Search

Comprehensive Summary: All‐solution‐processed organic solar cells (OSCs) (from the bottom electrode to the top electrode) are highly attractive thanks to their low cost, lightweight and high‐throughput production. However, achieving highly efficient all‐solution‐processed OSCs remains a significant challenge. One of the key issues is the lack of high‐quality solution‐processed electrode systems that can replace indium tin oxide (ITO) and vacuum‐deposited metal electrodes. In this paper, we comprehensively review recent advances in all‐solution‐processed OSCs, and classified the devices as the top electrode materials, including silver nanowires (AgNWs), conducting polymers and composite conducting materials. The correlation between electrode materials, properties of electrodes, and device performance in all‐solution‐processed OSCs is elucidated. In addition, the critical roles of the active layer and interface layer are also discussed. Finally, the prospects and challenges of all‐solution‐processed OSCs are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Swin‐Transformer is a variant of the Vision Transformer, which constructs a hierarchical Transformer that computes representations with shifted windows and window multi‐head self‐attention. This method can handle the scale invariance problem and performs well in many computer vision tasks. In image retrieval, high‐quality feature descriptors are necessary to improve retrieval accuracy. This paper proposes a self‐ensemble Swin‐Transformer network structure to fuse the features of different layers of the Swin‐Transformer network, eliminating noise points present in a single layer, and improving the retrieval effect. Two experiments were conducted, one on the In‐shop Clothes Retrieval dataset and another on the Stanford Online Product dataset. The experiments showed that the proposed method significantly increased the retrieval effect of features extracted using Vision Transformer, surpassing previous state‐of‐the‐art image retrieval methods. In the second experiment, the feature map of the trained model was visualized, revealing that the improved network significantly reduces focus on some noise points and enhances focus on image features compared to the original network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A quasi-resonant Flyback (QR-Flyback) converter with 65 W output was designed. The valley switching principle and the switching loss reduction mechanism of QR-Flyback were analyzed, the frequency and loss characteristics of the system under different working conditions were compared, and the advantages and disadvantages of frequency conversion control were summarized. Combined with the frequency hopping control function of the NCP1380 controller, the hardware circuit parameters of each part of the system were designed and the efficiency of the system was effectively improved. Finally, the feasibility of theoretical analysis and parameter design were verified by simulation and experiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This brief proposes a new lightweight authenticated encryption algorithm SIMON‐GCM for Internet of Things (IoT) security, which realizes the combination of SIMON block cipher and Galois/Counter Mode (GCM). The designed SIMON circuit supports 128/192/256‐bit key size, which improves the flexibility and enlarges the range of applications. Moreover, the scheme of 32‐cycle Galois field (GF) multiplier in GF(2128) is adopted to effectively reduce the hardware cost of the Galois Hash (GHASH) function in GCM. At the same time, a finite state machine (FSM) is used to run the SIMON and GHASH modules in parallel, thus shortening the authenticated encryption time. The whole circuit is designed and implemented in field programmable gate array (FPGA) platforms. It is measured to yield a throughput of 32.4 Gbps when consuming 331 slices in Artix‐7. Compared with the existing authenticated encryption algorithms, the proposed algorithm achieves lower resource consumption and better flexibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mechanoluminescent materials have shown promising applications in visualized mechanical sensing, imaging, and real-time monitoring because of unique mechanics-optics conversion. However, most mechanoluminescent materials exhibit weak intensity and transient emitting behavior, which severely hinders practical applications. In this work, trap-controlled mechanoluminescence (ML) under friction or compression was demonstrated in Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu2+ when composited with epoxy resin. In addition to green-emitting ML with relatively good cyclic stability, Ca2MgSi2O7:Eu2+ exhibited attractive persistent mechanoluminescence (Pers-ML) behavior (i.e., the sample could emit light continuously after removing the applied mechanical stimulus). This is a significant finding to break the restrictions caused by conventional transient ML behavior. By investigating the intrinsic structure, matrix effects and trap evolution, the "deep" traps and "shallow" traps were found to be responsible for the as-observed ML and Pers-ML, respectively. Based on the physical understanding stated above, a trap-regulating strategy by co-doping with Ho3+ was developed, which simultaneously enhanced ML and Pers-ML. These developed materials with highly efficient ML and Pers-ML could be promising for mechanics-driven lighting, displaying, imaging, and sensing applications in various fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A broadband dual-polarized crossed dipole antenna is proposed in this paper. To achieve a wide impedance bandwidth and low-profile configuration, a novel bow-tie balun is applied to this antenna. Firstly, the working mechanisms of both bow-tie baluns and the antenna are introduced. Then, the parametric study and design guidelines are presented. Finally, the optimized antenna is fabricated, measured, and analyzed. The simulated and measured results show that the antenna has a wide impedance bandwidth from 2.42 GHz to 6.48 GHz. The fractional bandwidth is 91.2%. Moreover, within the whole band, the E-plane and H-plane radiation patterns are stable. The port isolation is greater than 20 dB, and the cross-polarization discrimination ratio is better than 25 dB. The proposed antenna achieves a realized gain of 7.5   d B i   ±   0.5   d B i . It can be a good candidate for sub-6 GHz wireless communications or short-range radar applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]