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A homogeneous and uniform array of nanotubes with a diameter of about 70 nm was produced on titanium (Ti) surface by anodic oxidation. The wall thickness of the nanotubes was around 20 nm, and the depth was about 200 nm. The biological properties of the anodized Ti surface were investigated by simulated body fluid (SBF) soaking test and in vitro cell culture test. The mechanical properties were evaluated by instrumented nanoindentation test and friction-wear test. The results showed that the anodized Ti surface can induce the formation of bone-like apatite after immersion in SBF for four weeks, enhance cell adhesion, proliferation and gene expression, it also showed decreased friction coefficient, similar stiffness and Young's modulus to those of the cortical bone. Based on these results, it can be concluded that anodic oxidation endowed the Ti surface with improved biological and mechanical properties, which was attributed to the formation of nanostructured surface.

Owing to the shortages of inconvenience, expensive and high professional requirements etc. for conventional recognition devices of wheat leaf diseases, it does not satisfy the requirements of uploading and releasing timely investigation data in the large-scale field, which may influence the effectiveness of prevention and control for wheat diseases. In this study, a fast, accurate, and robust diagnose system of wheat leaf diseases based on android smartphone was developed, which comprises of two parts—the client and the server. The functions of the client include image acquisition, GPS positioning, corresponding, and knowledge base of disease prevention and control. The server includes image processing, feature extraction, and selection, and classifier establishing. The recognition process of the system goes as follow: when disease images were collected in fields and sent to the server by android smartphone, and then image processing of disease spots was carried out by the server. Eighteen larger weight features were selected by algorithm relief-F and as the input of Relevance Vector Machine (RVM), and the automatic identification of wheat stripe rust and powdery mildew was realized. The experimental results showed that the average recognition rate and predicted speed of RVM model were 5.56% and 7.41 times higher than that of Support Vector Machine (SVM). And application discovered that it needs about 1 minute to get the identification result. Therefore, it can be concluded that the system could be used to recognize wheat diseases and real-time investigate in fields.

A series of compounds with benzothiazole and amide-imidazole scaffolds were designed and synthesized to combat the increasing incidence of drug-resistant fungal infections. The antifungal activity of these compounds was evaluated in vitro , and their structure-activity relationships (SARs) were evaluated. The synthesized compounds showed excellent inhibitory activity against Candida albicans and Cryptococcus neoformans . The most potent compounds 14o , 14p , and 14r exhibited potent activity, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values in the range of 0.125–2 μg/mL. Preliminary mechanism studies revealed that the compound 14p might act by inhibiting the CYP51 of Candida albicans . The SARs and binding mode established in this study are useful for further lead optimization.

Previous studies have revealed a significant genetic relationship between phosphorus (P)-efficiency and photosynthesis-related traits in soybean. In this study, we used proteome profiling in combination with expression analysis, biochemical investigations, and leaf ultrastructural analysis to identify the underlying physiological and molecular responses. The expression analysis and ultrastructural analysis showed that the photosynthesis key genes were decreased at transcript levels and the leaf mesophyll and chloroplast were severely damaged after low-P stress. Approximately 55 protein spots showed changes under low-P condition by mass spectrometry, of which 17 were involved in various photosynthetic processes. Further analysis revealed the depression of photosynthesis caused by low-P stress mainly involves the regulation of leaf structure, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) synthesis, absorption and transportation of CO2, photosynthetic electron transport, production of assimilatory power, and levels of enzymes related to the Calvin cycle. In summary, our findings indicated that the existence of a stringent relationship between P supply and the genomic control of photosynthesis in soybean. As an important strategy to protect soybean photosynthesis, P could maintain the stability of cell structure, up-regulate the enzymes&rsquo, activities, recover the process of photosystem II (PSII), and induce the expression of low-P responsive genes and proteins.

