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A vertical oscillation rheometer (VOR), which is designed for the purpose of electrorheological (ER) fluid measurements, is investigated. Linear viscoelastic material functions, such as complex viscosity, complex shear modulus, and loss tangent, are obtained in terms of the geometric parameters of the VOR, the measured force, and the applied strain. The VOR is then calibrated with a Physica rheometer using a corn starch-polybutene/kerosene ER fluid system. The geometry which oscillates vertically is found to be easily constructed and to measure the viscoelastic properties of the ER fluid with a high electric voltage generator. Data from the VOR are found to be reliable in a wide range of strain or frequency.

We report the analysis results of far ultraviolet (FUV) observations, made for a broad region around $\alpha$ Vir (Spica) including the interaction zone of Loop I and the Local Bubble. The whole region was optically thin and a general correlation was seen between the FUV continuum intensity and the dust extinction, except in the neighborhood of the bright central star, indicating the dust scattering nature of the FUV continuum. We performed Monte-Carlo radiative transfer simulations to obtain the optical parameters related to the dust scattering as well as the geometrical structure of the region. The albedo and asymmetry factor were found to be 0.38$\pm$0.06 and 0.46$\pm$0.06, respectively, in good agreement with the Milky Way dust grain models. The distance to and the thickness of the interaction zone were estimated to be 70$^{+4}_{-8}$ pc and 40$^{+8}_{-10}$ pc, respectively. The diffuse FUV continuum in the northern region above Spica was mostly the result of scattering of the starlight from Spica, while that in the southern region was mainly due to the background stars. The \ion{C}{4} $\lambda\lambda$1548, 1551 emission was found throughout the whole region, in contrast to the \ion{Si}{2}* $\lambda$1532 emission which was bright only within the \ion{H}{2} region. This indicates that the \ion{C}{4} line arises mostly at the shell boundaries of the bubbles, with a larger portion likely from the Loop I than from the Local Bubble side, whereas the \ion{Si}{2}* line is from the photoionized Spica nebula., Comment: total 8pages,8 figures

Y.J. CHOI, C.J. KIM AND G.E. JI. 1996. β-Glucosidase was extracted from sonicated Bifidobacterium adolescentis Int-57 and partially purified by Sepharose CL-6B gel-filtration and DEAE-cellulose ion-exchange chromatography. The partially purified enzyme was confirmed to convert cycasin to a mutagen in the Ames and SOS chromotests. β-Glucosidase negative strains were unable to activate cycasin mutagenically.

The Swift Gamma-ray Burst (GRB) observatory responds to GRB triggers with optical observations in ~ 100 s, but cannot respond faster than ~ 60 s. While some ground-based telescopes respond quickly, the number of sub-60 s detections remains small. In mid- to late-2013, the Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory-Pathfinder is to be launched on the Lomonosov spacecraft to investigate early optical GRB emission. This pathfinder mission is necessarily limited in sensitivity and event rate; here we discuss a next generation rapid-response space observatory. We list science topics motivating our instruments, those that require rapid optical-IR GRB response, including: A survey of GRB rise shapes/times, measurements of optical bulk Lorentz factors, investigation of magnetic dominated (vs. non-magnetic) jet models, internal vs. external shock origin of prompt optical emission, the use of GRBs for cosmology, and dust evaporation in the GRB environment. We also address the impacts of the characteristics of GRB observing on our instrument and observatory design. We describe our instrument designs and choices for a next generation observatory as a second instrument on a low-earth orbit spacecraft, with a 120 kg instrument mass budget. Restricted to relatively modest mass and power, we find that a coded mask X-ray camera with 1024 cm2 of detector area could rapidly locate about 64 GRB triggers/year. Responding to the locations from the X-ray camera, a 30 cm aperture telescope with a beam-steering system for rapid (~ 1 s) response and a near-IR camera should detect ~ 29 GRB, given Swift GRB properties. Am additional optical camera would give a broadband optical-IR slope, allowing dynamic measurement of dust extinction at the source, for the first time., 12 pages, 11 figures, submitted to SPIE 2012 Amsterdam conference proceedings

