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This study aims at developing a high-performance liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) method to analyze tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and its pharmaceutical preparations. Several cyclodextrin mobile-phase additives were applied to reversed-phase and normal-phase chromatography, and the effects of three chiral stationary phases on the TDF separation were investigated in this study. The R-type and S-type of TDF tablets were quantitatively analyzed in the single ion monitoring (SIM) scanning mode with a Unichiral CMD column. This method has been successfully applied to the separation and quantification of TDF and its isomers. The linear ranges of (R)-TDF and (S)-enantiomer were 1–20 and 0.2–16 μg/mL, respectively. The limit of detection for (R)-TDF and (S)-enantiomer was 0.0015 and 0.0012 μg/mL, respectively. (S)-enantiomer was not detected in the formulas from all the seven manufacturers, and the drug content of each took more than 98.5% of the labeled amount, which complies with the regulations. The method shows its advantages on high sensitivity, low detection limit, good practicability, and repeatability. The proposed method may provide a novel platform for separation of TDF enantiomers and quality control of TDF raw materials and preparations.

Purpose This study aims to investigate the perceived benefits arising from tourist activities at natural disaster sites, to analyze the influence of perceived benefits on satisfaction and behavioral intentions and to identify origin region’s moderating role. Design/methodology/approach A research model containing dark tourism motivations (DTMs), tourist perceived benefits (TPBs), tourist satisfaction (TS), protection intention (PI) and loyalty intention (LIs) was developed, and visitor origin was introduced as a moderating variable. Taking the 5·12 Wenchuan Earthquake Memorial Museum as a case site, data were obtained by distributing questionnaires on-site, and the model was tested using partial least squares-structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). Findings DTMs had a significant effect on cognitive and affective benefits, and TPBs significantly affected TS, PI and LIs, with satisfaction playing a partial mediating role. The origins of tourists showed a moderating role in part of the influence relationship of perceived benefits. Practical implications This study explored the perceived benefits among dark tourists and built a research model of their influence on tourist satisfaction and behavior. This study not only provides suggestions for managers related to dark tourism development in natural disaster areas, but also offers the possibility of enhancing tourist dark tourism experiences by interpreting the psychology and behavior of dark tourists. Originality/value This research adopted a new perspective of the decision-making behavior of dark tourists. The perceived benefits arising from visiting natural disaster sites were analyzed and the relationships between TBSs and motivation, TS, PI and LIs were examined. Considering the specificity of dark tourism emotions, the research also analyzed the similarities and differences in the psychology and behavior of locals and non-locals in dark tourism. The research results enrich and deepen the theoretical study of dark tourism.

In mammals, nemo-like kinase 2 (NLK2) is a conservative protein kinase involved in Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway and immune response. However, the role of NLK2 in immune response in teleost remain unclear. In this study, we identified an ortholog of mammalian NLK from grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) named CiNLK2. CiNLK2 shares a high level of homology with the counterparts, especially with that of Cyprinus carpio. CiNLK2 was ubiquitously expressed in all tested tissues (liver, brain, spleen, gill, kidney and eye) and its expression was up-regulated under the treatment with poly I:C or GCRV. Overexpression of CiNLK2 suppressed the production of IFN I in CIK cells whether or not treated with poly I:C. However, knockdown of CiNLK2 increased the expression level of IFN I. The analysis of subcellular localization showed that CiNLK2 protein was scattered throughout the cytoplasm and nucleus. In terms of mechanism, CiNLK2 can directly interact with MAVS and inhibit MAVS-induced IFN I response. Moreover, CiNLK2 increased the phosphorylation level of MAVS, which led to the degradation of MAVS protein. On the other hand, CiNLK2 suppressed the phosphorylation and nuclear translocation of IRF3. In general, CiNLK2 served as an inhibitor for IFN I response by targeting MAVS-IRF3 signal axis.

