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Abstract The expression of GPR84 in bone marrow-derived monocytes/macrophages (BMMs) can inhibit osteoclast formation; however, its role in bone metastasis of colorectal cancer (CRC) is still unknown. To investigate the effects of GPR84 on bone metastasis of CRC, the murine CRC cell line MC-38 was injected into tibial bone marrow. We found that the expression of GPR84 in BMMs was gradually downregulated during bone metastasis of CRC, and the activation of GPR84 significantly prevented osteoclastogenesis in the tumor microenvironment. Mechanistically, the MAPK pathway mediated the effects of GPR84 on osteoclast formation. Moreover, we found that IL-11 at least partly inhibited the expression of GPR84 in the tumor microenvironment through the inactivation of STAT1. Additionally, activation of GPR84 could prevent osteolysis during bone metastasis of CRC. Our results suggest that CRC cells downregulate the expression of GPR84 in BMMs to promote osteoclastogenesis in an IL-11-dependent manner. Thus, GPR84 could be a potential therapeutic target to attenuate bone destruction induced by CRC metastasis.

Objective To explore the clinical and genetic characteristics of a Chinese pedigree affected with a syndromic form of hereditary gingival fibromatosis (HGF). Methods Clinical data of the pedigree members were collected. The excised gingiva were collected, and the pathological features were observed by histological sectioning. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood samples, and whole-exome sequencing was used to identify gene mutations. Results The proband, her mother, her maternal grandfather and her maternal grandfather's sister all suffered from gum hyperplasia; female patients had congenital hirsutism and macromastia, while male patients also had congenital hirsutism, which suggests that this pedigree may have a congenital syndrome. The pathological characteristics of the gingival tissue were chronic inflammation with fibromatous hyperplasia, connective tissue enlargement, and filling with thick collagen fiber bundles. In addition, whole-exome sequencing results showed that no mutations related to known pathogenic genes were found, suggesting that new pathogenic gene mutations may be the cause. Conclusion According to the literature and our gene sequencing results, it is suggested that this may be the first pedigree with a new syndrome HGF (gingival fibromatosis + congenital hirsutism + macromastia) caused by an unknown pathogenic gene mutation.

Historic buildings carry the history of human civilisation, and their conservation and utilisation are widely valued by countries around the world. At present, the lack of qualitative and quantitative assessment and evaluation methods for the preservation status and attachment value of historic buildings poses a challenge to the smooth implementation of the conservation and utilisation of historic buildings. The development of a set of system standards for the assessment and evaluation of historic buildings is an urgent task for the conservation and utilisation of historic buildings. This paper proposes a set of comprehensive mapping assessment and evaluation system for historical buildings through the analysis and sorting out of the current situation of preserving historical buildings and their development lineage, architectural style, building type, society and art. Finally, based on the above mapping evaluation system, 20 historical buildings are graded according to the requirements of historical building classification, and according to the different levels. Corresponding conservation measures are proposed and different planning schemes are formulated to better utilise the historical, scientific, cultural and economic values of historical buildings.

ObjectivesInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic lifelong inflammatory disease. Probiotics such as Bifidobacterium longum are considered to be beneficial to the recovery of intestinal inflammation by interaction with gut microbiota. Our goals were to define the effect of the exclusive use of BAA2573 on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, including improvement of symptoms, alleviation of histopathological damage, and modulation of gut microbiota.MethodsIn the present study, we pretreated C57BL/6J mice with Bifidobacterium longum BAA2573, one of the main components in an over-the-counter (OTC) probiotic mixture BIFOTO capsule, before modeling with DSS. 16S rDNA sequencing and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS)-based non-targeted metabolomic profiling were performed with the collected feces.ResultsWe found that pretreatment of Bifidobacterium longum BAA2573 given by gavage significantly improved symptoms and histopathological damage in DSS-induced colitis mice. After the BAA2573 intervention, 57 genera and 39 metabolites were significantly altered. Pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated that starch and sucrose metabolism, vitamin B6 metabolism, and sphingolipid metabolism may contribute to ameliorating colitis. Moreover, we revealed that the gut microbiome and metabolites were interrelated in the BAA2573 intervention group, while Alistipes was the core genus.ConclusionOur study demonstrates the impact of BAA2573 on the gut microbiota and reveals a possible novel adjuvant therapy for IBD patients.