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Astronotus ocellatus (Agassiz, in Spix & Agassiz) (Fig. 82, SA) References. Lim & Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng & Lim, 1997b; Liew et al., 2012. Distribution. Singapore Botanic Gardens (Liew et al., 2012), Bishan Park (Tan HH, pers. obs., March 2017). Remarks. This is a popular species in the ornamental fish trade, available in several colour varieties., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 175, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Lim KKP & Ng PKL (1990) A guide to the freshwater fishes of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.","Ng PKL, Chou LM & Lam TJ (1993) The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore. Biological Conservation, 64: 19 - 24.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265.","Liew JH, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2012) Some cichlid fishes recorded in Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 5: 229 - 236."]}

Amphilophus trimaculatus (Günther) (Fig. 80, CA) References. Tan, 2014a (as Cichlasoma trimaculatum). Distribution. West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2014a). Remarks. This is one of the parent species for the Louhan cichlid., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 175, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Tan HH (2014 a) Non-native fishes observed in marsh pond at West Coast Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2014: 6 - 7."]}

Ctenopharyngodon idella (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes) (Fig. 19, EAs) References. Herre & Myers, 1937; Le Mare, 1949 (as C t e n o p h a r y n g o d o n i d e l l u s); Tham, 1973 (as Ctenopharyngodon idellus); Mohsin & Ambak, 1983; Yang, 1984; Lim & Ng, 1990; Munro, 1990; Public Utilities Board, 1991; Ng et al., 1993; Ng & Lim, 1997a, 1997b. Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (previously known as Seletar Reservoir; Yang, 1984). Remarks. Herre & Myers’ (1937) record came from an experimental fish pond, and this may not have established in Singapore. Tham (1973) commented that it was the most popular fish cultured in fish ponds and the fry were imported from China. This species was reared in experimental floating cages in reservoirs as early as 1972, and subsequently used primarily for control of submerged macrophytes (Yang, 1984)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 159, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Herre AWCT & Myers GSM (1937) A contribution to the ichthyology of the Malay Peninsula. Part II. Fresh-water fishes. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum, 13: 53 - 76, pls. 1 - 4.","Le Mare DW (1949) Annual report to the Fisheries Department, Federation of Malaya and Singapore, 1948, 206 pp.","Tham AK (1973) Fish and prawn ponds. In: Chuang SH (ed.) Animal Life and Nature in Singapore. Singapore University Press, Singapore. Pp. 260 - 268.","Mohsin AKM & Ambak MA (1983) Freshwater fishes of Peninsular Malaysia. Penerbit Universiti Pertanian Malaysia, Selangor, 284 pp.","Yang SL (1984) Fishes in our reservoirs. In: PUB Digest 97 / 5 / 84. Public Utilities Board, Singapore. Pp. 10 - 17.","Lim KKP & Ng PKL (1990) A guide to the freshwater fishes of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.","Munro AD (1990) Singapore freshwater fishes. In: Chou LM & Ng PKL (eds.) Essays in Zoology. Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Pp. 97 - 125.","Public Utilities Board (1991) Nature in our Reservoir Parks. Public Relations Division, Public Utilities Board, Singapore, 20 pp.","Ng PKL, Chou LM & Lam TJ (1993) The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore. Biological Conservation, 64: 19 - 24.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 a) The freshwater fishes of Singapore. Journal of the Singapore National Academy of Science, 22 - 24: 109 - 124.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265."]}

Family Potamotrygonidae Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng et al., 2009; Chua G, 2010; Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010; Ho et al., 2016); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Lai, 2015; Ho et al., 2016); Banir stream [direct link to Lower Seletar Reservoir] (Tan & Zeng, 2015); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ho et al., 2016). Remarks. Recent observations indicate a breeding population at Lower Peirce Reservoir, where up to six juveniles were sighted at night in shallow water adjacent to a boardwalk (Zhou H, pers. obs., August 2016). This stingray’s diet includes fishes and aquatic macroinvertebrates, including freshwater gastropods, crustaceans, and insect larvae (Tan & Tan, 2018; Kwik et al., in prep.)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 151, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Ng HH, Tan HH, Yeo DCJ & Ng PKL (2009) [issued 2010] Stingers in a strange land: South American freshwater stingrays (Potamotrygonidae) in Singapore. Biological Invasions, 12 (8): 2385 - 2388.","Chua G (2010) Stingrays breeding in Upper Seletar. The Straits Times, 26 March 2010, p. C 5.","Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116.","Ho JKI, Ramchunder SJ, Memory A, Theng M, Li T, Clews E, Cai Y, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2016) A Guide to the Freshwater Fauna of Nee Soon Swamp Forest. Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 139 pp.","Lai JCY (2015) Slender peacock bass and motoro stingray from Lower Peirce Reservoir. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2015: 75.","Tan HH & Zeng Y (2015) Motoro stingray in stream at Lorong Banir. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2015: 141.","Tan HH & Tan SK (2018) Snail operculum in the faeces of a motoro stingray. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2018: 51 - 52."]}