Context IDH1 is a pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL) susceptibility gene; however, its role, especially in the Chinese population, has not been characterized. Objective To determine the prevalence of somatic IDH1 hotspot variants in a large cohort of Chinese patients with PPGLs and to summarize associated phenotypes. Methods This retrospective cross-sectional study was based on a main cohort of 1141 patients with PPGLs from 2 tertiary-care centers in China. We included 50 cases with urinary bladder paragangliomas (UBPGLs), of whom 29 were part of the main cohort and 21 were from other centers. Two additional cases with IDH1 hotspot variants not part of the main cohort were also included for summarizing IDH1-associated phenotypes. Next-generation sequencing of tumor DNA was used to analyze a customized panel of genes. Results The overall prevalence of IDH1 hotspot variants in the main cohort was 0.5% (6/1141). Among those PPGLs without mutations in 15 common driver genes, the prevalence of IDH1 variants was 0.9% (4/455). When restricted to paraganglioma (PGL) without mutations, the prevalence reached 4.7% (4/86). Among UBPGLs, IDH1 hotspot variants accounted for 8% (4/50). Together, all 10 patients (9 PGLs and 1 pheochromocytoma) with IDH1 hotspot variants, including 3 females with concurrent EPAS1 hotspot variants, had apparently sporadic tumors, without metastasis or recurrence. There were 3 patients with biochemical data, all showing a non-adrenergic phenotype. Conclusions The somatic IDH1 hotspot variants cause PPGL development in some Chinese patients, especially among those apparently sporadic PGLs with a non-adrenergic phenotype and without mutations in major PPGL driver genes.

It is known that chlorphoxim is a broad-spectrum and high-effective pesticide. With the wide use in agricultural practice, chlorphoxim residue is also frequently detected in water, but its potential toxicity to aquatic life is still unclear. In this study, zebrafish is used as a model to detect the toxicity of chlorphoxim. Our results showed that exposure of high concentration of chlorphoxim at 96 h post-fertilization (hpf) resulted in a high mortality and pericardium edema rate, a low hatchability rate and heart rate. The nervous system damage, swimming behavior alteration and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition were measured in zebrafish embryos after a 6 days post-fertilization (dpf) of chlorphoxim exposure. The expression of neural-related genes is abnormal in zebrafish embryos. Chlorphoxim exposure significantly increases oxidative stress in zebrafish embryos by inhibiting antioxidant enzyme (SOD and CAT) and activating reactive oxygen species (ROS). As expected, chlorphoxim exposure induces apoptosis by enhancing the expression of apoptotic genes (Bax, Bcl2, and p53). Astaxanthin (ATX), an effective antioxidant, was found to be able to rescue the neurotoxicity of chlorphoxim through relieving oxidative stress and apoptosis. Altogether, the results showed that chlorphoxim exposure led to severe neurotoxicity to zebrafish embryos, which was contributed to a more comprehensive understanding of the safety use of the organophosphorus pesticide.

With two studies ( N=1,257), we examined the aspect-level personality predictors of support for major U.S. presidential candidates in 2016 and 2020. U.S. residents completed measures of aspect-level personality, overall political orientation, and support for each candidate. The profile that predicted support for each candidate diverged from the profile that predicted generic liberalism/conservatism. Moreover, differences emerged between supporters of different candidates within the same party. For example, preference for Clinton was predicted by higher Openness, but lower Intellect, Politeness, and Volatility, whereas preference for Sanders was predicted only by higher Openness and lower Volatility. Preference for Trump was predicted by lower Openness and higher Volatility in 2016, but lower Compassion and higher Industriousness in 2020. Support for Biden was predicted by higher Compassion, Intellect, and Withdrawal. This work provides a more nuanced understanding of how the psychology of generalized political orientation may deviate from the psychology behind support for specific candidates.

In mammals, DYRK2 increases p53 phosphorylation level by interacting with it and then promotes cell apoptosis. However, the function of fish DYRK2 has not yet been elucidated. In this paper, we cloned and identified the coding sequence (CDS) of a grass carp DYRK2 (CiDYRK2) which is 1773 bp in length and encodes 590 amino acids. SMART predictive analysis showed that CiDYRK2 possesses a serine/threonine kinase domain. Subsequently, we used the dsRNA analog polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (poly (I:C) and Grass carp reovirus (GCRV) to stimulate grass carp and CIK cells for different times and found that CiDYRK2 mRNA was significantly up-regulated both in fish tissues and cells. To explore the function of CiDYRK2, we carried out overexpression and knockdown experiments of CiDYRK2 in CIK cells. Real-time quantitative PCR (Q-PCR), TdT-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the ratio of BAX/BCL-2 mRNA, the number of TUNEL positive cells, the proportion of Annexin V-positive cells respectively. The results showed that CiDYRK2 significantly up-regulated BAX/Bcl-2 mRNA ratio and increased the number of TUNEL-positive cells, as well as the proportion of Annexin V-positive cells. On the contrary, knock-down of CiDYRK2 significantly down-regulated BAX/Bcl-2 mRNA ratio in the cells. Therefore, CiDYRK2 promoted cell apoptosis. To study the molecular mechanism by which CiDYRK2 promoting cell apoptosis, subcellular localization and immunoprecipitation experiments were used to study the relationship between grass carp DYRK2 and the pro-apoptotic protein p53. The results showed that CiDYRK2 and Cip53 were located and co-localized in the nucleus. Co-immunoprecipitation experiment also showed that CiDYRK2 and Cip53 can bind with each other. We further found that DYRK2 can increase the phosphorylation level of p53. In a word, our results showed that grass carp DYRK2 induces cell apoptosis by increasing the phosphorylation level of p53.

