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Extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling is strongly linked to Alzheimer's disease (AD) risk; however, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. Here, it is found that the injection of chondroitinase ABC (ChABC), mimicking ECM remodeling, into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) reversed short‐term memory loss and reduced amyloid‐beta (Aβ) deposition in 5xFAD mice. ECM remodeling also reactivated astrocytes, reduced the levels of aggrecan in Aβ plaques, and enhanced astrocyte recruitment to surrounding plaques. Importantly, ECM remodeling enhanced the autophagy‐lysosome pathway in astrocytes, thereby mediating Aβ clearance and alleviating AD pathology. ECM remodeling also promoted Aβ plaque phagocytosis by astrocytes by activating the astrocytic phagocytosis receptor MERTK and promoting astrocytic vesicle circulation. The study identified a cellular mechanism in which ECM remodeling activates the astrocytic autophagy‐lysosomal pathway and alleviates AD pathology. Targeting ECM remodeling may represent a potential therapeutic strategy for AD and serve as a reference for the treatment of this disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid global urbanization and its progress have profoundly affected urban vegetation. The ecological quality of urban vegetation is a vital indicator of regional ecological stability and health. A comprehensive assessment of the coupling coordination and coercive relationship between urbanization and the vegetation ecological quality is essential for promoting sustainable regional green development. Using the rapidly urbanizing Guangdong–Hong Kong–Macao Greater Bay Area (GBA) urban agglomeration in China as an example, this study evaluates the vegetation quality condition and the level of urbanization and explores the dynamic relationship between vegetation ecological quality and urbanization processes. This study introduces the vegetation ecological quality index (VEQI) based on net primary productivity (NPP) and fractional vegetation cover (FVC), as well as the comprehensive urbanization index (CUI) derived from gross domestic production (GDP), population density, and nighttime lighting data. The coupling coordination and Tapio decoupling models are employed to assess the degree of coupling coordination and the decoupling relationship between the VEQI and CUI across different periods. The results showed that (1) from 2000 to 2020, the VEQI in the GBA showed a significant increase, accompanied by continuous urbanization, particularly evident with the high CUI values in central areas; (2) the coupling coordination degree (CCD) exhibits high values and significant change slopes in the central GBA, indicating dynamic interactions between urbanization and vegetation ecological quality; (3) the decoupling states between the VEQI and CUI are dominated by weak decoupling (WD), strong decoupling (SD), expansive negative decoupling (END), and expansive coupling (EC), suggesting improvements in the relationship between urbanization and vegetation ecological quality; (4) the coordinated development level of the VEQI and CUI in the study area shows improvement, and their decoupling relationship displays a positive trend. Nevertheless, it remains crucial to address the impact of urbanization pressure on vegetation ecological quality and to implement proactive measures in response. The results of this study provide theoretical support for mesoscale development planning, monitoring vegetation ecological conditions, and formulating environmental policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We aimed to investigate the role of capsaicin (CAP) in modulating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced hepatic and intestinal inflammation, oxidative stress, and its colonic microflora in mice. Thirty healthy male Kunming mice with similar body weights were randomly assigned to three groups: the control group (CON), the LPS group, and the CAP group, with ten mice in each group. The CON and the LPS groups received a daily dose of normal saline, respectively, while the CAP group received an equivalent dose of CAP. On the 28th day of the experiment, the LPS and the CAP groups were intraperitoneally injected with LPS, while the CON group was injected with an equal volume of normal saline. The results lead to the following conclusions. Compared to the LPS group, CAP improved the loss of hepatic lobular structure and significantly increased the duodenal villus length and ratio of villus length to crypt depth. CAP increased hepatic and colon interleukin-10 (IL-10) and decreased IL-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) levels. CAP also increased hepatic catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) expression, and decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels. CAP significantly increased the relative abundances of Mucispirillum, Helicobacter, Prevotellaceae-UCG-001, Colidextribacter, unclassified-f-Oscillospiraceae, and