Esomus metallicus Ahl (Fig. 26, SEA) Remarks. Alfred (1966a) considered this species extinct in Singapore. Recent populations are probably intentional releases or from Johor, Peninsular Malaysia, via raw water transfer (Ng & Lim, 1997b; Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 160, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Alfred ER (1966 a) The fresh-water fishes of Singapore. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 78: 3 - 67, 8 pls.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265.","Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116."]}

Veija × Mayaheros (?) hybrid (Fig. 126, [SPC]) References. None. This is a new record for Singapore. Distribution. Jurong Lake area (Tan HH, pers. obs.). Remarks. This is most likely a hybrid, as all Veija specimens lack the blue iridescent spots on the head., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987

Mystus wolffii (Bleeker) (Fig. 55, SEA[SPC]) References. Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010; Ng, 2012; Ng HH & Tan HH, 2013. Distribution. Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Upper Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010). Remarks. Ng (2012) has clarified the status of Mystus wolffii in Singapore. The estuarine and dammed river-reservoir records probably represent native populations (i.e., Murai and Lower Seletar Reservoirs in Ng HH & Tan HH [2010]; Punggol and Serangoon Reservoirs in Ng PX & Tan HH [2013]), but the records from the inland reservoirs are probably non-native stock from raw water transferred from Johor, Peninsular Malaysia., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 167, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116.","Ng HH (2012) The status of the catfish Mystus wolffii Bleeker, 1851 (Actinopterygii: Siluriformes: Bagridae) in Singapore, with notes on its taxonomy. Nature in Singapore, 5: 73 - 77.","Ng PX & Tan HH (2013) Fish diversity before and after construction of the Punggol and Serangoon Reservoirs, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 19 - 24."]}

Thayeria boehlkei Weitzman (Fig. 51, SA) References. None. This is a new record for Singapore. Distribution. Based on a sighting at Bukit Batok Nature Park (Lim KKP, pers. obs., 2010)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 166, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987

