Chai, M P Decowski, E García, N George, K Gulbrandsen, S Gushue, C Halliwell, J Hamblen, G A Heintzelman, C Henderson, D J Hofman, R S Hollis, R Hołyński, B Holzman, A Iordanova, E Johnson, J L Kane, J Katzy, N Khan, W Kucewicz, P Kulinich, C M Kuo, W T Lin, S Manly, D McLeod, A C Mignerey, R Nouicer, A Olszewski, R Pak, I C Park, H Pernegger, C Reed, L P Remsberg, M Reuter, C Roland, G Roland, L Rosenberg, J Sagerer, P Sarin, P Sawicki, W Skulski, P Steinberg, G S F Stephans, A Sukhanov, J L Tang, A Trzupek, C Vale, G J van Nieuwenhuizen, R Verdier, F L H Wolfs, B Wosiek, K Woźniak, A H Wuosmaa, and B Wysłouch
Subjects: Physics, History, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, Multiplicity (mathematics), Observable, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: This paper presents the analysis of the dynamic fluctuations in the inclusive charged particle multiplicity measured by PHOBOS for Au+Au collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=200$GeV within the pseudo-rapidity range of -3, Comment: Proceedings for Correlations '05 workshop at MIT
Published: 2005

116. The Self-Heating Effect and its Influence on the Electrical Properties of SOI MOSFETs

Author: M. Berger and Z. Chai
Subjects: Materials science, Electrical resistance and conductance, business.industry, Thermal resistance, Electrical engineering, Microelectronics, Silicon on insulator, Energy consumption, business, Engineering physics, Heating effect, Threshold voltage
Published: 2005

117. Publisher's Note: Proton elastic form factor ratios toQ2=3.5GeV2by polarization transfer [Phys. Rev. C 71, 055202 (2005)]

Author: R. J. Woo, Justin I. McIntyre, K. Wijesooriya, M. Khayat, P.Y. Bertin, C. F. Perdrisat, E. A. J. M. Offermann, Riad Suleiman, Y. Roblin, X. Jiang, A. Gasparian, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, L. S. Cardman, J. Berthot, S. Malov, P. Vernin, J. A. Templon, L. Bimbot, V. Gorbenko, B. Diederich, D. S. Brown, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, L. Todor, S. K. Nanda, S. Churchwell, Z. L. Zhou, Richard Madey, M. K. Jones, N. M. Piskunov, Shalev Gilad, E. Chudakov, K. A. Aniol, D. S. Dale, H. Voskanyan, Nilanga Liyanage, Brian Raue, G. M. Huber, F. Garibaldi, T. Saito, George Dan Zainea, G. G. Petratos, M. Kuss, Laird Kramer, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, G. Rutledge, David L. Prout, G. J. Kumbartzki, E. Lakuriki, G. J. Lolos, M. B. Epstein, G. Laveissière, B. D. Milbrath, C. Glashausser, Mauro Iodice, Lubomir Pentchev, S. Frullani, J. Y. Mougey, R. Roche, R. Michaels, A. Deur, R. L. Meer, A. J. Sarty, J. P. Chen, C. W. Jager, M. Liang, G. Quéméner, Branislav Vlahovic, H. Fonvieille, Andre Fleck, G. M. Urciuoli, C. R. Howell, J. R. Calarco, C. C. Chang, E. J. Brash, A. Green, D. J. Margaziotis, William Bertozzi, T. Smith, Ronald Gilman, J. Gao, R. I. Pomatsalyuk, Pavel Sorokin, Pete Markowitz, P. E. Ulmer, Kevin Fissum, W. Kahl, R. De Leo, K. McCormick, W.U. Boeglin, S. Strauch, G. M. Gerstner, J.-O. Hansen, Z. Papandreou, A. Besson, P. M. Rutt, Ronald Ransome, J. Domingo, F. Xiong, A. Saha, S. Jaminion, E. Cisbani, F. T. Baker, V. A. Punjabi, Jonatan Piedra Gomez, R. Macri, James J. Kelly, L. A. Ewell, and K. Takahashi
Subjects: Physics, Elastic scattering, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, 010306 general physics, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Typographical error
Abstract: This paper was published online on 20 May 2005 without several of the authors' corrections incorporated. Equation (13) has been replaced. The captions of Figs. 16--18 have also been replaced. Typographical errors on pages 4, 6, 14, 15, 18, 19, 22, and 24 have all been corrected. The paper has been corrected as of 8 June 2005. The text is correct in the printed version of the journal.
Published: 2005

118. Recoil polarization for delta excitation in pion electroproduction

Author: Olivier Gayou, M. Coman, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, A. Hotta, D. Crovelli, J. A. Templon, H. F. Ibrahim, D. J. Margaziotis, E. J. Brash, E. Burtin, William Bertozzi, A. Kozlov, G. M. Huber, F. Garibaldi, J. O. Hansen, Stephanie Escoffier, Pete Markowitz, R. W. Lourie, G. Kumbartzki, J. R. Calarco, R. De Leo, G. J. Lolos, Fatiha Benmokhtar, R. Roche, J. P. Chen, Charles Glashausser, Alexei V. Klimenko, B. D. Milbrath, Shalev Gilad, C. W. de Jager, M. Potokar, G. M. Urciuoli, D. Meekins, Ronald Ransome, K. A. Aniol, V. A. Punjabi, H. Breuer, Douglas Higinbotham, Kevin Fissum, M. K. Jones, E. J. Beise, Mauro Iodice, Larry Weinstein, F. Marie, C. C. Chang, S. McAleer, W. U. Boeglin, L. Todor, John C. Mitchell, K. Wijesooriya, E. Brown, R. Michaels, S. Frullani, S. Širca, Sonja Dieterich, S. Strauch, M. Kuss, R. Suleiman, Nilanga Liyanage, L. Lagamba, L. Zhu, P. G. Roos, P. E. Ulmer, C. Cavata, J. Nappa, R. A. Lindgren, Ronald Gilman, A. J. Sarty, J. J. LeRose, X. Zheng, James J. Kelly, N. S. Chant, V. Garde, Z. Chai, C. F. Perdrisat, D. Neyret, G. Laveissière, S. Georgakopoulus, M. Rvachev, T. Pussieux, X. Jiang, T. Botto, A. Saha, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HALL A
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, 14.20.Gk,13.60.Le,13.40.Gp,13.88.+e, Nuclear physics, Pion, Amplitude, Recoil, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Multipole expansion, Nuclear Experiment, Legendre polynomials, Excitation
Abstract: We measured angular distributions of recoil-polarization response functions for neutral pion electroproduction for W=1.23 GeV at Q^2=1.0 (GeV/c)^2, obtaining 14 separated response functions plus 2 Rosenbluth combinations; of these, 12 have been observed for the first time. Dynamical models do not describe quantities governed by imaginary parts of interference products well, indicating the need for adjusting magnitudes and phases for nonresonant amplitudes. We performed a nearly model-independent multipole analysis and obtained values for Re(S1+/M1+)=-(6.84+/-0.15)% and Re(E1+/M1+)=-(2.91+/-0.19)% that are distinctly different from those from the traditional Legendre analysis based upon M1+ dominance and sp truncation., 5 pages, 2 figures, for PRL
Published: 2005

119. QuasielasticHe3(e,e′p)H2Reaction atQ2=1.5 GeV2for Recoil Momenta up to1 GeV/c

Author: E. Voutier, R. A. Lindgren, Ronald Ransome, James J. Kelly, V. A. Punjabi, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, A. Hotta, E. Chudakov, Olivier Gayou, Mauro Iodice, J. H. Mitchell, J. A. Templon, M. B. Epstein, X. Jiang, Z. Chai, W. U. Boeglin, B. Hu, Fatiha Benmokhtar, F. Sabatié, G. M. Urciuoli, R. Michaels, K. A. Aniol, D. J. Margaziotis, William Bertozzi, S. Malov, Pete Markowitz, E. Penel-Nottaris, A. Frahi-Amroun, J. LeRose, R. De Leo, J. S. Real, D. Simon, C. Furget, Kevin Fissum, J. M. Laget, J. C. Cornejo, J. Y. Mougey, Jian-Ping Chen, Nilanga Liyanage, K. Wijesooriya, J. R. Calarco, F. Garibaldi, H. Ueno, F. Merchez, C. F. Perdrisat, Arijit Saha, S. Frullani, C. Glashausser, W. Duran, E. Cisbani, R. Roche, M. Rvachev, P. E. Ulmer, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Sonja Dieterich, J. O. Hansen, P. Djawotho, Ronald Gilman, S. Strauch, C. C. Chang, R. Iomni, R. W. Lourie, Douglas Higinbotham, M. K. Jones, G. Quéméner, E. Liatard, M. Kuss, Tadaaki Tamae, S. Kox, R. Suleiman, J. M. Finn, Shalev Gilad, A. Cochran, C. W. de Jager, and F. Butaru
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Nuclear Theory, Momentum transfer, General Physics and Astronomy, Electron, Few-body systems, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Momentum, Nuclear physics, Cross section (physics), Recoil, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Wave function, media_common
Abstract: We have studied the quasielastic He-3(e,e(')p)H-2 reaction in perpendicular coplanar kinematics, with the energy and the momentum transferred by the electron fixed at 840 MeV and 1502 MeV/c, respectively. The He-3(e,e(')p)H-2 cross section was measured for missing momenta up to 1000 MeV/c, while the A(TL) asymmetry was extracted for missing momenta up to 660 MeV/c. For missing momenta up to 150 MeV/c, the cross section is described by variational calculations using modern He-3 wave functions. For missing momenta from 150 to 750 MeV/c, strong final-state interaction effects are observed. Near 1000 MeV/c, the experimental cross section is more than an order of magnitude larger than predicted by available theories. The A(TL) asymmetry displays characteristic features of broken factorization with a structure that is similar to that generated by available models.
Published: 2005