Colletotrichum camelliae is a widespread filamentous phytopathogenic fungus. In this study, a novel mycovirus designated as "Colletotrichum camelliae botourmiavirus 1" (CcBV1) was isolated from strain ZJQT11 of C. camelliae, and its complete genome sequence was determined. CcBV1 has a genome of 2,506 nucleotides and contains a large open reading frame (ORF) that encodes an RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) with 672 amino acids and a predicted molecular mass of 75.23 kDa. A BLASTp search showed that RdRp encoded by CcBV1 is closely related to that of Pyricularia oryzae ourmia-like virus 1 with 73.22% identity. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that CcBV1 clustered in the penoulivirus clade within the family Botourmiaviridae. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a penoulivirus in C. camelliae.

Herein we report a reverse transcription-free, label-free and enzyme-free colorimetric method for RNA nucleic acid fragments detection. The method can conveniently determine the presence of dual gene targets and distinguish single nucleotide polymorphism by visual observation.

Cationic ring-opening polymerization (CROP) is an interesting synthesis technique to obtain well-defined polymers with narrow molar mass distribution (MMD).

Facile surgical delivery and stable fixation of synthetic scaffolds play roles just as critically as degradability and bioactivity in ensuring successful scaffold-guided tissue regeneration. Properly engineered shape memory polymers (SMPs) may meet these challenges. Polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSSs) can be covalently integrated with urethane-crosslinked polylactide (PLA) to give high-strength, degradable SMPs around physiological temperatures. To explore their potential for guided bone regeneration, here we tune their hydrophilicity, degradability, cytocompatibility, and osteoconductivity/osteoinductivity by crosslinking star-branched POSS-PLA with hydrophilic polyethylene glycol diisocyanates of different lengths and up to 60 wt % hydroxyapatite (HA). The composites exhibit high compliance, toughness, up to gigapascal storage moduli, and excellent shape recovery (95%) at safe triggering temperatures. Water swelling ratios and hydrolytic degradation rates positively correlated with the hydrophilic crosslinker lengths, while the negative impact of degradation on the proliferation and osteogenesis of bone marrow stromal cells was mitigated with HA incorporation. Macroporous composites tailored for a rat femoral segmental defect were fabricated, and their ability to stably retain and sustainedly release recombinant osteogenic bone morphogenetic protein-2 and support cell attachment and osteogenesis was demonstrated. These properties combined make these amphiphilic osteoconductive degradable SMPs promising candidates as next-generation synthetic bone grafts.

This study aims to explore the effects of zinc water on autism-like behavior, convulsion threshold, and neurogenesis in ASD model animals. This study used the young BTBR ASD mouse model to explore the effect of a 6-week zinc water supplementation on ASD-like behaviors such as repetitive behavior and social communication disorder, seizure threshold, and the correlation with excitability regulation. The mice were divided into four groups of normal controls (B6) and models (BTBR) who did and did not receive zinc supplementation in water (B6, B6 + zinc, BTBR, and BTBR + zinc). For morphological changes in the hippocampus, we selected two indicators: hippocampal mossy fiber sprouting and neurogenesis. ASD-like behavior testing, seizure threshold determination, Timm staining, and neurogenesis-related assays—represented by Ki67 and DCX—were performed after 6 weeks of zinc supplementation. Our results show that zinc water can prevent autism-like behavior, reduce susceptibility to convulsions, and increase the proliferation of hippocampal progenitor cells in BTBR mice but has less effect on mossy fiber sprouting and neural progenitor cell differentiation. Zinc water reduces autism-like behavior in a partially inherited autism model mice—BTBR—which may be associated with hippocampal neural precursor cell proliferation and reversed hyperexcitability.