Orbital and Periorbital Complications of Proton Beam Radiation Therapy for Intraocular Tumor Y.J. Choi, S. Kim, H.K. Choung, and Y.S. Yu; Department of Ophthalmology, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea, Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea, Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea, Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea, Seoul, South Korea

Imitation crab stick (ICS) samples were divided into 5 treatments, a control composed of commercial ICS containing no breast meat from spent laying hens, and treatments 1, 2, 3, and 4, in which 5, 10, 15, and 20% batter from breast meat of whole spent laying hens was substituted for Alaska pollack surimi, respectively. Imitation crab stick samples containing spent laying hen breast meat batter showed significantly (P0.05) higher moisture levels than the control sample. However, the myoglobin and metmyoglobin levels did not differ significantly (P0.05) among ICS samples. During storage, whiteness was greater in the control sample than in the ICS samples containing spent laying hen breast meat batter. The saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids increased, whereas the polyunsaturated fatty acids decreased in response to substituting surimi with spent laying hen breast meat batter. The moisture content and pH were increased as the amount of spent laying hen breast meat batter increased. The lipid oxidation value (TBA-reactive substances) and protein degradation value (volatile basic nitrogen) tended to increase during storage as the amount of spent laying hen breast meat batter increased. None of the sensory evaluation items differed among ICS samples during storage, although the color of the final products, mechanical color (by colorimeter), and textural properties did differ among samples. These results indicate that substituting laying hen breast meat batter for Alaska pollack surimi is a very useful method for the production of ICS because it enables the use of a simple production process that does not require steps, such as washing or pH adjustment, for myofibrillar protein recovery.

Objectives The treatment guidelines for isolated superior mesenteric artery dissection (SMAD) are not well established. The purpose of this study was to report a single-centre series of SMAD and propose treatment guidelines. Materials and Methods Between November 2004 and December 2009, 30 patients were diagnosed with SMAD. We retrospectively reviewed their medical records. Results The subjects included 26 men and four women, with a mean age of 55.1 years. The chief complaint was abdominal pain in 17 patients, whereas 13 patients were asymptomatic. The mean follow-up was 38.3 months. The radiographic findings included intimal flap with a false lumen in 20 patients and intramural haematoma in 10 patients. The treatments included observation in 18 patients, anticoagulation in five patients, stenting in six patients and surgery in one patient. During follow-up (mean 15.6 months), there was no change in the computed tomography scans of seven patients, improvement was observed in four patients and complete resolution was observed in four patients. All patients, including the symptomatic patients, remained asymptomatic during follow-up. Conclusions Most patients with SMAD can be successfully managed with conservative treatment. Surgical treatment or percutaneous intervention can be reserved for patients with severe mesenteric ischaemia and those for whom the initial conservative treatment fails.

The crab analogue samples were made from Alaska pollack with golden threadfin bream surimi (Control), and a combination of Alaska pollack with golden threadfin bream surimi and a low amount of spent hen breast surimi (treatment 1, T1). Treatment 2 (T2) was made from Alaska pollack with golden threadfin bream surimi and a high amount of spent hen breast surimi, and treatment 3 (T3) was made from Alaska pollack with golden threadfin bream with mechanically deboned chicken meat (MDCM). T3 shows a significantly lower moisture amount compared with other samples. Crude protein was higher in T1 than in other samples at 4 weeks of storage. pH was significantly lower in control (C) than those of other samples until 2 weeks of storage, and cooking loss was higher in C than in other samples, while shear force and cholesterol were higher in T3 compared with other samples. In meat color, lightness (L*) was significantly higher in T2 than in other samples. Whiteness of T2 was significantly higher compared with that of other samples. In fatty acid composition, saturated fatty acid was significantly higher in T3, while unsaturated fatty acid was higher in C than in other samples. C showed significantly higher thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) value, while TBARS value was lower in T2 compared with other samples. In sensory evaluation, the color and overall acceptability were significantly lower in T3 compared with other samples. These results demonstrated that the crab analogue product could be made from spent hen breast, although the quality of crab analogue containing MDCM sample (T3) is a little lower than other crab analogue samples. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS The application of the surimi technology in the production of a surimi-based product from other meats such as chicken, pork and beef could provide a new approach toward increasing its value and utilization. In the present study, imitation crab analogue was made from surimi containing spent laying hen breast with various ingredients. Imitation crab analogue product can be made from spent laying hen breast, although the quality of imitation crab analogue containing mechanically deboned chicken meat is a little lower than that of other imitation crab analogue samples.

