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In this user study, we want to compare focus+context, pan&zoom, and overview+details techniques in matrix visualizations.

This is a follow-up of our previous study (Investigate visualizations that wrap around spherical topologies - https://osf.io/vctfu). The difference with the previous study are: - We look at node-link representation of networks that wrap around toroidal and spherical topologies. - We chose two spherical layouts inspired from the previous study: hemisphere (Orthographic hemisphere) and non-hemisphere (Equal Earth) projections. - We compare them with existing toroidal layouts and regular flat (non-spherical, non-toroidal) representations. - All the techniques support interactive panning/rotation except the regular node-link layout. This allows users to view the continuation of edge wrapping around the display

A controlled user study compare zooming and overview+detail interfaces in virtual reality (VR).

Focus+context is an interaction technique that can enlarge the focus area and shrink the rest of a visualization. With this basic idea, different designs of the focus+context technique exist. In this project, we explored the design space and identified four representative designs. We then conduct a controlled user study to compare the effectiveness of them in three visualization tasks.

Traditional 2-dimensional (2D) data visualisations are designed to be viewed on a printed page or standard screen. However, it is possible to arrange data on a 3D surface such as a sphere or torus topology, and then project such a surface onto a 2D rectangular plane while wrapping the data around the boundaries of a 2D surface. Potential benefits include the preservation of the data’s underlying topology in the case of geospatial data, and the preservation of the data’s underlying structure in the case of abstract data such as networks. However, in wrapped visualisations the viewer needs to perceive continuity of the visualisation across boundaries, which may induce additional cognitive load. Despite widespread use of projection techniques in geovisualisation and study of network embeddings on toroidal surfaces, there is very little research into wrapped data visualisations. This project aims to (1) conduct user studies to evaluate readability of interactively wrapping on map projection visualisations, and compare with their equivalent unwrapped visualisations; (2) conduct user studies to evaluate the readability of interactive wrapped visualisations of spherical node-link layouts and compare with their toroidal representations.

Background Reconstruction of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is an effective surgical method for the treatment of lateral patellar instability. At present, there is not much controversies regarding the femoral attachment, however, the controversies regarding patellar attachment versus attachment, number of graft strands, tension, isometry and so on. Methods The following electronic databases will be searched: PubMed, the Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, Medline. We will consider articles published between database initiation and March 2021. MPFL in the subject heading will be included in the study. Language is limited to English. Research selection, data extraction, and research quality assessment were independently completed by 2 researchers. Results MPFL reconstruction is a reliable technique for the treatment of patellofemoral instability. The Schottle point is still the mainstream method for locating the femoral attachment, the patellar attachment for single-bundle is located at the junction of the proximal one third and the distal two third of the longitudinal axis of the patella. For double-bundles, one is located in the proximal one third of the medial patellar edge and another is in the center of the patellar edge. Meanwhile, the adjustment of graft tension during operation is very important. Conclusions By reviewing a large number of literature, this article summarizes the above problems during surgery and serves as a guideline to the management of MPFL reconstruction in lateral patellar instability.

The overcurrent due to the short circuit of the thyristor arm is considered to be one of the important research contents. In the Comprehensive Research Facility for Fusion Technology (CRAFT) power supply system, when a short circuit occurs in the converter arm, the general protection method is to use a fuse for protection, but the way to select fuse is very blind, and the matching and suitability are not very good, resulting in a waste of components. In this paper, theoretical calculation and simulation verification are used for the CRAFT TF magnet power system, based on the principle of reliable fuse when the converter arm is short-circuited, and the principle of no action when the reactor is short-circuited, the fault current of the fast fuse is verified to determine the fast. The fuse model and the simulation results show that the selected fast fuse can effectively suppress the overcurrent, and the CRAFT tf magnet power system has been effectively protected.

Testicular macrophage (TM) is the major immune cell population in the testis, and displays a critical function in spermatogenesis together with Leydig cells: hormone production is TM-dependent; Sperm with neo-antigens are protected from immune attack. Resident macrophages with specific profiles have been shown to be induced by local microenvirnmental factors, like microglia in the brain, is maintained by IL-34, and regulated by TGF-β through the downstream transcription factors, SMADs. 25-hydrocholesterol (25HC) and interferon β (IFN-β) can be produced by macrophages and are highly expressed in the testis. IRF7, the master transcription factor of IFN-β, is also shown to balance the macrophage functions and is highly expressed in TM. Our study finds that 25HC displays dual inflammatory functions depend on the initial activation by M-CSF, which is also regulated by IRF7. We compare all male reproductive organs between Irf7-/- and wild type mice, and find that IRF7 is important to repress the expression of MHC II in most of the resident macrophages. Of note, only in the testis, the survival of macrophage shows close relation with IRF7. In conclusion, we relate metabolism of cholesterol with inflammatory regulations in the male reproductive organs. M-CSF in the testis displays as an initial factor to induce high levels of 25HC and IRF7. The high level of IRF7 can repress the expression of MHC II, and the high concentration of 25HC shows anti-inflammatory functions,which together form the specific TM profile.