The fabrication of 2,6-bis(1,2,3-triazol-4yl)pyridine (btp) based metallo-supramolecular gels has been mainly focusing on organogels. Only recently, the synthesis and metallo-supramolecular hydrogel formation of linear poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) with multiple btp units in the main chain are reported. In this manuscript, metallo-supramolecular hydrogels that are constructed using tetra-arm star PEG-modified with btp end-groups upon complexation with transition metal ions are reported. This btp-functionalized star-PEG precursor is more easily accessible and more defined than the previously reported linear system while also yielding stronger hydrogels. The gelation is selectively induced by Ni2+ ions and strongly depended on the metal-ligand ratio and polymer concentration. The successful formation of organogels can be induced selectively by Ni2+ or Fe2+ ion complexation in acetonitrile, which leads to the strongest complexes. The inability to form hydrogels with Fe2+ ions is ascribed to the partial oxidation of Fe2+ to Fe3+ ions in an aqueous solution. Furthermore, the optimal conditions for achieving self-healing capabilities are also determined (i.e., 4 wt% polymer concentration and btp:Ni2+ molar ratio of 2:1) using rheology. The high strain resistance and fast self-healing characteristics make these specific Ni2+ metallo-supramolecular hydrogels a promising platform for materials design with potential applications in supramolecular chemistry, coordination chemistry, and catalysis.

Achieving the high accuracy of blind roads and crosswalks recognition is important for blind guiding equipment to help blind people sense the surrounding environment. A lightweight semantic segmentation network is proposed to quickly and accurately segment blind roads and crosswalks in a complex road environment. Specifically, a lightweight network with depthwise separable convolution as a component is used as a basic module to reduce the number of parameters of the model and increase the speed of semantic segmentation. In order to ensure the segmentation accuracy of the network, we use a densely connected atrous spatial pyramid pooling module to extract feature information of different angles and context feature modules to enhance the effectiveness of different levels of feature information fusion. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, we collect and produce a data set from a real environment, which contains two objects of blind roads and crosswalks 1 . Experimental results demonstrate that, compared to some state-of-the-art approaches, the proposed approach greatly improves the segmentation speed, while achieving better or similar accuracy, which shows that the proposed approach provides a better basis for the application of devices for guiding the blind. 1 https://github.com/qweawq/Blind-road-and-crosswalk-dataset

A metal-free photocatalytic Ritter-type C–H amination of unactivated sp3 carbons using molecular oxygen as a terminal oxidant has been developed. By employing a co-catalytic system of 3-dichloro-4,5-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (DDQ) and tert-butyl nitrite (TBN), this novel strategy provides a low cost, sustainable and scalable way to synthesise a broad range of secondary amides in moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions.

A metal-free photocatalytic Ritter-type C-H amination of unactivated sp

A safe and operationally simple protocol for the preparation of β-d-glycosyl fluorides is presented. We demonstrate that a precise combination of XtalFluor-M

The crystal structures of three N-(pyridine-2-carbon­yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide ligands, with or without F atoms on the 3-position of the pyridine ring, with potential use in supra­molecular chemistry are reported., The synthesis and single-crystal X-ray structures of three N-(pyridine-2-carbon­yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide imides, with or without F atoms on the 3-position of the pyridine rings are reported, namely, N-(pyridine-2-carbon­yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, C12H9N3O2 (1), N-(3-fluoro­pyridine-2-carbon­yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, C12H8FN3O2 (2), and 3-fluoro-N-(3-fluoro­pyridine-2-carbon­yl)pyridine-2-carboxamide, C12H7F2N3O2 (3). The above-mentioned compounds were synthesized by a mild, general procedure with an excellent yield, providing straightforward access to symmetrical and/or asymmetrical heterocyclic ureas. The crystal structures of 1 and 2 are isomorphous, showing similar packing arrangements, i.e. double layers of parallel (face-to-face) mol­ecules alternating with analogous, but perpendicularly oriented, double layers. In contrast, the crystal structure of 3, containing a fluoro- group at the 3-position of both pyridine rings, shows mol­ecular arrangements in a longitudinal, tubular manner along the c axis, with the aromatic pyridine and carbon­yl/fluorine moieties facing towards each other.