120. Proton elastic form factor ratios toQ2=3.5GeV2by polarization transfer

Author: R. I. Pomatsalyuk, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, K. Wijesooriya, H. Fonvieille, M. Liang, G. Quéméner, Salvatore Frullani, C. F. Perdrisat, A. Gasparian, C. R. Howell, J. R. Calarco, K. McCormick, A. Green, J. A. Templon, P. Vernin, D. J. Margaziotis, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, J. Y. Mougey, J. Berthot, F. T. Baker, E. J. Brash, L. Todor, R. Roche, J. Gao, M. Khayat, P.Y. Bertin, G. G. Petratos, S. K. Nanda, A. Deur, Z. L. Zhou, A. J. Sarty, R. J. Woo, A. Saha, L. Cardman, S. Jaminion, W. Kahl, B. Diederich, P. E. Ulmer, Franco Garibaldi, K. Takahashi, T. Saito, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, D. S. Brown, G. M. Huber, Y. Roblin, G. M. Gerstner, R. Suleiman, V. Gorbenko, X. Jiang, V. A. Punjabi, S. Strauch, M. B. Epstein, Z. Papandreou, A. Besson, S. Churchwell, Charles Glashausser, E. Chudakov, Shalev Gilad, G. Laveissière, R. Madey, William Bertozzi, D. S. Dale, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, J. O. Hansen, G. M. Urciuoli, G. Kumbartzki, E. A.J.M. Offermann, Andre Fleck, Pete Markowitz, G. J. Lolos, Jian-Ping Chen, H. Voskanyan, Brian Raue, R. De Leo, S. Malov, P. M. Rutt, R. L.J. van der Meer, R. Macri, C. C. Chang, David L. Prout, J. Gomez, Pavel Sorokin, L. Bimbot, T. P. Smith, G. Rutledge, E. Lakuriki, B. D. Milbrath, M. K. Jones, N. M. Piskunov, M. Kuss, Ronald Gilman, M. Iodice, L. A. Ewell, James J. Kelly, F. Xiong, L. Pentchev, Ronald Ransome, W. U. Boeglin, Nilanga Liyanage, Branislav Vlahovic, E. Cisbani, Laird Kramer, Justin I. McIntyre, J. Domingo, Kevin Fissum, George Dan Zainea, and R. Michaels
Subjects: Physics, Quark, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, Proton, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Polarimeter, Electron, Polarization (waves), 01 natural sciences, Nuclear physics, Transverse plane, Magnetization, 0103 physical sciences, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: The ratio of the proton elastic electromagnetic form factors, GEp/GMp, was obtained by measuring Pt and P, the transverse and longitudinal recoil proton polarization components, respectively, for the elastic epepreaction in the four-momentum transfer squared range of 0.5 to 3.5 GeV2. In the single-photon exchange approximation, GEp/GMp is directly proportional to Pt/P. The simultaneous measurement of Pt and P in a polarimeter reduces systematic uncertainties. The results for GEp/GMp show a systematic decrease with increasing Q2, indicating for the first time a definite difference in the distribution of charge and magnetization in the proton. The data have been reanalyzed and their systematic uncertainties have become significantly smaller than those reported previously. (Less)
Published: 2005

121. [Determination of 14 elements in chromium-rich brewer's yeast by ICP-AES]

Author: W, Ding, Q, Qian, Z, Chai, X, Hou, C, Chen, and W, Feng
Subjects: Chromium, Metals, Spectrophotometry, Atomic, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Elements
Abstract: An ICP-AES method was established for the determination of 14 elements in chromium-rich and normal brewer's yeast. The RSDs of two standard reference materials were 0. 5%-3.2% and 0.4%-3.4%, respectively. The results showed that chromium contents could affect the concentrations of other elements in chromium-rich brewer's yeast. The concentrations of K, Mn, P, V, Mg and Ca in chromium-rich brewer's yeast were significantly lower than those in normal brewer's yeast.
Published: 2005

122. Energy Dependence of Elliptic Flow over a Large Pseudorapidity Range inAu+AuCollisions at the BNL Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider

Author: Alice Mignerey, H. Seals, R. Bindel, Chia-Ming Kuo, Inkyu Park, M. Ballintijn, N. George, A. Budzanowski, W. Skulski, David Jonathan Hofman, J. Hamblen, K. Gulbrandsen, A. Iordanova, W. T. Lin, Burt Holzman, J. Katzy, P. Sarin, Andrzej Olszewski, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, Edward Allen Wenger, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, R. Holynski, Christof Roland, Barbara Wosiek, P. Kulinich, Gunther Roland, A. H. Wuosmaa, F. L. H. Wolfs, Marguerite Tonjes, D. McLeod, B. B. Back, N. Khan, M. P. Decowski, A. Sukhanov, C. Reed, M. Hauer, I. Sedykh, George Stephans, E. García, R. S. Hollis, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, Wit Busza, D. S. Barton, A. A. Bickley, T. Gburek, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, Z. Chai, R. Pak, J. Sagerer, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Jaw-Luen Tang, A. S. Carroll, R. Verdier, C. Halliwell, W. Kucewicz, S.S. Vaurynovich, M. Reuter, M. D. Baker, M. A. Stankiewicz, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, E. Johnson, K. Woźniak, P. Sawicki, L. P. Remsberg, C. E. Smith, Bolek Wyslouch, L.J. Rosenberg, S. Gushue, and G. A. Heintzelman
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Elliptic flow, General Physics and Astronomy, Linearity, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, Particle, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, Beam (structure)
Abstract: This Letter describes the measurement of the energy dependence of elliptic flow for charged particles in Au+Au collisions using the PHOBOS detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data taken at collision energies of square root of s(NN)=19.6, 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV are shown over a wide range in pseudorapidity. These results, when plotted as a function of eta(')=|eta|-y(beam), scale with approximate linearity throughout eta('), implying no sharp changes in the dynamics of particle production as a function of pseudorapidity or increasing beam energy.
Published: 2005

123. Measurement of theHe3(e,e′p)pnReaction at High Missing Energies and Momenta

Author: H. Ueno, R. W. Lourie, C. C. Chang, G. Quéméner, R. Iomni, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, A. Hotta, Douglas Higinbotham, M. K. Jones, X. Jiang, D. J. Margaziotis, E. Liatard, V. A. Punjabi, R. Roche, M. B. Epstein, Nilanga Liyanage, M. Kuss, P. E. Ulmer, William Bertozzi, A. Frahi-Amroun, Sonja Dieterich, F. Garibaldi, S. Strauch, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, F. Merchez, A. Saha, Ronald Gilman, M. Rvachev, J. R. Calarco, Raphael Noel Tieulent, Shalev Gilad, C. W. de Jager, Christophe Furget, K. A. Aniol, Pete Markowitz, J. S. Real, E. Voutier, J. M. Finn, B. Hu, F. Sabatié, J. C. Cornejo, P. Djawotho, Ronald Ransome, Z. Chai, John C. Mitchell, J. Mougey, F. Butaru, J. A. Templon, E. Penel-Nottaris, E. Cisbani, R. De Leo, S. Malov, C. F. Perdrisat, S. Kox, J. P. Chen, R. Suleiman, G. M. Urciuoli, W. U. Boeglin, D. Simon, S. Frullani, A. Cochran, James J. Kelly, Mauro Iodice, Fatiha Benmokhtar, Charles Glashausser, Tadaaki Tamae, E. Chudakov, J. O. Hansen, Olivier Gayou, W. Duran, Kevin Fissum, J. M. Laget, K. Wijesooriya, and R. Michaels
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Nuclear Theory, Theoretical models, General Physics and Astronomy, Energy–momentum relation, 01 natural sciences, Omega, Nuclear physics, Pion, Density distribution, Helium-3, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics
Abstract: Results of the Jefferson Lab Hall A quasielastic 3He(e,e'p)pn measurements are presented. These measurements were performed at fixed transferred momentum and energy, q=1502 MeV/c and omega=840 MeV, respectively, for missing momenta p(m) up to 1 GeV/c and missing energies in the continuum region, up to pion threshold; this kinematic coverage is much more extensive than that of any previous experiment. The cross section data are presented along with the effective momentum density distribution and compared to theoretical models.
Published: 2005

124. Centrality Dependence of Charged Hadron Transverse Momentum Spectra inAu+AuCollisions fromsNN=62.4to 200 GeV

Author: Bolek Wyslouch, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, Chia-Ming Kuo, Barbara Wosiek, J. Sagerer, J. L. Kane, M. Ballintijn, S. Manly, K. Gulbrandsen, Marguerite Tonjes, J. Hamblen, A. Iordanova, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, S. S. Vaurynovich, M. A. Stankiewicz, A. Sukhanov, D. S. Barton, M. Hauer, R. S. Hollis, Burt Holzman, A. S. Carroll, A. A. Bickley, P. Kulinich, R. Verdier, B. B. Back, N. Khan, Wit Busza, R. Pak, Gunther Roland, I. Sedykh, T. Gburek, Christof Roland, Z. Chai, E. García, R. Holynski, Krzysztof Woźniak, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, N. George, C. Halliwell, W. T. Lin, M. P. Decowski, M. D. Baker, C. E. Smith, Andrzej Olszewski, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, E. Johnson, Edward Allen Wenger, F. L. H. Wolfs, George Stephans, H. Seals, C. Reed, David Jonathan Hofman, and C. Vale
Subjects: Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Factorization, Pseudorapidity, 0103 physical sciences, Transverse momentum, Production (computer science), Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Centrality, Energy (signal processing)
Abstract: We have measured transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in $\mathrm{A}\mathrm{u}+\mathrm{A}\mathrm{u}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=62.4\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}$. The spectra are presented for transverse momenta $0.25l{p}_{T}l4.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/c$, in a pseudorapidity range of $0.2l\ensuremath{\eta}l1.4$. The nuclear modification factor ${R}_{AA}$ is calculated relative to $p+p$ data at the same collision energy as a function of collision centrality. For $2l{p}_{T}l4.5\text{ }\text{ }\mathrm{G}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{V}/c$, ${R}_{AA}$ is found to be significantly larger than in $\mathrm{A}\mathrm{u}+\mathrm{A}\mathrm{u}$ collisions at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=$ 130 and 200 GeV. In contrast to the large change in ${R}_{AA}$, we observe a very similar centrality evolution of the ${p}_{T}$ spectra at $\sqrt{{s}_{NN}}=62.4$ and 200 GeV. The dynamical origin of this surprising factorization of energy and centrality dependence of particle production in heavy-ion collisions remains to be understood.
Published: 2005