Straw mulching is an effective measure to improve soil properties, crop growth, and yield. To further understand the advantage mechanisms of straw mulching, a field experiment with seven straw mulching levels (0 to 18 000 kg ha-1) was conducted to study the effects of straw mulching on maize (Zea mays L.) photosynthesis and rhizosphere soil micro-ecological environment. Results showed that maize chlorophyll content was evidently affected by straw mulching, and the highest chlorophyll content was at 12 000 kg ha-1 (M4). Straw mulching could significantly improve the photosynthetic characteristics of maize, and the difference between M4 and 0 kg ha-1 (M0) was significant. There was as trend change in soil microbe quantity; it first increased and then decreased with increasing straw mulching levels, and the most suitable straw mulching level for different types of microorganisms was 9000 kg ha-1 (M3) or M4. Straw mulching significantly enhanced soil enzyme urease, invertase, dehydrogenase, and protease activities, but when the straw mulching level reached a certain level, the effect of straw mulching was no longer apparent and even had some adverse effects at straw mulching levels higher than 15 000 kg ha-1 (M5). Yield in M4 (10 186.84 kg ha-1) was the highest compared with M0 (9365.12 kg ha-1), and yield significantly increased by 8.8%. Correlation analyses indicated that the soil microbe quantity and aforementioned enzyme activities were all significantly and positively correlated with maize chlorophyll content, photosynthetic rate, and yield. Findings suggest that straw mulching can apparently increase soil microbe quantity and enzyme activities and improve crop photosynthesis and yield; the M4 level is the most reasonable straw mulching level in this study under comprehensive consideration, and a straw mulching level that is too high (over M5) will have some negative effects.

Heritable epigenetic variants of genes, termed epialleles, can broaden genetic and phenotypic diversity in eukaryotes. Epialleles may also provide a new source of beneficial traits for crop breeding, but very few epialleles related to agricultural traits have been identified in crops. Here, we identified Epi-rav6, a gain-of-function epiallele of rice (Oryza sativa) RELATED TO ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3)/VIVIPAROUS1 (VP1) 6 (RAV6), which encodes a B3 DNA-binding domain-containing protein. The Epi-rav6 plants show larger lamina inclination and smaller grain size; these agronomically important phenotypes are inherited in a semidominant manner. We did not find nucleotide sequence variation of RAV6. Instead, we found hypomethylation in the promoter region of RAV6, which caused ectopic expression of RAV6 in Epi-rav6 plants. Bisulfite analysis revealed that cytosine methylation of four CG and two CNG loci within a continuous 96-bp region plays essential roles in regulating RAV6 expression; this region contains a conserved miniature inverted repeat transposable element transposon insertion in cultivated rice genomes. Overexpression of RAV6 in the wild type phenocopied the Epi-rav6 phenotype. The brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 and BR biosynthetic genes EBISU DWARF, DWARF11, and BR-DEFICIENT DWARF1 were ectopically expressed in Epi-rav6 plants. Also, treatment with a BR biosynthesis inhibitor restored the leaf angle defects of Epi-rav6 plants. This indicates that RAV6 affects rice leaf angle by modulating BR homeostasis and demonstrates an essential regulatory role of epigenetic modification on a key gene controlling important agricultural traits. Thus, our work identifies a unique rice epiallele, which may represent a common phenomenon in complex crop genomes.

Wnt/β-catenin signaling plays indispensable roles in both embryonic development and adult homeostasis. Abnormal regulation of this pathway is implicated in many types of cancer. Consequently, substantial efforts have made to develop therapeutic agents as anticancer drugs by specifically targeting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Here we systematically review the potential therapeutic agents that have been developed to date for inhibition of the Wnt/β-catenin cascade as well as current status of clinical trials of some of these agents.

Intercropping and N fertilization play an important role in increasing crop yield. In order to further understand the advantage mechanism of intercropping and the effect of increasing N application on the advantage effect of intercropped crop, a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different cropping patterns (i.e. M, maize monoculture; I1, maize-cotton intercrop; I2, maize-soybean intercrop) and N fertilization levels (N1, 100 kg ha-1; N2, 200 kg ha-1; N3, 300 kg ha-1; N4, 400 kg ha-1) on maize (Zea mays L.) Results showed that intercropping and increasing N application could enhance green leaf area per maize plant and chlorophyll content, and differences in green leaf area per plant and chlorophyll content between intercropping and monoculture under N1 were significant. Intercropping and increasing N application could improve maize photosynthetic characters, but their effects would be decreased with increasing N fertilization level. Root bleeding sap rate and root DM of maize were also obviously affected by intercropping and N fertilization, and the differences in root bleeding sap rate and root DM between I2 and M under N1 and N2 were significant. Compared to M, under N1, N2, N3, and N4, I2 increased grain N content by 12.8%, 6.3%, 2.7%, 1.5%, respectively. Intercropping and increasing N application could increase maize yield, and the difference in yield between I2 and M under N1 was significant. All the findings suggest that intercropping and increasing N application can improve maize physiological characters and increase maize root DM, N accumulation and yield, but their effects will be decreased with increasing N fertilization level.