Background Chordoma is a rare mesenchymal malignancy, with a high recurrence rate and unclear tumorigenic mechanism. Genetic alterations, epigenetic regulators, and chromatin spatial organization play crucial roles in the initiation and progression of chordoma. In the current study, we aim to uncover the novel therapeutical targets for chordoma via using integrated multi-omics analysis. Methods The RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq), assay for transposable accessible chromatin by high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-seq), and Hi-C were performed between chordoma and human nucleus pulposus (HNP), along with imageological examination and clinical information. The expressions of identified targets were validated by clinical samples and their functions were further evaluated by cell and animal experiments via gene knockdown and inhibitors. Results The integrated multi-omics analysis revealed the important roles of bone microenvironment in chordoma tumorigenesis. By comparing the hierarchical structures, CA2 (carbonic anhydrase II) and THNSL2 (threonine synthase-like 2) were identified in the switched compartments, cell-specific boundaries, and loops. Additionally, CA2 was highly expressed in chordoma but barely found in HNP. The cell growth and migration of chordoma cells were dramatically suppressed via inhibition of CA2 either with genetic deletion or pharmaceutical treatment with Dorzolamide HCl. Furthermore, Dorzolamide HCl also regulated the bone microenvironment by blocking the osteoclast differentiation of bone marrow monocytes. Conclusion This study uncovers the roles of bone microenvironment in the chordoma tumorigenesis and identifies CA2 as a novel therapeutic target for chordoma. Besides, our findings suggest Dorzolamide HCl as a promising therapeutic option for chordoma.

Purpose Among children, glioblastomas (GBMs) are a relatively common type of brain tumor. BRD4 expression was elevated in GBM and negatively correlated with the prognosis of glioma. We investigated the anti-GBM effects of a novel BRD4 inhibitor GNE987. Methods We evaluated the anti-tumor effect of GNE987 in vitro and in vivo by Western blot, CCK8, flow cytometry detection, clone formation, the size of xenografts, and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining, and combined ChIP-seq with RNA-seq techniques to find its anti-tumor mechanism. Results In vitro experiments showed that GNE987 significantly degraded BRD4, inhibited the proliferation of GBM cells, blocked the cell cycle, and induced apoptosis. Similarly, in vivo experiments, GNE987 also inhibited GBM growth as seen from the size of xenografts and Ki67 immunohistochemical staining. Based on Western blotting, GNE987 can significantly reduce the protein level of C-Myc; meanwhile, we combined ChIP-seq with RNA-seq techniques to confirm that GNE987 downregulated the transcription of S100A16 by disturbing H3K27Ac. Furthermore, we validated that S100A16 is indispensable in GBM growth. Conclusion GNE987 may be effective against GBM that targets C-Myc expression and influences S100A16 transcription through downregulation of BRD4.

Pathological coagulation within an injured artery and the subsequent cardiovascular complications, such as stroke and heart attack, greatly threaten human life. Inspired by the biochemical features of acute arterial thrombosis, such as abundant activated platelets and hydrogen peroxide (H

Timely and accurate detection of virus is crucial for preventing spread of disease and early treatment of the infected cases. Herein we design an integrated logic-operated three-dimensional DNA walker for colorimetric detection of viral RNA fragments, by taking SARS-CoV-2 as an example. The DNA walker is composed of small amounts of dually-blocked walking strands and large amounts of dual-stem-loop track strands on gold nanoparticles. The walking strand contains a swing arm domain and a DNAzyme domain blocked at both sides of catalytic core, while the track strand contains a substrate domain located at the peripheral larger loop. Only the presence of both ORF1ab and N RNA fragments can fully de-block the walking strand, which then continuously hybridizes with track strands and cleaves them by DNAzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis. As the cleavage of track strands from long-stranded, double stem-loop structure to short-stranded, linear sequence, the DNA walker shows much lowered stability due to decreased negative charge density and diminished steric repulsion, which then gets aggregated at high salt concentration, accompanied by a visible color change. The colorimetric DNA walker detects RNA fragments down to 1 nM, responds dual viral genes in a "AND" logic way, and shows high specificity to target sequence. It can further detect large nucleic acids containing ORF1ab and N sequences, and reach 200 copies/mL detection limit by coupling a simple upstream amplification of sample. The method may provide a convenient way for reliable detection of viral RNA.