125. Quasielastic 3He(e,e'p)2H reaction at Q2 = 1.5 GeV2 for recoil momenta up to 1 GeV/c

Author: M M, Rvachev, F, Benmokhtar, E, Penel-Nottaris, K A, Aniol, W, Bertozzi, W U, Boeglin, F, Butaru, J R, Calarco, Z, Chai, C C, Chang, J-P, Chen, E, Chudakov, E, Cisbani, A, Cochran, J, Cornejo, S, Dieterich, P, Djawotho, W, Duran, M B, Epstein, J M, Finn, K G, Fissum, A, Frahi-Amroun, S, Frullani, C, Furget, F, Garibaldi, O, Gayou, S, Gilad, R, Gilman, C, Glashausser, J-O, Hansen, D W, Higinbotham, A, Hotta, B, Hu, M, Iodice, R, Iomni, C W, de Jager, X, Jiang, M K, Jones, J J, Kelly, S, Kox, M, Kuss, J M, Laget, R, De Leo, J J, Lerose, E, Liatard, R, Lindgren, N, Liyanage, R W, Lourie, S, Malov, D J, Margaziotis, P, Markowitz, F, Merchez, R, Michaels, J, Mitchell, J, Mougey, C F, Perdrisat, V A, Punjabi, G, Quéméner, R D, Ransome, J-S, Réal, R, Roché, F, Sabatié, A, Saha, D, Simon, S, Strauch, R, Suleiman, T, Tamae, J A, Templon, R, Tieulent, H, Ueno, P E, Ulmer, G M, Urciuoli, E, Voutier, K, Wijesooriya, and B, Wojtsekhowski
Abstract: We have studied the quasielastic 3He(e,e(')p)2H reaction in perpendicular coplanar kinematics, with the energy and the momentum transferred by the electron fixed at 840 MeV and 1502 MeV/c, respectively. The 3He(e,e(')p)2H cross section was measured for missing momenta up to 1000 MeV/c, while the A(TL) asymmetry was extracted for missing momenta up to 660 MeV/c. For missing momenta up to 150 MeV/c, the cross section is described by variational calculations using modern 3He wave functions. For missing momenta from 150 to 750 MeV/c, strong final-state interaction effects are observed. Near 1000 MeV/c, the experimental cross section is more than an order of magnitude larger than predicted by available theories. The A(TL) asymmetry displays characteristic features of broken factorization with a structure that is similar to that generated by available models.
Published: 2004

126. Energy dependence of elliptic flow over a large pseudorapidity range in Au+Au collisions at the BNL relativistic heavy ion collider

Author: B B, Back, M D, Baker, M, Ballintijn, D S, Barton, R R, Betts, A A, Bickley, R, Bindel, A, Budzanowski, W, Busza, A, Carroll, Z, Chai, M P, Decowski, E, García, T, Gburek, N, George, K, Gulbrandsen, S, Gushue, C, Halliwell, J, Hamblen, M, Hauer, G A, Heintzelman, C, Henderson, D J, Hofman, R S, Hollis, R, Hołyński, B, Holzman, A, Iordanova, E, Johnson, J L, Kane, J, Katzy, N, Khan, W, Kucewicz, P, Kulinich, C M, Kuo, W T, Lin, S, Manly, D, McLeod, A C, Mignerey, R, Nouicer, A, Olszewski, R, Pak, I C, Park, H, Pernegger, C, Reed, L P, Remsberg, M, Reuter, C, Roland, G, Roland, L, Rosenberg, J, Sagerer, P, Sarin, P, Sawicki, H, Seals, I, Sedykh, W, Skulski, C E, Smith, M A, Stankiewicz, P, Steinberg, G S F, Stephans, A, Sukhanov, J-L, Tang, M B, Tonjes, A, Trzupek, C, Vale, G J, van Nieuwenhuizen, S S, Vaurynovich, R, Verdier, G I, Veres, E, Wenger, F L H, Wolfs, B, Wosiek, K, Woźniak, A H, Wuosmaa, and B, Wysłouch
Abstract: This Letter describes the measurement of the energy dependence of elliptic flow for charged particles in Au+Au collisions using the PHOBOS detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider. Data taken at collision energies of square root of s(NN)=19.6, 62.4, 130, and 200 GeV are shown over a wide range in pseudorapidity. These results, when plotted as a function of eta(')=|eta|-y(beam), scale with approximate linearity throughout eta('), implying no sharp changes in the dynamics of particle production as a function of pseudorapidity or increasing beam energy.
Published: 2004

127. Parity-violating electroweak asymmetry ine⃗pscattering

Author: J. Jardillier, Baris T. Tonguc, I. Younus, G. Rutledge, V. A. Punjabi, Mauro Iodice, F. Marie, R. Michaels, G. M. Urciuoli, D. J. Margaziotis, T. Pussieux, M. Leuschner, I. K. Kominis, X. Jiang, Justin I. McIntyre, R. De Leo, M. Coman, K. Wijesooriya, J. R. Calarco, P. Mastromarino, Andre Fleck, N. Falletto, T. Averett, B. Frois, Richard Madey, Marcus Spradlin, T. B. Humensky, Paul Souder, W. Xu, Olfred Hansen, T. Teresawa, D. Relyea, J.P. Jorda, Ronald Ransome, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, James J. Kelly, J. Gao, J. Roche, M. Liang, G. Quéméner, B. D. Milbrath, F. Sabatié, A. Gasparian, J. A. Templon, D. W. Higinbotham, C. C. Chang, Kevin Fissum, M. B. Epstein, K. S. Kumar, J. Thompson, R. J. Woo, L. Todor, Gordon D. Cates, R. I. Pomatsalyuk, D. S. Dale, R. W. Lourie, J. M. Finn, A. Saha, John C. Mitchell, R. Suleiman, G. W. Miller, Daijin Kim, C. Jutier, R. Holmes, Sebastien Incerti, S. Malov, E. Burtin, M. Holtrop, W. Kahl, S. Strauch, P. E. Ulmer, P. Markowitz, S. Frullani, M. J. Kim, P. M. Rutt, Y. Roblin, D. Lhuillier, David L. Prout, G. M. Gerstner, Min Suk Kim, Jian-Ping Chen, F. Garibaldi, D. S. Armstrong, J. J. LeRose, K. Kramer, V. Gorbenko, M. Rvachev, J. Martino, G. G. Petratos, Edgar E. Kooijman, Z. E. Meziani, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, D. Neyret, Raphael Noel Tieulent, M. Baylac, F. W. Hersman, L. A. Ewell, J. S. Price, C. Cavata, Nilanga Liyanage, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, Richard Wilson, Branislav Vlahovic, E. Cisbani, J. Gomez, C. Zhang, L. Morand, Ronald Gilman, K. McCormick, E. Chudakov, P. Djawotho, Stephanie Escoffier, M. K. Jones, C. Pedrisat, M. Kuss, and A. Deur
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Elastic scattering, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Hadron, Elementary particle, 01 natural sciences, Asymmetry, Baryon, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, media_common, Lepton
Abstract: We have measured the parity-violating electroweak asymmetry in the elastic scattering of polarized electrons from protons. Significant contributions to this asymmetry could arise from the contributions of strange form factors in the nucleon. The measured asymmetry is $A=\ensuremath{-}15.05\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.98(\mathrm{stat})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.56(\mathrm{syst})\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}\mathrm{ppm}$ at the kinematic point $⟨{\ensuremath{\theta}}_{\mathrm{lab}}⟩=12.3\ifmmode^\circ\else\textdegree\fi{}$ and $⟨{Q}^{2}⟩=0.477\phantom{\rule{0.3em}{0ex}}{(\mathrm{GeV}∕c)}^{2}$. Based on these data as well as data on electromagnetic form factors, we extract the linear combination of strange form factors ${G}_{E}^{s}+0.392{G}_{M}^{s}=0.014\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.020\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.010$, where the first error arises from this experiment and the second arises from the electromagnetic form factor data. This paper provides a full description of the special experimental techniques employed for precisely measuring the small asymmetry, including the first use of a strained GaAs crystal and a laser-Compton polarimeter in a fixed target parity-violation experiment.
Published: 2004

128. Measurement of the Generalized Forward Spin Polarizabilities of the Neutron

Author: G. G. Petratos, Arijit Saha, Z. E. Meziani, John C. Mitchell, W. Xu, M. Liang, Gordon D. Cates, T. Black, E. Lakuriqi, E. J. Brash, C. E. Jones, J. M. Finn, R. Holmes, T. Averett, Shalev Gilad, Baile Zhang, T. Saito, C. W. de Jager, S. Strauch, A. Deur, J. R. Calarco, B. Humensky, Seonho Choi, R. D. McKeown, H. Voskanian, F. Garibaldi, J. O. Hansen, Hiroshi Ueno, I. K. Kominis, L. Todor, Hiroaki Tsubota, D. S. Brown, Y. Roblin, X. Jiang, G. J. Lolos, P. Djawotho, Sonja Dieterich, A. Gasparian, G. J. Kumbartzki, Karl Slifer, A. Ketikyan, J. Berthot, Ronald Gilman, J. C. Yang, S. Malov, E. Burtin, Paul Souder, S. Jensen, Sebastien Incerti, G. Laveissière, G. Jones, Jiansong Gao, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, Charles Glashausser, L. B. Auerbach, P.Y. Bertin, K. McCormick, S. Frullani, B. Hersman, D. Pripstein, J. J. LeRose, P. Vernin, H. Fonvieille, V. Gorbenko, Jian-Ping Chen, E. W. Hughes, Wolfgang Korsch, S. Teijiro, G. M. Huber, C. Jutier, M. K. Jones, Haiyan Gao, K. Kramer, J. Marroncle, David L. Prout, Nilanga Liyanage, F. Sabatié, R. Michaels, R. L.J. van der Meer, M. Rvachev, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, M. Kuss, R. DiSalvo, E. Chudakov, Kevin Fissum, R. Suleiman, E. Cisbani, P. A. Zolnierczuk, J. Gomez, M. Amarian, F. Xiong, Ronald Ransome, D. Rowntree, Koji Takahashi, Z. Papandreou, T. Pavlin, K. S. Kumar, Mauro Iodice, G. M. Urciuoli, William Bertozzi, E. Goldberg, Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and E94010
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Chiral perturbation theory, Spin polarization, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, General Physics and Astronomy, 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Baryon, Polarizability, Quantum mechanics, Quantum electrodynamics, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Perturbation theory, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Nuclear Experiment, Spin-½
Abstract: The generalized forward spin polarizabilities $\gamma_0$ and $\delta_{LT}$ of the neutron have been extracted for the first time in a $Q^2$ range from 0.1 to 0.9 GeV$^2$. Since $\gamma_0$ is sensitive to nucleon resonances and $\delta_{LT}$ is insensitive to the $\Delta$ resonance, it is expected that the pair of forward spin polarizabilities should provide benchmark tests of the current understanding of the chiral dynamics of QCD. The new results on $\delta_{LT}$ show significant disagreement with Chiral Perturbation Theory calculations, while the data for $\gamma_0$ at low $Q^2$ are in good agreement with a next-to-lead order Relativistic Baryon Chiral Perturbation theory calculation. The data show good agreement with the phenomenological MAID model., Comment: 5 pages, 2 figures, corrected typo in author name, published in PRL
Published: 2004