Mayaheros urophthalmus (Günther) (Fig. 93, CA[SPC]) References. National Parks Board, 2003 (as Nandopsis festae or Cichlasoma urophthalmus); Nico et al., 2007 (as “ Cichlasoma ” urophthalmus); Baker & Lim, 2008, 2012 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Tan HTW et al., 2010 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmus); Yeo & Lim, 2010 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Jaafar et al., 2012 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Kwik et al., 2013 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmus); Ng HH & Tan HH, 2013 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Tan, 2013a (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Yeo, 2013 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Tan, 2014a, 2014f (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Ng et al., 2015 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmum); Tan, 2016c; Tan & Koh, 2016 (as Cichalsoma uropthalmum); Theng et al., 2016 (as Cichlasoma urophthalmus); Tan et al., 2017b. Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003; Tan, 2013a; Theng et al., 2016); Punggol River (now dammed as Punggol Reservoir; Nico et al., 2007); Bedok Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Sarimbun Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Singapore Botanic Gardens (Yeo & Lim, 2010); Punggol Reservoir (Ng PX & Tan, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng PX & Tan, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Bishan Park (Yeo, 2013; Tan, 2016c); West Coast Park marsh pond (Tan, 2014a); Pandan canal (Tan 2014f); Yishun Pond (Kwik et al., 2013; Tan, 2014f); Jurong Lake (Tan, 2014f); Marina South (Tan & Koh, 2016); Singapore Quarry (Tan et al., 2017b); Bishan Park (unpublished data). Remarks. This species has adapted to brackish water and can be sighted in the waterways at Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Tan, 2013a)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 178, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["National Parks Board (2003) Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve: A Decade of Wetland Conservation. National Parks Board, Singapore, 98 pp.","Nico LG, Beamish WH & Musikasinthron P (2007) Discovery of the invasive Mayan Cichlid fish \" Cichlasoma \" urophthalmus (Gunther 1862) in Thailand, with comments on other introductions and potential impacts. Aquatic Invasions, 2 (3): 197 - 214.","Baker N & Lim KKP (2008) Wild Animals of Singapore: a photographic guide to mammals, reptiles, amphibians and freshwater fishes. First Edition. Nature Society (Singapore), Singapore, 180 pp.","Baker N & Lim KKP (2012) Wild Animals of Singapore: a photographic guide to mammals, reptiles, amphibians and freshwater fishes. Second Edition. Nature Society (Singapore), Singapore, 180 pp.","Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116.","Tan HTW, Chou LM, Yeo DCJ & Ng PKL (2010) The Natural Heritage of Singapore. Third edition. Prentice Hall, Singapore, ix + 323 pp.","Yeo DCJ & Lim KKP (2010) Aplocheilus lineatus, a non-native killifish (Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae) in Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 3: 327 - 332.","Jaafar Z, Yeo DCJ, Tan HH & O'Riordan RM (2012) Status of marine non-indigenous species in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 25: 79 - 92.","Kwik JTB, Kho ZY, Quek BS, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2013) Urban stormwater ponds in Singapore: potential pathways for spread of alien freshwater fishes. BioInvasions Records, 2 (3): 239 - 245.","Tan HH (2013 a) Sharksucker on tilapia host. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2013: 5.","Yeo RKH (2013) Alien fishes at Bishan Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2013: 27 - 28.","Tan HH (2014 a) Non-native fishes observed in marsh pond at West Coast Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2014: 6 - 7.","Tan HH (2014 f) Colour forms of the Midas cichlid. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2014: 98 - 99.","Ng HH, Tan HH, Lim KKP, Ludt WB & Chakrabarty P (2015) Fishes of the Eastern Johor Straits. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 31: 303 - 337.","Tan HH (2016 c) Aquatic organisms observed at Bishan Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 137 - 140.","Tan HH & Koh LL (2016) Smooth-coated otters hunting at Marina South Gardens. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 91 - 93.","Theng M, Sivasothi N & Tan HH (2016) Diet of the smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata (Geoffroy, 1826) at natural and modified sites in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 64: 309 - 320.","Tan HH, Yeo DCJ, Low BW & Movin N (2017 b) Fishes, shrimps and aquatic molluscs observed at Singapore Quarry. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2017: 7 - 9.","Ng PX & Tan HH (2013) Fish diversity before and after construction of the Punggol and Serangoon Reservoirs, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 19 - 24."]}

Cichla piquiti Kullander & Ferreira (Fig. 85, SA[SPC]) References. Liew et al., 2012; Lai, 2015; Ho et al., 2016; Tan, 2016a. Distribution. Upper Seletar Reservoir (Liew et al., 2012); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Lai, 2015); MacRitchie Reservoir (Tan, 2016a); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data); Upper Peirce Reservoir (unpublished data); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data). Remarks. Juvenile individuals were obtained from Upper Seletar Reservoir (Liew et al., 2012), while adult pairs have been observed at MacRitchie Reservoir (Tan, 2016a); this is indicative of this species establishing breeding populations in Singapore., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 176, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Liew JH, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2012) Some cichlid fishes recorded in Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 5: 229 - 236.","Lai JCY (2015) Slender peacock bass and motoro stingray from Lower Peirce Reservoir. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2015: 75.","Ho JKI, Ramchunder SJ, Memory A, Theng M, Li T, Clews E, Cai Y, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2016) A Guide to the Freshwater Fauna of Nee Soon Swamp Forest. Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 139 pp.","Tan HH (2016 a) Fishes observed at MacRitchie Reservoir. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 105 - 106."]}

Notopterus notopterus (Pallas) (Fig. 6, SEA, SAs[SPC]) References. Baker & Lim, 2008, 2012; Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010; Baker, 2013c; Tan et al., 2016. Distribution. Jurong Lake (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Murai Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Poyan Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Tengeh Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Kranji Marsh (Baker, 2013c; Tan et al., 2016); Upper Seletar Reservoir spill gate (Tan HH, pers. obs., 2014); Pandan reservoir (unpublished data)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 155, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Baker N & Lim KKP (2008) Wild Animals of Singapore: a photographic guide to mammals, reptiles, amphibians and freshwater fishes. First Edition. Nature Society (Singapore), Singapore, 180 pp.","Baker N & Lim KKP (2012) Wild Animals of Singapore: a photographic guide to mammals, reptiles, amphibians and freshwater fishes. Second Edition. Nature Society (Singapore), Singapore, 180 pp.","Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116.","Baker N (2013 c) Bronze knifefish Notopterus notopterus at Kranji Marsh. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2013: 48.","Tan HH, Yeo DCJ, Ng TH, Tan SK & Low BW (2016) Fishes, shrimps and aquatic snails observed at Kranji Marsh. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 186 - 190."]}