Biochemical and conformational changes of purified sardine myosin were investigated at various pHs. The purity of myosin, as determined by SDS-PAGE, was approximately 94.6%. One major band at 205 kDa, corresponding to myosin heavy chain, and 3 light chains at 31, 24, and 23 kDa were observed on the SDS-PAGE gel. The greatest myosin protein solubility was observed at pH 7 and remained constant up to pH 11. Sardine myosin showed no solubility at pHs 2.5 to 5.0. Three endothermic peaks were obtained for samples prepared at pHs 7 and 10, while no peaks were shown for pH 2 samples, indicating chemical denaturation of myosin occurred before thermal treatment. The greatest Ca(2+)-ATPase activity was observed at pH 7, while no activity was observed between pHs 2 and 5 and at pH 11. Total sulfhydryl content was not measured at pHs 2.5 to 4 while the greatest measure was obtained for samples at pH 5.5. Surface hydrophobicity was not detected from pHs 2.5 to 5.0; thereafter the content remained consistent through pH 11. Storage modulus, indicating the elastic element of myosin gels, was minimally affected at pH 2, indicating myosin was chemically denatured before the temperature sweep treatment. However, at pH 10, the thermal exposure of myosin, as evidenced by dynamic thermograms with deeper valleys at 40 to 60 degrees C, was noted, indicating myosin was not damaged by adjustment to pH 10 and therefore was still able to undergo thermal gelation.

The sausage samples were made from pork with spent laying hen breast surimi. The samples were divided into 4 groups [sausage made from pork (control) and sausage made from pork with 20% (T1), 40% (T2), and 60% (T3) of spent laying hen breast surimi]. In proximate compositions, the moisture and ash contents of the control were higher than sausage containing spent laying hen surimi samples in all storage periods. The pH and cooking loss were higher in T3 compared with other sausage samples. However, there was no significant difference in water-holding capacity among the sausage samples, whereas shear force was significantly higher in T2. In meat color, sausage containing spent laying hen surimi samples (T1, T2, and T3) have shown to have higher lightness (L*) compared with control, and redness (a*) was significantly higher in control and T1. Total amino acid content and essential amino acids were increased in sausage containing spent laying hen surimi samples at 0 d of storage. In fatty acid composition, saturated fatty acid was higher in control than sausage containing spent laying hen surimi samples. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances value was lower in sausage containing spent laying hen surimi samples than control at 2 and 4 wk of storage. Cholesterol content was lower in control compared with sausage containing spent laying hen surimi samples. In sensory evaluation, most test items were not significantly different among the sausage samples although tenderness was higher in T2 and T3 at 0 d of storage.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The outcome for simultaneous revascularization of more than 1 supra-aortic arterial stenosis has not been evaluated because of concerns regarding the increased risk of additional procedures. We evaluated the feasibility and safety of concomitant multiple supra-aortic arterial revascularizations (CMSAR). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We retrospectively evaluated 50 consecutive patients who underwent CMSARs with angioplasty and stent placement. The study included a separate lesion group (LG) (n = 28), ipsilateral LG (n = 17) including adjacent (n = 6) and remote (n = 11) tandem lesions, and triple LG (n = 5). We assessed the procedural success (defined as residual stenosis

We report the results of our analysis of the H II region around ? Oph based on far-ultraviolet (FUV) spectral imaging observations, together with data made in other wavelengths. We found that scattering by dust grains of the FUV photons, which originate mostly from ? Oph, dominates the FUV emission in this region, while contributions from the two-photon effects and molecular hydrogen fluorescence are not negligible. Unlike the H? image, which shows dark shadows of the molecular clouds on the extended diffuse background, the FUV continuum image is featureless with a smooth intensity that decreases outward from the center, which is attributed to multiple scattering of photons originating from a single star that smears out the shape of the scattering dust clouds. Molecular hydrogen fluorescence emission is enhanced at the boundary of the H II region, especially in LDN 204 at its closest region facing ? Oph. The region has a high temperature of ~1000?K as well as high atomic and molecular hydrogen content with n H = ~101.8 cm?3 and N(H2) = ~1022 cm?2, respectively. Photoionization and dust-scattering simulations are conducted with the effects of molecular clouds included, and the results are compared with the corresponding H? and FUV observations. The results suggest that the molecular clouds reside close to the H II region in front of ? Oph and that they may partially overlap with the H II region.