Background Developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) is a complex hip joint deformity with effects ranging from acetabulum malformation to irreversible hip dislocation. Previous studies suggest a significant association of four variations, teneurin transmembrane protein 3 (TENM3, OMIM * 610083) (chr4:183721398), heparan sulfate proteoglycan 2 (HSPG2, OMIM * 142461) (chr1:22201470), ATPase plasma membrane Ca2+ transporting 4 (ATP2B4, OMIM * 108732) (chr1:203682345), and prostaglandin F receptor (PTGFR, OMIM * 600563) (chr1:79002214), with DDH susceptibility in families with segregating DDH. However, the association was not validated in sporadic cases and remains controversial. To confirm the association of the reported variations in these four genes with DDH, we conducted replicative verification in 250 sporadic samples with DDH from a Chinese Han population. Methods We conducted Sanger sequencing after amplifying the variation sites. The results were compared with the reference sequence from the GRCh37 assembly in UCSC (http://genome.ucsc.edu). Results Replication analysis of 250 sporadic samples by Sanger sequencing indicated that the four variations, TENM3 (OMIM * 610083, chr4:183721398), HSPG2 (OMIM * 142461, chr1:22201470), ATP2B4 (OMIM * 108732, chr1:203682345), and PTGFR (OMIM * 600563, chr1:79002214), were not associated with the susceptibility to DDH in the Chinese Han population. Conclusions Further studies should be performed to identify other variations of these four genes that are potentially associated with DDH by whole-exome sequencing and the results should be verified in different populations.

The drinking water shortage is globe concern currently, thus, developing an economical, green, antibacterial composites is urgent. Here, we report a simple and scalable strategy to synthesize zeolite-cellulose composites by the filter paper immersed in the precursor solution of synthetic zeolite. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometer (XRF), infrared spectra (IR), and thermogravimetry analyzer (TGA). It was confirmed that the sub-micron zeolite was successfully embedded into cellulose. Zn2+ and Cu2+ are induced into the composites by ion exchange, the composites were able to able to kill nearly all viable bacteria of 1 L of the natural water sample via gravity driving, demonstrating high suitability for practical water disinfection. Furthermore, after the dynamic test of deionized water, the contents of Zn2+ and Cu2+ ions exuded are far below the standard of drinking water, indicating that the materials are safe and have a long-term antibacterial property.

Strain sensors with good stability are vital to the development of wearable healthcare monitoring systems. However, the design of strain sensor with both duration stability and environmental stability is still a challenge. In this work, we propose an ultra-stable and washable strain sensor by embedding a coupled composite film of carbon nanotube (CNT) and Ti3C2Tx MXene into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) matrix. The composite strain sensor with embedded microstructure and uneven surface makes it conformal to skin, while the CNT/MXene sensing layer exhibits a resistance sensitive to strain. This sensor shows reliable responses at different frequencies and with long-term cycling durability (over 1,000 cycles). Meanwhile, the CNT/MXene/PDMS composite strain sensor provides the advantages of superior anti-interference to temperature change and water washing. The results demonstrate less than 10% resistance changes as the temperature rises from −20 to 80 °C or after sonication in water for 120 min, respectively. The composite sensor is applied to monitor human joint motions, such as bending of finger, wrist and elbow. Moreover, the simultaneous monitoring of the electrocardiogram (ECG) signal and joint movement while riding a sports bicycle is demonstrated, enabling the great potential of the as-fabricated sensor in real-time human healthcare monitoring.

Introduction Research has consistently revealed positive correlations between political liberalism and Openness to Experience, and between conservatism and Conscientiousness. Most of this research has made use of domain-level models of the Big Five personality traits. Recent work suggests, however, that each Big Five trait domain can be divided into distinct aspects or facets, which offer more nuanced characterizations of each trait. Methods Across four studies (Ns ranging from 1,123 to 116,406), the present research examined the degree to which distinct lower-level traits would be associated with meaningful differences in political orientation. United States residents completed two different hierarchical Big Five personality measures (the Big Five Aspect Scales and the Big Five Inventory-2), as well as a range of measures of political orientation. Results Across both personality measures, liberal political orientation showed distinct positive associations with the lower-level traits Openness/Aesthetic Sensitivity, Intellect/Intellectual Curiosity, Compassion, and Withdrawal/Depression, as well as distinct negative associations with Orderliness/Organization, Politeness, and Assertiveness. Discussion By examining individual differences at a higher level of granularity, these data provide insight into specific motivations that predispose individuals toward different ends of the political spectrum.