Coptodon zillii (Gervais) (Fig. 87, AF) References. Burkill, 1963 (as Tilapia zillii); Alfred, 1968 (as Tilapia zillii); Munro, 1990 (as Tilapia zillii); Ng et al., 1993 (as Tilapia zillii); Ng & Lim, 1997a (as Tilapia zillii), 1997b (as Tilapia zillii). Distribution. Singapore Botanic Gardens (Burkill, 1963; Alfred, 1968; Ng & Lim, 1997a, 1997b). Remarks. There have been no recent records., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 176, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Burkill HM (1963) Annual report of the Botanic Gardens Department, 1961. Government Printing Office, Singapore, 27 pp.","Alfred ER (1968) Rare and Endangered Freshwater Fishes of Malaya and Singapore. In: Technical Session IV - Threatened Species, Conference on Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in Tropical South-east Asia. Bangkok, Thailand. IUCN Publications, new series, 10 (4): 325 - 331.","Munro AD (1990) Singapore freshwater fishes. In: Chou LM & Ng PKL (eds.) Essays in Zoology. Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Pp. 97 - 125.","Ng PKL, Chou LM & Lam TJ (1993) The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore. Biological Conservation, 64: 19 - 24.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 a) The freshwater fishes of Singapore. Journal of the Singapore National Academy of Science, 22 - 24: 109 - 124.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265."]}

Poecilia velifera (Regan) (Fig. 69, CA) References. Lim & Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Fernando & Phang, 1994; Ng & Lim, 1997a, 1997b; Tan HH et al., 2010; Yeo & Lim, 2010; Tan et al., 2013; Kwik & Yeo, 2015. Distribution. Cluny Road drain (Ng & Lim, 1997a); Kallang River (now part of Marina Reservoir; Tan HH et al., 2010); Bukit Batok Nature Park (Yeo & Lim, 2010); Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013). References. Munro, 1990; Ng et al., 1993. Distribution. Not known. Remarks. The records of this species are probably escapees from the ornamental fish trade (Munro, 1990)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 172, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Lim KKP & Ng PKL (1990) A guide to the freshwater fishes of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.","Ng PKL, Chou LM & Lam TJ (1993) The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore. Biological Conservation, 64: 19 - 24.","Fernando AA & Phang VPE (1994) Freshwater Ornamental Fish Aquaculture in Singapore. Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore, 123 pp.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 a) The freshwater fishes of Singapore. Journal of the Singapore National Academy of Science, 22 - 24: 109 - 124.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265.","Tan HH, Low MEY & Lim KKP (2010) Fishes of the Marina basin, Singapore, before the erection of the Marina Barrage. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 58 (1): 137 - 144.","Yeo DCJ & Lim KKP (2010) Aplocheilus lineatus, a non-native killifish (Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae) in Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 3: 327 - 332.","Tan JYH, Tan LHC, Quek G, Lim VSF & Tan HH (2013) The fish fauna of Bukit Brown, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 229 - 237.","Kwik JTB & Yeo DCJ (2015) Difference in fish assemblages in protected and non-protected freshwater streams in a tropical urbanized country. Hydrobiologia, 762: 143 - 156.","Munro AD (1990) Singapore freshwater fishes. In: Chou LM & Ng PKL (eds.) Essays in Zoology. Department of Zoology, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Pp. 97 - 125."]}

Leporinus fasciatus (Bloch) (Fig. 125, SA) References. Tan & Tay, 2019. Distribution. Kallang River (Tan & Tay, 2019). Remarks. This is a common ornamental fish, and most likely a discarded pet fish., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 195, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987

Mystus castaneus Ng (Fig. 54, SEA[SPC]) References. Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010. Distribution. Upper Peirce Reservoir stream (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 167, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116."]}

Trichogaster lalius (Hamilton) (Fig. 115, SAs) References. Lim & Ng, 1990 (as Colisa lalia); Ng et al., 1993 (as Colisa lalia). Distribution. Not known. Remarks. This species is probably from ornamental fish trade, and not established (Lim & Ng, 1990). The females of this species are sometimes sold as live feed in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 184, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Lim KKP & Ng PKL (1990) A guide to the freshwater fishes of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.","Ng PKL, Chou LM & Lam TJ (1993) The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore. Biological Conservation, 64: 19 - 24."]}

Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard) (Fig. 66, CA[SPC]) Distribution. Pandan River (Ng & Lim, 1997b, based on a 1996 newspaper report); Pandan Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Bedok Reservoir (Anonymous, 2014). Remarks. These reported individuals are likely discarded pets. This species is common in the ornamental fish trade as juveniles (less than 10 cm). Once fishes reach sub-adulthood, they are typically too large to be accommodated in home aquaria and are conveniently discarded in public ponds and reservoirs (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010). Recently, an artificial hybrid between Phractocephalus hemioliopterus and Pseudoplatystoma fasciatum became available through the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.). This artificial hybrid can grow to a large size as both parental species exceed 90 cm in size, and introductions can be expected in the near future in the artificial water bodies in Singapore., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 170, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265.","Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116."]}

Sphaerichthys osphromenoides Canestrini (Fig. 114, SEA) References. Boeseman, 1957; Ng & Lim, 1997b. Distribution. Not known. Remarks. These records are of individuals that are likely from the ornamental fish trade, not established (Lim & Ng, 1997b)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 184, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Boeseman M (1957) On a collection of East Asian fishes. Zoologische Mededelingen, 35 (7): 69 - 78.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265."]}

Maylandia estherae (Konings) (Fig. 95, AF[SPC]) 2012; Leong, 2012; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng PX & Tan, 2013; Yeo, 2013; Tan, 2014a; Ng et al., 2015; Tan YK et al., 2015 (as Oreochromis sp.); Lim et al., 2016; Tan, 2016b, 2016c (as Oreochromis sp.); Tan & Koh, 2016; Theng et al., 2016; Tan et al., 2017b. References. Liew et al., 2012. Distribution. Pandan canal (Liew et al., 2012). Remarks. This individual is probably a discarded pet fish., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 179, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Leong TM (2012) Observations of piscivorous avifauna along Siglap canal, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 5: 291 - 307.","Kwik JTB, Kho ZY, Quek BS, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2013) Urban stormwater ponds in Singapore: potential pathways for spread of alien freshwater fishes. BioInvasions Records, 2 (3): 239 - 245.","Ng PX & Tan HH (2013) Fish diversity before and after construction of the Punggol and Serangoon Reservoirs, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 19 - 24.","Yeo RKH (2013) Alien fishes at Bishan Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2013: 27 - 28.","Tan HH (2014 a) Non-native fishes observed in marsh pond at West Coast Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2014: 6 - 7.","Ng HH, Tan HH, Lim KKP, Ludt WB & Chakrabarty P (2015) Fishes of the Eastern Johor Straits. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 31: 303 - 337.","Tan YK, Gan BQ & Su M (2015) Partially eaten tilapia discarded by smooth-coated otters. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2015: 3 - 4.","Lim KKP, Chua MAH & Lim NT-L (2016) Freshwater fishes, terrestrial herpetofauna and mammals of Pulau Tekong, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 9: 165 - 198.","Tan HH (2016 b) Aquatic vertebrates observed at Kent Ridge Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 122 - 125.","Tan HH (2016 c) Aquatic organisms observed at Bishan Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 137 - 140.","Tan HH & Koh LL (2016) Smooth-coated otters hunting at Marina South Gardens. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 91 - 93.","Theng M, Sivasothi N & Tan HH (2016) Diet of the smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata (Geoffroy, 1826) at natural and modified sites in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 64: 309 - 320.","Tan HH, Yeo DCJ, Low BW & Movin N (2017 b) Fishes, shrimps and aquatic molluscs observed at Singapore Quarry. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2017: 7 - 9.","Liew JH, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2012) Some cichlid fishes recorded in Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 5: 229 - 236."]}

Xiphophorus variatus (Meek) (Fig. 72, CA[SPC]) References. Ng et al., 1993; Fernando & Phang, 1994; Ng & Lim, 1997a; Tan et al., 2013. Distribution. Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on pages 172-173, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Ng PKL, Chou LM & Lam TJ (1993) The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore. Biological Conservation, 64: 19 - 24.","Fernando AA & Phang VPE (1994) Freshwater Ornamental Fish Aquaculture in Singapore. Singapore Polytechnic, Singapore, 123 pp.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 a) The freshwater fishes of Singapore. Journal of the Singapore National Academy of Science, 22 - 24: 109 - 124.","Tan JYH, Tan LHC, Quek G, Lim VSF & Tan HH (2013) The fish fauna of Bukit Brown, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 229 - 237."]}