129. Centrality dependence of charged hadron transverse momentum spectra in Au+Au collisions from sqrt[s(NN)]=62.4 to 200 GeV

Author: B B, Back, M D, Baker, M, Ballintijn, D S, Barton, R R, Betts, A A, Bickley, R, Bindel, W, Busza, A, Carroll, Z, Chai, M P, Decowski, E, García, T, Gburek, N, George, K, Gulbrandsen, C, Halliwell, J, Hamblen, M, Hauer, C, Henderson, D J, Hofman, R S, Hollis, R, Hołyński, B, Holzman, A, Iordanova, E, Johnson, J L, Kane, N, Khan, P, Kulinich, C M, Kuo, W T, Lin, S, Manly, A C, Mignerey, R, Nouicer, A, Olszewski, R, Pak, C, Reed, C, Roland, G, Roland, J, Sagerer, H, Seals, I, Sedykh, C E, Smith, M A, Stankiewicz, P, Steinberg, G S F, Stephans, A, Sukhanov, M B, Tonjes, A, Trzupek, C, Vale, G J, van Nieuwenhuizen, S S, Vaurynovich, R, Verdier, G I, Veres, E, Wenger, F L H, Wolfs, B, Wosiek, K, Woźniak, and B, Wysłouch
Abstract: We have measured transverse momentum distributions of charged hadrons produced in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=62.4 GeV. The spectra are presented for transverse momenta 0.25p(T)4.5 GeV/c, in a pseudorapidity range of 0.2eta1.4. The nuclear modification factor R(AA) is calculated relative to p+p data at the same collision energy as a function of collision centrality. For 2p(T)4.5 GeV/c, R(AA) is found to be significantly larger than in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]= 130 and 200 GeV. In contrast to the large change in R(AA), we observe a very similar centrality evolution of the p(T) spectra at sqrt[s(NN)]=62.4 and 200 GeV. The dynamical origin of this surprising factorization of energy and centrality dependence of particle production in heavy-ion collisions remains to be understood.
Published: 2004

130. Precision Measurement of the Neutron Spin AsymmetryA1nand Spin-Flavor Decomposition in the Valence Quark Region

Author: E. Burtin, J. Gomez, William Bertozzi, Pete Markowitz, R. De Leo, Antonin Vacheret, D. J. Steiner, Jian-Ping Chen, S. Širca, S. Strauch, F. Marie, Baile Zhang, Paul Souder, S. K. Nanda, T. Averett, G. M. Urciuoli, H. Xiang, Sonja Dieterich, Haiyan Gao, Xiaofeng Zhu, S. Frullani, V. Sulkosky, A. Powell, X. Zheng, Dipanwita Dutta, A. Saha, D. J. Margaziotis, K. McCormick, Shalev Gilad, D. Lhuillier, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, Bryan J. Moffit, R. Roche, F. Garibaldi, D. S. Armstrong, J. R. Calarco, T. Horn, L. J. Kaufman, S. Binet, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, F. Cusanno, E. Chudakov, E. Busato, Wolfgang Korsch, J. O. Hansen, A. Deur, C. Butuceanu, J. Roche, M. Roedelbronn, Karl Slifer, P. Solvignon, T. Pussieux, X. Jiang, B. Reitz, Z. Chai, M. Rvachev, Y. Xiao, D. Neyret, F. Xiong, Nilanga Liyanage, L. Zhu, J. J. LeRose, Z. E. Meziani, J. M. Finn, Guy Ron, Jiansong Gao, Seonho Choi, Ronald Gilman, A. Camsonne, Douglas Higinbotham, Jaideep Singh, James J. Kelly, N. Savvinov, K. Kramer, Adam M. Tobias, Gordon D. Cates, S. K. Phillips, R. Michaels, P. A. Zolnierczuk, and W. Hinton
Subjects: Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, Quark, Particle physics, Nuclear Theory, Hadron, Quark model, General Physics and Astronomy, Constituent quark, Deep inelastic scattering, Nuclear physics, Baryon, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: We have measured the neutron spin asymmetry A{sub 1}{sup n} with high precision at three kinematics in the deep inelastic region at x = 0.33, 0.47 and 0.60, and Q{sup 2} = 2.7, 3.5 and 4.8 (GeV/c){sup 2}, respectively. Our results unambiguously show, for the first time, that A{sub 1}{sup n} crosses zero around x = 0.47 and becomes significantly positive at x = 0.60. Combined with the world proton data, polarized quark distributions were extracted. Our results, in general, agree with relativistic constituent quark models and with perturbative quantum chromodynamics (pQCD) analyses based on the earlier data. However they deviate from pQCD predictions based on hadron helicity conservation.
Published: 2004

131. The PHOBOS Perspective on Discoveries at RHIC

Author: S. S. Vaurynovich, Barbara Wosiek, E. García, A. S. Harrington, C. Halliwell, A. Iordanova, P. Kulinich, W. Kucewicz, D. McLeod, Chia-Ming Kuo, C. E. Smith, S. Gushue, R. Holynski, N. George, Z. Chai, M. Ballintijn, W. Skulski, Bruce Becker, L. P. Remsberg, G. A. Heintzelman, David Jonathan Hofman, Andrzej Olszewski, R. Pak, T. Gburek, Russell Richard Betts, Conor Henderson, J.W. Lee, Krzysztof Woźniak, J. Hamblen, M. Reuter, R. S. Hollis, K. Gulbrandsen, C. Vale, Heinz Pernegger, Gabor Istvan Veres, Peter Steinberg, M. D. Baker, J. Sagerer, G. S. F. Stephans, Burt Holzman, Edward Allen Wenger, J. Katzy, Jaw-Luen Tang, Marguerite Tonjes, F.L.H. Wolfs, E. Johnson, Rachid Nouicer, Adam Trzupek, A. Sukhanov, Boleslaw Wyslouch, Pankaj Sarin, C. Reed, M. Hauer, P. Sawicki, L.J. Rosenberg, Gunther Roland, B.B. Back, M. A. Stankiewicz, Wit Busza, I. Sedykh, H. Seals, G. Van Nieuwenhuizen, A. S. Carroll, Jian Zhang, R. Verdier, Inkyu Park, J. L. Kane, S. Manly, A. H. Wuosmaa, N. Khan, Alice Mignerey, R. Bindel, A. Budzanowski, M. P. Decowski, Willis Lin, Christof Roland, D. S. Barton, and A. A. Bickley
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), Particle physics, Elliptic flow, FOS: Physical sciences, Rest frame, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, Pseudorapidity, Quark–gluon plasma, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nucleon, Jet quenching, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: This paper describes the conclusions that can be drawn from the data taken thus far with the PHOBOS detector at RHIC. In the most central Au+Au collisions at the highest beam energy, evidence is found for the formation of a very high energy density system whose description in terms of simple hadronic degrees of freedom is inappropriate. Furthermore, the constituents of this novel system are found to undergo a significant level of interaction. The properties of particle production at RHIC energies are shown to follow a number of simple scaling behaviors, some of which continue trends found at lower energies or in simpler systems. As a function of centrality, the total number of charged particles scales with the number of participating nucleons. When comparing Au+Au at different centralities, the dependence of the yield on the number of participants at higher pT (~4 GeV/c) is very similar to that at low transverse momentum. The measured values of charged particle pseudorapidity density and elliptic flow were found to be independent of energy over a broad range of pseudorapidities when effectively viewed in the rest frame of one of the colliding nuclei, a property we describe as "extended longitudinal scaling''. Finally, the centrality and energy dependences of several observables were found to factorize to a surprising degree., Comment: PHOBOS White Paper on discoveries at RHIC; 93 pages, 44 figures; revised with improvements in wording, no changes to content or conclusions
Published: 2004
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132. Basic instrumentation for Hall A at Jefferson Lab