SH2B1, an adaptor protein associated with obesity, is closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors. To investigate the clinical significance of SH2B1 in colorectal cancer (CRC), expression of SH2B1 in colorectal normal tissues, adenomas, paracarcinoma tissues, carcinoma tissues, and metastatic tissues from 1003 CRC patients was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC). The prediction power of SH2B1 for CRC prognosis was evaluated by Kaplan-Meier survival analysis and Cox regression model. Results revealed the expression of SH2B1 in carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that in other tissues. High expression of SH2B1 was an independent risk factor for both disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) and predicted unfavorable prognosis of CRC as well as poor chemotherapeutic response. Conclusively, SH2B1 can serve as an effective predictor for CRC survival and chemotherapeutic outcomes.

Herein, we report the in situ analysis of human telomerase by a multicolor DNA tetrahedron nanoprobe. The elongated telomeric repeats can hybridize with settled molecular beacons in order, accompanied by sequentially lighted up fluorescence. Imaging telomerase activity, real-time monitoring telomerase action and determining product length distribution in living cells are realized. It detects multiple information of intracellular telomerase and provides deeper insights into the function of telomerase.

Humans may be exposed to microplastics (MPs) through food, drink, and air. Although several studies have examined indoor environmental MPs, none have yet compared atmospheric MP and bacterial deposition characteristics among rooms in homes. We investigated indoor airborne MPs and bacteria in five room types (bedroom, dining room, living room, bathroom, and study) based on the duration of usage of each room. We identified synthetic polymers (23,889 MP particles of 21 types) and bacterial communities (383 genera belong to 24 phyla) collected through atmospheric deposition in various rooms of 20 homes. The abundance and composition of MPs are related to the duration of usage, human activities, goods, cleanliness, and the composition of occupants (family members) in households. In addition, the homes of elderly families (age 68-81 years) showed higher bacterial concentrations than those of young families (age 28-35 years), indicating that age markedly affects the structure of household microbiota. Furthermore, a significant correlation between MP concentration and bacterial community structure was observed. The abundances of polyamide (PA), polyurethane (PU), and polyethylene (PE) showed positive correlations with the relative abundances of major bacterial phyla. Taken together, our results suggest that various rooms in the home exhibit distinct MP abundances and bacterial structures that may be affected by age, cleanliness, and human activities.

Fenpropathrin has been a commonly used insecticide to control agricultural and household insects over a few decades. Up to now, fenpropathrin residue in soil and water has been often determined due to its widespread use, which poses serious threat to environment and aquatic organisms. The potential of fenpropathrin to affect aquatic lives is still poorly understood. In this study, we used zebrafish (Danio rerio) embryo as an experimental model system to evaluate the toxicity of fenpropathrin to the development of zebrafish nervous system. Zebrafish embryos were separately exposed to fenpropathrin at the dose of 0.016 mg/L, 0.032 mg/L, 0.064 mg/L, starting at 6 h post-fertilizationhpf (hpf) up to 96 hpf. The results showed that fenpropathrin exposure gives rise to physiological, behavioral, and neurodevelopmental impairments in zebrafish embryos, including enhanced acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, abnormal swimming behavior, karyopyknosis in brain cells, increased intercellular space, and uneven migration of neuron in brain area. In addition, the expressions of genes concerning neurodevelopment and neurotransmitter system were inhibited following fenpropathrin exposure. We also found that fenpropathrin exposure distinctly induced oxidative stress by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and inhibiting the production of antioxidant enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Expectedly, some apoptosis-associated genes were induced and the apoptosis appeared in the brain and heart cells of zebrafish embryos. Moreover, fenpropathrin exposure also inhibited the expressions of genes in Nrf2 signaling pathway, such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and SOD. In summary, the results of this study indicate that oxidative stress-triggered apoptosis may be an underlying fundamental of fenpropathrin-induced neurotoxicity in zebrafish embryos.