Trophoblast cell lines are important research tools used as a surrogate for primary trophoblast cells in the study of placental function. Because the cellular origins of transformed trophoblasts are likely to be diverse, it would be of value to understand the unique and shared phenotypes of the cells on a global scale. We have compared two widely used cell lines, BeWo and JEG3, by microarray analysis in order to identify differentially expressed genes. Results indicated that approximately 2700 genes were differentially expressed between the cell lines, with principal differences observed in the biological processes of response to stress, cell adhesion, signal transduction, and protein and nucleobase metabolisms. These data suggest that BeWo and JEG3 cell lines, and perhaps other trophoblast cell lines, are sufficiently dissimilar from each other such that they will be differentially suited for specific experimental paradigms.

A two-phase boosted voltage (VPP) generator circuit was proposed for use in giga-bit DRAMs. It reduced the maximum gate oxide voltage of pass transistor and the lower limit of supply voltage to VPP and V/sub TN/ respectively while those for the conventional charge pump circuit are VPP+VDD and 1.5 V/sub TN/ respectively. Also the pumping current was increased in the new circuit.

This paper presents the analytical methods to evaluate the forward/inverse kinetostatic capabilities of robotic manipulators. The eigenvalue problems corresponding to the forward and inverse kinetostatic capability analyses have been formulated. The forward kinetostatic capability analysis is to determine the magnitude bounds of the force and moment (linear and angular velocity) vectors generated at the end-effector for the given magnitude of actuating forces (velocities). Conversely, the inverse analysis is to find the magnitude bound of actuating forces (velocities) for the given magnitudes of the force and moment (linear and angular velocity) vectors at the end-effector. The inverse analysis is important since it can provide a designer with valuable information about how to choose the actuators. It has been shown that the eigenvalues from the forward and inverse analyses have a reciprocal relation with each other, which implies that solving either of the eigenvalue problems may complete the forward/inverse kinetostatic capability analyses. It has been also presented that the proposed kinetostatic capability analysis can be extended to redundant manipulators.

The accuracy of data, the structure of the cross reference file of data and the perpetual preservation of data [Bmanagement through map computerization and the implementation of a database, when land and utility informations are computerized and databased on the computer by the land information system. It is shown that the general systems for the land management are inadequate in various contexts, but alternatives for these difficulties can be efficiently managed and conveniently used for land and utility management. There are several elements that should be determined in the process of map computerization data structure, several features and several networks. Result of this study for a sample area (Chuncheon, Korea) are as follows: Input data constructed on the layer are able to be overlaid and separated freely; work editing is very speedy on computer; scaled map are provided freely: and because maps are transformed with digital data, the map is perpetual. >

Correspondence to Danbi Lee, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Internal Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea Tel: +82-2-3010-3907, Fax: +82-2-476-0824, E-mail: leighdb@hanmail.net Copyrightc 2014 The Korean Association of Internal Medicine This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Primaquine 과복용 후 발생한 간부전 1예

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas often cause marked pancreatic duct dilatation and associated parenchymal atrophy. We present the case of a small pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor with upstream pancreatic duct dilatation and severe parenchymal atrophy. A small enhancing tumor was observed at the head of the pancreas on computed tomography (CT). Endoscopic ultrasonographyguided fine-needle aspiration was negative for malignancy. We performed a pylorus-preserving pancreatoduodenectomy since we could not exclude the presence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. The pathological and immunohistochemical examination revealed a serotonin-positive neuroendocrine tumor, measured 1.0 × 0.5 cm. The pathological specimen was remarkable for the marked stromal fibrosis in the area of the tumor, which resulted in narrowing of the main pancreatic duct. Here, we report a rare small pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, the CT image of which resembled that of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, in which the expression of serotonin and associated fibrosis might be a possible mechanism for the marked main pancreatic duct dilatation. (Korean J Med 2014;86:598-602)