Author: T. Pussieux, Paul Souder, J. H. Mitchell, Y. Roblin, O. Ravel, E. Chudakov, K. A. Griffioen, C. Cavata, J. A. Templon, H. F. Ibrahim, J. S. McCarthy, M. A. Stevens, D. P. Watts, B. Frois, W. J. Schneider, Dipangkar Dutta, R. Di Salvo, R. I. Pomatsalyuk, A. Soldi, G. J. Kumbartzki, Arijit Saha, N. Colombel, J. Berthot, Jing Zhao, A. J. Sarty, B. D. Anderson, J. Martine, M. Coman, R. Michaels, M. B. Epstein, R. W. Lourie, J. O. Hansen, N. Degrande, J. Mclntyre, John Arrington, L. Zhu, W. Kahl, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, P. Djawotho, M. Leuschner, William Bertozzi, K. A. Aniol, A. Gasparian, Karl Slifer, Jrm Annand, C. F. Perdrisat, D. Pripstein, M. Baylac, S. Kox, X. Jiang, K. Kramer, H. Breuer, David Hamilton, Jian-Ping Chen, T. Averett, L. B. Auerbach, G. A. Rutledge, G. Quéméner, Stephanie Escoffier, P.Y. Bertin, R. Suleiman, R. Carr, Pete Markowitz, A. Deur, Z. Papandreou, R. L. Walter, R. D. McKeown, T. P. Gorringe, M. Rvachev, R. Holmes, S. Churchwell, J. Marroncle, S. Platchkov, M. Khandaker, M. Liang, L. Pierangeli, K. Kino, A. Ketikyan, Kevin Fissum, F. W. Hersman, J. LeRose, F. Giuliani, P. E. Ulmer, Roberto Perrino, R. De Leo, J. Gao, L. A. Ewell, S. Jensen, R. Crateri, Shalev Gilad, C. W. de Jager, D. Lhuillier, J.E. Ducret, M. Gricia, R. Iommi, F. Sabatavenere, P. A. Zolnierczuk, K. Wijesooriya, Alan M. Nathan, D. Rowntree, E. Voutier, H. Holmgren, S. K. Nanda, D. G. Meekins, K. S. Egiyan, C. R. Howell, A. Serdarevic-Offermann, Hiroaki Tsubota, D. G. Zainea, J. R. Calarco, S. Esp, T. Terasawa, Vincent Breton, C. C. Chang, J. Domingo, T. Black, A. T. Katramatou, S. Kerhoas, F. Santavenere, J. Y. Mougey, R. Van de Vyver, G. M. Urciuoli, Seigo Kato, G. M. Huber, B. Reitz, E. J. Beise, K. S. Kumar, F. Garibaldi, Pavel Sorokin, G. J. Lolos, M. Lucentini, J. Segal, H. Xiang, D. V. Boykin, W. U. Boeglin, C. Glashausser, E. Cisbani, A. Leone, R. D. Ransomez, Gordon D. Cates, Sonja Dieterich, H. Voskanyan, C. Jutier, R. L.J. van der Meer, Olivier Gayou, James A. Miller, L. Van Hoorebeke, Sebastien Incerti, J. Jardillier, L. Cardman, James J. Kelly, F. Xiong, S. Jaminion, I. K. Kominis, K. McCormick, P. Vernin, P. M. Rutt, A. Petrosyan, David L. Prout, Nilanga Liyanage, L. Lagamba, X. Zheng, S. L. Spiegel, Branislav Vlahovic, Leonid Levchuk, Mauro Iodice, Larry Weinstein, F. Marie, D. G. Ireland, N. S. Chant, David Manley, V. A. Punjabi, C. E. Jones, J. Gomez, Wolfgang Korsch, W. Xu, J. W. Watson, M. Roedelbronn, F. T. Baker, Z. E. Meziani, T. Saito, S. Frullani, H. Ueno, E. J. Brash, R. Roche, E. Hovhannisyan, C. E. Hyde-Wright, N. d'Hose, L. Bimbot, G. Laveissière, R. Madey, Kazushige Maeda, A. Gavalya, W. Miller, D. Neyret, T. P. Smith, B. Diederich, E. Burtin, M. Holtrop, L. Todor, G. Dezern, Z. L. Zhou, K. Livingston, D. S. Dale, V. Zeps, S. Mayilyan, E. Folts, B. D. Milbrath, Haiyan Gao, J. M. Finn, O. Rondon-Aramayo, R. A. Lindgren, V. Gorbenko, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, E. A.J.M. Offermann, S. Malov, J. Alcorn, S. Strauch, A. Shahinyan, G. Rosner, H. Fonvieille, P. G. Roos, E. W. Hughes, K. Joo, D. S. Brown, P. Brindza, G. G. Petratos, S. van Verst, M. Khayat, S. Colilli, Douglas Higinbotham, M. K. Jones, D. J. Margaziotis, M. Kuss, Seonho Choi, Ronald Gilman, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (Jefferson Lab), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (LPSC), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HALL A, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), and Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Spectrometer, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Cryogenics, Scintillator, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Particle identification, Magnetic field, Nuclear physics, Cardinal point, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract: The instrumentation in Hall A at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility was designed to study electro-and photo-induced reactions at very high luminosity and good momentum and angular resolution for at least one of the reaction products. The central components of Hall A are two identical high resolution spectrometers, which allow the vertical drift chambers in the focal plane to provide a momentum resolution of better than 2 x 10(-4). A variety of Cherenkov counters, scintillators and lead-glass calorimeters provide excellent particle identification. The facility has been operated successfully at a luminosity well in excess of 10(38) CM-2 s(-1). The research program is aimed at a variety of subjects, including nucleon structure functions, nucleon form factors and properties of the nuclear medium. (C) 2003 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Published: 2004

133. Precision Measurement of the Neutron Spin Asymmetries and Spin-dependent Structure Functions in the Valence Quark Region

Author: Z. Chai, Douglas Higinbotham, G. M. Urciuoli, J. R. Calarco, L. J. Kaufman, D. J. Margaziotis, T. Averett, V. Sulkosky, Baile Zhang, S. K. Nanda, W. Hinton, Haiyan Gao, B. Reitz, Dipangkar Dutta, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, E. Chudakov, Paul Souder, Nilanga Liyanage, Jaideep Singh, J. O. Hansen, Sonja Dieterich, L. Zhu, F. Garibaldi, D. S. Armstrong, F. Cusanno, F. Marie, Karl Slifer, C. Butuceanu, William Bertozzi, Z. E. Meziani, A. Deur, Jiansong Gao, D. J. Steiner, A. Powell, Seonho Choi, Jian-Ping Chen, K. McCormick, Pete Markowitz, J. Gomez, P. Solvignon, E. Burtin, J. LeRose, Ronald Gilman, R. De Leo, A. Camsonne, Arijit Saha, S. Frullani, J. M. Finn, X. Zheng, D. Lhuillier, Xiaofeng Zhu, Guy Ron, F. Xiong, S. Širca, S. Strauch, D. Neyret, Antonin Vacheret, T. Horn, S. Binet, Wolfgang Korsch, Hua Xiang, M. Roedelbronn, R. Roche, T. Pussieux, X. Jiang, M. Rvachev, Y. Xiao, Emmanuel Busato, Gordon D. Cates, S. K. Phillips, Shalev Gilad, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, R. Michaels, Bryan J. Moffit, J. Roche, P. A. Zolnierczuk, James J. Kelly, N. Savvinov, K. Kramer, Adam M. Tobias, Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and HALL A
Subjects: Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Hadron, Constituent quark, FOS: Physical sciences, Parton, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 01 natural sciences, High Energy Physics - Experiment, 13.60.Hb, 24.85.+p, 25.30.-c, Nuclear physics, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment, Quantum chromodynamics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Perturbative QCD, Deep inelastic scattering, Baryon, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: We report on measurements of the neutron spin asymmetries $A_{1,2}^n$ and polarized structure functions $g_{1,2}^n$ at three kinematics in the deep inelastic region, with $x=0.33$, 0.47 and 0.60 and $Q^2=2.7$, 3.5 and 4.8 (GeV/c)$^2$, respectively. These measurements were performed using a 5.7 GeV longitudinally-polarized electron beam and a polarized $^3$He target. The results for $A_1^n$ and $g_1^n$ at $x=0.33$ are consistent with previous world data and, at the two higher $x$ points, have improved the precision of the world data by about an order of magnitude. The new $A_1^n$ data show a zero crossing around $x=0.47$ and the value at $x=0.60$ is significantly positive. These results agree with a next-to-leading order QCD analysis of previous world data. The trend of data at high $x$ agrees with constituent quark model predictions but disagrees with that from leading-order perturbative QCD (pQCD) assuming hadron helicity conservation. Results for $A_2^n$ and $g_2^n$ have a precision comparable to the best world data in this kinematic region. Combined with previous world data, the moment $d_2^n$ was evaluated and the new result has improved the precision of this quantity by about a factor of two. When combined with the world proton data, polarized quark distribution functions were extracted from the new $g_1^n/F_1^n$ values based on the quark parton model. While results for $\Delta u/u$ agree well with predictions from various models, results for $\Delta d/d$ disagree with the leading-order pQCD prediction when hadron helicity conservation is imposed., Comment: A typing error in A_\parallel(3He) at x=0.47 in Table VII of Phys. Rev. C has been noticed and corrected
Published: 2004

134. Precision measurement of the neutron spin asymmetryA(n)(1) and spin-flavor decomposition in the valence quark region

Author: X, Zheng, K, Aniol, D S, Armstrong, T D, Averett, W, Bertozzi, S, Binet, E, Burtin, E, Busato, C, Butuceanu, J, Calarco, A, Camsonne, G D, Cates, Z, Chai, J-P, Chen, Seonho, Choi, E, Chudakov, F, Cusanno, R De, Leo, A, Deur, S, Dieterich, D, Dutta, J M, Finn, S, Frullani, H, Gao, J, Gao, F, Garibaldi, S, Gilad, R, Gilman, J, Gomez, J-O, Hansen, D W, Higinbotham, W, Hinton, T, Horn, C W, De Jager, X, Jiang, L, Kaufman, J, Kelly, W, Korsch, K, Kramer, J, LeRose, D, Lhuillier, N, Liyanage, D J, Margaziotis, F, Marie, P, Markowitz, K, McCormick, Z-E, Meziani, R, Michaels, B, Moffit, S, Nanda, D, Neyret, S K, Phillips, A, Powell, T, Pussieux, B, Reitz, J, Roche, R, Roche, M, Roedelbronn, G, Ron, M, Rvachev, A, Saha, N, Savvinov, J, Singh, S, Sirca, K, Slifer, P, Solvignon, P, Souder, D J, Steiner, S, Strauch, V, Sulkosky, A, Tobias, G, Urciuoli, A, Vacheret, B, Wojtsekhowski, H, Xiang, Y, Xiao, F, Xiong, B, Zhang, L, Zhu, X, Zhu, and P A, Zołnierczuk
Subjects: Nuclear Theory, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We have measured the neutron spin asymmetry A(n)(1) with high precision at three kinematics in the deep inelastic region at x=0.33, 0.47, and 0.60, and Q(2)=2.7, 3.5, and 4.8 (GeV/c)(2), respectively. Our results unambiguously show, for the first time, that A(n)(1) crosses zero around x=0.47 and becomes significantly positive at x=0.60. Combined with the world proton data, polarized quark distributions were extracted. Our results, in general, agree with relativistic constituent quark models and with perturbative quantum chromodynamics (PQCD) analyses based on the earlier data. However they deviate from PQCD predictions based on hadron helicity conservation.
Published: 2004

