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Conclusions:The aberrant expression of long non-coding RNA HOTAIR and transmethylase EZH2 played important roles in the progression and development of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Objectives:This research was aimed to explore the expression and correlation with clinicopathological characteristics of HOTAIR and EZH2 in LSCC, and to evaluate the function of the two in regulating the proliferation and cis-platinum resistance processes of LSCC. Methods:Quantitative real time-PCR (qPCR) was conducted to measure the expression of HOTAIR and EZH2 in tissue samples. Clinicopathological features were collected and statistically analyzed combining with the expression of HOTAIR and EZH2. The variance of EZH2 with down-regulating HOTAIR was measured by qPCR. CCK-8 proliferation test was conducted to detect the proliferation feature in LSCC cells. After cultured with a series of cis-platinum concentrations for 24 h, cell viability was detected using CCK-8 assay, and the inhibition rates were calculated. Results:HOTAIR and EZH2 were over-expressed in LSCC tissue. The higher expression was significantly related to T phase, pathological grades, and risk of lymphatic metastasis of LSCC. Suppressing HOTAIR expression stimulated EZH2 expressing, promoted the proliferation of AMC-HN8 cells, and increased the sensitivity to cis-platinum of the LSCC cells. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) has emerged as an important tool in the last decade and it is beginning to show potential to provide new information in many fields owing to its unique ability to acquire molecularly specific images and to provide multiplexed information, without the need for labeling or staining. In MSI, the chemical identity of molecules present on a surface is investigated as a function of spatial distribution. In addition to now standard methods involving MSI in vacuum, recently developed ambient ionization techniques allow MSI to be performed under atmospheric pressure on untreated samples outside the mass spectrometer. Here we review recent developments and applications of MSI emphasizing the ambient ionization techniques of desorption electrospray ionization (DESI), laser ablation electrospray ionization (LAESI), probe electrospray ionization (PESI), desorption atmospheric pressure photoionization (DAPPI), femtosecond laser desorption ionization (fs-LDI), laser electrospray mass spectrometry (LEMS), infrared laser ablation metastable-induced chemical ionization (IR-LAMICI), liquid microjunction surface sampling probe mass spectrometry (LMJ-SSP MS), nanospray desorption electrospray ionization (nano-DESI), and plasma sources such as the low temperature plasma (LTP) probe and laser ablation coupled to flowing atmospheric-pressure afterglow (LA-FAPA). Included are discussions of some of the features of ambient MSI for example the ability to implement chemical reactions with the goal of providing high abundance ions characteristic of specific compounds of interest and the use of tandem mass spectrometry to either map the distribution of targeted molecules with high specificity or to provide additional MS information on the structural identification of compounds. We also describe the role of bioinformatics in acquiring and interpreting the chemical and spatial information obtained through MSI, especially in biological applications for tissue diagnostic purposes. Finally, we discuss the challenges in ambient MSI and include perspectives on the future of the field. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Mass Spec Rev 32:218-243, 2013 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous development of modern industry, environmental problems accompanied by heavy metal Pb(II) and organic dyes become increasingly apparent, and the development of associated detection/removal materials has important practical significance thus. In this work, a novel biomass (diphenolic acid and furfurylamine)-based, polyamide-sulfonate cross-linked polymer (PA-df-OBSC) was successfully constructed. Further characterization of PA-df-OBSC indicated that the chemical structure of PA-df-OBSC consists of multiple N/O/S-containing molecular fragments as amide, tertiary amine, carboxylic acid, sulfonate ester and sulfonate acid. Such structural characteristic endows PA-df-OBSC dual functional application prospect. PA-df-OBSC can be applied as an enrichment-type Pb(II) electrochemical probe due to its specific complexation for Pb(II). The modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) with PA-df-OBSC as active modifier presented a wide detection range (0.1–30 μmol/L) and low detection limit (1.31 × 10−8 M) for Pb(II). Besides, PA-df-OBSC also showed selective adsorption for cationic dye methylene blue (MB), with the maximum adsorption capacity up to 521.72 mg/g. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The sensitivity of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) to chemotherapy shows large heterogeneity. The role of miRNA in small extracellular vesicles (sEV) in chemotherapy resistance is under investigation. However, the regulation and sorting mechanism of sEV miRNAs remains unclear. In this study, small RNA sequencing was used to explore miRNA expression profiles in sEV of LSCC after cisplatin stimulation; RNA pull‐down, mass spectrometry, and EMSA were used to clarify the binding of candidate RNA‐binding protein (RBP) and candidate miRNA. Immunostaining and microRNA fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed to identify how candidate RBP affects miRNA stability and nuclear/cytoplasmic distribution. In vivo experiments were performed to verify the biological functions and response to cisplatin of candidate RBP. We found that cisplatin stimulation induced increased expression of miR‐148a‐3p and sEV sorting. ANXA11 binds to miR‐148a‐3p in a sequence‐specific manner. ANXA11 inhibits tumor cell proliferation and drug resistance by binding to and retaining miR‐148a‐3p. Cisplatin stimulation reduced ANXA11 expression and promoted miR‐148a‐3p efflux through sEV pathways. ANXA11 overexpression reduced in vivo tumor proliferation and cisplatin‐resistance. Taken together, ANXA11 mediates cisplatin resistance through sEV miRNA resorting. Mechanically, ANXA11 binds to miR‐148a‐3p in a sequence‐specific manner to regulate its resorting and thus influences tumor proliferation and chemoresistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To explore the predictive significance of baseline absolute peripheral lymphocyte counts (ALC) in the effectiveness of radiation in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC) patients. Design, Setting, and Participants: A retrospective study of pathologically confirmed HPSCC patients who had definitive radiation between January 2020 and January 2022 at Fudan University Eye and ENT Hospital. The routine blood results of patients were obtained to determine if the baseline ALC was connected with the response to radiation. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and LASSO‐based Cox regression were employed to assess the predictive value of ALC for the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT). Main Outcome Measures and Results: RT induced a considerable drop in ALC and the level of ALC did not revert to the baseline values 1 year after radiation. The baseline level of ALC was higher in patients who met complete response after RT. The baseline ALC and monocyte counts demonstrated the predictive value of radiation effectiveness and ALC was an independent predictor. Conclusion: In HPSCC, lymphocytes were sensitive to radiation and reduced significantly during RT. The baseline ALC might be regarded as a predictive indicator of the effectiveness of RT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of preoperative tracheotomy on oncologic outcomes of advanced stage glottic carcinoma patients, and to explore the potential reason. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 413 consecutive advanced stage glottic carcinoma patients from January 2005 to December 2010. The correlation of preoperative tracheotomy and potential impacting factor of tumor size involving tumor diameter and tumor area with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) was fully assessed. Results: Our cohort consisted of 302 (73.1%) patients with T3 and 111 (26.9%) patients with T4, and 98 (23.7%) patients received preoperative tracheotomy. The OS and DFS rates of patients receiving preoperative tracheotomy were worse than those without (5-year OS: 49.3% versus 69.8%; 5-year DFS: 45.3% versus 61.0%). The mean tumor diameter and tumor area of patients with preoperative tracheotomy were greater than those without (3.3 cm versus 2.4 cm, 8.9 cm2 versus 4.7 cm2). The optimal cutoff values of tumor diameter and tumor area for tracheotomy were 2.85 cm and 6.64 cm2. Tumor diameter and tumor area were correlated with tracheotomy intervention. Furthermore, when considering the potential effect of tumor area in multivariate model, we found that it was a significant factor in survival outcomes but variable of preoperative tracheotomy was not. Conclusion: This study indicates that tumor size is correlated with preoperative tracheotomy, and tracheotomy intervention may be reflection from effect of great tumor size that is a true adverse factor influencing oncologic outcomes of advanced stage glottic carcinoma patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Plasma extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNAs are important biomarkers for body fluid biopsy. The purpose of this study was to screen and construct a plasma small EV (sEV) miRNA panel as a biomarker for diagnosis and prognosis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Methods: Plasma sEV miRNAs from 6 LSCC patients with three typical anatomical sites and 3 normal controls (NCs) were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. The aberrant expression profile of sEV miRNAs was compared with the online databases of LSCC to construct and verify the diagnostic and prognostic panel by machine learning. Additionally, quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‒PCR) was performed to validate the diagnostic efficacy of the screened miRNAs in an independent clinical cohort. Results: A plasma sEV miRNA panel (consisting of hsa-miR-139-3p, hsa-miR-486-5p, hsa-miR-944, hsa-miR-320b and hsa-miR-455-5p) was successfully constructed for the early diagnosis and prognosis of LSCC and showed good predictive potential with AUCs of 0.782, 1.000, 0.716, and 0.875 by an artificial neural network (ANN) panel in independent datasets. This panel was further validated in an independent cohort consisting of 84 clinical cases (48 LSCC and 36 NCs). In the validation cohort, the AUC of the 5 individual miRNAs ranged from 0.721 to 0.837. The accuracy was further increased by the logistic model, which further increased the AUC to 0.959 by adjusting for the number of miRNAs. The miRNA‒mRNA regulatory network and immune function analysis revealed the possible underlying pathogenesis of LSCC. Conclusion: Plasma sEV miRNA panels can be promising plasma biomarkers for predicting early diagnosis and prognosis in LSCC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discriminative correlation filter (DCF)-based tracking method has shown good accuracy and efficiency in visual tracking. However, the periodic assumption of sample space causes unwanted boundary effects, restricting the tracker's ability to distinguish between the target and background. Additionally, in the real tracking environment, interference factors such as occlusion, background clutter, and illumination changes cause response aberration and, thus, tracking failure. To address these issues, this work proposed a novel tracking method named the background-suppressed dual-regression correlation filter (BSDCF) for visual tracking. First, we utilize the background-suppressed function to crop out the target features from the global features. In the training step, while introducing the spatial regularity constraint and background response suppression regularization, we construct a dual regression structure to train the target and global filters separately. The aim is to exploit the difference between the output response maps for mutual constraint to highlight the target and suppress the background interference. Furthermore, in the detection step, the global response can be enhanced by a weighted fusion of the target response to further improve the tracking performance in complex scenes. Finally, extensive experiments are conducted on three public benchmarks (including OTB100, TC128, and UAVDT), and the experimental results indicate that the proposed BSDCF tracker achieves tracking performance comparable to many state-of-the-art (SOTA) trackers in a variety of complex situations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]