Herichthys carpintis (Jordan & Snyder) (Fig. 90, CA[SPC]) References. Jaafar et al., 2012; Liew et al., 2012. Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Jaafar et al., 2012; Liew et al., 2012)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 177, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Jaafar Z, Yeo DCJ, Tan HH & O'Riordan RM (2012) Status of marine non-indigenous species in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 25: 79 - 92.","Liew JH, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2012) Some cichlid fishes recorded in Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 5: 229 - 236."]}

Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus) (Fig. 97, AF[SPC]) Distribution. Punggol Reservoir (Ng PX & Tan, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng PX & Tan, 2013). Remarks. This hybrid has morphological characters of both parent species. Mature males tend to not exhibit the blackened body, but still having the multiple black bars and red margin over the caudal fin (Tan HH, pers. obs.). References. Lim & Ng, 1990; Ng et al., 1993; Ng & Lim, 1997b; National Parks Board, 2003; Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010; Jaafar et al., 2012; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng PX & Tan HH, 2013; Tan, 2013a; Tan et al., 2016. Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (National Parks Board, 2003; Tan, 2013a); Jurong Lake (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Murai Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Sarimbun Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Tengah Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Upper Peirce Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Lower Peirce Reservoir (Ng & Lim, 1997b); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Punggol Reservoir (Ng PX & Tan, 2013); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng PX & Tan, 2013); Kranji Marsh (Tan et al., 2016); Bishan Park (unpublished data); Marina Reservoir (unpublished data). Remarks. Both O. niloticus and O. mossambicus can adapt to saline conditions., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 180, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Ng PX & Tan HH (2013) Fish diversity before and after construction of the Punggol and Serangoon Reservoirs, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 19 - 24.","Lim KKP & Ng PKL (1990) A guide to the freshwater fishes of Singapore. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.","Ng PKL, Chou LM & Lam TJ (1993) The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore. Biological Conservation, 64: 19 - 24.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265.","National Parks Board (2003) Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve: A Decade of Wetland Conservation. National Parks Board, Singapore, 98 pp.","Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116.","Jaafar Z, Yeo DCJ, Tan HH & O'Riordan RM (2012) Status of marine non-indigenous species in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 25: 79 - 92.","Kwik JTB, Kho ZY, Quek BS, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2013) Urban stormwater ponds in Singapore: potential pathways for spread of alien freshwater fishes. BioInvasions Records, 2 (3): 239 - 245.","Tan HH (2013 a) Sharksucker on tilapia host. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2013: 5.","Tan HH, Yeo DCJ, Ng TH, Tan SK & Low BW (2016) Fishes, shrimps and aquatic snails observed at Kranji Marsh. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 186 - 190."]}

Trigonopoma gracile (Kottelat) (Fig. 46, SEA) References. Ng & Lim, 1997b (as Rasbora gracilis). Distribution. Not known. Remarks. Probably an escapee from the ornamental fish trade (Ng & Lim, 1997b). Earlier workers (pre-1990) used the name Rasbora taeniata (Kottelat, 1991)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 165, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265.","Kottelat M (1991) Notes on the taxonomy of some Sundaic and Indochinese species of Rasbora, with description of four new species (Pisces: Cyprinidae). Ichthyological Exploration of Freshwaters, 2 (2): 177 - 191."]}

Crossocheilus oblongus Kuhl & van Hasselt, in van Hasselt (Fig. 18, SEA[SPC]) References. None. This is a new record for Singapore. Distribution. Punggol Reservoir (unpublished data). Remarks. This is probably a discarded pet, as this species is actively promoted in the ornamental fish trade as an algae eater and for algae control (Tan HH, pers. obs.)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 158, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987

Arapaima gigas (Schinz) (Fig. 4, SA) References. fishing_vimal, 2017. Distribution. Marina Reservoir (fishing_vimal, 2017). Remarks. Sightings of Arapaima gigas (Arapaimidae) have been listed in forums (e.g., http://forum.fishingkaki.com/ discussion/229269/arapaima-in-singapore); however, these were never substantiated with photographs or locations until recently from Marina Reservoir near the steps along Boat Quay (fishing_vimal, 2017). This species is available in the ornamental fish trade, although in limited quantity. This species grows to be one of the largest freshwater fish (Luna, 2020), and it is unsurprising that larger individuals are discarded or released into artificial water bodies when they out-grow their tanks., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 155, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Luna SM (2020) Arapaima gigas (Schinz, 1822). FishBase. https: // www. fishbase. se / summary / 2076 (Accessed 13 January 2020)."]}