135. Polarization Transfer in theHe4(e→,e′p→)H3Reaction up toQ2=2.6 (GeV/c)2

Author: S. Strauch, Kevin Fissum, James J. Kelly, Paul Gueye, K. Wijesooriya, J. O. Hansen, G. Rosner, F. Garibaldi, Ronald Ransome, A. J. Sarty, C. E. Keppel, J. Nappa, C. Jones, J. D. Kellie, R. Michaels, D. P. Watts, William Bertozzi, T. A. Forest, D. J. Margaziotis, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, K. Livingston, E. Chudakov, C. Glashausser, M. Boswell, V. Gorbenko, J. M. Finn, Ronald Gilman, Nilanga Liyanage, D. Meekins, J. R. Vignote, M. B. Epstein, J. H. Mitchell, C. Jackson, J. LeRose, Douglas Higinbotham, M. K. Jones, R. De Leo, V. A. Punjabi, J. M. Udías, J. Gomez, J. F. J. van den Brand, Jrm Annand, Z. Chai, S. Frullani, M. Kuss, X. Jiang, Rolf Ent, Shalev Gilad, C. W. de Jager, R. Roche, B. Hu, F. Sabatié, A. Gasparian, A. Cochran, K. A. Aniol, Olivier Gayou, Jian-Ping Chen, Larry Weinstein, M. E. Christy, O. K. Baker, S. Malov, C. F. Perdrisat, G. M. Urciuoli, G. Kumbartzki, E. J. Brash, D. G. Ireland, C. E. Hyde-Wright, Sonja Dieterich, Arijit Saha, S. Nanda, M. Rvachev, and P. E. Ulmer
Subjects: Nuclear physics, Physics, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atomic physics, Proton recoil, Nuclear Experiment, Polarization (waves)
Abstract: We have measured the proton recoil polarization in the 4He(e-->,e(')p-->)4H reaction at Q(2)=0.5, 1.0, 1.6, and 2.6 (GeV/c)(2). The measured ratio of polarization transfer coefficients differs from a fully relativistic calculation, favoring the inclusion of a medium modification of the proton form factors predicted by a quark-meson coupling model. In addition, the measured induced polarizations agree reasonably well with the fully relativistic calculation indicating that the treatment of final-state interactions is under control.
Published: 2003

136. Plane-wave impulse approximation extraction of the neutron magnetic form factor from quasielastic3He→(e→,e′)atQ2=0.3to0.6(GeV/c)2

Author: G. G. Petratos, Z. E. Meziani, J. M. Finn, A. Saha, W. Xu, J. P. Chen, D. Pripstein, J. S. Jensen, C. E. Jones, K. McCormick, Dipangkar Dutta, C. R. Howell, P. Żołnierczuk, S. Churchwell, A. Kievsky, R. I. Pomatsalyuk, J. R. Calarco, Ronald Ransome, G. S. Corrado, T. Black, Sebastien Incerti, K. Kramer, E. Chudakov, Emanuele Pace, R. Holmes, John C. Mitchell, T.W. Donnelly, D. S. Dale, M. K. Jones, Gordon D. Cates, K. McIlhany, E. Lakuriqi, T. Averett, M. Liang, J. O. Hansen, G. J. Kumbartzki, B. D. Anderson, Jacek Golak, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, W. Glöckle, F. W. Hersman, S. Strauch, P. Djawotho, E. W. Hughes, D. W. Higinbotham, B. Humensky, Haiyan Gao, D. J. Margaziotis, C. F. Williamson, L. Auberbach, C. Glashausser, Karl Slifer, M. Sutter, J. Yeh, M. Viviani, Wolfgang Korsch, S. K. Nanda, M. Kuss, I. K. Kominis, C. W. de Jager, B. Tipton, William Bertozzi, F. Xiong, C. Crawford, J. W. Watson, Nilanga Liyanage, A. Deur, Hiroyuki Kamada, R. D. McKeown, R. Michaels, G. Salme, Y. Roblin, Branislav Vlahovic, Seonho Choi, L. S. Cardman, R. Suleiman, R. Kahl, L. Todor, S. Malov, J. Gomez, M. Schnee, J. W. Martin, Henryk Witała, Ronald Gilman, Paul Souder, T. Pavlin, G. W. Miller, David L. Prout, X. Jiang, M. Rvachev, T. Shin, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, J. J. LeRose, and V. Gorbenko
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear reaction, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Quasielastic scattering, Scattering, Magnetic form factor, Hadron, Momentum transfer, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, Nucleon
Abstract: A high precision measurement of the transverse spin-dependent asymmetry A_T' in ^3He(e,e') quasielastic scattering was performed in Hall A at Jefferson Lab at values of the squared four-momentum transfer, Q^2, between 0.1 and 0.6 (GeV/c)^2. A_(T') is sensitive to the neutron magnetic form factor, G_M^n . Values of G_M^n at Q^2 = 0.1 and 0.2 (GeV/c)^2, extracted using Faddeev calculations, were reported previously. Here, we report the extraction of G_M^n for the remaining Q^2 values in the range from 0.3 to 0.6 (GeV/c)^2 using a plane-wave impulse approximation calculation. The results are in good agreement with recent precision data from experiments using a deuterium target.
Published: 2003

137. A model of the knowledge compilation

Author: J. Wu, Z. Chai, and G. Cai
Subjects: Knowledge-based systems, Computer science, Knowledge compilation, Knowledge acquisition, Data science
Abstract: The authors explain their knowledge compilation model and discuss its implementation. The most important issues are examined. Despite the immaturity of the model, knowledge compilation has proven to be a useful tool. Research into the model continues. >
Published: 2002

138. Clinicopathological study on phyllodes tumor of the breast

Author: Fengyi, Shi, Haijun, Ye, and Z, Chai
Subjects: Phyllodes Tumor, Humans, Breast Neoplasms, Breast, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Mastectomy, Retrospective Studies
Abstract: To study the relationship between pathological features and classification criteria of the breast Phyllodes tumor.203 cases of breast phyllodes tumor diagnosed in 22 hospitals since 1956 were analyzed and reappraised by a retrospective study.133 cases were benign, 42 cases were borderline and 28 were malignant. The follow-up (6 to 372 months) showed that 28/133 benign, 19/42 borderline and 18/28 malignant cases recurred, and 17 patients (2 borderline and 15 malignant) died. The statistic cluster analysis demonstrated that stromal cellar atypia, margin involvement, mitotic activity and tumor necrosis were retained in the variable group, and no error distinguish were showed.The breast phyllodes tumor can be classified as the following three types: benign, borderline and malignant. It is important to diagnose and classify the breast phyllodes tumor according to the involvement of tumor margin, stromal cellar atypia, mitotic activity, stromal overgrowth and tumor necrosis. There are significant differences of 5 years survival rates, recurrent rates and death rates between the benign, borderline and malignant breast phyllodes tumor. With wide excision the recurrence of the tumor decreased suggesting that broad excision is preferred for the benign phyllodes tumor and mastectomy is indicated for recurred borderline and malignant tumors.
Published: 2002

139. Q2Evolution of the Generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn Integral for the Neutron using aH3eTarget

Author: Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, J. J. LeRose, V. Gorbenko, A. Saha, X. Jiang, E. Cisbani, Ronald Ransome, D. Rowntree, P. Djawotho, J. P. Chen, C. Glashausser, Gordon D. Cates, Karl Slifer, E. Lakuriqi, T. Averett, Paul Souder, G. M. Urciuoli, J. Berthot, E. J. Brash, Hiroshi Ueno, A. Ketikyan, S. Teijiro, T. Pavlin, F. Sabatié, Kevin Fissum, Jiansong Gao, K. S. Kumar, M. Amarian, F. Xiong, Nilanga Liyanage, G. Jones, C. E. Jones, M. Liang, R. DiSalvo, R. Suleiman, P. A. Zolnierczuk, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, Haiyan Gao, D. Pripstein, E. Chudakov, C. Jutier, R. Michaels, M. K. Jones, J. O. Hansen, S. Malov, P.Y. Bertin, M. Finn, S. Frullani, E. Burtin, J. Gomez, J. R. Calarco, David L. Prout, R. L.J. van der Meer, S. Jensen, Z. Papandreou, D. S. Brown, G. J. Lolos, M. Kuss, Mauro Iodice, M. Rvachev, K. Takahashi, William Bertozzi, A. Gasparian, H. Voskanian, G. M. Huber, F. Garibaldi, Sebastien Incerti, E. Goldberg, I. K. Kominis, Seonho Choi, S. Strauch, Shalev Gilad, L. B. Auerbach, C. W. de Jager, P. Vernin, Ronald Gilman, K. McCormick, Hiroaki Tsubota, H. Fonvieille, E. W. Hughes, Wolfgang Korsch, T. B. Humensky, W. Xu, Baile Zhang, A. Deur, R. D. McKeown, L. Todor, G. G. Petratos, Z. E. Meziani, T. Saito, Sonja Dieterich, K. Kramer, Y. Roblin, F. W. Hersman, J. Marroncle, John C. Mitchell, G. J. Kumbartzki, G. Laveissière, T. Black, R. Holmes, and J. C. Yang
Subjects: Physics, Range (particle radiation), Cross section.transverse, Particle physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Scattering, Nuclear Theory, General Physics and Astronomy, Virtual particle, Electron, 01 natural sciences, Resonance (particle physics), Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutron, Nuclear Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nucleon
Abstract: We present data on the inclusive scattering of polarized electrons from a polarized ^3He target at energies from 0.862 to 5.06 GeV, obtained at a scattering angle of 15.5°. Our data include measurements from the quasielastic peak, through the nucleon resonance region, and beyond, and were used to determine the virtual photon cross-section difference σ_(1/2)-σ_(3/2). We extract the extended Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn integral for the neutron in the range of four-momentum transfer squared Q^2 of 0.1–0.9 GeV^2.
Published: 2002