Odoribacter, some of which were closely related to hepatic and colonic immune and oxidative markers. CAP also decreased the overall content of short-chain fatty acids, except for propionic acid. Overall, CAP can regulate the colon microbiota and exert anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Whether CAP exerts its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects by modulating the colonic microflora, mainly Mucispirillum spp. and Helicobacter spp., requires further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we investigated the expression pattern and regulatory function of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1 (KCNQ1OT1) in breast cancer. We found that KCNQ1OT1 was significantly upregulated in breast cancer cell lines. In lentiviral-transduced BT-549 and HCC1599 cells, KCNQ1OT1 knockdown impaired cancer cell functions, including in vitro proliferation and migration, and in vivo transplant growth. The possible sponging target of KCNQ1OT1, human microRNA-107 (hsa-miR-107), was confirmed to be bound by KCNQ1OT1, and was upregulated in breast cancer cells with KCNQ1OT1 downregulation. Further, hsa-miR-107 knockdown in KCNQ1OT1-downregulated cancer cells reversed its impairing effects on cancer cell proliferation and migration in vitro. Thus, loss of KCNQ1OT1 is associated with functional impairment in breast cancer cells, likely through inverse regulation of its sponging target, hsa-miR-107. Key words: breast cancer, lncRNA, KCNQ1OT1, miRNA, hsa-miR-107. Dans ce travail, les auteurs ont examine le patron d'expression et la fonction regulatrice du long ARN non codant (ARNnc) KCNQ1OT1 (KCNQ1 opposite strand/antisense transcript 1) dans le cancer du sein. Ils ont trouve que KCNQ1OT1 etait regule a la hausse de maniere significative dans des lignees de cancer du sein. Chez les cellules BT-549 et HCC1599 transduites par un lentivirus, le knockdown de KCNQ1OT1 affectait les fonctions des cellules cancereuses, dont la proliferation et la migration in vitro et la croissance de tumeurs transplantees in vivo. La cible potentielle de KCNQ1OT1 qui le piegerait, le microARN-107 (hsa-miR-107), s'est avere se lier a KCNQ1OT1 et etre regule a la hausse dans les cellules de cancer du sein a la suite de la regulation a la baisse de KCNQ1OT1. Le knockdown du hsa-miR-107 dans les cellules cancereuses chez qui le KCNQ1OT1 est regule a la baisse renversait ses effets perturbateurs sur la proliferation et la migration des cellules cancereuses in vitro. Ainsi, la perte de KCNQ1OT1 est associee a une perturbation fonctionnelle des cellules de cancer du sein, probablement par la regulation inverse de sa cible qui le piege, le hsa-miR-107. [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles : cancer du sein, long ARNnc, KCNQ1OT1, miARN, hsa-miR-107., Introduction Breast cancer is one of the most prevailing cancer types globally. In USA, breast cancer alone accounts for 30% of all new cancer diagnoses in women, and there are [...]

This paper analyzed the characteristics and safety management issues of emergency interventional surgery which conducted in the catheterization room, and briefly discussed the key points in safe management of adverse nursing events during the period of emergency interventional surgery. The safe management strategies were elaborated from the perspectives of enhancing the awareness of foreseeability, ensuring the human resource, training of perioperative cooperative ability, raising awareness of incidences, regulating document writing and keeping safe in intrahospital transport, in order to ensure safety during the period of emergency interventional surgery and improve quality of special nursing. (本文针对综合导管室行急诊介入诊疗手术的特点及术中安全管理要点, 探讨介入围手术期护理风险管理关键环节, 从提高预见性重视度、人力资源保障、强化培训术中抢救配合能力、警惕突发意外事件发生、规范抢救文书书写能力、保障转运环节安全及交接规范等几个方面, 详细阐述急诊介入手术护理安全管理措施, 旨在保障急诊患者行介入诊疗安全, 提高专科护理质量及介入平台支撑力。)

This article presents a novel bidirectional parallel-chamber soft actuator that improves the end-effector grasping force by adding a row of chambers at both ends of its longitudinal chambers. A mathematical model of the bending behavior of the longitudinal chambers of the actuator is established using the piecewise constant curvature assumption, and the bending properties, gripping force, and contact area of the end wrap were analyzed for the longitudinal and transverse chambers of the actuator. Compared to traditional soft actuators, the proposed bidirectional parallel-chamber actuator provides 1.78 N of grasping force at the end due to longitudinal bending, and 1 N of grasping force at the tail due to transverse bending. To validate the simulation results, a testing platform is built to measure the bending angle and output force of the actuator experimentally. Finally, a two-fingered soft gripper is developed to verify the mathematical model and simulation results, and is tested in grasping objects with diameters ranging from 0 to 250 mm and weights up to 1450 g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]