Hemibagrus guttatus (Lacepède) [Extirpated] (EAs) References. Günther, 1864 (as Macrones elongatus); Fowler, 1938 (as Mystus elongatus); Alfred, 1966a (as Mystus elongatus); Ng et al., 1993; Ng & Lim, 1997b; Ng & Kottelat, 1998. Distribution. Not known. Remarks. This species was imported accidentally through the food fish route (Alfred, 1966a; Ng et al., 1993; Ng & Lim, 1997b), and appears to be extirpated in Singapore, as there had been no recent records. Ng & Kottelat (1998) clarified the taxonomy of the species, and H. elongatus, the name used previously, is a subjective junior synonym to H. guttatus., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on pages 166-167, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Gunther A (1864) Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum. Volume 5. British Museum (Natural History), London, xxii + 455 pp.","Fowler HW (1938) A list of the fishes known from Malaya. Fisheries Bulletin of Singapore, 1: i - vi + 1 - 268.","Alfred ER (1966 a) The fresh-water fishes of Singapore. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 78: 3 - 67, 8 pls.","Ng PKL, Chou LM & Lam TJ (1993) The status and impact of introduced freshwater animals in Singapore. Biological Conservation, 64: 19 - 24.","Ng PKL & Lim KKP (1997 b) The diversity and conservation status of fishes in the Nature Reserves of Singapore. Gardens' Bulletin Singapore, 49 (2): 245 - 265.","Ng HH & Kottelat M (1998) Notes on the identity of Hemibagrus elongatus (Gunther, 1894) and other East Asian species allied to H. guttatus (La Cepede, 1803) (Teleostei: Bagridae). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 46 (2): 565 - 572."]}

Etroplus suratensis (Bloch) (Fig. 88, SAs[SPC]) References. Lim et al., 1995; Ng & Sivasothi, 1999; Goh et al., 2002; Chua EK, 2010; Ng TH & Tan, 2010; Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010; Tan HH et al., 2010; Tan HTW et al., 2010; Jaafar et al., 2012; Leong, 2012; Kwik et al., 2013; Ng PX & Tan HH, 2013; Tan, 2013a; Ng et al., 2015; Tan, 2016c, 2017a; Tan & Ng, 2016; Theng et al., 2016; Toh et al., 2016. Distribution. Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve (Lim et al., 1995; Ng TH & Tan, 2010; Tan, 2013a; Theng et al., 2016); Kallang (now part of Marina Reservoir; Ng TH & Tan, 2010); Kranji Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010); Punggol Reservoir (Ng TH & Tan HH, 2010; Ng PX & Tan, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Serangoon Reservoir (Ng TH & Tan HH, 2010; Ng PX & Tan HH, 2013; Theng et al., 2016); Pulau Ubin (Ng TH & Tan, 2010); Marina Reservoir — encompassing Singapore River, Rochor canal, Kallang River, Geylang River and Marina channel (Tan HH et al., 2010); Siglap canal (Leong, 2012); Yishun pond (Kwik et al., 2013); Tuas — Raffles Marina (Toh et al., 2016); Bishan Park (Tan, 2016c); Sentosa (Tan & Ng, 2016); West Coast Park (Tan, 2017a); Jurong Lake (unpublished data); Lower Peirce Reservoir (unpublished data); MacRitchie Reservoir (unpublished data); Bedok Reservoir (unpublished data); Upper Peirce Reservoir (unpublished data); Serangoon Reservoir (unpublished data). Remarks. This euryhaline South Asian cichlid is wellestablished in Singapore (Ng TH & Tan, 2010) and besides being found in freshwater reservoirs, has also adapted to saline conditions of estuarine and coastal waters (Tan & Ng, 2016; Tan, 2017a)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 177, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Lim KKP, Subaraj R & Teo R (1995) [issued 2000] Records for 1995. The Pangolin, The Nature Society (Singapore), 8 (1 - 4): 10 - 30.","Ng PKL & Sivasothi N (eds.) (1999) A guide to the mangroves of Singapore II (Animal Diversity). Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 168 pp.","Goh BPL, Sodhi NS, Li D, Ho SH & Ng PKL (2002) A guide to urban creatures. Singapore Science Centre, Singapore, 160 pp.","Chua EK (2010) Wetlands in a City: The Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserve. Simply Green, Singapore, 176 pp.","Ng TH & Tan HH (2010) The introduction, origin and life history attributes of the non-native cichlid, Etroplus suratensis (Bloch, 1790) in the coastal waters of Singapore. Journal of Fish Biology, 76: 2238 - 2260.","Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116.","Tan HH, Low MEY & Lim KKP (2010) Fishes of the Marina basin, Singapore, before the erection of the Marina Barrage. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 58 (1): 137 - 144.","Tan HTW, Chou LM, Yeo DCJ & Ng PKL (2010) The Natural Heritage of Singapore. Third edition. Prentice Hall, Singapore, ix + 323 pp.","Jaafar Z, Yeo DCJ, Tan HH & O'Riordan RM (2012) Status of marine non-indigenous species in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 25: 79 - 92.","Leong TM (2012) Observations of piscivorous avifauna along Siglap canal, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 5: 291 - 307.","Kwik JTB, Kho ZY, Quek BS, Tan HH & Yeo DCJ (2013) Urban stormwater ponds in Singapore: potential pathways for spread of alien freshwater fishes. BioInvasions Records, 2 (3): 239 - 245.","Ng PX & Tan HH (2013) Fish diversity before and after construction of the Punggol and Serangoon Reservoirs, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 19 - 24.","Tan HH (2013 a) Sharksucker on tilapia host. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2013: 5.","Ng HH, Tan HH, Lim KKP, Ludt WB & Chakrabarty P (2015) Fishes of the Eastern Johor Straits. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 31: 303 - 337.","Tan HH (2016 c) Aquatic organisms observed at Bishan Park. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 137 - 140.","Tan HH, Yeo DCJ, Ng TH, Tan SK & Low BW (2016) Fishes, shrimps and aquatic snails observed at Kranji Marsh. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2016: 186 - 190.","Theng M, Sivasothi N & Tan HH (2016) Diet of the smooth-coated otter Lutrogale perspicillata (Geoffroy, 1826) at natural and modified sites in Singapore. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 64: 309 - 320.","Toh KB, Ng LCS, Leong GW-K, Jaafar Z & Chou LM (2016) Assemblages and diversity of fishes in Singapore's marinas. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, Supplement 32: 85 - 94.","Tan HH, Tan SK & Yeo JWL (2017 a) Striped panchax at Jurong East. Singapore Biodiversity Records, 2017: 3 - 4."]}