140. High energy angular distribution measurements of the exclusive deuteron photodisintegration reaction

Author: K. Benslama, B. D. Fox, R. I. Pomatsalyuk, J. O. Hansen, Arijit Saha, Olivier Gayou, P. Bosted, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, S. Dumalski, P. E. Ulmer, D. J. Margaziotis, E. Chudakov, Nilanga Liyanage, G. J. Kumbartzki, D. Crovelli, C. Glashausser, J. Calarco, A. J. Sarty, R. A. Lindgren, Kevin Fissum, S. Churchwell, S. Malov, V. Gorbenko, E. J. Brash, R. J. Holt, C. W. de Jager, C. E. Jones, K. A. Aniol, K. McCormick, K. Wijesooriya, C. F. Perdrisat, John C. Mitchell, W. Xu, M. K. Jones, J. Hovdebo, J. Gomez, Daniel Simon, C. C. Chang, Dipangkar Dutta, R. Suleiman, F. Xiong, L. Todor, Jian-Ping Chen, Sonja Dieterich, R. Roche, Ronald Ransome, R. Michaels, Anatoly Radyushkin, F. Garibaldi, J. Gao, S. Becher, G. M. Huber, James J. Kelly, M. B. Epstein, M. Amarian, G. M. Urciuoli, T. Chang, M. Liang, J. LeRose, E. R. Kinney, Haiyan Gao, M Rvachev, D. Meekins, M. Kuss, V. A. Punjabi, X. Jiang, E. Schulte, L. Bimbot, Seonho Choi, L. Morand, S. Frullani, Ronald Gilman, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, Andrei Afanasev, S. Strauch, P. Markowitz, Edgar E. Kooijman, and Z. E. Meziani
Subjects: Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Photon, media_common.quotation_subject, Nuclear Theory, Particle accelerator, Acceleratorfysik och instrumentering, Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation, String (physics), Asymmetry, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Amplitude, Angular distribution, Deuterium, Photodisintegration, law, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, media_common
Abstract: The first complete measurements of the angular distributions of the two-body deuteron photodisintegration differential cross section at photon energies above 1.6 GeV were performed at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The results show a persistent forward-backward asymmetry up to Eγ = 2.4 GeV, the highest-energy measured in this experiment. The Hard Rescattering and the Quark-Gluon string models are in fair agreement with the results.
Published: 2002

141. Studies on the development of DNA vaccine against Cysticercus cellulosae infection and its efficacy

Author: X, Cai, Z, Chai, Z, Jing, P, Wang, X, Luo, J, Chen, Y, Dou, S, Feng, C, Su, and J, Jin
Subjects: Swine Diseases, Meat, Cysticercosis, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Swine, Vaccination, Antibodies, Helminth, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cysticercus, Treatment Outcome, Antigens, Helminth, Zoonoses, Vaccines, DNA, Animals, RNA, Helminth
Abstract: DNA vaccine against Cysticercus cellulosae infection was developed and its efficacy was tested. A pair of primers specific to antigen B gene of C. cellulosae was designed which amplified the gene successfully with RT-PCR. The gene was ligated to PV93 vector, and the recombinant of antigen B gene and PV93 was transformed to JM83 cells. The transformed JM83 cells were cultured in a large scale and the plasmid purified. Based on the recombinant plasmid. a DNA vaccine was developed and used to vaccinate two groups of experimental pigs. In each group, there was a routine vaccine, an enhanced vaccine and a control group. Groups 1 and 2 were challenged at 4 months and at 14 days post vaccination respectively with eggs of Taenia solium. The antibody response was also tested with ELISA. The results suggested that all animals vaccinated AgB gene DNA vaccine, no matter by routine or enhanced vaccine, their antibodies reached maximum peak 23 days post vaccination and decreased gradually. When the animals were challenged 4 months after vaccination, they had strong immunity and the parasites decrease rates were 91.2% and 93.1% respectively. When pigs vaccinated with AgB gene DNA vaccine were challenged 14 days post vaccination with 18,000 eggs/pig. The animals showed strong immunity and the parasite decrease rates were 99.5% and 84.9% respectively. However at that time, the antibodies did not reach the peak. While in the control group, the number of C. cellulosae was as many as 2,500. It was concluded that the pigs vaccinated with DNA vaccine had strong immunity against infection of eggs of T. solium.
Published: 2002

142. Measurement ofGEp/GMpine→p→ep→toQ2=5.6GeV2

Author: Douglas Higinbotham, M. K. Jones, N. M. Piskunov, L. Todor, H. Voskanyan, D. Neyret, K. McCormick, G. Quéméner, C. Salgado, R. Roche, Fatiha Benmokhtar, Charles Glashausser, K. Kramer, G. J. Lolos, M. B. Epstein, Stephanie Escoffier, S. Frullani, Brian Raue, V. A. Punjabi, E. J. Brash, X. Zheng, A. Kozlov, J. J. LeRose, G. Kumbartzki, G. M. Huber, D. J. Margaziotis, V. Gorbenko, C. Cavata, M. Rvachev, Sonja Dieterich, H. Fonvieille, Ronald Gilman, R. Endres, R. A. Lindgren, C. C. Chang, James J. Kelly, Kevin Fissum, Z. Papandreou, Olivier Gayou, T. Pussieux, B. D. Milbrath, A. Saha, X. Jiang, R. Michaels, L. Bimbot, I. Sitnik, E. Tomasi-Gustafsson, E. Chudakov, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, G. M. Urciuoli, J. O. Hansen, F. Garibaldi, A. V. Glamazdin, Z. Chai, C. F. Perdrisat, T. Chang, J. R. Calarco, S. Širca, S. Nanda, S. Strauch, K. Wijesooriya, William Bertozzi, D. Lhuillier, Pete Markowitz, M. Khandaker, R. De Leo, Shalev Gilad, C. W. de Jager, K. A. Aniol, Jian-Ping Chen, T. Averett, Nilanga Liyanage, L. Zhu, J. Gomez, L. Pentchev, Jiansong Gao, Ronald Ransome, Mauro Iodice, and F. Marie
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, General Physics and Astronomy, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences
Published: 2002

143. Early monitoring of P(ti)O(2), P(ti)CO(2), pH and brain temperature in patients with brain injuries and the clinical significance

Author: W, Li, X, Cai, J, Wang, G, Chen, and Z, Chai
Subjects: Adult, Male, Time Factors, Carbon Dioxide, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Middle Aged, Body Temperature, Oxygen, Brain Injuries, Axilla, Humans, Female, Protons, Hypoxia, Skin Temperature, Blood Gas Monitoring, Transcutaneous, Aged, Monitoring, Physiologic
Abstract: To explore the regulation of early brain tissue metabolic changing after brain injuries and the clinical significance.There were 17 patients with brain injuries. Early dire ct monitoring of P(ti)O(2), P(ti)CO(2), pH and brain temperature, dynamic observation of the relation between various parameters and clinics after brain injuries were performed.Early changes of P(ti)O(2), P(ti)CO(2) and pH were closely correlated with outcome. The death rate obviously increased when P(ti)O(2) was continuously lower than 9 mmHg within 24 hours after injuries. Secondary brain injury prolonged and aggravated brain tissue metabolic disturbance. When intracerebral pressure was over 30 mmHg P(ti)O(2) began to decrease. The brain temperature in brain death patients was evidently lower than axillary temperature.The direct monitoring of P(ti)O(2), P(ti)CO(2), pH and brain temperature is safe and accurate and can find early anoxia da mage to brain tissue and provide reliable basis for clinical therapy. It ha s an instructive significance in selecting and studying a new treatment method in brain injuries. And it can be taken as a criterion in clinical judging brain deaths.
Published: 2002

144. Measurement of G(E(p))/G(M(p)) in e(--)p---e(--)p to Q(2) = 5.6 GeV(2)

Author: O, Gayou, K A, Aniol, T, Averett, F, Benmokhtar, W, Bertozzi, L, Bimbot, E J, Brash, J R, Calarco, C, Cavata, Z, Chai, C-C, Chang, T, Chang, J-P, Chen, E, Chudakov, R, De Leo, S, Dieterich, R, Endres, M B, Epstein, S, Escoffier, K G, Fissum, H, Fonvieille, S, Frullani, J, Gao, F, Garibaldi, S, Gilad, R, Gilman, A, Glamazdin, C, Glashausser, J, Gomez, V, Gorbenko, J-O, Hansen, D W, Higinbotham, G M, Huber, M, Iodice, C W, de Jager, X, Jiang, M K, Jones, J J, Kelly, M, Khandaker, A, Kozlov, K M, Kramer, G, Kumbartzki, J J, LeRose, D, Lhuillier, R A, Lindgren, N, Liyanage, G J, Lolos, D J, Margaziotis, F, Marie, P, Markowitz, K, McCormick, R, Michaels, B D, Milbrath, S K, Nanda, D, Neyret, Z, Papandreou, L, Pentchev, C F, Perdrisat, N M, Piskunov, V, Punjabi, T, Pussieux, G, Quéméner, R D, Ransome, B A, Raue, R, Roché, M, Rvachev, A, Saha, C, Salgado, S, Sirca, I, Sitnik, S, Strauch, L, Todor, E, Tomasi-Gustafsson, G M, Urciuoli, H, Voskanyan, K, Wijesooriya, B B, Wojtsekhowski, X, Zheng, and L, Zhu
Abstract: The ratio of the electric and magnetic form factors of the proton G(E(p))/G(M(p)), which is an image of its charge and magnetization distributions, was measured at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility (JLab) using the recoil polarization technique. The ratio of the form factors is directly proportional to the ratio of the transverse to longitudinal components of the polarization of the recoil proton in the elastic e(--)p---e(--)p reaction. The new data presented span the range 3.5Q(2)5.6 GeV(2) and are well described by a linear Q(2) fit. Also, the ratio sqrt[Q(2)] F(2(p))/F(1(p)) reaches a constant value above Q(2) = 2 GeV(2).
Published: 2001

