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A global event such as the COVID-19 crisis presents new, often unexpected responses that are fascinating to investigate from both, scientific and social standpoints. Despite several documented similarities, the Coronavirus pandemic is clearly distinct from the 1918 flu pandemic in terms of our exponentially increased, almost instantaneous ability to access/share information, offering an unprecedented opportunity to visualise rippling effects of global events across space and time. Personal devices provide “big data” on people’s movement, the environment and economic trends, while access to the unprecedented flurry in scientific publications and media posts provides a measure of the response of the educated world to the crisis. Most bibliometric (co-authorship, co-citation, or bibliographic coupling) analyses ignore the time dimension, but COVID-19 has made it possible to perform a detailed temporal investigation into the pandemic. Here, we report a comprehensive network analysis based on more than 20000 published documents on viral epidemics, authored by over 75,000 individuals from 140 nations in the past one year of the crisis. In contrast to the 1918 flu pandemic, access to published data over the past two decades enabled a comparison of publishing trends between the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and those of the 2003 SARS epidemic, to study changes in thematic foci and societal pressures dictating research over the course of a crisis.

The influence of Calcination temperature on the physical properties of Ni0.6Zn0.4Fe2O4 ferrite nanoparticles were investigated. These ferrite nanoparticles have been synthesized by sol-gel auto combustion method using citric acid as fuel agent at different calcination temperatures (4000C, 5000C and 6000C). The Morphological investigation, average crystallite size and microstructure of the material were examined by using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) and FTIR spectra. The Effects of calcination temperature on the dielectric and magnetic properties were calculated by using LCR meter and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The XRD result shows a single-phase cubic spinel structure with average crystallite size increases from 27 to 29.5 nm, with an increase of temperature. The highest saturation magnetization was found at a calcination temperature 6000C with value 80.39 emu/g, and the value coercive field (Hc) was inverse with the crystallite size.

Under organic management condition, it is presumed that the nutrients applied to preceding crops exhibits the considerable effect on succeeding crops, hence a fixed plot field experiment was conducted during three years (2011 to 2014) at Research Farm, National Organic Farming Research Institute (NOFRI), Tadong, Gangtok to assess the residual effect of mulching and vermicompost on growth, productivity, profitability and energetics of popcorn (Zea mays everta) under toria (Brassica campestris)-popcorn cropping system. The results revealed that the mulching materials applied to the preceding crops exhibited significant residual effect on growth, yield attributes and grain yield of succeeding popcorn over non-mulching (bare soil). However, among the mulching materials, rice straw mulch @ 5 t/ha exerted maximum residual effect and resulted in higher cob length (16.0 cm), cob girth (12.0 cm), grain yield (1.93 ha), stover yield (3.07 t/ha), net returns (72.8 × 103 rs.`/ha), B:C ratio (2.87) and energy use efficiency (20.62%) of popcorn. With regards to the vermicompost levels, residual effect of vermicompost @ 1.5 t/ha recorded the maximum grain yield (1.9 t/ha), net returns (71.3× 103 rs.`/ha), B:C ratio (2.81) and energy use efficiency (20.34%) of the succeeding popcorn under toria-popcorn cropping system.