Trichopsis schalleri Ladiges (Fig. 118, SEA[SPC]) References. Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010. Distribution. Lower Seletar Reservoir (Ng HH & Tan HH, 2010). Remarks. The source of introduction is not known as this is a rarely-encountered species in the ornamental fish trade (Tan HH, pers. obs.)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 185, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Ng HH & Tan HH (2010) An annotated checklist of the nonnative freshwater fish species in the reservoirs of Singapore. COSMOS, 6 (1): 95 - 116."]}

Danio albolineatus (Blyth) (Fig. 21, SEA[SPC]) References. Lim & Tan, 2011; Baker & Lim, 2012; Tan et al., 2013; Tan & Low, 2014. Distribution. Mandai area (Lim & Tan, 2011; Tan & Low, 2014); Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013); Bukit Timah area (Tan HH, pers. obs., February 2015); Tengah area (Cai YX, pers. obs., 11 January 2017)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 159, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Tan HH & Lim KKP (2011) Rediscovery of the Bigmouth stream goby, Pseudogobiopsis oligactis (Actinopterygii: Gobiiformes: Gobinellidae) in Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 4: 363 - 367.","Baker N & Lim KKP (2012) Wild Animals of Singapore: a photographic guide to mammals, reptiles, amphibians and freshwater fishes. Second Edition. Nature Society (Singapore), Singapore, 180 pp.","Tan JYH, Tan LHC, Quek G, Lim VSF & Tan HH (2013) The fish fauna of Bukit Brown, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 229 - 237."]}

Danio rerio (Hamilton) (Fig. 23, SEA[SPC]) References. Tan et al., 2013. Distribution. Bukit Brown (Tan et al., 2013)., Published as part of Hui, Tan Heok, Peng, Kelvin Lim Kok, Huan, Liew Jia, Wei, Low Bi, Hing, Rayson Lim Bock, Beng, Jeffrey Kwik Teik & Yeo, Darren C. J., 2020, The non-native freshwater fishes of Singapore: an annotated compilation, pp. 150-195 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 68 on page 159, DOI: 10.26107/RBZ-2020-0016, http://zenodo.org/record/5343987, {"references":["Tan JYH, Tan LHC, Quek G, Lim VSF & Tan HH (2013) The fish fauna of Bukit Brown, Singapore. Nature in Singapore, 6: 229 - 237."]}

Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 68, 150-195