145. Measurements of the elastic electromagnetic form factor ratioμpGEp/GMpvia polarization transfer

Author: B. D. Fox, K. Benslama, M. Liang, S. Glamazdin, Olivier Gayou, Seonho Choi, Nilanga Liyanage, S. Churchwell, E. J. Brash, Bogdan Wojtsekhowski, C. E. Jones, P. E. Ulmer, G. M. Urciuoli, Ronald Gilman, K. McCormick, M. Rvachev, Andrei Afanasev, Steffen Strauch, C. W. de Jager, R. A. Lindgren, J. J. LeRose, R. Suleiman, K. A. Aniol, V. Gorbenko, T. Chang, Charles Glashausser, S. Dumalski, R. Michaels, Dipanwita Dutta, J. Gomez, L. Morand, G. M. Huber, J. Gao, S. Becher, M. K. Jones, Pete Markowitz, A. J. Sarty, J. R. Calarco, D. Meekins, Haiyan Gao, M. B. Epstein, W. Xu, S. Frullani, V. A. Punjabi, R. I. Pomatsalyuk, M. Amarian, R. Roche, Olfred Hansen, Kevin Fissum, James J. Kelly, A. Saha, C. F. Perdrisat, Z. Chai, M. Kuss, F. Garibaldi, Jian-Ping Chen, E. Schulte, L. Bimbot, Ronald Ransome, Daniel Simon, L. Todor, K. Wijesooriya, E. R. Kinney, C. C. Chang, P. Bosted, Sonja Dieterich, G. Kumbartzki, X. Jiang, Edgar E. Kooijman, Z. E. Meziani, J. Hovdebo, R. J. Holt, D. J. Margaziotis, F. Xiong, E. Chudakov, D. Crovelli, S. Malov, and John C. Mitchell
Subjects: Elastic scattering, Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Transverse plane, Proton, Scattering, Hadron, Atomic physics, Nuclear Experiment, Polarization (waves), Nucleon, Electron scattering
Abstract: We present measurements of the ratio of the proton elastic electromagnetic form factors, μ_pG_(Ep)/G_(Mp). The Jefferson Lab Hall A Focal Plane Polarimeter was used to determine the longitudinal and transverse components of the recoil proton polarization in ep elastic scattering; the ratio of these polarization components is proportional to the ratio of the two form factors. These data reproduce the observation of Jones et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 84, 1398 (2000)], that the form factor ratio decreases significantly from unity above Q^2=1 GeV^2.
Published: 2001

146. [Clinical and experimental study on treatment of acute alcohol intoxication with xiangnaojing injection]

Author: J, Bai, Q, Zeng, and Z, Chai
Subjects: Adult, Male, Superoxide Dismutase, beta-Endorphin, Animals, Humans, Female, Rabbits, Middle Aged, Alcoholic Intoxication, Antioxidants, Drugs, Chinese Herbal
Abstract: To study the therapeutical mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine Xingnaojing injection (XNJI) for acute alcohol intoxication.XNJI was used in treating the experimental model rabbits (n = 26) and the patients (n = 8) admitted to the emergency department with acute alcoholism. Before and after the treatment, beta-EP, superoxide anion (free radicals) and SOD were measured.XNJI could enhance the regaining consciousness of rabbits and patients, simultaneously reduce the concentration of beta-EP in plasma to the normal level (drunk rabbits 127.09 +/- 13.67 ng/L, normal rabbits 41.48 +/- 7.46 ng/L. P0.01, drunk patients 292.97 +/- 14.85 ng/L, normal people 221.60 +/- 15.95 ng/L, P0.01). The concentration change of superoxide anion (free radicals) in plasma of rabbits and patients was similar to beta-EP (drunk rabbits 313.39 +/- 15.64 u/L, normal rabbits 254.27 +/- 21.71 u/L, P0.01; drunk patients 278.47 +/- 11.48 u/L, normal people 159.92 +/- 11.51 u/L, P0.01), and SOD was inversely changed (drunk rabbits 53.57 +/- 6.48%, normal rabbits 77.18 +/- 7.89%, P0.01; drunk patients 43.76 +/- 7.84%, normal people 82.53 +/- 4.33%, P0.01).XNJI is similar to Naloxone in pharmacologic action. And it is an effective antioxidant. It can be used for treating alcoholism.
Published: 2001

147. High efficiency silicon solar cells with back ZnTe layer hosting IPV effect: a numerical case study

Author: M. Boumaour, S. Sali, S. Kermadi, L. Zougar, A. Bahfir, and Z. Chaieb
Subjects: silicon solar cell, impurity photovoltaic effect, znte:o, scaps simulator, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract: To get enhanced long-wavelength absorption, an impurity photovoltaic (IPV) mechanism was implemented within a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) at the rear of a solar cell. The numerical simulation of the N+/P (silicon)/IPV-TCO device was carried out by using SCAPS-1D program which allows the inclusion of optically active defects. In the proposed heterostructure configuration, ZnTe is a suitable material as back surface reflector. In analyzing the Si/ZnTe interface, lattice mismatch, energy band alignment and defects density were considered with appropriate treatment. In particular, to cure the detrimental 12% lattice mismatch at the interface, a thin silicon amorphous layer was inserted in-between, allowing 22.98% conversion efficiency. With adapted ZnTe Lucovsky's model for the optical capture cross sections and introduction of an oxygen radiative IPV defect (O2 level at 0.4 eV below the conduction band), a conversion efficiency of 27.15% was ultimately achieved. The experimental feasibility of the high-efficiency heterostructure device is evaluated.
Published: 2019
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148. Polarization measurements in high-energy deuteron photodisintegration

Author: C. Jones, Haiyan Gao, D. Crovelli, J. Mitchell, C. F. Perdrisat, S. Malov, S. Frullani, K. McCormick, G. M. Huber, K. Wijesooriya, P. Bosted, P. Markowitz, E. Schulte, M. K. Jones, Ronald Ransome, T. Chang, Kevin Fissum, E. Chudakov, Seonho Choi, M. Epstein, Carolina Chang, M. Rvachev, V. Gorbenko, B. Fox, Z. Chai, Arijit Saha, K. Aniol, G. J. Kumbartzki, D. Meekins, N. Liyanage, James J. Kelly, F. Xiong, B. Wojtsekhowski, R. Roche, Wenhu Xu, Jun Chen, S. Glamazdin, Edgar E. Kooijman, E. J. Brash, A. J. Sarty, S. Churchwell, S. Strauch, O. Hansen, L. Todor, Daniel Simon, J. Gomez, J. Lerose, Charles Glashausser, E. R. Kinney, Ronald Gilman, J. Hovdebo, R. Pomatsalyuk, K. Benslama, Sonja Dieterich, Michael Kuss, M. Amarian, R. Suleiman, Andrei Afanasev, R. Michaels, Demetrius Margaziotis, R. J. Holt, Jian-Rong Gao, L. Bimbot, Dipangkar Dutta, M. Liang, J. Calarco, G. M. Urciuoli, C. W. de Jager, F. Garibaldi, V. Punjabi, Z. E. Meziani, X. Jiang, S. Dumalski, P. E. Ulmer, S. Becher, R. A. Lindgren, L. Morand, O. Gayou, Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Corpusculaire - Clermont-Ferrand (LPC), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), HALL A, and Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Nuclear reaction, Elastic scattering, Physics, Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Perturbative QCD, Acceleratorfysik och instrumentering, Polarization (waves), Accelerator Physics and Instrumentation, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, Induced polarization, Nuclear physics, Photodisintegration, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], High Energy Physics::Experiment, 010306 general physics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract: We present measurements of the recoil proton polarization for the d(gamma--,p--)n reaction at straight theta(c.m.) = 90 degrees for photon energies up to 2.4 GeV. These are the first data in this reaction for polarization transfer with circularly polarized photons. The induced polarization p(y) vanishes above 1 GeV, contrary to meson-baryon model expectations, in which resonances lead to large polarizations. However, the polarization transfer Cx does not vanish above 1 GeV, inconsistent with hadron helicity conservation. Thus, we show that the scaling behavior observed in the d(gamma,p)n cross sections is not a result of perturbative QCD. These data should provide important tests of new nonperturbative calculations in the intermediate energy regime.
Published: 2001

149. [Determination of tissue chlorine, bromine and iodine concentrations in normal persons with neutron activation method]

Author: X, Hou, Z, Chai, and Q, Chen
Subjects: Adult, Bromides, Male, Liver, Reference Values, Myocardium, Humans, Chlorine, Muscle, Skeletal, Lung, Hair, Iodine
Abstract: Concentrations of chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I) in heart, liver, spleen, lungs, muscle and hair of normal and healthy persons living in Beijing area were determined with neutron activation method. Results showed that Cl concentrations in variety of tissues, except for hair, were no significant difference. Cl concentration in muscle was slightly less than that in other tissues. Bromine concentrations in lungs and iodine in liver were the highest. Bromine concentration in human tissues was significantly lower in Beijing area than abroad, and iodine was only slightly less and without statistical significance. Furthermore, Cl, Br and I in four kinds of biological standard reference materials were determined, and their results conformed with the recommendation values.
Published: 1998

150. Subchronic glucocorticoid pretreatment reversibly attenuates IL-beta induced fever in rats; IL-6 mRNA is elevated while IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta mRNAs are suppressed, in the CNS

Author: Z, Chai, K, Alheim, J, Lundkvist, S, Gatti, and T, Bartfai
Subjects: Male, Time Factors, Fever, Transcription, Genetic, Hypothalamus, Hippocampus, Polymerase Chain Reaction, Body Temperature, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Antigens, CD, Animals, Humans, RNA, Messenger, Glucocorticoids, DNA Primers, Drug Implants, Analysis of Variance, Interleukin-6, Pyrogens, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Receptors, Interleukin, Receptors, Interleukin-6, Recombinant Proteins, Rats, Kinetics, Corticosterone, Interleukin-1
Abstract: Subchronic (36 h) exposure of rats to corticosterone (CS) (100 mg/pellet,subcutaneously), blocked the pyrogenic response to recombinant human interleukin 113 (rhIL-1 beta, 5 mu g/kg, ip.). CS treatment reduced the basal mRNA levels of IL-1 alpha and IL-1 beta, but elevated the mRNA levels of IL-6 in the hypothalamus and hippocampus as shown by RT-PCR. The CS treatment clamped the cytokine mRNA levels, and injection of rhIL-1 beta to CS treated rats did not significantly affect these altered mRNA levels. IL-6 bioactivity in serum was not significantly changed by CS treatment, but increased 50 times upon injection of rhIL-1 beta. rhIL-1 beta caused a significantly lower induction of serum IL-6 levels in CS pretreated rats (9-fold). The pyrogenic response to injection of rhIL-1 beta has returned 5 days after the removal of the corticosterone pellet, and the hypothalamic cytokine mRNA levels (IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6) have returned to basal. These results suggest that altered and clamped hypothalamic IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta and IL-6 mRNA levels may be involved in the antipyretic effects of a pretreatment with high doses of CS and that these CS effects are rapidly reversible.
Published: 1996

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