Effective motivational mechanism can stimulate the potentiality of knowledgeable talents. Based on the organizational commitment the paper discusses the factors affected the motivation of knowledgeable talents. They include internal motivation factors such as working, individual growth, achievement needs and external motivation factors, such as compensation, high autonomy, recognition by others and so on. The paper puts forward the “hardcore” theory, builds motivation model for the motivation of knowledgeable talents based on organizational commitment, and proposes to improve organizational commitment of talented knowledgeable talents by enhance internal and external motivation factors, and then, to promote organizational development.

Employee conflict management is an important content. We center on environment,organization, leadership, human nature (EOL-H) of employee relationship management to analyze the conflict, by which we found a framework for conflict management mechanisms. We also put forward that enterprises should make conflict management become a cycling management mechanism, and realize enterprise to achieve the harmonious state of employee relations when it pay great attention to the use of the target, resources, and the enterprise culture, leadership of the conflict resolution.

For Chinese Education global demand and "Chinese fever" warming up in the world, further study on Chinese Education is a big subject in the new situation. Regard the aim of Chinese Education as the starting point, construct evaluation index system and theoretical framework of Chinese Education, Provide a solid theoretical support and development of power for follow-up research and rapid development of Chinese Education.

Develops the overseas Chinese education is an significant strategy that relates to the politics, economy, culture of China. Our country's overseas Chinese education already made a good progress, but still faced with numerous insufficient and difficulties. Through analyses the positive measure and the mechanism of carrying out on Foreign education of those languages which uses widely in the world such as English, Japanese and French, Obtains many countermeasures about expanding overseas Chinese education.

The public employment training is the important path to increase human resource character. Now Fujian province public employment train exsits government management working talent is not pure, the funds input is not enough, the training market is not the norm ect. Bring upping it must guarantee from lawmaking; perfect government management; Many ways to gather funds; Enhance the training evaluation; Establish the mechanism system of public employment training; to encrease the economic zone of west coast the public employment level, to promote the the economic zone of west coast economy science development.

As the coming of knowledge economy era, Knowledge Workers becomes the most important resource of Private Small and Medium Enterprises. Knowledge workers in Chinese Private Small Enterprises of and Medium growth direction can be divided into: Lengthways growth, Horizontal growth and Core. At present Knowledge Workers in Chinese Private Small and Medium Enterprises Growth of the main obstacle: Management mechanism under-developed; The salary management problems; Limit decision ability of Knowledge Workers; The very small opportunity of training and education; The work challenge shortage. To bring up how to manage the Private Enterprises knowledge workers, such as: Adopt the forerunner's management principle; Leading overall salary system; Let Knowledge Workers more participation management decision; The perfect training mechanism; Provide personal development challenge space, and so on.

The university graduate students' “establish a business” is important to promote the society development, Through investigate to discovers that current university graduate students' “establish a business” lack the funds,lack knowledge and experience,Government support is not enough, university graduate student's “establish a business” education is weak, it analysis university graduate students' “establish a business” process and affect factors frame, Bring up from the student, university, government and the society to promote the university graduate students' “establish a business”.

Chinese traditional culture ≪LaoZi≫ is also name ≪DaoDeJing≫, this book has the abundant management thinking, we can apply it in the modern time human resource of the business enterprise, it benefit to know the human resource management methods, Pay attention to the human resource's management foundation, Fully draw lessons and the techniqu from the human resource the management.

This paper redefine the intelligence capital function, it point out the intelligence capital to have the material, the spirit, policy function etc. it set up the molds to analysis the central government, local government, individual intelligence capital investment policy, and find the central government must according to the local government investment hobby, individual actual condition, the government subsidize lead the various investment on the intelligence capital.

The study concludes the factors influencing knowledgeable talents performance contain personal factors and organizational factors. In this thesis we have found that the interaction in different dimensions of organizational commitment has influence on knowledgeable talents performance and build models for knowledgeable talents performance. Meanwhile this paper puts forward to promote knowledge talents performance through implementing incentive measures to stimulate work motivation, offering learning and training opportunities to improve productive capacity, authorizing fully to offer organizational support, and creating cooperative and shared organizational climate.