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The whitebacked planthopper (WBPH), Sogatella furcifera (Horvath) is an important pest of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The objective of this study was to examine the biology of pest under agro-climatic condition of Haryana, India during Kharif-2012. Observations were taken to examine the site of oviposition, hatching, per cent larval duration, pupal period, longevity etc. The colour of adult was dull - white with blackish spot on dorsal side of abdomen with average fecundity of 132.8 eggs/female in cluster of 5 to 30 eggs. The highest number of eggs (71.96%) were laid on leaf sheath of plants followed by midrib (16.66%) and stem (11.36%). The average incubation period was 8.6±0.24 days with 84.21 per cent hatching. Maximum hatching of eggs was observed during morning hours. WBPH completed its post - embryonic development in 42.09 days (male) and 44.4 days (female) and passed through five nymphal instars to become an adult with 89 per cent larval survival and 89±0.05 per cent moth emergence. Adult male was short lived 14.4 days as compared to female (15.9) days with 1.0:0.78 sex ratio. This study provides detailed information on the morphological peculiarties of immature stages with the duration required for the completion of life cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Access into the collecting system is considered to be the most critical step for Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Aim: The present study provides a comparative view into antegrade air pyelography and retrograde air pyelography procedures for percutaneous renal access. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients with radiopaque renal calculi indicated for PCNL procedure. These patients were randomly assigned to two groups namely antegrade air pyelogram group (Group I) and retrograde air pyelogram group (Group II). In antegrade air pyelogram group, the collecting system was delineated by targeting the renal stone using a 22 gauge spinal needle where the patients were in the prone position. In another group, the collecting system was delineated by retrograde air pyelogram under fluoroscopy guidance. The method of tract dilatation and stone extraction were the same in both groups for comparison of outcome and complication. Results: The mean age of patients was 41.7±13 and 41.4±13.6 years in Group-I and Group-II respectively. The male to female ratio in Groups I and II was 35/15 (70.00%) and 38/12 (76.00%) respectively. In Group-I the average duration of access was 2.66±1.0 minutes after prone positioning whereas it was recorded to be 19.48±5.0 minutes in Group-II, after lithotomy followed by prone positioning of the patient. Duration of radiation exposure was almost similar in both groups. Additional procedural cost was significantly higher in Group II. Conclusion: Our study indicated that access for PCNL using antegrade air pyelogram can be a cost-effective and acceptable alternative to retrograde air pyelogram with decreased access time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field experiments were carried out during rabi 2007-08 and 2008-09 to evaluate the effect of different weed management measures and nitrogen (N) application on yield and economics of coriander. Results revealed that two hand weedings (HW) at 20 and 40 days after sowing (DAS) produced the highest seed and straw yields (13.71 and 25.83 q ha-1). The highest net returns (Rs. 55841 ha-1) and B : C ratio (2.39) were also obtained under this treatment. However, it was found to be at par with pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha-1 + HW at 40 DAS, wherein seed and straw yields of 13.61 and 25.57 q ha-1, respectively were obtained. The highest harvest index of 35.01% as well as the lowest mean weed index of 0.7%, were also observed under pendimethalin at 1.0 kg ha-1 + HW at 40 DAS. Results further revealed that application of N at 75 kg ha-1 significantly increased the seed yield to the extent of 11.9%, 32.7% and 84.3% and net returns by Rs. 7915, Rs. 18366 and Rs. 34536 ha-1 over 50, 25 kg N ha-1 and control, respectively. Correlation studies revealed that seed yield of coriander was significantly and positively correlated with growth and yield attributing characters and nutrient uptake by crop. Based on the response studies, 64.75 kg ha-1 was found to be the optimum level of N for coriander. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted to find out the effect of irrigation levels and mulching on performance of fennel. Results indicated that application of six irrigations significantly increased the plant height, number of branches plant-1, total chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation per metre row length, number of umbels plant-1, umbellets umbel-1, seeds umbellet-1 as well as seed, stover and biological yield of fennel compared to four and five irrigations. However, it remained at par with seven irrigations. Results further revealed that application of straw mulch significantly increased number of branches plant-1, dry matter accumulation per metre row length, number of umbellets umbel-1 and yields (seed, stover and biological) over control, dust and plastic mulches. Plant height and number of umbels plant-1 increased significantly with straw mulch as compared to control and dust mulch, but remained at par with plastic mulch. However, in respect of number of seeds umbellet-1, straw, plastic and dust mulch gave similar results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted at S.K.N. College of Agriculture, Jobner in Jaipur district of Rajasthan during kharif 2009 on loamy sand soil under semi-arid conditions. The experiment consisting of four levels each of phosphorus (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha-1) and sulphur (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha-1) thereby making sixteen treatment combinations was laid out in randomized block design and replicated thrice. Sesame variety 'RT-127' was used as a test crop. Results showed that every increase in level of phosphorus upto 30 kg ha-1 brought about significantly higher seed (933 kg ha-1) and stalk yield (3385 kg ha-1) in comparison to lower levels and control. Nitrogen, phosphorus and sulphur concentration in seed and stalk and their uptake, protein and oil content in seed as well as oil yield were also significantly improved under this level of phosphorus. However, it was found at par with 45 kg P ha-1. Results further indicated that application of sulphur at 30 kg ha-1, remaining at par with 45 kg ha-1 produced 9.8 and 32.5 per cent higher seed and stalk yield of sesame than 15 kg ha-1 and control, respectively. Nutrient concentration in seed and stalk and their uptake as well as protein and oil content in seed was also significantly higher at these levels of sulphur than lower levels. Sulphur fertilization at 30 and 45 kg ha-1 also recorded oil yields of 453.1 and 469.0 kg ha-1 that was 55.3 and 60.8 per cent higher than control, respectively. The economic optimum dose of phosphorus and sulphur as derived from response function was found to be 42.15 and 42.75 kg ha-1, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the effects of injection/suction on oscillatory flow of a viscous incompressible fluid through a porous medium in a porous channel. The porous channel with constant injection/suction, rotates about an axis perpendicular to the plates of the channel. A magnetic field of uniform strength is also applied perpendicular to the plates. The upper plate is allowed to oscillate in its own plane with the velocity U*(t*), while the lower plate is at rest. The effects of Coriolis force, the magnetic field and porosity of medium on the flow are studied. The resultant velocities R0 and R1 for the steady and unsteady parts respectively along with their phase angles θ0 and θ1 have been discussed in detail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies on growth and development of pevendi ber (Ziziphus mauritiana Lank.) of Jhansi Uttar Pradesh Showed that the fruit growth in term of fruit weitght, volume, fruit length and diameter presented a double sigmoid curve. The interval between fruit setting and maturity was 130 days. It was found that, total solible solids, titrable acidity reducing sugar and total suger in fruit in pulp increased towards maturity. Ascorbic acid content increased and decreased as the fruit matured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted at Bharari Jhansi (U.P.) of Chandra Shekher Azad University of Agriculture and Technology Kanpur, during consecutive Rabi season 2004-05 and 2005-06 to study the effect of time of sowing and specing on seed yield of pea CV. Azad P-3. First fort night of November (12 Nov.) was highest seed yield (18.7 q/ha) under 30 cm specing with thining distance between plant to plant 10 cm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted at Bharari, (Jhansi) by Chandra Sekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur during to consecutive Rabi seiason 2005-06 and 2006-07. Results obtained from the data depicted in manuscript reveals that maximum yield of tomato and its growth & development characteristics along with yield components and quality attributes obtained in that plot which was treated with phosphorus as S.S.P. @ 450 kg/ha-1 + Phosphorus Solubilizing Bacteria + FYM@30 t ha-1. Combind application all three treatments was more beneficial than that of its alone application. Seed of tomato treated with PSB showed significant increasing effect on yield and yield attributing characteristics. Although, in genral, the integrated response of various treatments were significantly higher during second year than that of first year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The anxiety experienced by pregnant women due to gender preference is examined in this study, using the data collected from 203 pregnant women (having two living children) who visited K.C. General and Vani Vilas Hospitals, Bangalore, for ante-natal check-up during the third trimester. The study reveals that those who had 'high' level of anxiety accounted for 93 per cent among those having two female living children, compared to 67 per cent among those having one male and one female living child and only 27 per cent among those having two male living children. These proportions are found to differ significantly (at 1 per cent level) from one another. The study has also shown that as high as 64 per cent of those having only daughters are seriously wanting a son, whereas only 6 per cent of those having only sons are seriously wanting a daughter. This reveals the extent of son preference causing anxiety to pregnant women. It is interesting to find that the average anxiety score of those having two daughters and wanting a son is significantly higher than that of those having two sons and wanting a daughter. This confirms that son preference causes anxiety to pregnant women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two hundred and eighty-four arteriograms were performed in the hands and feet 178 leprosy patients. Narrowing and tortuosity of the digital vessels, especially in the presence of bone absorption, were constant features. Digital tufts revealed signs of ischemia. However, in the presence of infection, hyperemia was a definite observation. Diminution in the caliber of the digital arteries and thinning or absence of the vascular end loops prove that ischemia plays a vital role in the production of various lesions in leprosy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Arteriography performed in 45 giant cell lesions of the bone has proved useful in the evaluation and enbloc resection at various sites. Arterial displacement and exact assessment of the extension of the tumour have been observed in most of the cases. A biplane arteriogram gave a correct evaluation of the intra and extra osseous extent of the lesion and the positioning of the major feeding arteries, making the enbloc resection adequate and easy. The investigation has been of a great help in modifying the treatment and the surgical approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment conducted at Hazrapur, Firozabad during to Consicutive Kharif season, 2007 and 2008. Five varieties of onion were studied for their suitability in Kharif season for two years. Plant height and number of leaves/plant were significantly higher Arka Niketan. Maximum bulb diameter (5-60 cm) was noted in Arka Niketan variety. Which was at par with Agrifound dark red (5-37 cm) Maximum bulb yield (182-98 q/ha) was produced by Agrifound dark red, followed by Arka Niketan (168-45 q/ha), while minimum bulb yield (92.75 q/ha) was recorded in Agrifound light red. Toltal soluble solids was high (12-0 B) in Arka Niketan. Minimum total soluble solids (9.6 B), was recorded in N-53 varity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A field experiment was conducted at Hazaratpur, Firozabad during to consecutive Rabi season 2006-07 and 2007-08. The result indicated that application of phosphorous @ 30 kg h-1 in combination with PSB was found maximum yield contributing characters. In the present investigation there was found highest net income and highest cost benifit ratio in the treatment 30 kg P2O5/ha + PSB. The treatment 20 kg P2O5/ha + PSB was next in order in connection with the net income and benefit cost ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]